The rapid expansion of workfrom-home (WFH) arrangements raises an important question: how does organisational learning travel across individual, team, and organisational levels when work becomes spatially distributed? Drawing on organisational learning and human resource management (HRM) theory, this study examines how individual learning (IL) translates into collective outcomes under WFH conditions. Using survey data from 2,171 employees in Serbia, we analyse the interplay of learning across individual, team, and organisational levels during an abrupt shift to remote work. The findings indicate that learning operates as a multilevel process in which team dynamics act as a critical bridge between individual initiative and organisational adaptation. Individual self-regulation contributes to broader learning only when supported by collaborative teams and enabling organisational structures. Leadership and psychological safety facilitate this cross-level learning, while rigid structures and limited formal systems constrain team and organisational learning. The study contributes empirical insight into multilevel learning during large-scale disruption and highlights the conditions under which individual learning generates collective benefits, particularly in a non-Western, post-socialist context. The findings offer practical implications for designing organisational strategies that support learning in remote and hybrid work environments.
This paper reviews and highlights major shift in views and approaches to the international economic order and the policies aimed at rebalancing that order in the perceived interest of the US by the current Trump administration. It presents the problem of the long-existing US current account and budget deficits and the perception that they present an unsustainable and immediate problem that needs urgent action as the cause of these shifts. It provides an overview of previous actions by presidents Nixon and Reagan regarding the rebalancing of the US current account deficits. The policies of the current US administration regarding the problem of dual deficits is so radical that it has willfully put an end to the international economic order through unilateral action. There have been some attempts at providing an economic analysis and justification for the direction of the applied policies. However, it seems that the policies pursued by the US administration follow an unpredictable path as they are based on bilateral deals and leverage. The paper points out that actions regarding internal macroeconomic balances such as policies that would be in the direction of lowering the budget deficit could have mitigated these problems.
When purchasing different products, consumers often implicitly or explicitly agree to various privacy arrangements. These arrangements may pertain to the regulations surrounding the management of information gathered during product purchases and usage. In his paper, Joseph Farrell discusses a “dysfunctional” equilibrium in the privacy dynamics between firms and consumers, emphasising that consumers have resigned themselves to a reality without privacy. He highlights that the Federal Trade Commission (FTC) acknowledged the necessity of steering clear of such an equilibrium in its report. The EU is also undertaking significant initiatives, as evident in the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) and Digital Markets Act. This paper demonstrates that the privacy game in question can be modelled as a simplified ultimatum game, revealing that the dysfunctional equilibrium is subgameperfect. While the evolutionary approach employing replicator dynamics suggests the existence of other local attractors relevant to the original ultimatum game, these attractors, contrary to the fairness analysis, prove insignificant in our case. By combining a simplified ultimatum game with evolutionary dynamics, this paper shows how structural and strategic factors stabilise low-privacy outcomes and evaluates how current EU and US regulatory measures interact with these dynamics, highlighting conditions under which privacy-protective strategies could gain traction.
This article presents a comparative analysis of local tax policies in the 24 largest municipalities in Bulgaria and the 24 “large cities” in Croatia (those with more than 30,000 inhabitants or serving as county seats), with a focus on property-related taxes and other significant sources of local revenue. Since 2007, Bulgarian municipalities have had the authority to set tax rates within centrally defined minimum and maximum thresholds. In contrast, Croatian local self-government units operate under a national legislative framework that allows them to adjust tax rates and introduce various local fees. The study explores three key questions: (i) to what extent local tax policy features prominently on municipal political agendas; (ii) the relative influence of mayors versus municipal or city councils in shaping tax policy; and (iii) the extent to which municipalities utilise maximum allowable tax rates compared to adopting alternative revenue-enhancing measures. The findings offer empirical evidence and comparative insights, highlighting both the strengths and limitations of current local tax policy practices in Bulgaria and Croatia. The article concludes with policy recommendations to improve the effectiveness and autonomy of local fiscal governance in both countries.
This paper focuses on the reciprocal tariffs imposed by the US administration and their strategic consequences for small, open, and non-aligned countries, such as Serbia. After a year, they are replaced with new 15% across-the-board tariffs, but the underlying US trade policy remained the same. In it, geopolitics shapes the world trade order, while military expenditures drive industrial policy. The following topics matter to Serbia in handling American tariffs: changes on the geopolitical map of the world, the gravitational economic power of the main trade blocs (USA and USMCA, China and BRICS, EU), the effect of their relations on third countries (Serbia), economic sanctions in the form of reciprocal US tariffs (including secondary tariffs), the arms race and its impact on reindustrialization, the impact of proxy wars on military expenditures and trade, and Serbia’s position in the global supply chains (especially rare minerals). Due to the American tariffs, Serbia’s position as a non-aligned country is not sustainable anymore. The methodology applied in this paper combines an analysis of geopolitical factors modelling the new world trade order with a classical econometric analysis of the elasticity of trade with respect to income and prices.
