: Sub-sector of livestock has an important role in the life and development of human resources in Indonesia. An important issue on agribusiness beef cattle is a continuous population decline every year. The application of technology has to be initiated in order to obtain production efficiency and production cost efficiency. One of the factors that affect the productivity of livestock is feed. The major constraints of ruminant feed are low quality of forage, the low level of palatability and digestibility. To solve this problem is making forage waste into wafer feed supplement. The aim of this experiment was to determine the nutrient content on wafer feed supplement and productivity of local calf that were given by wafer feed supplement. This research was conducted at Laboratory of Feed Industry, Bogor Agricultural University and the performance test at Karya Anugrah Rumpin Corporation on March-April 2016. To determine the nutrient content of wafer feed supplements used proximate analysis. The experiment of productivity used 12 heads of male local calves (Sumba Ongol calves) with average body weight around 136±22.46 kg with ages around 12-18 months. The experimental local calves were maintained individually. The experimental design used randomized block design with four treatments and three replications. The treatments were feeding patterns of wafer feed supplement i.e., T1 = 0% by feeding wafer supplement+concentrate+king grass, T2 = 10% by feeding wafer supplement+concentrate+king grass, T3 = King grass+10% by feeding wafer supplement+concentrate, T4 = Concentrate+king grass+10% by feeding wafer supplement. The parameters measured were productivity of local calves, i.e., daily weight gain, final body weight, consumption, dry matter and organic matter digestibility, blood cholestrol, blood glucose, blood protein. It was concluded that feeding pattern wafer feed supplement can increase consumption and not influence condition of local calves. It was concluded that daily weight gain by feeding wafer supplement feed 42-45% higer than conventional feed. High crude protein of wafer feed supplement is good supplement for ruminant in the tropic.
The aim of this study was economic evaluation and investigation of some factors such as season and demographic characters (manager characters) on some productive and reproductive efficiency in sheep production farms under Egyptian conditions. Data were randomly collected from commercial sheep farms from different localities in Menofia governorate located in the south of Nile delta in Egypt. The data included seasons grouped into (cold season) extended from 21 September to 20 March and (warm season) from 21 March to 20 September to determine its effect on birth weight, litter size and kidding interval. The data were collected, summarized and analyzed by statistical computer program (SPSS/PC, 16). The results of the study revealed that warm season had higher parameters for birth weight, litter size and kidding interval than cold season as recorded 2.91 kg, 1.61 and 9.13 months. The manager characters has a significant effect on production of sheep farms as about 31% in production changes were attributed to the changes in demographic characters such as educational level and age of producer. Keywords : Sheep production farms, manager characters, economic losses Cite this Article Mostafa IA, Ibrahim SS. Impact of some factors on profitability of sheep farms under Egyptian conditions. Research & Reviews: Journal of Veterinary Science and Technology . 2018; 7(2): 5–9p
It is widely accepted that adequate feeding strategies in gestating sows are important for fetal growth and survival. Recently, amino acid nutrition in pigs has been used effectively to improve pregnancy outcomes, especially, conditionally essential amino acids for gestating swine such as arginine and glutamine. Their angiogenic effect during pregnancy has provided an effective approach to solve reduced litter size and to improve sow’s reproductive performance. In association with amino acid nutrition in sow diets, placental vascularization and uterine capacity are factors that contribute to mitigate Intrauterine Growth Restriction (IUGR), a common problem in both human medicine and animal production, including swine production. The purpose of this review is to highlight the effects of maternal amino acid supplementation on intrauterine environment and IUGR presentation and to outline recent scientific advances supporting its beneficial use as a nutritional tool in gestating sow diets.
This study was determined to prevalence and antimicrobial resistance of E. coli and Salmonella isolated from wild animals at Khon Kaen Zoo, Northeast of Thailand. The 140 samples were collect from reptile (34), birds (46) and mammals (60) by rectal swab technique during August-October 2016. Wild animals infected E. coli and Salmonella were 66.4 and 10.7%, respectively. All isolations were tested for antimicrobial sensitivity against ampicillin, ceftazidine, chloramphenicol, ciprofloxacin, gentamicin, nalidixic acid, streptomycin, sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim and tetracycline. E. coli and Salmonella isolates were resistant to 40.9, 6.5, 9.7, 2.2, 4.3, 2.2, 32.3, 17.2, 36.6% and 13.3, 6.7, 13.3, 20.0, 13.3, 6.7, 73.3, 13.3, 6.7%, respectively. Infection of E. coli and Salmonella in wild animals was impact to animal health, especially, infant animals besides infected animals were carriers and can spread to other animals, environment and their keepers. The infection can be minimized by good management and good quality of feed.
Beef imports began to be restricted, resulting in increased production of local calves beef encouraged to be improved. As an example of the development of local livestock is Pasundan Cattle as an indigenous cattle in West Java. Livestock productivity required a variety of factors, one of which is the quality of feed. Limitation of livestock productivity in several areas in Indonesia are low quality of feed, restricted of forage especially in dry season. A feed processing technology that might be adopted by to farmers the feed of wafers. Feed wafer processing technology is easy and cheap, and easily to stored, and easily given to livestock. The aim of this research to assess the effect of wafer feed supplement containing Leucaena leaf on the production of Pasundan calves. The research was conducted at Laboratory of Feed Industry, Faculty of Animal Science, Bogor Agricultural University and animal conducted on Ciamis, West Java, Indonesia. The average body weight in range 99 ± 20 kg. The design used was a randomized block design with 4 treatments and 5 blocks as replication consisting of T0 = control, T1 = conventional feed + 5% wafer feed supplement, T2 = conventional feed + 10% wafer feed supplement and T3 = conventional feed + 15% wafer feed supplement. Parameters were consumption of dry matter and protein, average body weight, final body weight and blood haematology profile. The average daily weight gain by giving 10% of wafer feed supplement to pasundan calves is 58% most highest than other treatment. Final body weight of local calves by giving 10% of wafer supplement most higest than other treatment. The final body weight by giving 10% of wafer supplement around 14% higher than giving conventional feed.
: The experiment was conducted to find out the nutritive value of different cuts of goat carcass. Ninety samples (6 cuts (shoulders, breasts, legs, rack, loin and necklaces)×3 diets×5 kids/diet) were used. Animals were divided according to 3 diets (SOL group: kids received Stipa tenacissima +olive leaves, OH: kids received oat hay and GH group: animals received grass hay). This research made to compare physicochemical quality and fatty acid of meat of cuts for kids feed by different diets. Results obtained showed that the chemical composition was not affected by the diet, exception to phosphorus which was higher in SO group (60.81±1.86). On the contrary, exceptions to protein content, other physicochemical parameters have been varied between cuts. Colors were higher in the shoulders compared to other cuts. The diet did not affect fatty acid profile but was varied between cuts, especially, omega 3 and omega 6 which were higher in the legs followed by the rack. The different cuts were rich in vitamin B; the breast was poorer in water-soluble vitamins.
Page No.: 43-46 Volume: 19, Issue 4, 2020 ISSN: 1680-5593 Journal of Animal and Veterinary Advances Copy Right: Medwell Publications Abstract: Body Condition Score (BCS) is a very important management tool in livestock particularly because of its association with health, reproduction and production performances in cattle. However, there is a little information on Body Condition Score (BCS) of Ankole cattle and their effect on reproduction, production and longevity. The objective of the study was to evaluate body condition score and its influence on production and reproduction performances as well as health status of Ankole cows in Nyagat are district of Rwanda. Based on the sampling frame, 60 Ankole cattle were evaluated and primary data were collected through visual, touch and feel on the external part of the body while the existing records were used as secondary data. Results showed that BCS had an influence on longevity, disease prevalence, physical appearance, production and reproduction performances in Ankole cows. High percentage (25%) of Ankole cows had a body condition score of three. These cows had normal reproduction performance compared to the rest of cows. The healthiest cows were found to be in the BCS of 3-5. This means that better BSC for disease prevalence was$3. It is suggested that farmers should use the BCS as a management tool to improved productivity of Ankole cows.
Standing sedation is an efficient alternative to general anesthesia in horses and a necessity is present for development of new sedative combinations with minimal adverse effects.Therefore, this study was designed to investigate the effect of xylazine given alone or in combination with fentanyl or nalbuphine on some hematobiochemical parameters in horses.Five adult healthy horses were randomly assigned to receive three treatments at 1 week interval as follows, XYL group (0.55 mg kgG 1 of xylazine IV); XYL/FEN group (0.55 mg kgG 1 of xylazine IV with 4.92 µg kgG 1 of fentanyl IV) and XYL/NAL (0.55 mg kgG 1 of xylazine IV with 0.3 mg kgG 1 of nalbuphine IV).Venous blood samples were collected before (baseline) and at 8, 15, 30, 60, 90 and 120 min after xylazine administration.All studied variables were analyzed using a one-way Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) and the level of significance was set at p<0.05.Significant decrease in Red Blood Cell Count (RBCs), Hemoglobin (Hb) concentrations, Packed Cell Volume (PCV%) was detected in XYL group at most sampling times compared to XYL/NAL group with the absence of significant alterations in these parameters in XYL/FEN group.Significant decrease in platelet counts was only observed in XYL group.Serum Total Protein (TP) and albumin concentrations were also significantly decreased in XYL group while a significant increase in blood glucose concentrations was observed in XYL/FEN group.Mostly, no significant changes were reported in leukogram, blood pH and serum levels of electrolytes and minerals with all sedative protocols evaluated in this study.In conclusion, it was found that both fentanyl and nalbuphine were effective in ameliorating the depressant effect of xylazine on red blood cell indices, platelet counts and serum concentrations of TP and albumin, however, fentanyl/xylazine combination may be not recommended in diabetic animals.
Neospora caninum is now recognized as a major cause of abortion in cattle worldwide.The prevalence of N. caninum infection in buffaloes reported worldwide caused the buffalo considered to be an important intermediate host of N. caninum even though the role of N. caninum infection in buffalo is still unclear.At present, there was only few reports concerned N. caninum infection in buffaloes from Thailand.We examined the seroprevalence of N. caninum antibodies in 112 clinical healthy buffaloes from the central, Thailand using a commercial competitive ELISA (VMRD, Pullman, USA).Antibodies to N. caninum were found in 78 out of 112 buffaloes (69.6%).Our study showed the high seroprevalence of N. caninum infection in buffaloes from Thailand.To our knowledge, this is the first report of N. caninum infection in Murah, river buffaloes and crossbred buffaloes in Thailand.
Over 2 years as a part of a surveillance program, 2038 one half milk samples were collected from dairy goats representing 12 German herds.Microbiological investigation of the samples revealed positive bacterial growth in 17.3% of them.Biochemical identification of the field isolates detected Non-Aureus Staphylococci (NAS) in 10.4%, Corynebacteria in 3.2%, Streptococci in 0.8%, S. aureus in 0.7%, other bacteria in 1.0%.Meanwhile, mixed bacterial growth was shown in 2.2% of the samples.To identify the NAS isolates at their species level the detection of their biochemical properties alone using a commercial test kit enabled the correct identification of a randomized selection of the field isolates only in 11.4%.For further identification, a combination of two other identification techniques (antibiotic resistance profiles and molecular assays) was additionally applied.By doing so, it was possible to identify 69 (58.5%) out of 118 isolated presumptive NAS field strains at their species level.The detected species included S.
One of the livestock products that play an important role in improving food security in Indonesia is beef.Increased income, changes in consumption patterns and population growth and increased public knowledge about nutrition affect the need for the number of cattle being slaughtered as one of the producers of meat protein in Indonesia.The purpose of this research was to determine the production capacity and consumption of beef in the province of East Nusa Tenggara (NTT).This research was conducted in NTT for 6 months, starting from Juli to Desember, 2019.This study of beef consumption is included in the case study classification.The type of data used in this study are primary and secondary data obtained from sources related to this study.Analysis of the data obtained was carried out descriptively, namely analysis carried out by way of explanation, writing and statements that could be in the form of words (qualitative) and numbers (quantitative).Data analysis was conducted to determine the production capacity of beef cattle, beef production and consumption of beef.The results of this study indicate that cutting cattle to meet the needs of the resident in NTT is increasing year by year along with the rate of resident growth and lifestyle of the community.The cuts carried out are still within the limits of Law which is under 10% of the total cattle population in NTT.But the slaughter of these livestock did not meet the standards of nutrition and animal protein needs.This is because the consumption of protein from beef products in NTT has only reached 12% of the ideal total protein requirement for each person.
One hundred forty four 10-day old male Arbor Acres (320±5g) broiler chicks were used to compare the responses in liver function to dietary supplementation of milk thistle (Silybum marianum), artichoke (Cichorium intybus) and olive (Olea europaea) extracts with gemfibrozil and atorvastatin, in broiler chickens fed with a lipogenic diet. Birds raised in the standard experimental conditions and received a pelleted grower diet (control) supplemented with milk thistle (250 mg/kg), artichoke (200 mg/kg), olive (150 mg/kg) extracts, atorvastatin (20 mg/kg) and gemfibrozil (1800 mg/kg) up to day 42 of age. Liver weight and liver fat parentages were 1.62 and 6.04%, respectively, in the birds fed with the un-supplemented basal diet (control) and modified by +0.21 and -2.13, +0.11 and -1.21, +0.14 and -1.40, -0.07 and -2.36, +0.07 and -0.38% in the birds received milk thistle, artichoke, olive extracts, gemfibrozil, and atorvastatin, respectively. The milk thistle-added diet elicited a significant reduction in serum activity of aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase at day 35 of age. Dietary olive extract at 150 mg/kg reduced liver fat at day 35 of age compared with those grown on the basal diet (P < 0.05). The serum concentration of triglycerides was lower (P < 0.05) in the birds fed with diets enriched with artichoke (34.86 mg/dL) and olive extract (40.63 mg/dL) compared with those fed with the supplemented control diet at day 35 of age. It was concluded that milk thistle exerted greater promising hepatoprotective effects compared with other remedies. Gemfibrozil exhibited a greater hepatoprotective and blood lipid-lowering effect than atorvastatin in broiler chicken.
The aim of this study was to assess the effect of ginger on the fertility of male rabbits, in order to get benefit of its useful effect on semen quality and the reproductive performances.Twenty adult male New Zealand white rabbits (5-6 months old) and weighing (3-3.5 kg) were used.The bucks were divided into two equal groups; group A that kept as control (n = 10) and group B (n = 25) where bucks subjected to oral administration of ginger aqueous extract in a dose of 200 mg kgG 1 daily for 4 weeks.Both groups were kept under standard conditions and allowed free access to pelleted ration and water ad libitum.At the end of the experiment, semen was collected for analysis of; ejaculate volume, sperm motility, count and abnormalities.In addition, sera were used for determination of testosterone level, Total Antioxidant Capacity (TAC) and Malondialdehyde concentration (MDA).Histological examination of testes and epididymis from both groups was performed.The obtained results revealed that ginger treated bucks showed; no change in ejaculate volume, a significant increase in the individual sperm motility, sperm count with a significant decrease in the percentage of abnormal spermatozoa, a significant increase in testosterone level, TAC with a significant reduction in MDA concentration in ginger as compared with the control.The histological examination of testes and epididymis showed no abnormalities in both groups with accumulation of the spermatozoa in the lumen of the seminiferous tubules, increased epithelial cells height of the epididymis with overcrowded lumens with sperms in ginger treated bucks.It could be concluded that ginger has a positive effect on the male fertility which could be attributed to the antioxidant and androgenic activity of ginger.
The aim of this study was to determine the productivity aspects (production and reproduction) of Bali cattle based on agroecosystems that include pasture, agriculture, plantation and forest on Timor Island.Therefore, from January-December 2018, research on the performance of Bali cattle production-based agroecosystem was conducted.The research location was chosen purposively representing agroecosystems of pasture, agriculture, plantation and forest.The number of respondents was 5-10% of the number of cattle farmers in each agroecosystem that had >10 Bali cattle.The respondents were interviewed using a questionnaire prepared.Field observations were also conducted to measure the performance of Bali cattle production.The data analysis used the Importance-Performance Analysis method which was processed through a computerized SPSS program and the results were explained descriptively.The results of this study indicated that the level of importance and performance of Bali cattle in the pasture, agriculture, plantation and forest agroecosystems showed the same conditions where the performance (productivity) of Bali cattle in each agroecosystem was good for such attributes as body weight, calf crop, and conception rate.Meanwhile, the attributes that need to be considered and improved are the quality and quantity of SKT, oestrus age, first coitus age, oestrus cycle, oestrus duration, service per conception, length of calf pregnancy, age of first calving, days open, calving interval and rate of increase population.Thus the productivity of Bali cattle scattered in pasture, agriculture, plantation and forest agro-ecosystems in general is still low.
1, Babelhadj Baaissa, Benaissa Atika, Adamou Abdelkader, Tekkouk-Zemmouchi Faiza, Ridouh Rania, Djelfaoui Zineb and Guintard Claude Ecole Normale Supérieure de Ouargla, Algeria Laboratory of Ecosystems Protection in Arid and Semi-Arid Zones, University of Kasdi Merbah, 30000 Ouargla, Algeria Labotatory of Health Management and Animal Production, Institute of Veterinary Sciences, University of Constantine, El Khroub, Algeria National Veterinary School of Food and Agrifood, Nantes Atlantique-Onris, Gachet Street, Cs 40706, 44307 Nantes Cedex 03, France Laboratory of Palm Date Cultuvatiions Research “Phœnix”, Kasdi Merbah University of Ouargla, 30000 Ouargla, Algeria
Alexandra Borisovna Vyshtakaliuk, Sergey Sergeevich Khirug, Salima Tachiatullovna Minzanova, Lubov Gennadievna Mironova, Vladimir Fedorovich Mironov, Vladimir Vasilievich Zobov and Stanislav Sergeevich Khirug Arbuzov Institute of Organic and Physical Chemistry, Subdivision of the Federal State Budgetary Institution of Science, “Kazan Scientific Center of Russian Academy of Sciences”, Arbuzov Str. 8, 420088 Kazan, Russian Federation InnOrganica Ltd., Viikinkaari 6, FI-00790 Helsinki, Finland
This study aimed to assess the role of omega-3 PUNFs on male fertility using albino rats in order to get benefit from its use.For this study, fiftsy mature male albino rats weighing 250-300 g and aged 4-6 months were allocated randomly into 2 equal groups; group A that kept as control (n = 25) and group B (n = 25) where rats subjected to oral administration of omega-3 for 2 months in a dose of 375 mg kgG 1 body weight daily.The semen was collected from both groups after 8 weeks for detecting the sperm motility, count and abnormalities.Sera were used for determination of testosterone level.In addition, testis homogenate was used for measuring catalase and malondialdehyde activity.The body weight and sex organs (testis, prostate gland and seminal vesicles) weights were recorded in both groups.Histological examination of testis was performed.The obtained results revealed that group B; omega-3 treated group showed a significant increase in sperm motility, count, testosterone and catalase concentrations with a significant decrease in the percentage of abnormal spermatozoa and malondialdehyde concentration as compared with group A; control.Nochange in both body and sex organs weights was observed in treated group.In addition, numerous sperms in the lumen of the seminiferous tubules with numerous active spermatocytes were observed in the testis of omega-3 treated group.It was concluded that omega-3 PUNFs had a positive and useful effects on the male fertility and could improve semen quality.
Cattle reared at South Omo of Southern Ethiopia play important roles in the livelihood of the people residing in the area.However, due to the remoteness of the area very few scientific studies have taken place and most of the cattle in the region are yet to be studied.The objective of this study was to identify the prevailing cattle production/husbandry practices of Malle cattle.Data were collected through semi-structure questionnaire, field observations and focus group discussions.A total of 360 cattle with different ages were selected randomly from different locations.Data was evaluate using non parametric tests viz.chi-square (χ 2 ) and analysed using descriptive statistics.The major feed resource was natural pasture and source of water was from river.Mating was panmictic and the cattle were raised for milk, income, draft power, dowry, besides others.Body size and conformation, coat color and growth rate were criteria in selecting breeding bulls while cows were selected based on their milk yield, coat color and reproductive efficiency.Reported production constraints were feed and water shortage, disease and recurrent drought.The average age at first mating, age at first calving, calving interval and length of dry period of cows were 45.25±0.87,58.78±0.73,22.7±0.63 and 3.15±0.13months, respectively.The average ages at first mating of bulls' were 46.8±0.83months.Mall cattle showed well adapted under the prevailing harsh environmental conditions.However, communities must be advised on proper rangeland management and improvement measures.
