The article examines, from a technical and historical-artistic perspective, the designs and construction processes of several bridges built in Herrera de Duero (Valladolid, Spain) between 1841 and 1875. The aim is to understand the national significance of these examples of 19th-century Spanish civil engineering, in which some of the most important Spanish engineers participated - Enrique Alau, Andres Mendizabal, Carlos Campuzano, Lucio del Valle, Victor Marti, Angel Mayo, Jose de Echeverria, and others-. Methodologically, the history of these bridges has been reconstructed by consulting previously unpublished documentation preserved in various archives. Virtually unknown, we demonstrate that the origin of the straight metal spans, still in operation today, lies in the designs of the famous iron bridge study commission chaired by del Valle (1863). We know few examples of this today.
The wooden vaults of Lima Cathedral are a topic of relevance from a construction perspective and from the earthquake-resistant architectural criteria that Lima's master builders considered in their design. These vaults have only been studied from the perspective of art history, focusing on their history and the definition of forms and styles. Specifically, this article focuses on the constructive study of the planked timber vaults within the cathedral complex of Lima. Research was conducted in institutional archive repositories and architectural surveys, where material was found to examine the master builders' approaches to the reconstruction of Lima Cathedral's vaults after the successive earthquakes that occurred in the 17th century
The colonisation villages built in Spain during the mid-twentieth century as part of a policy for domestic agrarian colonisation have been the subject of numerous studies on their architecture and urban planning as a result. This paper aims to identify the transfers that occurred between the pre-existing farmsteads or 'cortijos' and the colonisation villages, which are two ostensibly disparate models of rural architecture. The research is based on a comparison of plans drawn up from the original ones of farmsteads and colonisation villages linked to them in a paradigmatic area of the province of Granada. The findings indicate that the construction of the new villages resulted in the demolition or rehabilitation of a significant number of important farmsteads. Furthermore, it demonstrates the interrelationship between domestic and agricultural uses articulated around the courtyard in both the farmstead and the village, highlighting a surprising equivalence given the contrasting scales and eras of both architectures.
In CIMAD 11, Pedro Hurtado-Valdez presented an interesting paper on the myths and facts of the construction of Castilian wooden vaults between the 17th and 18th centuries, attempting to refute the belief that the genesis of wooden vaults in Spain and Latin America had its antecedents in the construction of ships in the Basque regions, and in the naval experience of some writers of previous centuries. A more in-depth study of the geometry of the structure of the wooden vaulted roofs of Basque churches of the 15th and 16th centuries, catalogued in Ars Lignea in 1996 by Alberto Santana and other authors, was an unfinished task that had hardly been addressed since that publication. In this article, we want to present our conclusions on the veracity of this hypothesis by comparing the codo de ribera, a standard measurement used in the naval construction from 1590 onwards, with the dimensions of the pairs of arches that form the barrel vaults of four churches analysed by laser scanner in the Gorbea valleys: Santa María de Goikuria, San Bartolomé de Olarte, San Pedro de Zaloa and San Lorenzo de Otzerimendi.
Las bóvedas de madera labradas en la catedral de Lima constituyen un tema de relevancia desde el punto de vista constructivo y de los criterios de arquitectura sismorresistente que los alarifes de Lima plantearon en su diseño. Estas bóvedas sólo han sido estudiadas desde la perspectiva de la historia del arte, habiéndose centrado en su historia y la definición de formas y estilos. Precisamente el artículo trata del estudio constructivo de las bóvedas encamonadas dentro del conjunto catedralicio de Lima. Se realizó investigación en repositorios de archivos institucionales y levantamiento de campo, donde se halló material que ayudó a observar los planteamientos de los alarifes con respecto a la reconstrucción de las bóvedas de la catedral de Lima después de los sucesivos terremotos que se dieron en el siglo XVII.
This research analyses the definition of Digital Product Passport (DPP) in the context of European policies and regulations applicable to the built environment. It proposes a new structure based on the allocation of responsibilities of the economic operators. This study coins the concept of ‘Digital Product Logbook’, conceived as a repository for logging data after the product has been placed on the EU Single Market. The research is based on a thorough analysis of European policies and standards, and on a review of scientific literature. The significance of this research lies in its practical application and its potential immediate implementation into the DPP developments. The paper also proposes lines for future research, aiming to trigger a debate among the industrial and scientific community in relation to the concepts applied to DPPs and their impact on the allocation of responsibilities (and liabilities) between economic operators in the value chain.
El artículo estudia, desde los puntos de vista técnico e histórico-artístico, los diseños y procesos constructivos de los diferentes puentes que, entre 1841 y 1875, se ejecutaron en la localidad de Herrera de Duero. El objetivo es conocer la relevancia, a nivel nacional, de estos ejemplos de la ingeniería civil española del siglo XIX, en los que participaron algunos de los técnicos españoles más importantes –Enrique Alau, Andrés Mendizábal, Carlos Campuzano, Lucio del Valle, Víctor Martí, Ángel Mayo, José de Echeverría, etc.–. Metodológicamente, la historia de estos puentes ha podido reconstruirse a partir de la consulta de documentación, hasta hoy inédita, conservada en diferentes archivos. Prácticamente desconocidos, sobre el de tramos rectos metálicos, todavía en funcionamiento, demostramos que su origen se encuentra en lo diseñado por la célebre comisión de estudios de puentes de hierro, presidida por del Valle (1863), y de la que, en la actualidad, conocemos pocos ejemplos.
This research is part of a broader investigation focused on the use of the oval form in cloister architecture, with particular reference to the cloister of the Church of Santa Maria della Sanità in Naples (Italy), designed in the early decades of the seventeenth century by Fra’ Nuvolo. This cloister represents a unicum within the Neapolitan architectural tradition and, due to its oval layout, constitutes a deliberate departure from the canonical orthogonal model, as well as a tangible manifestation of the ‘creative tension’ between measure and excess. Within this research focus, the present study expands to consider new models by examining the cloister of the Church of Sant Antoni de Viana in Palma de Mallorca. This example is approached not only as a point of comparison, but as a paradigmatic case of reception and reinterpretation of the oval model beyond the Italian context. In both case studies, the oval form assumes a value that is not only technical and compositional, but also symbolic and representative, as it spatially expresses a specific conception of order, centrality, and the relationship between architecture, faith, and the human figure. Accordingly, the comparison between the two cloisters provides an opportunity for a comparative morphological and geometric analysis, as well as a broader reflection on the role of oval geometry in the redefinition of the Baroque cloistered landscape within the European context.
Los pueblos de colonización construidos en España a mediados del siglo XX como parte de una política de colonización agraria interior han sido objeto de numerosos estudios sobre su arquitectura y urbanismo como resultado. Este trabajo se centra en identificar las transferencias que se produjeron de los cortijos preexistentes a los pueblos de colonización, dos modelos aparentemente muy distintos de arquitectura rural. La investigación se basa en la comparación de planimetrías elaboradas a partir de las originales de cortijos y pueblos de colonización vinculados a ellos en una zona paradigmática de la provincia de Granada. Las conclusiones revelan que los nuevos pueblos afectaron a un gran número de importantes cortijos, que fueron demolidos o rehabilitados. Además, se demuestran relaciones de usos domésticos y agrícolas articulados en torno al patio en cortijo y pueblo, poniendo de relieve una sorprendente equivalencia dada la diferencia de escala y época de ambas arquitecturas.
La presente investigación explora la oportunidad de revitalizar los pueblos de colonización surgidos tras la Guerra Civil española centrándose en la mejora energética de la envolvente de sus viviendas para reforzar la resiliencia de su arquitectura vernácula ante el cambio climático y el desarrollo urbano sostenible. A partir del examen de arquetipos representativos en tres localidades proyectadas por el arquitecto José García-Nieto Gascón, se evidencian carencias térmicas que justifican intervenciones de rehabilitación energética. Los resultados obtenidos permiten sentar las bases para futuros protocolos de intervención como herramientas estratégicas para sustentar la viabilidad de una gestión integral orientada a la regeneración del tejido urbano y la sostenibilidad de estos singulares núcleos. El planteamiento integra la conservación patrimonial como parte de un marco más amplio de regeneración urbana, cuya implementación podría resultar decisiva para garantizar la prosperidad de estas comunidades.
Se busca estimar el área fotovoltaica requerida para departamentos en Lima, Perú; aplicando la fórmula de rendimiento anual de la Agencia Internacional de Energía (AIE). Un desafío clave identificado es la falta de datos estandarizados de consumo eléctrico por tipología de vivienda. Utilizando la Encuesta de Consumo y Uso de Energía Residencial (ERCUE, 2009-2021) y los umbrales del Fondo de Compensación Eléctrica Social (FOSE, 2001/2022), se determinaron niveles de consumo estándar para departamentos de 1, 2 y 3 dormitorios. Los departamentos con 1 o 2 dormitorios y umbrales de consumo bajos son adecuados para soluciones fotovoltaicas de un solo panel debido al espacio reducido, mientras que los de 3 dormitorios con mayor consumo plantean desafíos de diseño. Bajo condiciones restrictivas, las áreas fotovoltaicas pueden considerar tolerancias de -15.83% a 11.46% comparadas con dimensiones específicas de paneles. Estos hallazgos respaldan el diseño arquitectónico de edificios multifamiliares energéticamente eficientes en etapa temprana.
This paper belongs to the field of Construction History and is part of ongoing research that investigates the contribution of construction companies to the industrialization of the building sector in Italy in the second half of the twentieth century. The aim is to compare the national evolution of construction techniques related to industrialization with the work of some construction companies. Borini’s experience can be well explored, as the original archive of the company is well preserved. Borini was an Italian construction company (1860s-2000s) that since 1963 used prefabrication and industrialization systems, having been constantly committed to construction process optimization. Through two case studies, the analysis investigates the use of techniques for mechanization of reinforced concrete castings, with different degrees of complexity. Unlike other Italian companies, Borini’s repertoire was composed of different industrialized construction techniques, mixed and constantly updated. Furthermore, the vast portfolio of achievements is useful for future research.
This paper presents the methodology used for the dynamic identification and the vibration serviceability assessment of the 270 m pedestrian footbridge in the Desembocadura del Guadalhorce Natural Park, M & aacute;laga, Spain. Designed by Media Madera Ingenieros Consultores S.L., the structure comprises 215 tonnes of glulam timber and almost 15 tonnes of stainless steel, adapted to withstand the marine environment. After its commissioning in 2020, dynamic tests were carried out to estimate its modal properties. Five bending and torsional modes below 3.7 Hz were identified, all with damping ratios above 1.5 % and prone to be excited by the standard pedestrian activity. The resonant pedestrian transits generated peak accelerations of up to 1.0 m/s(2), with maximum RMS values below 0.60 m/s(2). These results lead to the conclusion that the structure is fully functional and suitable for its intended use in green space environments.
The discontinuity of wood fibres at the intersections of beam-column connections poses challenges to the transmission of moments between these elements. Some engineering solutions employ different mechanical principles to solve this problem. For example, the polygonal arrangement of connectors is a widely adopted solution; the connectors are inserted perpendicularly to the bending plane and act in shear. Another example is the lever mechanism, which balances the moment through a torque created by the tension of a metal connector and compression against the wood. An innovative proposal involves reinforced concrete nodes, where the continuity of the bending moment is ensured by glued-in rods anchored in the timber beam and column with structural epoxy resin. Another solution is the pre-stressed connection, where the balancing moment is achieved by adjusting the compressive stresses introduced by the prestress. This work aims to present, classify, and compare these solutions in terms of structural behaviour.
The Winery District of Baltan & aacute;s, located in the region of Cerrato (Palencia), has been declared an Asset of Cultural Interest in the category of Ethnological Ensemble. It has three hundred and seventy-four cellars inside which it is common to find a wooden wine press. With the aim of increasing knowledge for the conservation of the cellars, this work analysed the construction and operation of the press, and samples were taken to identify the wood species and find out their properties. Unusual species were found in structures such as elm, sorb and juniper, with sorb standing out as having a higher density, stiffness, penetration resistance, surface hardness and strength than the rest. Finally, the elm wood of the beam was assigned a strength class of D30 and the structure was calculated, highlighting that the beam strength was adequate.
Low and mid-rise residential timber buildings offer numerous sustainability advantages. However, constructing such buildings in Chile requires methods that enhance the efficiency of industrialization and project development processes. This research explored implementing a modular product platform based on BIM, using a Design Science methodology. This approach facilitated understanding and defining the problem, leading to a solution for digitally model existing designs using modules made of standardized components. BIM software and parametric programming software were employed. The preliminary results demonstrated that the proposed platform could be an effective tool for optimizing Design for Manufacture and Assembly processes and digital modelling of multi-family low and mid-rise residential timber buildings.
Is analysed renowned architectural works in Chile, developed by expert professionals who study and address the fundamental technical criteria of structural strength, fire resistance, thermal and acoustic insulation, as well as environmental performance attributes, sustainability. Some of the professionals were interviewed to understand details about safety and protection of wood. Highlights the need for a detailed technical specification that serve as dissemination of the attributes of wood. Those that are typically reported to the authorities through structural calculations and reports. An additional effort is proposed to adapt this information, that is understandable for users, using indicators to evaluate attributes specified as technical requirements, itemized and certifications such as those for sustainable buildings created by the Institute of Construction, attaching tests, trials, and certifications that provide market guarantees. The analysis of perspective of technical specifications (complexity, sustainability, sophistication, and lifecycle) can be use their attributes in benchmarking, performance, model for other actors developing confidence for both clients and the market.
The Convent of Nuestra Se & ntilde;ora de Gracia, located in & Aacute;vila, features a unique roof that covers two structures built 400 years apart: the southern block, from the 16th century, and the western block, from the mid-20th century. The aim of this research is to detail the stages involved in the construction of this roof. To achieve this, a hypothesis is proposed regarding the steps taken during the construction process. The methodology includes, firstly, the review of photographs and existing plans of the convent, as well as the creation of detailed plans of the roof. Secondly, non-destructive testing (NDT) was carried out on site. Finally, laboratory analyses and structural assessments were conducted to validate the proposed hypothesis.
The stained-glass window at Guanarteme church in Las Palmas de Gran Canaria has been restored. A pathological study was conducted with the agreement of all involved institutions. The study considered the structural mechanics, construction materials, and factors causing deterioration. Based on this, a new structural reinforcement design was created. The analysis results suggest that the design will reduce wind-induced deformation and collapse risk. The design will maintain constant structural dynamic characteristics over time, enabling better control and maintenance in the future. This is essential for the durability and sustainability of our architecture.
The Atilio Paiva Olivera football stadium, located in the Uruguayan city of Rivera, is composed of four reinforced concrete stands, the first built in 1966 and the others in 1994. Given the verification of injuries in 2022, the Municipality of Rivera, owner of the property, agreed with the Faculty of report with the aim of evaluating the state of conservation with an emphasis on structural performance. For this purpose, a team of teachers was formed who implemented a methodology based on the characterization of materials and components, the identification of damage and structural analysis. The study provided inputs that allow the Municipality to define actions towards the use of as well as the main results and conclusions reached.
