Embryo transfer (ET) is a reproductive biotechnology used to accelerate the dissemination of superior genetics. However, its success under Indonesian tropical conditions remains variable and may be influenced by physiological and adaptive differences between dairy and beef cattle used as embryo donors. This study compared in vivo embryo production between Holstein-Friesian (HF) and Limousin donor cattle. The study was designed as a comparative observational study using selected donor cattle, comprising 11 HF and 25 Limousin cows maintained under standardized ET management. The observed parameters included superovulatory response, represented by the number of corpora lutea (CL), total ova/embryos collected, fertile embryos, transferable embryos, embryo quality, response rate, and recovery rate. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, and breed differences were analyzed using Welch’s independent t-test when variance heterogeneity was detected, and Cohen’s d was used to estimate effect size. Limousin cows showed higher CL counts than HF cows (12.72 ± 6.98 vs. 6.55 ± 2.88; P < 0.001), produced more total ova/embryos (11.44 ± 6.45 vs. 6.00 ± 3.00; P < 0.001), fertile embryos (9.16 ± 5.17 vs. 3.45 ± 2.81; P < 0.001), and transferable embryos (5.76 ± 4.29 vs. 1.91 ± 2.07; P < 0.001). Response rate between HF and Limousin cows was 94.12% vs. 92.86%, as was the recovery rate (89.92% vs. 90.12%). Overall, these findings indicate that under the conditions of this study, Limousin cattle exhibited higher superovulatory responses and embryo production than HF cattle, although breed-specific protocol optimization remains necessary.
This study aims to formulate a market share enhancement strategy for broiler feed in the Jabodetabek region using Importance-Performance Analysis (IPA). A survey was conducted with 68 PT NH customers in the Jabodetabek region as respondents. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and IPA. The results indicated that competitive pricing (Gap: +1.25), distribution availability (Gap: +1.20), and feed variety (Gap: +0.51) were the key priority attributes requiring improvement. In contrast, after-sales service, feed quality, and nutritional content were in the "Keep Up the Good Work" quadrant. The strategic recommendations derived from the IPA mapping include price restructuring through volume-based discounts and price matching guarantees, distribution network optimization through buffer stock points in Bekasi and Bogor with real-time inventory tracking, and product portfolio expansion through specialized formulations for different broiler growth phases. The implementation of these strategies, prioritizing resource reallocation from low-impact Quadrant D attributes (promotion programs) to critical Quadrant A attributes, is projected to increase market share by 15–20 percent through improved customer satisfaction while simultaneously reducing unnecessary promotional expenditures. This study fills three critical gaps in existing literature: (1) the absence of integrated multi-attribute analysis in feed marketing research, which has previously focused on single factors such as price or distribution in isolation; (2) the lack of attention to the unique logistical and operational characteristics of the Jabodetabek market, which differ fundamentally from other Indonesian regions; and (3) the limited attempts of previous studies to translate diagnostic IPA results into measurable, actionable implementation strategies with specific targets and timelines, rather than generic recommendations. The novelty of this research lies in its integration of IPA diagnostic results with concrete, time-bound strategic programs tailored specifically to the Jabodetabek context, combined with external market dynamics such as the 2026 soybean meal import policy shift and increasing competition from state-owned feed mills. Together, these contributions provide feed companies with a customer-centric, evidence-based framework for competitive positioning in Indonesia's most challenging poultry feed market.
An effective animal feed extension program is expected to support the development of the livestock sector and improve farmers’ welfare. This study aims to analyze farmers’ knowledge of animal feed processing as an outcome of an extension program and to identify the constraints faced in adopting feed processing technologies. The research was conducted at the Putrayasa Livestock Farmer Group in Tenganan Village, Karangasem Regency, Bali, Indonesia. A census method was applied, involving all 54 group members as respondents. Data were collected through observation, interviews, and documentation, and analyzed using quantitative and qualitative descriptive approaches. The results show that farmers’ knowledge of animal feed processing is in the high category, with an average score of 4.06. This indicates that the extension program has been effective in improving farmers’ understanding of feed processing technologies. However, the adoption of these technologies remains limited. The main constraints identified include the inconsistent implementation of processed feed and financial limitations among farmers. These findings suggest that although extension programs are successful in increasing knowledge, additional efforts are required to enhance practical skills and address economic barriers to improve the adoption of feed processing technologies.
This study aimed to evaluate the effects of avocado leaf extract (AE) and carrot leaf extract (CE) on the nutrient intake, growth performance, blood lipid profile, and fat deposition of broilers. Different concentrations of AE and CE were used in this study, namely 2.5% and 5%. T0 = 100% standard diet (control); T1 = 95% standard diet + 2.5% AE + 2.5% CE; T2= 92.5% standard diet + 5% AE + 2.5% CE; and T3 = 92.5% standard diet + 2.5% AE + 5% CE. One hundred one-day-old broilers were randomly assigned to four groups with five replicates of five chickens each and were treated during the grower-finisher period, from 14 to 35 days of age. The results showed that up to 2.5% AE and CE in the diet increased protein intake, energy intake, carcass weight and percentage, and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) (P<0.05), but reduced feed conversion, low-density lipoprotein (LDL), cholesterol, abdominal fat weight, and the percentage of abdominal fat. Body weight was highest at 5% AE, while cholesterol and LDL levels were lowest at 5% CE (P<0.05). In conclusion, avocado and carrot leaf extract up to 2.5% significantly improved nutrient intake, growth performance, and blood profile, and reduced fat deposition in broilers.
This study was conducted to examine the effectiveness of Trametes versicolor, Phanerochaete chrysosporium, Lentinula edodes, and a consortium (Trametes versicolor + Phanerochaete chrysosporium) in enhancing the nutrient content and reducing the fiber fraction of fermented lemongrass waste. This study was conducted at the Faculty of Agriculture, Syiah Kuala University. Using the completely randomized design (CRD) with 5 treatments and 4 replicates, this study examined dry matter, crude protein, crude fiber, crude fat, ash, NFE, ADF, NDF, cellulose, hemicellulose, lignin, and methane emissions. The data were analyzed using ANOVA, followed by Duncan’s multiple range test. This study concludes there is a numerical trend toward higher crude protein content in treatment P4 (Consortium; 5.51 ± 1.26) compared with the control (4.12 ± 0.32); however, the difference was not statistically significant (p = 0.06). However, in the fiber fraction analysis, the NDF content was lowest in the control group (59.68±0.34) compared to treatments P1, P2, P3, and P4. The control treatment exhibited the highest methane emission (7.1 × 10⁴ ppm), whereas the consortium treatment (P4) produced the lowest methane emission (2.96 × 10⁴ ppm). ANOVA revealed a significant effect of treatment on methane emissions (p = 0.009), and Duncan's multiple range test confirmed that the consortium treatment differed significantly from the control. The greatest reduction in the consortium treatment indicates a synergistic effect among the fungi in modifying the substrate, thereby more effectively suppressing methane formation.
