Future Anxiety refers to a state of apprehension, insecurity, fear and worries about possible and unfavourable changes in the personal future, is measured with the Dark Future Scale. This study explores its factor structure and psychometric characteristics with 1850 participants, with ages between 13 and 82 years old (M = 28.99, SD = 10.91). Using Exploratory and Confirmatory Factor Analysis, a one-dimension structure was found, explaining 64% of total variance, high factor loadings and reliability (λ ≥ .60, α = .86, ω = .86). Evidence of convergent-divergent validity was found: responsibility (r = -.28), emotional stability (r = -.32), openness to new experiences (r = -.23), satisfaction with life (r = -.38), past negative (r = .56) and future negative (r = .40). Measurement invariance across sex was supported, allowing for meaningful group comparisons. In general, results support a clear factor structure with adequate reliability and validity within general population.
A educação sexual (ES) é um tópico de investigação em crescente interesse, sendo os estudos unânimes quanto aos seus efeitos positivos. A utilização de meios de comunicação pelos adolescentes vem igualmente aumentando e sabe-se que são utilizados para obter informação sobre sexualidade. A série Sex Education tem-se destacado neste contexto, tendo sido produzidas várias temporadas. Assim, este estudo pretende analisar as perspetivas de jovens e profissionais sobre o impacto da série Sex Education nos mais novos e explorar de que forma pode constituir-se um recurso pedagógico para a ES. Para o efeito, foram realizadas nove entrevistas a jovens e três a profissionais cujos dados foram tratados através da análise de conteúdo. Os resultados mostram que a série apoia o desenvolvimento psicossexual, promovendo conhecimentos, atitudes e competências; é um ótimo recurso pedagógico na ES com adolescentes, por ser educativa, lúdica e realista, abordando a sexualidade com naturalidade.
Theoretical perspectives on positive ageing highlight the centrality of personal resources for reaching and maintaining a high level of overall functioning in this stage of life. Personal resources such as wisdom, creativity and eudaimonic psychological well-being can give a substantial contribution to this desirable condition. The study investigated the relationships between wisdom, eudaimonic well-being and perceived efficacy on divergent problem solving in old age. It also explored the presence of differences for structural variables gender and school education on these factors. 105 Italian participants filled in the Psychological Well-being Questionnaire (PWB), the Wise Thinking and Acting Questionnaire (WITHAQ) and the Perceived Efficacy Questionnaire on Divergent Problem solving (APSP). Positive associations emerged between wisdom as pragmatic knowledge and divergent problem-solving, between wisdom as dialectical post-formal thinking and divergent problem solving. Positive associations emerged between wisdom as pragmatic knowledge and PWB, wisdom as dialectical post-formal thinking and PWB. A Hierarchical Regression Model highlighted divergent problem solving as the most powerful contributor to eudaimonic well-being (PWB), together with wisdom as pragmatic competence. Not significant statistical values for grouping variables gender and school education emerged.
The aim of this study was to examine the psychometric properties of the European Portuguese version of the Revised Anticipated Sexual Jealousy Scale (RASJS). The sample consisted of 578 heterosexual participants (68.3% female) in a dating relationship for an average of about 34 months. Participants completed the RASJS and self-reported measures assessing romantic attachment and relationship and sexual satisfaction. Confirmatory factor analysis corroborated the three-factor solution. The RASJS showed good reliability (Cronbach’s alpha range: .77-.92; McDonald’s omega range: .76-.92) as well as construct and criterion-related validity. Participants who did not report their own past history of infidelity showed higher values of reactive jealousy than those who reported these experiences; and individuals who reported a past history of a partner’s infidelity presented significantly higher anxious jealousy. Sex differences in romantic jealousy were not significant. The RASJS is particularly suitable for the assessment of romantic jealousy, and its psychometric characteristics validate its use in Portugal.
The present study explored the factor structure, reliability and convergent validity of the Portuguese version of the Childhood Anxiety Sensitivity Index – Revised (PT-CASI-R) in a clinical sample of school-aged children. A clinical sample of 153 children with emotional disorder symptomatology (i.e., anxiety or depressive disorder; 6-13 years) completed the CASI-R and the Revised Child Anxiety and Depression Scale (RCADS). A confirmatory factor analysis was performed and the psychometric properties of the CASI-R were assessed. The PT-CASI-R revealed good internal consistency, with a four-factor hierarchical structure. Moderate and strong correlations were found between the CASI-R and RCADS subscales, specifically the “panic disorder” RCADS subscale. Our findings suggest that the PT-CASI-R is a psychometrically valid measure for assessing anxiety sensitivity in Portuguese children with clinical emotional symptoms, between 6 and 13 years old.
Os efeitos psicológicos da pandemia Covid-19 nos estudantes do Ensino Superior (ES) têm sido associados a condições relacionadas com o desenvolvimento do jovem adulto e com as alterações nas práticas e dinâmicas académicas. O impacto destas condições raramente é contextualizado no conhecimento cultural das populações estudadas. Este estudo teve como objetivo compreender a perceção dos estudantes angolanos sobre as suas experiências académicas durante a pandemia Covid-19. A recolha de dados foi realizada através de questionário aberto, administrado via internet. Foi realizada uma análise temática das respostas dos estudantes que permitiu identificar 3 temas centrais: Experiência académica difícil de perda e de ameaça, Preocupações e dificuldades específicas para além da vida académica e Recursos para enfrentar o período de confinamento. Os resultados do estudo são discutidos considerando a sua congruência com os resultados de outros estudos similares e contextualizando a especificidade dos subtemas emergentes em dimensões da cultura angolana.
The objectives of this study are to analyze the psychometric properties of the data collected with the European Portuguese version of the UCLA Loneliness Scale version 3 (UCLA-LS-3) and to evaluate levels of loneliness and perceived social isolation in Portuguese adults. 802 individuals aged 18 to 82 years (M= 35.12; SD= 15.67) responded to the scale, and reliability and validity analyses were conducted. The total score of the UCLA-LS-3 exhibited a strong negative correlation with the Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support. A three-factor model showed the best fit, demonstrating good fit [(χ2/df = 1.81; CFI = .99; RMSEA (90 CI) = .032 (.026; .038)]. This model showed only metric invariance between genders and only configural invariance between age groups. The results support the UCLA-LS-3 as a reliable and valid measure of loneliness for future research studies interested in assessing the psychological experience of loneliness in Portuguese population.
Online hate speech has profound implications for society, with migrants as primary targets. Underreporting by victims and bystanders obscures the true extent, indirectly legitimizing these crimes. To assess bystander intervention in online hate speech against immigrants, we developed a scale based on the five steps of the bystander intervention model. In Study 1 (N = 294), exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses confirmed the five-factor structure, having, as the final step, different types of actions that bystanders can adhere to when witnessing online hate speech. Structural equation modelling showed that, overall, each step was predicted by the preceding step, as proposed by the bystander intervention model. Study 2 (N = 240) replicated this finding and assessed the scale's criterion-related validity, revealing negative associations with moral disengagement and victim blaming, and positive associations with self-efficacy. We discuss the scale's relevance and applicability in studying bystander behaviour in response to online hate speech.
Understanding why hierarchical social systems thrive and persist has been an important issue for the social sciences. Social dominance orientation (SDO) is considered one of the most important measures to study intergroup attitudes and behavior and how hierarchical social systems are maintained. In this study (N = 313) we assessed the psychometric proprieties of the European-Portuguese version of the SDO7 scale and examined the proposed two-factor solution corresponding to the two SDO subdimensions (SDO-D and SDO-E). Results of the confirmatory factor analysis showed that both the one-factor (full scale) and the two-factor solution model have good indicators of model fit. Nevertheless, results also showed that, although the SDO full scale was positively correlated with all the related constructs (e.g., right-wing authoritarianism, meritocracy), each subdimension correlated with them differently. Thus, considering and examining the two subdimensions separately should allow to understand and predict, with more precision, intergroup attitudes, and behaviors.
Este estudo teve como objetivo identificar a percepção dos pais de alunos matriculados em escolas particulares no município de Tubarão (SC) acerca da influência da quarentena em decorrência da pandemia de Covid-19 na sua interação com os filhos. Trata-se de uma pesquisa de campo em nível exploratório e qualitativo desenvolvida a partir da realização de entrevistas semiestruturadas com dez famílias da cidade. Investigaram-se os seguintes aspectos relacionados ao período de quarentena: mudanças ocorridas na rotina familiar; sentimentos vivenciados pelos pais em sua interação com os filhos; dificuldades encontradas nessa interação; e pontos positivos vivenciados. As entrevistas foram avaliadas a partir do método de análise de conteúdo, sendo determinadas as categorias de análise. Os resultados mostraram mudanças na rotina relacionadas à prática da educação a distância, diminuição do contato social, sobrecarga de atividades e impactos na vida profissional. Com relação aos sentimentos vivenciados pelos pais, destaca-se a dificuldade de identificação deles, além de serem referidos cansaço, culpa e estresse. Como dificuldades encontradas, foram apontadas reações emocionais, adaptação à mudança de papéis, dificuldade em aplicar a educação a distância e filhos mais dependentes. Poucos foram os aspectos positivos vivenciados referidos, sendo eles a aproximação, o amadurecimento e o aumento da demonstração de afeto. Algumas famílias não identificaram aspectos positivos. A partir dos resultados, destaca-se o despreparo dos pais para lidar com as novas contingências e a importância da realização da orientação de pais de forma preventiva, além da necessidade de avaliação do impacto dos métodos utilizados na aplicação da educação a distância.
Após a cirurgia bariátrica, alguns sujeitos podem experimentar a recuperação do peso a longo-prazo, devido a padrões alimentares problemáticos e ao reduzido número de consultas médicas na pós-cirurgia. Portanto, aponta-se a necessidade de um acompanhamento continuado nesse período. Surge então o APOLO-Bari, uma intervenção desenvolvida com o intuito de acompanhar e monitorizar os resultados pós-cirúrgicos. Tornou-se objetivo testar a sua eficácia, testar de que forma o TFEQ-21 se relaciona entre si e com as restantes variáveis e verificar se a adesão é um fator diferenciador dos resultados obtidos. O estudo inclui dois grupos: o de controlo (n = 113), que recebeu o tratamento usual pós-cirúrgico e o de intervenção (n = 38) que recebeu o tratamento usual e o APOLO-Bari. Verificaram-se reduções dos níveis de ansiedade, depressão, stress e de petisco contínuo no grupo de intervenção, contrariamente ao grupo de controlo. A adesão não impactou os resultados obtidos no final do programa.
This study evaluated the validity evidence of the Spanish Burnout Inventory (SBI) in two stages. The first stage verified the content validity, while the second stage verified the internal validity of the structure. A total of 263 Mozambican teachers participated in the study. Confirmatory factor analysis was performed using the Robust Weighted Least Squares estimation method. The model presented: χ2 = 337.313 (p < .01); gl = 164; CFI = .95; TLI = .94 and RMSEA = 0.06 (C.I. = 0.05 - 0.07). The SBI presented four factors — the same number as the original model — and good psychometric properties. The McDonald's alpha omega for the enthusiasm for work dimension was .64; for the psychological exhaustion dimension it was .79; for the indolence dimension it was .80 and for guilt it was .71. It is concluded that the SBI-PE-Mozambique version is a valid and reliable instrument for assessing Burnout Syndrome in teachers in the country.
In Portugal, career counsellors require significant training, especially in the career development field. Online training emerged as a solution during the pandemic, but the evidence of its effects is still uncertain. This pilot study aimed to evaluate the effects of an online training course focused on a career psychological intervention model for unemployed adults. Eight female psychologists (Mage = 30.75; SD = 4.9) from different regions of the country participated in the training. The study used a Diagnostic Evaluation Questionnaire, Evaluation Worksheets, and a Qualitative Evaluation Questionnaire to assess the effects of the training. Results showed an increase in the trainees' knowledge and performance after the course and trainees reported their satisfaction with the training. However, they expressed the need for more practical examples. The study suggests that specialized, empirically validated training in career intervention may have important implications in increasing the quality of career interventions with unemployed individuals.
Este estudo teve como objetivo identificar o campo compartilhado, os princípios organizadores das tomadas de posição e a ancoragem psicossocial das representações sociais de suicídio entre usuários do Twitter. Foram coletados 3302 comentários de usuários do Twitter em 103 reportagens sobre suicídio publicadas pelo jornal Folha de São Paulo no Twitter. Em seguida, foram identificados 425 perfis dos usuários autores dos comentários e coletados dados referentes a suas orientações políticas. Os resultados, sistematizados por meio da Classificação Hierárquica Descendente e pela Análise Fatorial de Correspondência, viabilizadas pelo software Iramuteq, indicaram a presença de três princípios organizadores dos significados vinculados ao objeto suicídio: a ciência, a religião e a política. A discussão focalizou a dualidade ciência versus religião na organização do campo representacional de suicídio e as pertenças políticas dos usuários do Twitter como pontos de ancoragem psicossocial privilegiados.
Caring for children is fundamental for their development. It can, however be hindered by the psychological, economic, and contextual conditions of caregivers. This study assessed caregivers’ profiles in a sample of low-income Colombians (n = 495) based on attitudes toward childcare, perceived behavioral control, subjective norm, self-efficacy in childcare, and sexist attitudes. Three profiles were identified: the first profile included caregivers with intermediate scores in attitudes towards childcare and self-efficacy, low sexist attitudes and low subjective norms; the second comprised caregivers with lower attitudes towards childcare, self-efficacy, and behavioral intention, with moderate scores in subjective norms and sexist attitudes; the third profile consisted of participants with the most positive attitudes toward childcare, and with the most sexist attitudes towards caregiving. This study shows caregiver profiles in terms of childcare self-perception, dimensions of the theory of planned behavior, and sexist attitudes toward childcare in a population underrepresented in the literature.
This study used the Portuguese version of the Impact of Event Scale-Revised (IES-R) to assess the risk of psychological disturbances associated with the COVID-19 pandemic in two independent samples of the Portuguese population. The psychometric characteristics of the scale were also assessed. Data was collected through an online survey and its internal consistency was examined. The internal consistency of the scale was high. Factor analysis found different dimensional structures for the scale in the two samples: a three-factor in the first sample and a four-factor structure in the second sample. The different factor structures confirmed the dependence of the results on the characteristics of the samples and the situation where it is applied. Despite these differences in structure, this study showed that the Portuguese version of the IES-R is a reliable tool to measure psychological distress associated with traumatic events such as the COVID-19 pandemic.
The protean career orientation refers to career agentic and values-driven attitudes in today’s changing contexts. This orientation shows readiness for facing lifespan tasks and challenges in diverse work roles, contributing, for example, to university students’ academic engagement and employability. Given the importance of this construct, there is a need for valid and reliable measures of protean career orientation. Our study aimed to analyze the internal and criterion-related validity and reliability of a Portuguese language version of the Protean Career Orientation Scale. Participants were 407 Portuguese university students who responded to measures of protean career orientation, academic engagement, and career self-management strategies. Factorial analyses, Pearson correlations, and reliability indicators were computed. Adequate psychometric properties were found after one item deletion. Findings provide evidence for the scale’s usage among groups of university students, whether for research or practical purposes. Nevertheless, more studies are needed.
A qualidade da vinculação com as figuras parentais tem um papel privilegiado no desenvolvimento da individuação dos jovens adultos, na forma como estes experienciam as suas relações amorosas e na aptidão de lidarem com acontecimentos adversos. O presente estudo tem como objetivo testar o papel preditor da separação-individuação aos pais e da resiliência nos conflitos no namoro, assim como testar o papel moderador da resiliência na associação entre a separação-individuação aos pais e os conflitos no namoro. A amostra foi constituída por 948 sujeitos com idades compreendidas entre os 18 e os 30 anos de idade (M = 21.76, DP = 3.31). Os resultados apontam que os conflitos no namoro são preditos pela separação- individuação aos pais e pela resiliência. Os dados sugerem ainda o efeito moderador da resiliência na associação entre a intrusividade e autoconfiança na mãe e as estratégias de resolução de conflitos não abusivas e os comportamentos violentos.
