This work analyzes the representation of women and femininity in contemporary Spanish wine labeling. The research motivation is the wine industry's efforts to promote wine consumption among women, who are seen as a new market segment to boost sales. Starting from a culturally patriarchal context, this work aims to determine whether current discursive strategies perpetuate stereotypes or, conversely, advocate for the female empowerment. To this end, the study is founded on the theoretical frameworks of critical discourse analysis (CDA) and visual grammar. Based on these premises, an analysis chart was created. Then, applied to a representative, monolingual corpus made up of current Spanish wine labels. Subsequently, the corpus is analyzed to establish how women and the feminine is represented in wine labeling and what degree of prominence they are granted. The findings reveal that patriarchal discourse remains predominant. However, the industry's incorporation of women is primarily executed through marketing strategies that rely on stereotyping. The study concludes that while women have gained visibility on wine labels, this is largely motivated by marketing objectives rather than a substantive ideological shift within the sector. Therefore, the current landscape cannot yet be described as one of genuine female empowerment.
This paper aims to provide a succinct review of the literature on feminist translation, focusing on issues related to identity, gender, language, legislation, and legal translation. It seeks to apply the most significant aspects of gender—both linguistically and legally—to the actual practice of the profession. To achieve this, a corpus of Spanish texts will be compiled to facilitate a linguistic study of official regulatory documents. This will serve as the basis for translating a German legal text from a gender perspective. Through this approach, we will present a series of examples and strategies designed to promote the practice of legal translation using a more inclusive language.
This article examines the figure of Carmenta, identified by Giovanni Boccaccio in De mulieribus claris as the first female linguist in the Western world and the inventor of the Latin alphabet. Through an analysis of biography XXVII, “De Nycostrata seu Carmenta,” it explores the classical and humanist sources underlying her depiction, as well as the text's structure and purpose. The study shows how Boccaccio, by attributing the creation of Latin writing to a woman, offers an innovative vision of the feminine role in culture and knowledge. Carmenta thus emerges as a symbol of female intellectual power within early humanism and as a paradigm of creative autonomy that challenges gender constraints in medieval literary and historiographical traditions.
This article aims to contribute to the redefinition of the landscape of translation in eighteenth-century Spain by underlining the relevance of female historical figures such as María Lorenza de los Ríos in the promotion of scientific and social advances through translation. Specifically, this paper analyses the terminology and translation techniques used by María Lorenza de los Ríos y Loyo, Marquesa de Fuerte-Híjar, in her work Noticia de la vida y obras del Conde de Rumford. This article introduces the achievements of Benjamin Thompson, known as the Earl of Rumford, in Bavaria and his impact on Enlightenment science and technology. This is followed by a second part detailing the historical and cultural context of De los Ríos' translation, emphasising the lack of recognition of women translators in the historiography. The third section of the work describes the main problems and errors in the translation, as well as the techniques used to solve them, and identifies the translation method used by De los Ríos. Finally, the contribution of translation to the improvement of Spanish society through the incorporation of foreign ideas is highlighted.
This article analyses the visibility of translation and of female translators in Revista de Occidente during the Spanish Second Republic (1931-1936), a period of cultural modernisation in Spain and significant advances in women's emancipation. The main objective is to examine the extent to which translation—and specifically women translators—were present and acknowledged in one of the most influential cultural journals of the time. To this end, a qualitative and quantitative study has been conducted—drawing on historiographical, sociological, and gender perspectives within Translation Studies—of the 156 volumes published during this period, compiling and classifying data from translations, reviews, and paratexts related to translation. The results reveal a widespread invisibility, highlighting that Revista de Occidente, despite its international and modernising vocation, largely perpetuated the invisibility of translation and of women translators.
In this research, a translation analysis of Northanger Abbey, a novel written by Jane Austen and translated by Isabel Oyarzábal in 1921, is performed. The main objective is to analyze the target text in order to examine its translation characteristics and highlight the work of the translator in a context marked by androcentric dominance. In this regard, the aim is to contribute to the incorporation of studies from a gender perspective in the field of translation. Thus, the conventional translation techniques of Hurtado Albir (2001) are studied. In this way, it is shown how the female translator defends her ideology by adapting the source text to another language and, consequently, to another culture and another specific public.
Janet Hunter Perry was a significant figure in British hispanism in the first half of the twentieth century. A student of James Fitzmaurice-Kelly, Perry was the first woman to hold a lectureship in Spanish studies at the University of London (1921-1944). To the research work of this medievalist, known for her critical edition of the Diálogo de la Lengua by Juan de Valdés (1927) and, above all, for her study on Spanish versification, The Harrap's Anthology of Spanish Verse (1953), we must add her work as a translator, diverse although little known since many of her works were not published or were published posthumously. This article seeks to unveil Perry's contribution to the development of Hispanic studies in the United Kingdom through her work as a translator. We emphasize the diversity of her output in this field and the approaches that characterize her methodology. To this end, we focus on the analysis and particularities of her best-known translation, The Poem of the Cid (1975), as well as some poems by Rosalía de Castro. We approach this study from the theoretical foundation of literary translation, adopting a feminist (Gehmacher, 2024; Chamberlain, 2012) and postcolonial perspective (Appiah, 2021). We also consider pragmatic and reception aspects (Derrida, 1998), which situate the measurement of translation within the analysis of extralinguistic factors, beyond the meaning of words.
This article analyses the extralinguistic ideology relating to the representation of women in a corpus of four Spanish grammars published in the second half of the 19th century, through examples. The theoretical and methodological basis of the work stems from the communicative-pragmatic modelling of the historiographical fact, which allows for the combination of linguistic and contextual data, and from the consideration of the grammatical text as a carrier and transmitter of linguistic ideology. To achieve the proposed objective, microtexts relating to women and men are studied contrastively, focusing on three forms of expression of ideology—references, statements and absences—from a quantitative and qualitative perspective, specifically data from common nouns, proper nouns and adjectives. The results of the analysis are as follows: 1) there are a greater number of male references, 2) identifiable historical figures are exclusively male, 3) women are presented through family roles, in the private sphere and not in the public or work sphere, and 4) women's attributes are scarce and mostly positive and related to moral virtues. The conclusions reached demonstrate the homogeneity in the portrayal of women by the treatise writers, but also the variability between them, both in terms of quantity and the elements used for their exposition.
While the participation of women in the processes related to knowledge generation has been widely analysed from different disciplines, there are still few bibliometric studies on this topic in the field of translation. This paper analyzes the role of women in scientific production in the field of translation among Spanish journals included in the Emerging Sources Citation Index (ESCI) of the Web of Science (WoS) between 2005 and 2024. A corpora of 2487 documents from 41 journals was examined to identify production patterns by author, year and institution, as well as team composition, degree of collaboration and author position in terms of leadership. The results show a predominance of single authorship and a growing predominance of women in the field, as women lead a higher proportion of articles and, within co-authorship, mixed or all-female teams are more frequent than male-only teams.
This study investigates discourse features in senile dementia of the Alzheimer's type (It's a non-amnestic Alzheimer's type) and normal elderly individuals within a Kurdish-speaking society, using a neurolinguistic perspective which was conducted in a Kermanshah nursing home in 2019, it includes 20 subjects (10 each from senile dementia and normal elderly groups) aged 63-75, matched for gender, illiteracy, and Kurdish proficiency. The severity of dementia, determined via the Clinical Dementia Rating Scale, guided subject selection (0.5 <= score < 2). Participants responded to inquiries during recorded 10-minute interviews, transcribed and coded using the Dijkstra and others's model (2004). Statistical analysis employed the independent t-test, revealing significant distinctions in frequency of discourse-building features, whereas senile dementia patients displayed more discourse-impairing features. Gender showed variances in some aspects, but was not pronounced in most cases. These findings, including manifestations at distinct discourse and utterance levels, contribute to understanding linguistic patterns in dementia, guiding tailored interventions for effective communication strategies.
An acoustic study of the prosody of Violeta Parra's décima recitation is conducted based on three works recited by the author. Three pieces with distinct emotional character were chosen to assess differences in expression and common aspects. This leads to a description of a recitation model that the authors assume is common to the recitation of décima in the Chilean countryside. The study includes the temporal and fundamental frequency aspects considered relevant.
El presente trabajo tiene el objetivo de mostrar el desarrollo dinámico del sistema motivacional del yo en segunda lengua (SMYL2) y su correlación con la conducta de aprendizaje. El trabajo se basa en la teoría de los sistemas dinámicos complejos (TSDC) y realiza un estudio longitudinal de cuatro años a una clase de alumnos chinos de la carrera universitaria de español. Se utilizan los materiales de encuestas y entrevistas para anotar los datos dinámicos del SMYL2, los comportamientos de aprendizaje y los factores influyentes. Los resultados indican que el SMYL2 presenta un desarrollo complejo y no lineal y su variabilidad se muestra en el aspecto individual y grupal. La variabilidad individual sube en el orden del yo ideal, el yo necesario y las experiencias, y la grupal aumenta según el orden del yo ideal, las experiencias y el yo necesario. Asimismo, el SMYL2 también presenta un desarrollo relativamente estable y el grado de estabilidad disminuye en el primer orden mencionado anteriormente. Los factores influyentes en el desarrollo incluyen la planificación profesional, los exámenes y el contenido docente. Además, las experiencias muestran mayor probabilidad de estimular la conducta de aprendizaje, porque estas activan de una manera más inmediata al yo trabajador.
This study investigates the illocutionary force of emojis in the e-mails of Jordanian university students to their professors. It draws upon Searle's speech act theory (1969), Brown and Levinson's politeness theory (1987), and Herring's CMDA (2004). The data were primarily confined to the e-mail messages sent by the students to their professors' e-mail accounts. Specifically, 281 e-mails containing 318 emojis were used for the data analysis. The findings show that the students used 42 different emojis and 24 different speech acts. The 10 most common emojis were: the red heart, cherry blossom, red rose, folded hand, broken heart, face with tears of joy, pleading face, loudly crying face, smiling face with open mouth and cold sweat, and smiling face with smiling eyes. On the other hand, the 10 most frequently used speech acts were: thanking, greeting, requesting, pleading, complaining, apologizing, wishing, congratulating, promising, and correcting. The findings also reveal that emojis can mainly function as strengtheners and softeners of speech acts. Emojis were also used as a politeness strategy to save the face of the sender and the receiver. Generally, this study emphasizes the idea that emojis express politeness, reduce social distance, and establish and maintain relationships.
Se presenta en este artículo un estudio longitudinal de investigación-acción desarrollado en el aula, con el objetivo de analizar la influencia que el sistema de evaluación adoptado en tres grupos de una misma asignatura de traducción especializada español-inglés puede ejercer en las creencias de autoeficacia del estudiantado. Para satisfacer este objetivo se adoptó un enfoque metodológico mixto, basado en la triangulación de las siguientes técnicas: entrevistas con el profesorado, observación en el aula, encuesta y grupos de discusión con el estudiantado. Los resultados apuntan que un sistema de evaluación continua, basado en la realización de diversas pruebas (parciales) a lo largo de la asignatura, puede favorecer las creencias de autoeficacia de los estudiantes que superan dichas pruebas, ya que los logros de ejecución que alcanzan les permiten tomar consciencia de su competencia real y de la mejora que esta experimenta. Fracasar en las pruebas de evaluación continua puede llevar a aquellos estudiantes con un exceso de confianza en sus capacidades como traductores a disminuir (ajustar) dicha confianza. No obstante, la realización de un examen de evaluación final puede dificultar la asimilación de los logros de ejecución por parte del estudiantado y, con ello, el reajuste (desarrollo o descenso) de la confianza que poseen en sus capacidades reales.
Onomastics, nomenclature and terminology are often regarded as multidisciplinary fields of interest, with a particular focus on the study of specialised vocabulary. Although these disciplines are clearly linked by their common concern with "names" (i.e., proper names, scientific names1, and terms, respectively), this paper demonstrates that they adopt different perspectives, employ distinct methodologies and pursue specific research objectives when analysing the proprial elements of the lexicon. Proper names, scientific names, and terms, in fact, display similarities in the complex structure of their meanings, including components such as denotation, motivation, categorical information, lexical (etymological) sense, connotation, and affective shades. At the same time, they also have some special features: scientific names are formed consciously, usually at international level, on the basis of predetermined linguistic elements and rules to designate and classify entities of the tangible word; terms (if linguistic) are usually created in spontaneous specialised communication by using the common elements and rules of natural languages to indicate abstract concepts and systematise units of knowledge; and proper names evolve either spontaneously, or consciously from restricted, genre-specific sets of elements and rules of natural languages to identify socio-culturally salient real or fictitious entities and abstract units.
Este artículo explora el potencial del microaprendizaje en la enseñanza de lenguas extranjeras, con especial atención en el español como lengua extranjera. La investigación se centra en cómo las modernas tecnologías educativas pueden utilizarse para un uso eficiente del tiempo lectivo y no lectivo, y cómo estas tecnologías pueden integrarse en la práctica educativa para mejorar las competencias comunicativas, didácticas, informativas y compensatorias de los estudiantes. La investigación involucra a estudiantes de segundo año de español como segunda lengua extranjera en la Escuela Superior de Economía, utilizando pruebas para evaluar las competencias léxicas antes y después de la intervención educativa. Los resultados muestran una mejora significativa en los conocimientos de los estudiantes que utilizaron el enfoque de microaprendizaje, en comparación con aquellos que siguieron métodos tradicionales. Se observó una disminución notable en los errores de interferencia lingüística, lo que sugiere que el microaprendizaje es particularmente efectivo para abordar y corregir errores específicos y para adaptarse a las necesidades individuales de aprendizaje.
This paper examines the shift in translation theory towards an ecologically oriented approach, emphasizing equality, symbiosis, balance, and harmony. This evolution reflects a departure from the traditional dichotomy of strict adherence to the original text versus the translator's subjectivity, towards a broader ecological perspective. Focusing on the context of China, we explore the development of translation theories from traditional views to ecologization, culminating in the emergence of Eco-Translatology. While Eco-Translatology has made significant strides in advancing translation theory and practice, several research gaps persist, including the need for further exploration of its philosophical foundations, interdisciplinary intersections, and international dimensions. This study reviews the evolution of translation concepts, highlights the significance of the Chinese perspective in Eco-Translatology's development, and addresses its theoretical limitations and future prospects. It argues for Eco-Translatology's rigorous development to secure its place in global translation discourse, emphasizing that its value lies in its practical utility and applicability beyond Western or Oriental confines. By critically engaging with Eco-Translatology's challenges and potential, this research contributes to advancing the ecological turn in translation studies, proposing it as a dynamic field with global relevance.
En este artículo se analizan los errores léxicos del estudiantado con L1 ruso que estudia español como L2 en los niveles B1 y B2 fuera del contexto natural. El artículo sigue la metodología de corpus de aprendices. La muestra de 57 textos se obtiene del corpus público CEDEL2. A partir de diferentes fuentes teóricas, se elabora una clasificación de errores léxicos que consta de 11 grupos. El análisis revela tres grupos más productivos de errores léxicos que forman 61 % del total de errores de competencia léxica: a) confusión de significados próximos o sinónimos, b) los errores léxicos que presentan significados inexistentes y c) generalización. Entre las causas principales, destacan los errores léxicos en L2, por lo cual se analiza la asimetría del signo lingü.stico en español y en ruso, así como la interferencia del ruso sobre el español relacionada con la visión del mundo del estudiantado nativo.
A través de un estudio comparado tanto de traducciones jurídicas español-chino como de textos jurídicos en chino, utilizando el programa estadístico AntConc, este trabajo explora el uso de los signos de puntuación al traducir del español al chino. Dado que el texto jurídico español no dispone de un signo equivalente para el “顿号 dùnhao” del chino, según la hipótesis del unique items de Tirkkonen-Condit (2004), este signo debería aparecer como una “infrarrepresentación” en la traducción china. Basándonos en el estudio empírico, nuestro análisis de datos apoya esta hipótesis. Además, puesto que, en algunos casos, encontramos que el “顿号 dùnhao” se utilizaba para reformular diferentes palabras o estructuras del texto original, pretendemos explicar la base cognitiva de este fenómeno aprovechando la hipótesis de la atracción gravitatoria propuesta por Halverson (2007, 2010).
