Lime mortar is the traditional mortar used during the olden days for building purposes due to its greater strength and its resistance to water and other impurities from the atmosphere. Due to its lower elasticity nature and spreading area, it is not preferred nowadays. But, it is preferred for restoring the historical monuments and places due to its strength and resistance. Hence, to improve its performance better, various additive agents were added to it. To reduce the cost and also to increase the strength, natural polymers were used. Likewise, in this, the natural polymer Prosopsis julifora (PJF) improves the mortar's quality. The PJF is rich in carbohydrates and natural water retention capacity. Due to this, the carbonation process and elasticity of the mortar are increased. The PJF extract is mixed in 1, 3, and 5% with lime mortar to observe its efficiency in terms of consistency, strength, durability, and natural resistance to water and salt crystalline. Among these three PJF sample types and reference sample-based mortar, the PJF-5% shows the best result compared to the other sample in all the analyses. Therefore, PJF-5% can increase the elasticity and produce greater strength after ninety days of the hardening process.
Subject of this paper is the Abies georgei var. smithii forest in the Shergyla mountain of Tibet, China. With environmental factor, ecosystem stability, ecosystem diversity, and ecosystem structure as evaluation criteria, this paper built an Evaluation Index System (EIS) with 12 indexes of 4 categories and 2 levels and employed the Fuzzy Comprehensive Evaluation (FCE) method to assess the health status of the target forest. The research results revealed that, among the 25 surveyed sample plots of Abies georgei var. smithii forest, 18 plots are in a healthy or sub-healthy status, accounting for 72% of the total plots, and 8% of the plots are in an unhealthy status. Main factors that affect the forest health conditions include the number of seedlings, species richness, and species diversity, etc.
Ecological issues have always been the focus of China's attention. Green China strategy is also currently a key strategy in China. Ecological protection is already a national consensus. Building an ecological civilization is an important goal of China in the new era, a fundamental plan for the sustainable development of the Chinese nation, and an inevitable way to alleviate the contradiction between man and nature. Faced with the severe situation of tightening resource constraints, serious environmental pollution, and degradation of the ecosystem, it is necessary to establish an ecological civilization concept of respecting, conforming to, and protecting nature, and follow the path of sustainable development. This article analyses the current status of ecological civilization education and introduces a sustainable development model. We make an evaluation of the degree of ecological civilization education construction and give relevant suggestions.
Aiming at the problem that long periods of physical exercise and sports competitive exercise, high risk of injury, and obvious defects in the characteristics of single passive physical training and physical exercise and is difficult to control, a proportion integral differential (PID)-based controller design method for table tennis teaching is proposed. The controller parameters are optimised according to the structure and characteristics of the simulation network. The PID controller based on simulation can adjust PID control parameters online according to the system state, keep the system error within a small range, and quickly restore the system to a stable state when the system is disturbed. When the disturbance is introduced, the speed fluctuation is greatly reduced, and the anti-disturbance ability is significantly improved. The experiment has achieved good results in the table tennis teaching and research section of a sports university; at the same time, it has strong reference significance for the teaching and training of sports in other places.
With the continuous development of rural tourism, rural tourism resources have been developed and utilised, which has increased the income of rural residents, improved the rural industrial structure, and accelerated the development of rural areas. This paper takes Guiyang City as the research object, constructs a comprehensive evaluation system of agricultural economic system and rural tourism system, and uses entropy method to measure the weight of system evaluation index. Based on the coupling coordination model, the level of coupling coordination between agricultural economy and rural tourism in Guiyang is analysed. Research shows that during the period 2007-2019, the comprehensive evaluation index of Guiyang's agricultural economic system and rural tourism system has increased year by year, and its coupling coordination degree has also shown an increasing trend, developing from a severe imbalance stage to a moderate coordination stage, achieving leapfrog growth, but it has not yet reached high-quality coordination. Therefore, Guiyang City should further promote the sustainable development of rural tourism in Guiyang City by tapping the potential of regional advantageous tourism resources, accelerating rural public infrastructure and services, introducing talents, developing tourism products, and innovating rural tourism marketing models, thus providing strong support for regional poverty alleviation tasks.
The environmental impact of producing construction materials is being increasingly analysed in the recent years. This study aims at demonstrating the possibility of reducing the carbon emissions and cost of a structure while at the same keeping the structural performance at a satisfactory level. Optimisation algorithms play a crucial role in this process. In this study a metaheuristic algorithm called the Jaya algorithm was implemented in order to minimise the carbon emission and the cost associated with the production process of concrete and steel. As the indicator of structural performance, the ultimate shear strength was used. Optimum values of reinforcement ratio, concrete compressive strength and cross-sectional dimensions are obtained at different levels of the ultimate shear strength. The results obtained through the CO2 and cost optimisations are compared. It was demonstrated that for a given value of expected ultimate shear strength the optimum design can make nearly an order of magnitude difference in the cost and carbon emission.
In the context of the new era, the construction of ecological civilization is extremely important. This paper studies the construction and development model of ecological civilization education based on the ecological perspective. The research results show that the primary condition for the construction of ecological civilization is to do a good job, to follow the inherent laws of ecological education, to let the educated know the basic content of ecological education and the necessity of ecological education, and to transform the theory combining education with practical education to carry out ecological education.
The complex regional Partial differential equation (PDE) is a common mathematical tool to control environmental pollution and forecast the weather. The traditional numerical solvers of the complex regional PDEs have difficulty in achieving accurate grid meshing. By virtue of its strong approximation ability, Deep neural networks (DNNs) are preferred for solving complex regional PDEs. This paper firstly summarises the weaknesses of traditional numerical methods, and then designs a DNN-based numerical solver for complex regional PDEs. The tests on two important PDEs show that the proposed solver is meshless and easy to implement, and achieves a high precision with a low computing complexity.
At present, the current water quality evaluation methods mainly use single factor evaluation method, which can not truly reflect the water quality. Therefore, the monitoring data of 11 rivers (lakes) in Longquanyi District, Chengdu City, Sichuan Province in January, April and July 2019 were selected, and the water sample data were processed and analysed by single factor evaluation method, comprehensive pollution index method, Nemerow pollution index method and improved Nemerow pollution index method I and II in order to explore the different characteristics and applicability of five methods for surface water quality assessment. The results showed that the water quality in Longquanyi district was generally good and met the demand of water quality. All the five methods had different applicable conditions and distinct characteristics. Therefore, methods can be selected according to the selection of pollution factors and numerical distribution of evaluation results, which will be more scientific and stable.
Due to the continuous expansion of the scale of urban construction and the influx of population, the ecological environment of the city has suffered unprecedented destruction, more green spaces are covered by modern buildings, more and more species are gradually disappearing, and environmental pollution is becoming more and more serious. In the context of developing a green economy and promoting the sustainable development of our society, designing the urban environment with the concept of ecological design has become a very urgent task. This paper takes the ecological utilisation of rainwater in rehabilitation functional area as the research object, studies indoor and outdoor space design. The expected effects of low impact development (LID) measures are evaluated in order to provide a reference for the ecological utilisation of rehabilitation functional area.
The degree of tourist climatic comfort is based on climatic comfort, a highly professional branch of comfort that combines tourist features. Ignoring the characteristics of tourism, a direct application of climate comfort to the tourism industry is obviously inappropriate. The wind effect index (K)/humidity-temperature index (THI) and clothing index (ICL) indicators frequently used in the current study are directly derived from the research results of climate comfort. The scope of these indicators (conditions) has strict requirements, and direct application is obviously biased. This paper has two main objectives: First, to clarify the differences between tourism climate comfort index (TCCI), climate comfort index (CCI), tourism comfort index (TCI); Second, the rationality and applicability of wind effect index /clothing index/humidity-temperature index is worth discussing, which is widely used in academic circles, it is necessary to distinguish six factors in practical application; Third, the empirical results show that the explanation and statistical performance of the Universal Thermal Climate Index for Shanghai inbound tourists is more excellent.
Renewable energy extraction is a fast-growing sector, and many promising projects in Wave energy extraction (WEE) have been developed. For marine areas with a high energy potential, wave energy floating structures, also called Wave energy converters (WEC), take advantage of both the water and wave-induced motions. Starting from the fact that the shape of the converter is the most significant factor in obtaining resonance conditions, the study of different WEC designs will also provide information on the seakeeping characteristics and the hydrodynamic response in various waves regime. The numerical results obtained using the Computational fluid dynamics method denote that the Response amplitude operator (RAO) of WEC converters can be optimised following specific environmental conditions and specific frequency spectrum of waves. In this regard, an analysis of wave regimes was necessary to draw up in the western part of the Black Sea. From a long-term analysis, 1971-2017 period, for the Romanian Black Sea shelf, the calm sea state (<= 0.2 m) occurs half of the time, and wind waves propagate with the same rate from NE-ENE (33.5%) and E-ESE (similar to 34%). Furthermore, this analysis was the basis of shape design investigation, in Ansys software, according to the RAO criterion for the heave motion control of WEC.
The enhancement of environmental awareness in past years results in the global trend of green MICE to move towards the idea of sustainable operation. The future trend of the MICE industry would stress more on environmental protection, avoid unnecessary pollution and waste, and give the Earth pure space. Aiming at supervisors and employees in the MICE industry in Taiwan, as the research samples, 280 copies of questionnaire are distributed, and 237 valid copies are retrieved, with a retrieval rate of 85%. The research results reveal that: (i) the future trend of the MICE industry would stress more on environmental protection, avoid unnecessary pollution and waste, and give the Earth pure space; (ii) the higher emphasis on the sustainable development of the MICE industry has international MICE regard the implementation of the spirit of sustainable tourism in host areas/organisers as important considerations, and (iii) top five indicators, among 14, are ordered campaign planning, site planning, food procurement, environmental protection and energy saving, green procurement. According to the results to propose conclusions, it is expected to clarify the substantial content of green MICE, make green standards generally accepted by the MICE industry, and implement the ideas of green environmental protection and corporate social responsibility in the MICE industry.
In this research, local names and usage areas of some plants have been compiled and given with the ethnobotanical study carried out in and around Seyfe Lake (Kirsehir) in 2018 and 2019. This study was carried out to determine the ethnobotanical characteristics of some economically important plants around Lake Seyfe. Around the lake there are six villages in total, namely Seyfe, Gumuskumbet, Yazikinik, Budak, Kizildag and Eskidoganli. 32 plants used for medicinal and food purposes were identified in the region. The purpose of use of these plants and how they are used are given within the scope of interviews with local people and information compiled from source persons. It has been determined that a total of 32 plant taxa belonging to 17 families are used by the local people in the research region. As a result of the study, local names, medicinal and food uses and other ethnobotanical characteristics of 32 taxa were given. It has been observed that the plants used by the public mainly belong to the families of Amaranthaceae, Asteraceae, Caryophyllaceae and Polygonaceae.
In order to achieve the goal of environmental protection, it is necessary to raise people's awareness of environmental conservation, emphasise the importance of protecting ecological resources and preserve the natural environment for sustainable life. In addition, it is important to actively advocate the concept of wise use of wetlands through various platforms and marketing opportunities. The local residents of Shandong local environmental protection advocacy participated in the current study. In this study, 500 questionnaires were distributed using random sampling method, and 378 valid questionnaires were recovered, with a recovery rate of 76%. According to the results, this paper draws a conclusion to help people understand the basic notion of environmental science and gain the ability to recognise, understand and criticise environmental problems, so as to improve the attitude towards environmental protection.
Additive technologies (ATM) are one of the most promising ways to reduce environmental pollution and solve various environmental problems. However, their widespread use is limited by the presence of high roughness, unevenness, cracks, and pores in the surface layer of the products. This paper investigates the possibility of improving the surface of ATM products through low-energy electro spark deposition (ESD) with low-melting AlSi electrodes. The research work consists of two parts. In the first part, a considerable decrease in the roughness and surface defects of metal alloys based on Ti and Fe has been achieved by ESD. This section examines the impact of ESD regimes on the composition, structure, and wear resistance of coatings. The conditions for ESD have been determined and optimised, in which as a result of the targeted synthesis of new wear-resistant phases and amorphous-crystalline structures a simultaneous reduction of roughness and surface defects and increase of wear resistance of treated surfaces are realised. The environmental benefits of both technologies are presented. Their joint application makes it possible to avoid energy- and resource-intensive finishes, expand the scope of 3D printing and reduce labour costs, energy, and materials, as well as significantly reduce environmental pollution.
Studying the water absorption of the root system has great significance in terms of cultivation and irrigation. Previous studies generally employed data simulations and mechanical models with few studies using data-driven models. In this study, we filled this gap by revising the intervention analysis model to analyse the water absorption process of winter wheat roots. Using data from Shangqiu, we designed different intervention patterns and built many intervention analysis models to study the impact of water absorption on soil moisture content at depths 40 cm. We reached the following two conclusions. The water absorption patterns at the depth of 40 cm approximate the discrete absorption process. At the depths of 40 cm, the water absorption of the wheat rhizome has an immediate effect on soil moisture content. Moreover, we verify our models by explaining the results with widely accepted models, figures, and laws from the previous research. Our work is significant for better understanding the rules and mechanisms of water uptake within the water wheat root systems during the jointing and booting stages.
The growing interest in environmentally friendly production technologies in recent decades has led to a significant increase in the role of additive technologies (ATM) in metalworking. However, their development is limited by the high roughness, irregularities and pores in the surface layer of the products. In this regard the present work is aimed at reducing surface defects and expanding the scope of ATM application by electrospark deposition (ESD) with electrodes of low-melting AlSi alloys. The influence of ESD operating conditions on the geometric and tribological characteristics, composition and structure of coatings on metal alloys based on Ti and Fe obtained by ATM was studied. The research work consists of two parts. The first part presents the results of the study of the influence of ESD modes on the topography, geometric characteristics and microhardness of the obtained coatings. The process parameters and the conditions for ESD are determined, under which the erasure of the surface defects is achieved and more than twice the height- and functional parameters of the initial roughness are reduced. The combined application of these two environmental technologies avoids time-consuming finishing work, expands the scope of 3D printing and reduces environmental pollution.
The present study presents the relationship between temperature inversions and anthropogenic pollution with urban emissions in the city of Sofia for the period 2013-2017. The physico-geographical conditions of the Bulgarian capital are a major factor influencing the climate in the urban environment along with their relation with air pollution. The analysis from aerological observations of the number of days with ground and elevated inversions with lower boundary of 850 hPa in Sofia shows that the maximum number of inversions is observed in winter, mostly in December - an average of 18 days. The absolute maximum number of days with temperature inversions in Sofia is December 2014 - 23 days and January 2016 - again with 23 days. The maximum annual number of days with inversions is 109 in 2016. The main air pollutants in the city are PM10 and PM2.5. The maximum values of PM10 were measured in January 2014 - 131 mu g/m(3) (2.6 times above the 24-hour limit values), and of PM2.5 in December 2013 - 97 mu g/m(3). The peaks of the particulate matter are reported in winter, the months with the most days with exceedances are January and December. Bivariate relationship analyses show a low to high positive correlation - 0.3-0.5 between number of days with temperature inversions and monthly mean concentrations of atmospheric pollutants in the city of Sofia for the period 2013-2017.
The article presents a study of an acoustic barrier element of classical type with a different shape. The purpose of the study is to determine the most effective form of the element in terms of further conversion of acoustic energy into electrical energy. The influence of the three types of barrier in a given frequency range is studied.
