To describe the current optical correction and present visual outcomes of schoolchildren identified with myopia during vision screening. A cross-sectional analysis was conducted of data from 12,106 students aged 6.0–18.99 years in 36 schools in Yangzhou, China. Vision screening-identified myopia was defined using visual acuity (VA) and noncycloplegic refraction; current orthokeratology users were also included. VA is reported in five-mark notation with logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution (logMAR) equivalents. The primary and secondary outcomes were having a current optical correction and presenting corrected bilateral visual acuity (PCVA) ≥ 5.0 (≤0.00 logMAR) in both eyes amongst spectacle users, respectively. Modified Poisson regression accounted for school clustering. Sensitivity analyses examined refractive severity, VA thresholds and noncycloplegic classification error. Overall, 7950/12,106 students met the screening criterion (65.7
To compare macular pigment optical density (MPOD) obtained using a macular pigment screener (MPS II) and macular metrics densitometer (MMD). Following details were collected in 65 healthy Singaporeans: sociodemographic, lifestyle information, height and weight, MPOD using MMD and MPS II including time taken to obtain measurements, and blood sample for estimation of serum lutein (L) and zeaxanthin (Z). MPOD agreement between MMD and MPS II was assessed using Bland–Altman plots and 95
Nursing homes play a crucial role in providing care to the ageing population; however, reports suggest nursing home residents experience difficulties accessing specific medical services, particularly eye care. This review aims to use the available data to find the pooled prevalence of visual impairment (VI) and blindness in the residents of nursing homes. This review also aims to propose future strategies to support the eye health of nursing home residents. The systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA). The online databases of PubMed/ Medline, Embase and Google Scholar were searched systematically for the keywords to identify articles reporting the prevalence of VI and blindness in nursing home residents in different geographical regions. Pooled prevalence of VI and blindness was then calculated using a random-effects model. The heterogeneity was quantified using I-squared statistics. Eleven studies were selected for the review, of which nine involving 3436 subjects were selected for meta-analysis. The pooled prevalence of VI in the residents of nursing homes, calculated using a random-effects model, was 31
To evaluate the cost-effectiveness of multiple myopia control interventions in managing myopia progression from a quality-of-life perspective. A Markov cohort model simulated myopia progression over 10 years in children starting treatment at 8 years of age. Cost-effectiveness was evaluated using the incremental cost-utility ratio (ICUR) and incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER), measured as cost per quality-adjusted life year (QALY) gained and cost per disability-adjusted life year (DALY) averted, respectively. Deterministic and probabilistic sensitivity analyses assessed model robustness. If an intervention exhibited sensitivity or instability, its cost-effectiveness cannot be determined conclusively within the range of parameter variations. In the QALY analysis, outdoor activity was strongly dominant (ICUR: CN ￥−2641 [US −371] per QALY). Highly aspherical lenslet spectacles (HALs) showed the most favourable ICUR among remaining interventions (CN ￥114,809 [US16,125]). Based on the expected values, all interventions except multifocal soft contact lenses (MSCLs), rigid gas permeable contact lenses (RGPCLs) and orthokeratology (OK) demonstrated cost‑effectiveness. However, the results for bifocal spectacle lenses (BSLs), progressive addition lenses and red‑light therapy exhibited instability. In the DALY analysis, outdoor activity remained dominant (saving CN ￥7953 [US 1117] per DALY averted). The expected value analysis revealed that outdoor activity and BSLs were the only cost-effective interventions. Meanwhile, bifocal and progressive addition spectacles and HALs showed sensitivity. From a QALY perspective, outdoor activity, 0.01
Inherited retinal diseases account for the leading cause of blindness amongst working-age adults in the United Kingdom. The approval of novel therapies for these diseases requires an understanding of how clinical measures of retinal function relate to self-perceived visual disability. This study investigates the association between visual function and quality-of-life in patients with inherited retinal disease, to identify meaningful health outcomes. A cross-sectional study (ISRCTN24016133) was conducted in patients with monogenic retinal disease. Vision-related and health-related quality-of-life were assessed using psychometrically validated questionnaires: Visual Function Questionnaire-25 (VFQ-25), Low Luminance Questionnaire (LLQ) and EuroQoL-5D-5L. Visual function measures included best-corrected visual acuity (VA) in ETDRS and Moorfields acuity chart (MAC) letters, low luminance VA (LLVA) and mesopic microperimetry. Twenty-five patients were recruited. The median age was 30 years (interquartile range 23–48) and 80 http://www.isrctn.org/) , 17 August 2022.
