Large amounts of peanut shells were abandoned each year in China and the abandoned peanut shells were subjected to incineration or landfi ll, which not only polluted environment, but also wasted resources. So, a household fi ll material with fl ame retardant and antibacterial functions was fabricated with abandoned peanut shell and discarded thermoplastic polyurethane by plasticizing, blending and hot pressing. The main factors that affect the fl ame retardant performance and the regression model of limiting oxygen index were obtained by response surface analysis. The regression model helped to predict materials fl ame retardant ability and achieve the optimal preparation condition, which as follows: the peanut shell mass fraction 49.5 %, ammonium polyphosphate mass fraction 4.4 %, Thermoplastic polyurethanes (TPU) fl ame retardants mass fraction 14.2 %, under these conditions, the limiting oxygen index of materials was 32.78 %. While after added 3 wt% Tetraneedle like ZnO whiskers at the same condition, the limiting oxygen index was 32.7 %, and the antimicrobial ratio of Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli and Salmonella reached 96.03, 96.98 and 92.33 % respectively.
Inappropriately disinfected hospital textiles can act as a vector for cross transmission of healthcare associated infections, which represent complications in the treatment of patients and cause economic damage. Through the surveillance program that includes controlling the hygiene and sampling of cleaned healthcare textiles, nosocomial infections are considered to be preventable. Until now various types of textile sampling methods were divided into non-destructive and destructive methods, which vary depending on the state of the fabric at the end of the process. In our research, the Morapex A device as a non-destructive elution based method, was introduced for textile hygiene testing. The effi ciency of Morapex A device was compared to the swabbing and RODAC agar plate sampling as most common used methods for sampling of textiles. The low effi ciency of capturing microorganisms due to the rough, uneven three-dimensional fabric surface turned out to be the downside of the swabbing and RODAC plate method. The Morapex A device has proved to be a better implementation and an adequate substitute for nondestructive textile hygiene testing.
The signifi cance of fashion photography is in technical terms related to its reproducibility, while semantically it primarily results from the fact that it is a medium perceived as highy iconic. Since consumers perceive fashion photographies displaying a model’s face as a portrait, it is possible to make acceptable modifi cations of skin colours so as to affect the perception of photography while still retaining its iconicity. In the experimental part of the paper a test portrait photography was made by altering the channels by +/- 3 and 6 %, and standard skin colour areas, altered in the same manner, were determined and their colour differences defi ned. Photographies were assessed in a survey by 100 participants. The survey showed that the perception of the photography can be infl uenced by making acceptable changes in the RGB channel of the portrait photography while retaining its high level of iconicity. Regulation of the effect by means of the red channel in the phase of digital image processing was proven optimum.
U radu je dan pregled najčešće korištenih sredstava za obrade protiv gorenja celuloznih tekstilnih materijala, s naglaskom na nehalogena sredstva. Prikazan je i mehanizam njihovog djelovanja na usporavanje gorenja. Budući da je velik broj halogenih sredstava toksičan ili potencijalno toksičan za organizme i okoliš, potrebna je njihova zamjena ekološki povoljnim sred stvima. Predstavljena su alternativna sredstva koja se nastoji uvesti u praksu, a također su prikazane i uspoređene različite metode nanašanja sredstva za obradu protiv gorenja. Jedan od mogućih pravaca razvoja zamjenskih sredstava protiv gorenja, mogla bi biti primjena biomakromolekula kao što su hitosan, fi tinska kiselina, kazein, sirutka, hidrofobini ili DNK. Ključne riječi: obrada protiv gorenja, nehalogena sredstva, usporivači gorenja, tekstil
Nezaobilazna dekoracija hotelskog interijera su tekstilne podne obloge koje bi, osim estetske funkcije, trebale imati toplinska i zvucna izolacijska svojstva te visoku izdržljivost tijekom koristenja. Određivanje debljine podnih obloga nakon rasterecenja, jedan je od testova kojim se ocjenjuju njihova uporabna svojstva i trajnost tekstilnih podnih obloga. U radu se proucavaju svojstva stlacivosti i debljine nakon rasterecenja deset uzoraka vunenih podnih obloga. Predložena je jednadžba koja opisuje odnos debljine i pripadajuceg tlaka tekstilnih podnih obloga i temelji se na Bogatyevoj jednadžbi stanja. Parametri, tj. nepoznate konstante A i B u navedenoj jednadžbi mogu se jednostavno empirijski odrediti za pojedine tekstilne plosne proizvode, te se tada dobivena jednadžba može primijeniti za utvrđivanje debljine bez stlacivanja, s beskonacnim stlacivanjem i debljine pri opterecenju tlakom u rasponu od 0, 4 do 100 hPa. Dobiveni funkcionalni odnos koristan je za prikaz cijele krivulje debljina-tlak u jednom ciklusu opterecenja i rasterecenja tekstilne podne obloge. Ako je oblik jednadžbe odgovarajuce izabran, izracunate vrijednosti debljine se jako dobro poklapaju s izmjerenim debljinama pri raznim tlakovima. U radu je koristeno nekoliko metoda za procjenu kvalitete tekstilnih podnih obloga, te je pomocu njih objektivno određena najbolja podna obloga. Za procjenu kvalitete podnih obloga mogu se koristiti metode određivanja aritmeticke sredine, eksponencijalne srednje vrijednosti i povrsina ispod polinomnih krivulja.
