The article presents materials on the species diversity of essential oil species of Turkestan semi-deserts flora. The ecological and coenotic patterns of their distribution are analyzed, the resources of promising essential oil plants are identified. Reserves of 10 essential oil-bearing species of Turkestan semi-deserts flora of the Republic of Kazakhstan are determined.
The purpose of the article is to analyze the dynamics of the life quality of patients with denture defect, with concomitant diseases of periodontitis on the basis of a comprehensive analysis and determine the use of a more appropriate treatment method of this pathology. In the analysis process, a survey was conducted among patients of the clinic. Based on the analysis results, conclusions were drawn that the life quality of patients after implantation made it possible to bring patients closer to practically healthy. It can be noted that the implantation method is more promising both for the life quality and for general well-being.
The article studies the capacity of two types of mustard to accumulate Pb from contaminated sierozem soils. The dependence between the degree of lead contamination of soil (from 150 to 550 mg/kg) and the intensity of its entry in the vegetative and generative organs of brown (Brassica Juncea L.) and white mustard (Sinapis Alba L.) have been thoroughly examined. It has been established that with an increase of Pb content in soil, there is increased content of this metal in organs of the above plants. The effect of vermicompost, sulfur- and perlite-containing waste and their mixtures, the lead behavior in the system of sierozem soil and mustard plants were studied. In conducted experiments, the following soil mass ratios were used: sulfur- and perlite-containing waste:vermicompost = 3:1:0.5. The introduction of vermicompost or its mixture with the sulfur- and perlite-containing waste into the contaminated soil helps to reduce the concentration of Pb, which passes into various plant organs. At the same time, the lead content in mustard organs decreases in the following order: the roots > leaves > stalks > grains. It was revealed that, despite the increased lead content in the soil (from 150 to 550 mg/kg of soil), its translocation amount in the grain portion of mustard does not exceed the standard maximum permissible concentration value for food products (MPC = 0.5 mg / kg).
In recent years, the chemical biology have attended significant progress in cyclo addition and cyclization reaction for synthesis many heterocyclic compounds, and here we reported one of the most utilized cofactor in cyclization reaction and discuss its function in most known synthesis reactions.
Introduction: Transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β) is a pleiotropic polypeptide member of the TGF-β superfamily of cytokines that has multicellular functions. Thalassemias are the most common genetic disorder worldwide. Severe forms are termed thalassemia major characterized by repeated blood transfusions with the elevation of iron levels and progressive multi-organ failure mainly involving endocrine glands and other major organs. It is common to find stunted growth in advanced cases especially among teenage patients. Ferritin is an iron-binding protein can store iron in a safe formula that reflects iron state; conversely, the free-iron concentrations can control intracellular ferritin levels. Serum ferritin is a valuable monitoring marker for iron-overload in thalassemias. This study is designed to assess the relationship of levels ferritin to the TGF-β1 in the sera of β-thalassemia patients and their association to growth retardation. Materials and methods: This is a cross-sectional study included 196 subjects; 147 children identified as β- thalassemia major and 49 healthy controls. The thalassemic patients were on consistent follow-up, had received repeated blood transfusions and on iron-chelation therapy. The forty-nine healthy control group were free of any blood disorders or growth abnormalities. The height, weight, and BMI of the studied groups were compared on both standards from WHO and CDC growth charts to evaluate their growth status. In accordance with their growth, the patients were stratified into three groups: those with mild growth impairment, stunted growth, and normal growth groups. Moreover, all subjects’ sera concentrations of both ferritin and TGF-β1 were evaluated. Results: The mean age showed no significant differences among the 4 groups. The male: female ratio, as well as BMI, were nearly the same amongst the study groups despite both height and weight were significantly differed between normal thalassemics and controls. There were no definite impression of gender on the distribution of ferritin and TGF-β1 individually among the involved subjects. There was a significant correlation of both mean serum ferritin and TGF-β1 mutually, with the four groups being higher in mild and stunted growth patients (2142 ng/ml & 271.3 pg/dl) and lower in normal thalassemics (1005 ng/ml & 76.9 pg/dl) and control group (60.6 ng/ml and 291.7 pg/dl) consequently. The mean ferritin and TGF-β1 levels were significantly correlated only among stunted thalassemics even with levels of ferritin higher than 1000ng/dl. The analysis of linear-regression revealed significant strength of the relationship between levels of ferritin with TGF-β1 in sera of mild and stunted growth patients, while there was a poor insignificant relationship in normal thalassemics and controls. The correlations of ferritin and TGF-β1 with height ZScore and weight ZScore were significant together in 1st and 2nd groups of thalassemia, on the other hand, it was insignificant among third and fourth groups apart from their correlation with height ZScore. Conclusions: 1-thalassemia with mild and stunted growth show higher serum levels of TGF-β1 and ferritin than normal thalassemia and healthy subjects. 2-Higher TGF-β1 levels in thalassemics might be an extraordinary cause of disturbing iron metabolism, expressed by elevated serum ferritin levels. 3- Higher TGF-β1 levels correlate well with growth stunting in thalassemic patients.
Milk mares of Aday breed Kazakh horses have an average live weight of 389.2 kg, a height at the withers of 139.2 cm, an obliquus body length of 142.1 cm, a chest girth of 167.6 cm and a pastern girth of 17.5 cm. In stud getters of Aday breed Kazakh horses, the live weight averaged 438.7 kg and in the Mangistau population 449.8 kg. The measurements of the body were 145.2 - 147.5 - 169.8 - 18.5 cm in the Aday breed, and in the Mangistau population, respectively, were 145.6 - 148.1 - 172.2 -18.5 cm. Mares of the Aday breed with an average live weight of 389.2 kg produce 1617.0 l, and the Mangistau population, respectively, 415.3 kg – 1413 l of milk. It was found that 2.5-year-old stallions of the Aday breed are characterized by a higher bone ratio in comparison with peers of the Mangistau population, the difference was 1.7%. On the contrary, the yield of flesh is lower in stallions of the Aday breed in comparison with the Mangistau population by 10.6 kg or 6.7%. So, for 1 kg of bones, the flesh was obtained from stallions of the Mangistau population of 5.76 kg, and Aday breed of 5.05 kg. The population-genetic structure of the Aday breed Kazakh horses shows the differentiation of the population as a whole. The total number of alleles found in 17 microsatellite loci was 122, including informative alleles - 122, effective alleles - 99.28, and private alleles - 0. Indicators of the average expected heterozygosity range from 0.7235 to 0.8695. According to the Fis coefficient (individual fixation index), an excess of heterozygotes was found in all loci. Expected heterozygosity is He =0.8677, observed heterozygosity is Ho =0.8600. The analysis of the studied parameters of the population-genetic structure of the Aday breed Kazakh horses confirmed the presence of intra-population differentiation of animals in the conditions of the Mangyshlak peninsula.
Social development in adolescence is one of the most challenging for adolescents because, in this phase, adolescents must be able to make social adjustments. This study aimed to determine the relationship of smartphone addiction with the social development of adolescents. This study used a quantitative design with a cross-sectional approach. The population of this study was 160 students using quota sampling. The independent variable was smartphone addiction, and the dependent variable was social development. Data collection was done by distributing questionnaires directly to respondents, then analyzed by the Spearman Rank Correlation test. The result of this research showed there was a correlation between smartphone addiction with social development (p = 0.000), the direction of the correlation (-0.333). This meant that the higher the value of smartphone addiction, the lower social development. Teens who use gadgets in excess will aggravate the development of social. Subsequent research is to pay attention to other factors that affect social development.
Background: Halothane is one of commonly inhalation anesthetic use in Iraq and the rest of the countries. Anesthetic is substance which reduce sensitivity to pain or is drug used to induce anesthesia that lead to temporary loss sensa-tion or awareness consciousness and which block only sensation of pain stimuli Aim of study : This study was requested by Iraqi ministry of health to focus on the side effects of halothane on the patients and health,a study was perform-ed to evaluate the effects of the halothane anesthetic waste to induced sister chromatid exchange (SCE) and micronuclei (MN) in peripheral lymphocytes and buccal cells respectively in operation room workers (ORWs). Material and Methods : SCE and MN,a sensitive measure of genotoxicity were counted SCE in peripheral blood lymphocytes and MN in buccal mucosa cells for 40 ORWs exposure to halothane gases waste and 20 healthy person as con-trol who had never works in operation room. Results : All of the ORWs exposure to halothane gases waste, have cells with SCE and MN frequencies, in analysis, ORWs was significantly increased SCE in ≥ 10 year and ≤ 5 year compared with control group with mean±SD (11.31± 0.9 and 7.67±0.33)respectively vs mean±SD (5.55±1.6), P Conclusion : The chromosome damage and genotoxicity are related to the ORWs daily exposure to halothane waste and may be increased by accumula-tive with duration of exposure to free radical and reactive oxygen species lead to damage in their cells of peripheral lymphocytes and buccal cells over time of work.
In this study we used an immunoassay technique to find an important protein detection, (VEGF) and Endostatin in the Iraqi breast tissues, among breast cancer groups. Study expression was shown in the cell cytoplasm and detected by IHC technique. used for the Vascular endothelial growth factor, the cytoplasm intensity staining and the number of the tumor cells are consider as positively expressed. if there is no stained cells the expression will be negative. The expression of the Vascular endothelial growth factor show positive results in 15 (45%) 19 (55%) cases were not expressed and consider as negative cases. The expression of endostatin marker was detected in the cell cytoplasm and the expression calculated using immunostaining technique based on the intensity reaction in the cytoplasm minimal and strong reaction staining, in 21 cases (87.1%) show positive expression and that’s represented endostatin over expression and theirs statistical significant difference (P value <0.001).
Present study aimed to characterization Pishdar shepherd dogs which is a native breed specified in Kurdistan- Iraq. For this purpose the RAPD markers were used to study genetic diversity among nine geographical locations in Suliamani governorate. A total of 74 samples were typed using twenty RAPD primers. Moreover, fourteen out of the twenty primers had clear bands. A total of 709 bands were scored, of which 57 bands (51.48%) were polymorphic and 15 of polymorphic band were unique bands. For all regions, Nei’s gene diversity, Shannon index, percentage of polymorphic loci and unique bands are in the range of 0.19 to 0.49, 0.34 to 0.68, 10 to 100, and 1 to 5, respectively. The UPGMA dendrograms showed three clusters, the 1st cluster branch consisted of the Sitak and Halabja, the 2nd cluster was include both of the Qala-Diza and Rania and the 3rd one included constitutes four sub-clumps the 1st branch consist of (Dokan and Suliamani) region, the 2nd branch harbored the Huwana region only. The 3rd one covers the Sangasar region. Finally, the 4th sub-cluster possesses the Pishdar group. The results indicated that impressive logical result, showed low genetic distance between the Dokan and Suliamani population, in addition to small genetic distance between Qala-Diza and Rania, and moderate genetic distance between Sitak and Halabja. Which means there was no genetic variation in between these populations according to the near geographical distance between these areas. Thus, the inbreeding mating among these areas records high value. Meanwhile, the Huwana, Sangasar and Pishdar sub-clusters population documented a moderate genetic distance between them. Nevertheless, the high genetic distance that recorded (56.13%) among the region’s population of Pishdar dog showed ample ground for mating within this breed in suliamani province.
Background: Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is most common in aging men and causes actual adverse effects on health. Recently the researches have suggested that metabolic syndrome (MetS) individuals’ may be exposure to development of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), this study aimed to evaluated the association between BPH and MetS. Methods: 66 men with BPH (43 without MetS and 23 with MetS) and 30 healthy individuals (as a control group) were included in this study. Sex hormones: Testosterone (T), Estradiol II (E2), Prolactin (PRL), luteinizing hormone (LH), Follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), and lipid profile were all evaluated. Results: There were significant decreasing (p 0.05) in BPH with MetS compared to without MetS. Conclusions: Our study confirmed on most the association between BPH and MetS related change in the sex hormones (DHT) and metabolic derangement in lipid profile.
In the world practice the production of a sweetener from the sweet sorghum was not widely spread, due to the non-commercial type of syrup, despite the excellent carbohydrate composition of the juice. In addition, the content of carbohydrates in the sweet sorghum juice are similar to honey, and if it is improperly processed and stored for a long time, can result in the formation of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural. The conducted researches were devoted to finding a method for producing sweet sorghum syrup in order to preserve its quality. The key indicator of the sorghum syrup quality after storage was the concentration in the syrup of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural. To obtain syrup from sweet sorghum juice, 4 different purification methods were used including various adsorbents and antioxidants, as well as a gentle evaporation regime (+58°C). Studies of the syrup chemical composition have shown that the accumulation of 5-hydroxyoxymethylfurfural is influenced by the production methods, the temperature and the storage time. It was found that the higher content of 5-hydroxyoxymethylfurfural is correlated with the stronger color, the lower density, as well as the viscosity of the syrup. It was found that the good quality syrup can be produced by processing according to the multistep scheme including the mechanical filtration of the juice, the hydrolysis with amylolytic enzymes, the centrifugation, the purification of the juice with an activated carbon, a treatment by chitosan, sucrose conversion by invertase and the evaporation. This processing option has the following advantages over others: insignificant accumulation of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural during storage and the prevention of sucrose crystallization.
The functional properties of whey based products can be improved by introducing herbal ingredients into their composition. This combination regulates the content of vitamins, carbohydrates, minerals and dietary fiber in foods. The use of biologically active compounds obtained from plant materials, including medicinal plants, is a promising direction in manufacturing therapeutic, prophylactic and functional products.
The objectives of the study. This article substantiates the scientific and methodological approach to accounting for informal assets in the course of valuation procedures. Methodology and research. As part of the study of the process of identifying and accounting for informal assets in the course of assessing the value of a company, the transformation of the concept of “asset” has been investigated. The authors considered the regulatory framework of the concept of an asset, and also analyzed the possibility of accounting for valuation activities (and other analytical procedures) of informal assets, that is, assets that do not have all the formal qualifications of assets. As part of informal assets, hidden, imaginary and probabilistic assets, as well as economic analogues of assets, are considered. The authors also examined in detail the features of accounting and valuation of assets, the alienation of which from the organization is impossible or unlikely. Results. As a result of the analysis in this article, it was proved that there are assets that are not reflected in accounting, but ultimately affect the value of the company. Such assets cannot be entered into accounting and reflected in the accounting (financial) statements, as they do not meet qualification requirements, at the same time, assets that are unreasonably reflected there due to an error or due to the loss of assets qualification features. These assets are identified by the authors as informal. The authors proposed a scientific and methodological approach to identifying, classifying and assessing the value of informal assets held by companies.
Background: Hemodialysis has been taken a major role in prolonging survive of patient with end stage renal disease (ESRD) patient. The efficacy of hemodialysis may be improved by using the difference flux dialysis membranes and blood flow rates by considering their difference complications. This study aimed to know the assess dialysis adequacy in difference blood flow rates and low and high flux membranes. Subject and materials: The research method adopted for the study was a quasi-experimental design. The researchers selected 96 hemodialysis sessions from different patients. Two difference filters were used, and BFRs have been arranged from 200ml/min, 250ml/min, and 300ml/min. The clinical signs of the patient status were assessed and monitored during dialysis. Dialysis adequacy for difference flow rates were measured based on normalized treatment ratio (Kt/V) and urea reduction rate (URR). Results: Over 58 of participants were male, with the overall mean age was (51.40±13.64). Mean Kt/V (1.31±0.43) and URR (55.09±11.68) were significantly high among female, the statistical value (P. value=0.026). The high Kt/v was seen in blood flow rate 300ml/min in low flux and high flux dialysis membranes, means was 1.33±0.35, and 1.54±0.47. Similarly, high URR was seen 300ml/min blood flow rates in high flux dialysis membrane, 64.57±6.82. Statistical difference was (p. value=0.000). The high significant Kt/V and URR were seen in dry weight patient (P. value= 0.016 and 0.021 respectively). Over (33%) of patient was developed complication during dialysis, the most frequent complications were hypotension (10%) and weakness (9%). Conclusion: dialysis adequacy is most associated with high blood flow rate with using high flux dialysis membrane. Less percentage complications have seen among dialysis patients in this study.
Waiting time in the provision time of hospital medical record documents remains to be an issue to be solved. This study aimed to analyze the long-time provision for outpatient medical records based on the theory of constraints (TOC). An observational study with cross-sectional design used the TOC method. The constraint was found in the process of medical record document provision, the longest average time on the process of provision of outpatient medical records document was the medical record document examination process with an average of 48.91 minutes, and a total time of provision of medical record document was 54.86 minutes. The TOC considers a problem as an opening way for the rest of the system to be managed. An overall management system in accordance with the constraints on the system would reach a steady groove.
Tuberculosis is an infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. The transmission of pulmonary Tuberculosis can be caused by poor patient behavior. This behavior is influenced by the TB client’s low level of knowledge about Tuberculosis and how to prevent transmission. This study aims to analyze the effect of health education through brainstorming and booklets on client behavior in preventing TB transmission. The population in this study were tuberculosis patents recorded from January to March 2017 with a sample of 30 respondents. The sampling technique of this study was purposive sampling. The independent variable of this research was health education through brainstorming and booklets method. The dependent variable of this study was the client’s behavior in preventing tuberculosis transmission. The data collection used questionnaires and analyzed using the Wilcoxon rank test and Mann Whitney with significance α=0.05. Wilcoxon’s statistical test results in the treatment group showed the influence of health education on knowledge (p=0.001), attitudes (p=0.001), and actions (0.001). The results of the Mann Whitney statistical test after the intervention showed a significant effect on the application of brainstorming and booklets on client knowledge (p=0.000), attitudes (0.000), and actions (0.000). This study concluded that health education through brainstorming and booklets could improve the client’s knowledge, attitudes, and actions in preventing pulmonary tuberculosis transmission. Health education through brainstorming and booklets become an alternative method of health education in preventing TB transmission.
Calloselasma rhodostoma (Kuhl, 1824) is one species of Indonesian medically important snake that distributed in many Indonesia regions. With the recent snakebite cases of this snake and warrant of further improvement on anti-venin in Indonesia, the information on storage conditions for its venom is important for developing an anti-venin. The genetic identity that possibly holds a cryptic diversity that has not been resolved, could impact the future of anti-venin development of this species. We analyze the molecular data based on the ND4 gene to resolve the genetic relations of this snake from Java, Kangean, and Borneo population with the addition of the Thailand population by Bayesian Inference phylogenetic reconstruction. To evaluate the storage conditions, venom collection from six living specimens from the Java population was used to analyze the effect of svPLA2 activity under different storage conditions for 14 days long. The phylogenetic results show a polytomy tree, with a low p-distance value between populations. Only the storage at 37 oC affects the performance of svPLA2 significantly. The phylogenetic indicating a single species even though divided by geographical barriers, more genes need to be compared to resolve the genetic relationship. More samples are needed to compare the venom properties throughout C. rhodostoma wide distribution, to enlight the anti-venin future development.
Background: The GFP gene is commonly used in biotechnology and is used as an indicator. Chicken embryos are also the most important experimental animals used in modern research for easy access to embryos, as well as easy gene injection at an early stage. Study design: Study of the influence of genetic engineering manipulations on the histological and morphometric parameters of organs and tissues of chicken embryos. Methods: We took the three groups: - Normal (H), Transgenic (G) and Crossbred (HxG). Research stage was divided into two parts: The first step was to study the internal and external characteristics of the eggs. At the second stage, morphological and histological changes in organs and tissues in embryos were studied. Results: The incubation eggs of the studied genotypes met the regulatory requirements for morphometric indicators of egg quality. Eggs from transgenic chickens (group 2) had statistically significantly lower values of the quality index of dense protein - units of Hough. Compared to the eggs of the 1st and 3rd groups, the difference was 4.8 and 3.6 Hau units, respectively (P≥0.95). On the 14th day of incubation, the embryos of the 1st and 3rd groups were statistically significantly superior the weight of group 2 embryos was 17.4% and 13.5%, respectively (P≥0.95). By day 18, differences in the weight of the embryos persist. Embryos from eggs from genetically modified chickens (group 2) on the 18th day of incubation had the smallest absolute values according to linear indices of individual parts of the body. Genetic engineering manipulations affect the morphology of the internal organs of embryos. Embryos of the 2nd group of 18 days of age have a heart mass of 7.6 and 5.7% more than peers from the 1st and 3rd groups, and liver mass is 13.0 and 19.3% less, respectively. the mass of the stomach is 4.4 and 20.8% less, respectively (P≥0.95). In group 2 embryos, the number of convoluted seminiferous tubules in the field of view of the microscope is 1.7 and 1.5 times less compared to groups 1 and 2 (P≥0.95). Conclusions Genetic manipulations significantly reduce almost all morphological and histological parameters in group 2 embryos and cause negative consequences in the development of chicken embryos.
The article sets the task to consider the effectiveness of Holter monitoring during electrocardiographic monitoring of the state of the heart as a pivot factor in the functional state of the body during specific treatment of patients with cervical cancer. As a result, the authors prove that Holter monitoring of myocardial bioelectrical activity in the treatment of cervical cancer can detect heart rhythm disturbance both in individuals being examined according to indications, and in patients who had no indications for electrocardiographic monitoring at more early stages of the examination. Based on this, using Holter electrocardiographic monitoring as a mandatory test is advisable to ensure proper monitoring of the myocardium in patients with cervical cancer.
