This study examines how teachers' perceived social environment shapes innovative behavior through knowledge-sharing processes conditioned by their psychological capital. Using a non-experimental cross-sectional design (N=104 teachers from both higher and pre-university institutions), we tested a moderated mediation model. Findings indicate an inconsistent mediation: while a supportive environment promotes knowledge sharing, its direct effect on innovative behavior is negative unless buffered by high psychological capital. Thus, psychological capital emerges as a critical personal resource mitigating cultural constraints and enabling innovativeness in educational settings. These results highlight the importance of strengthening psychological resources alongside social and organizational ones to foster teacher innovation. Practical implications for human resource management and teacher professional development in HE are discussed.
Limited studies investigated the role of unrealistic optimism on positive and negative events in the academic context. Further, explanatory mechanism for these relations were not previously addressed in the literature. The present study evaluated how unrealistic optimism regarding positive and negative events was related to academic achievement, and whether educational aspirations and expectations might play a mediating role on these relations. A sample of 127 Romanian university students (M-age=19.86, 81% female) completed scales assessing unrealistic optimism on positive and negative academic events, educational aspirations and expectations two weeks before the exam period. The grades were collected from the university's register two months later, at the end of the exam period. The results indicated that the effects of unrealistic optimism on positive and negative events on academic achievement over time was mediated by educational expectations. These findings suggest that undergraduate students' tendency to overestimate future positive events or to underestimate future negative events had implications of their assessments of future educational outcomes, which further impact on their academic achievement over time.
Despite significant advances in the treatment of intracranial aneurysms (IA), posttreatment care remains a multidimensional challenge. While neurological and physical outcomes are generally favourable, psychological, emotional, and social aspects are frequently overlooked. Nearly 23% of surviving patients report symptoms such as depression, anxiety, cognitive decline, and mental fatigue, which negatively impact follow-up adherence. Contributing factors include limited interdisciplinary collaboration, inadequate understanding of post-treatment recommendations, and restricted access to medical services. Studies emphasize that psychoeducational interventions can improve patient engagement, but their success also relies on medical staff training in empathetic communication and emotional support. Simultaneously, the absence of a standardized international imaging protocol complicates clinical decisionmaking and exacerbates patient uncertainty. Magnetic Resonance Vessel Wall Imaging at 3 Tesla (MR-VWI 3T) has emerged as a promising tool for high-resolution assessment of aneurysm wall integrity and inflammation, offering potential for individualized follow-up strategies. A systematic literature mini-review highlights its utility in identifying unstable aneurysms post-endovascular treatment. In this context, integrating lead to more effective, personalized, and patient-centered follow-up care. Further research is needed to validate these approaches and establish new standards in IA management.
This study aimed to differentiate love trauma from prolonged grief following romantic relationship dissolution by identifying their common and distinct predictors. Using a cross-sectional design, we examined sociodemographic/relational factors and constructs like infidelity, intrusive thoughts, relationship satisfaction, breakup intention, conflict, and trust. Factor analyses confirmed instrument validity. Multiple regressions identified predictors, and path analysis explored mediating relationships. Analyses yielded well-fitting measurement models. Common predictors for both conditions included time since break-up, suffering, recovery time, relationship dissatisfaction, intrusive thoughts, and conflict. Distinct predictors were relational status, breakup experience, and breakup intention for love trauma, and age and the breakup's initiator for prolonged grief. Path analysis revealed that dissatisfaction with one's romantic life fully mediated the relationship between breakup intention and conflict with both outcomes. Intrusive thoughts had both direct and indirect effects, mediated by relationship dissatisfaction. The findings clarify the shared and unique mechanisms of love trauma and prolonged grief, underscoring the central mediating role of relationship dissatisfaction. This provides a framework for better understanding and addressing post-relationship emotional distress.
This study explores how self-expansion - the integration of a partner's traits into one's self-concept - mediates the link between attachment dimensions and infidelity in romantic partnerships. The research involved 110 men in committed relationships who completed an online survey. Self-expansion was measured using the SelfExpansion Questionnaire (SEQ) and the Inclusion of Other in the Self (IOS) Scale; infidelity was evaluated with the Scale for Examining Motives for Infidelity in Romantic Relationships, which comprises two subscales addressing emotional and sexual infidelity. Attachment was measured using a modified version of Brennan's Inventory of Close Relationship Experiences. The findings indicate a significant association between attachment dimensions and the motivation for infidelity, with anxious attachment more strongly linked to emotional infidelity and avoidant attachment to sexual infidelity, while self-expansion partially mediates this relationship, suggesting that insufficient opportunities for personal growth within the primary relationship may lead individuals to seek novel experiences through extradyadic involvement. These findings suggest that the extent to which partners feel psychologically included in each other's self-concept may influence fidelity outcomes, with potential implications for relationship counseling and intervention strategies.
Vocational interests are often seen as trait-like preferences for work-related activities, with individuals trying to develop a congruence between their interests and workplace characteristics. A profile of the vocational interests at the beginning of the vocational educational training (7th and 8th grade) and its predictors should be valuable for research and social and educational policies. The main objective of this research was to examine whether certain groups of demographic characteristics predict the six personality types described by Holland. Two samples of 7th- and 8th-grade students were employed for the analyses (N=237; N=110). It was found that Realistic personality is predicted by masculine gender, while females tend to exhibit more Social personality features. The number of family members was a significant positive predictor of Realistic personality. The number of foreign languages spoken negatively predicted Realistic and Social personalities. The father's income negatively predicted the Enterprising personality features. The present findings argue in favor of integrating and emphasizing the demographic characteristics of adolescents in the evaluation of their vocational interest profiles. Future studies should consider objective measures of the socialdemographic characteristics (instead of self-reported), as well as different analysis methods (such as latent modeling) to support larger sets of predictors.
The integration of artificial intelligence (AI) into education requires more than technical proficiency-it demands a motivational architecture that sustains continuous learning and adaptation among teachers. This study examines how six dimensions of work motivation, as measured by the Multidimensional Work Motivation Scale (MWMS), interconnect within teachers' engagement in AI literacy and digital pedagogy. Participants (N=440) were instructed to reflect on their work motivation specifically in relation to training courses they had attended on AI literacy and digital pedagogy, as well as their efforts to integrate these competencies into their teaching practice. Using network analysis, we modelled the associations among amotivation, extrinsic regulation (social and material), introjected regulation, identified regulation, and intrinsic motivation. The resulting network revealed a moderately sparse structure (sparsity=0.40) with strong links between identified and intrinsic motivation, and between introjected and identified regulation, suggesting a self-determined motivational cluster. Centrality indices highlighted identified regulation as the most influential node (high strength and expected influence), indicating that perceiving AI integration as personally meaningful may act as a motivational hub for teachers' professional learning. Conversely, amotivation displayed negative strength and expected influence, reflecting its isolating role in the motivational ecosystem. The clustering patterns further differentiated autonomous versus controlled forms of motivation, emphasizing the transition from external incentives toward internalized and autonomous engagement in AI professional development. These findings provide empirical insight into how motivational dynamics shape educators' readiness for digital transformation and can inform the design of motivation-sensitive frameworks in AI teacher training programs.
Teacher-student rapport is one of the important factors in the classroom setting that promotes learning in higher education. Our study examined the predictive value of teacher-student rapport in higher education on students' knowledge, measured as self-perceived knowledge and final grade in the target teacher's course. Our sample consisted of 1682 students attending classes of 50 teachers from three Slovene public universities. The results showed that the quality of teacher-student rapport, as perceived by the latter, statistically significantly contributed to the prediction of the quality of the knowledge acquired, as rated by the students, but not to the prediction of the measure of knowledge delivered by the teacher, i.e., the student's grade achieved in the target teacher's course. Rapport seems to be one of the essential factors for knowledge, as assessed by the students themselves, but not for knowledge as assessed by the teachers. Such a teacher-student relationship is likely an important factor in learning, as it supports, encourages, and helps students integrate new information into their existing knowledge and past experiences. We conclude the paper by examining the implications the on teachers utilise to cultivate with students.
Children's exposure to online risks is influenced by multiple individual and contextual factors. Secure child-parent attachments contribute to preventing risky behavior on social media through the establishment of a foundation of trust, open communication, and the creation and respect of safe boundaries. Parental mediation focuses on monitoring internet safety, setting rules for online behavior, and utilizing various technical restrictions. This study examines how parental attachment and parental mediation contribute to the prediction of children's risky behavior on social media. A multiple linear regression model was used to test the relationship. The first regression model, including dimensions of parental attachment, explained 22% of the variance in risky online behavior. The second model, which additionally included forms of parental mediation, explained 28% of the variance, These findings suggest that the quality of parent-child attachment, particularly trust and emotional connectedness, plays a more critical role in reducing adolescents' online risk-taking than direct parental monitoring strategies. These findings underscore the importance of strengthening parent-child attachment and active parental mediation to promote safer online experiences for adolescents. Implications for family-based prevention and social work practice are discussed.
Friendships provide emotional and social support in adolescence, which can help mitigate the negative effects of parenting. This cross-sectional study examined the association between parenting behaviors and adolescent loneliness, with a focus on the moderating role offriendship functions. The research involved 952 junior and senior high school students in Greece (466 girls, 486 boys; Mage=15.71, SD=1.52) selected through stratified random sampling. The study utilized the UCLA Loneliness Scale (Version 3), the EMBU-C for assessing parenting behaviors, and the McGill Friendship Questionnaire-Friendship Function. Regression analyses indicated that both paternal rejection (beta = 0. 36, p<.001) and maternal rejection (beta = 0. 33, p<.001) were significant predictors of adolescent loneliness. Moderation analyses (PROCESS, Model 1) indicated that two friendship functions-reliable alliance and emotional security-moderated the impact of parental rejection on loneliness, with higher-quality friendships associated with lower levels of loneliness. Findings emphasize the negative impact of parental rejection on adolescent well-being and underscore the importance of supportive friendships. Implications for school-based interventions to strengthen supportive peer relationships are discussed.
With the current prevalence of smartphones, adolescents are increasingly exposed to both benefits and risks of their use. While much of the existing research has focused on the academic effects of smartphone use, less attention is given to its' broader impacts on adolescents' overall wellbeing. This scoping review synthesises current evidence exploring the link between smartphone use and adolescents' wellbeing. Guided by Arksey and O'Malley's five-step framework, the Joanna Briggs Institute's manual for evidence synthesis, and the PRISMA-ScR checklist, this study identified and screened 230 articles from three electronic databases. Eighteen eligible studies originating from nine countries and employing diverse methodological approaches were thematically categorised according to the domains of wellbeing. Seven studies focused on mental health, while five studies each examined physical, emotional, and social aspects of adolescent wellbeing, illustrating the multifaceted impact of smartphone use. The findings indicate that excessive or unregulated use of smartphones is associated with a sleep disturbances, substance use, low self-esteem and self-worth, social anxiety, peer relationship challenges and feelings of loneliness. This study highlights the need for evidence-informed interventions to promote adolescents' awareness of healthy use of smartphones and to support their holistic wellbeing.
Dopamine is a neurotransmitter with a modulatory role, a precursor of noradrenaline. Dopaminergic pathways originate in the ventral tegmental area, the substantia nigra in the midbrain and the hypothalamus. The four most important dopaminergic pathways are nigrostriatal, mesolimbic, mesocortical and tuberoinfundibular. The purpose of this article is to highlight the importance of functional neuroanatomy in understanding dopaminergic pathways and their dysfunctions in the appearance of psychotic symptoms, the mechanisms of action of antipsychotic drugs and their adverse effects. Typical neuroleptics exert their effect on the positive symptomatology of schizophrenia by blocking dopamine receptors. Blocking dopamine through the mesolimbic pathway has an antipsychotic effect, but through the mesocortical pathway accentuates negative symptoms and cognitive deficits. Amenorrhea-galactorrhea syndrome is generated by dopamine blockade through the tuberoinfundibular pathway, and extrapyramidal syndrome is caused by blockade of the nigrostriatal pathway. Typical neuroleptics act non-selectively, in all circuits, with multiple side effects (extrapyramidal, worsening of negative symptoms, hyperprolactinemia). Atypical antipsychotics, through double serotoninergic and dopaminergic antagonism, have a lower risk of producing this type of side effects.
Obstructive Sleep Apnea is widelyrecognized forits significant comorbidity with various psychiatric illnesses, including mood and anxiety disorders. This review aims to synthesize existing literature on the impact of Continuous Positive Airway Pressure (CPAP) on psychiatric symptoms in OSA patients from an interdisciplinary perspective. Such a synthesis is critical because the overlap of symptoms between OSA and psychiatric disorders often leads to diagnostic challenges and potentially suboptimal treatment outcomes. Continuous Positive Airway Pressure therapy, while primarily a treatment for the physiological symptoms of OSA, has demonstrated significant efficacy in mitigating many of the associated psychiatric symptoms. By restoring normal breathing patterns during sleep, Psychiatric clinicians are uniquely positioned to identify many patients with OSA, given its high prevalence within psychiatric populations, and their role extends beyond diagnosing and managing primary psychiatric conditions. Pulmonologists and sleep medicine specialists are central to diagnosing and managing OSA, typically initiating and CPAP therapy. Primary care physicians play a pivotal role in the early identification and screening for both OSA symptoms and psychiatric comorbidities, showing vigilance for risk factors. Clinical psychologists and sleep psychologists offer vital behavioral interventions, such as Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Insomnia when insomnia is comorbid with OSA, and provide essential support for CPAP adherence, addressing psychological barriers to treatment, and enhancing coping skills. In conclusion, interdisciplinary has a critical importance of comprehensive assessment and management, involving close collaboration among sleep specialists, psychiatrists, psychologists, and primary care providers.
Body appreciation is an essential protective factor against negative psychosocial influences that can affect self-image perception among young people. The objective of this study was to identify the main predictors of self-image among young Romanians adults. The research included a sample of111 participants aged between 18 and 33, and the variables investigated were: age, gender, marital status, self-esteem, and dieting beliefes. Regression analyses highlighted an increase in body appreciation with age, partially confirming the hypothesis. However, self-esteem proved to be the strongest predictor of body appreciation, while the other variables did not show significant relationships with it. The results suggest that the dynamics of body image among young Romanians may be influenced by specific cultural factors, as well as by possible social transition processes aimed at redefining body perception.
The aim of the present research was to study life satisfaction in a group of 445 students of the University of Oradea. They came from three different fields/specializations. The study aimed at the statistical evaluation at a comparative level through the independent t-test and analysis of variance (ANOVA) of the differences between distinct groups (classifier variables) in terms of life satisfaction. At the same time, we chose five anthropometric health indicators (BMI, WHtR, BRI, CI, and AVI) that we compared according to the gender of the participants. Subsequent comparisons were implemented according to specialization to identify gender differences in life satisfaction. Life satisfaction was statistically analyzed from the perspective of the influence on biological indicators (BMI, WHtR, BRI, CI, and AVI) in the three academic specialization groups studied. At the same time, we analyzed to what extent the selected anthropometric health indicators are predictors of weight (the dependent variable) in both men and women. The results obtained are important. Regarding life satisfaction, comparisons by gender in biomedical specializations and, respectively, computer science and engineering do not indicate significant differences, while in the social sciences specialization and physiotherapy, women present significantly higher averages compared to men and, implicitly, more efficient coping mechanisms. By calculating the magnitude of the effect of predictors on weight, we were able to show the importance of their association. Thus, their relevance being in order: BMI, CI, WHtR, and BRI.
The relationship between adverse childhood experiences (ACEs), life history, aggressive behaviour, and emotional regulation has been explored extensively, but the moderating role of personality in these dynamics remains insufficiently understood. Hence, the primary aim of this study is to investigate the effects of childhood sexual abuse (CSA) on aggression, emotion regulation, and personality traits in a sample of Portuguese adults. This is a cross-sectional study including 609 individuals of Portuguese descent who are 18 years old or older who were assessed through an online data collection approach. The variables under scrutiny were assessed by the Impulsive and Premeditated Aggression Questionnaire, the Emotional Regulation Difficulties Scale, the NEO-Five Factor significantly predicts aggressive behaviour (16.7%) and emotion dysregulation (9.5%), with higher levels observed in individuals exposed to CSA, especially men. Additionally, CSA correlates with neuroticism (3.1%) and psychopathy traits like disinhibition (13.7%) and meanness (13.4%), though not boldness. Gender differences indicate that neurotic ism is higher in men, while women show greater openness and conscientiousness. The and behaviours due to emotional and social disruptions. Also, psychopathic traits mediate the relationship between ACEs and adult aggression through several pathways, and emotional regulation through its influence on impulsivity, risk-taking, emotional stability, and coping mechanisms.
This article will cover key risk factors associated with severe adverse outcomes in neonatal care, as well as the extent of their effects and potential interventions. The neonatal period represents the most critical phase for a childs' survival. To decrease neonatal mortality, it is crucial to ensure skilled care at birth, including, provide highquality care for newborns, and administer postnatal care along with prompt treatment. Preterm birth exposes babies to an environment outside the uterus while their organs are still immature, requiring adaptation to a challenging environment. All studies indicate that a mother's own milk is the best option for these vulnerable babies. Mothers of premature infants should use individual pumps to express their milk, and lactation consultants should educate them on the importance of breast milk and strategies to increase its quantity. Additionally, the industry needs to be encouraged to identify ways to reduce the costs of human milk-derived fortifiers. The measures taken to reduce the risk of retinopathy are similar to those that improve the neurological outcomes of preterm babies. Rigorous control of oxygen therapy, breastfeeding, prevention of infections, and the establishment of treatment protocols for infections in pregnant women can enhance the survival and outcomes of these newborns. In summary, adverse outcomes in neonatal care can be minimized by promoting breastfeeding, breastfeeding courses for the mothers, enhancing diagnostic abilities of neonatologists, and improving the quality of neonatal care.
This study explored the psychological predictors of perceived stress among in-service teachers from West Romania using a Decision Tree Regression model. A total of 127 participants completed validated self-report instruments measuring emotion regulation (cognitive reappraisal and expressive suppression), perceived social support, and general self-efficacy. The results revealed that age was the most influential predictor, followed by general self-efficacy, suppression, social support, and reappraisal. The regression model accounted for 17.3% of the variance in perceived stress and uncovered non-linear interactions among psychological variables. Specifically, younger teachers with low self-efficacy and high suppression scores exhibited higher predicted stress, whereas older teachers using cognitive reappraisal reported lower stress levels. While the overall predictive accuracy was moderate, the findings support the use of machine learning approaches to identify psychologically distinct profiles of stress vulnerability. These results have implications for the development of targeted interventions aimed at enhancing teachers' emotional and cognitive coping resources.
The main objective of this study is to identify relevant predictors that may influence the estimation of psychiatric dangerousness in the forensic field in order to highlight the important role of the IPPML in specialists' decisions regarding psychiatric dangerousness and the Covid-19 influences. Psychiatry and forensic medicine are medical specialties for the protection of public health, having a preventive character and combating aspects of psychopathology, sociopathology and medico-legal issues. In this prospective study, 261 patients from the Psychiatric and Security Measures Hospital, & Scedil;tei, between november 2021-december 2023. Statistical differences between the estimates was provided based on the regression equation compared to the average results in the case of the experimental group [F(7, 125)=12.891; p<.001] and the control group [F(6, 134)=134.967; p<.001]. The coefficient of multiple determination that represents the percentage of IPPML explained by the joint action of the aforementioned predictors is equal to R2=.433 in the case of the experimental group, the coefficient of multiple determination R2=.929 indicates that the variables contribute 92.9% to the dispersion offorensic psychiatric dangerousness in these research participants. Psychometric instruments used in forensic psychiatry assess the risk of recidivism and dangerousness, playing a crucial role because they directly influence therapeutic and security measures for individuals undergoing psychiatric evaluations. Aggression, anger expression, psychiatric history, discernment, number of hospitalizations, living conditions and alcohol consumption are important dimensions in estimating the evolution of psychiatric dangerousness with medico-legal implications.
Juvenile offenders with Developmental Language Disorders often lack the right words to express their thoughts and feelings, pose serious social challenges and their behaviour is often misinterpreted, they are seen as defiant or low commitment persons. The challenges in this area are wide-ranging and, in the long term, can also make it difficult for them to integrate successfully into society after serving their sentence. Dealing with the problem can help us understand what may underlie the development of developmental language disorders and how to successfully address the problems that arise, so the long-term impact of studying the topic is unquestionable. Emphasis should be placed on the psychological difficulties that arise, as research has shown that young people with DLD have higher levels of mental health problems, self-harm and drug use. We have collected several suggestions and good practices that should be widely applied. As implications we can highlight that the key is to diagnose at an earlier age, using effective screening procedures for reading comprehension, and to address any mental health problems that may arise. The development of literacy and oral and written language skills in juvenile offenders is essential to prevent further offending, and SLPs are therefore much needed in correctional facilities. Addressing this issue properly, and providing professional support for these adolescences, is of utmost importance for the functioning of society, because it would ensure that these young people become valuable members of society and do not become involved in crime as adults.
