The research examined financial development and current account sustainability in African economies using panel data from 2010 to 2023 from the World Development Indicators (WDI). Unlike previous studies that focused narrowly on single indicators or on other regions, this research adopted a multidimensional approach by analyzing credit to the private sector, broad money supply, stock market capitalization, Foreign Direct Investment (FDI), and terms of trade and exchange rate dynamics. To address endogeneity and capture the persistence of current account positions, the researchers employed a dynamic panel Generalized Method of Moments (GMM) framework, ensuring robust and reliable results. The findings reveal strong persistence in current account balances, suggesting structural factors that maintain external positions over time. Among financial development variables, money supply has a statistically significant and positive effect, indicating that monetary deepening supports external sustainability. In contrast, credit to the private sector and stock market capitalization are statistically insignificant, reflecting shallow and inefficient financial systems across much of Africa. FDI exerts a positive influence, but its effectiveness depends on alignment with national development priorities. Terms of trade and exchange rate changes show weak and inconsistent impacts, underlining the region’s vulnerability to commodity dependence and external shocks. The research contributes novelty in three respects: incorporating multiple dimensions of financial development, providing region-specific evidence for African economies, and applying a dynamic panel GMM framework to strengthen methodological rigor. The results highlight the need to deepen financial institutions, promote export diversification, and enhance regional integration to improve external resilience and long-term macroeconomic stability.
The Maintenance, Repair, and Overhaul (MRO) sector in Indonesia continues to face challenges, particularly the lack of harmonized policies for importing aircraft spare parts across government ministries, resulting in administrative complexity, higher costs, and reduced industry competitiveness. The research aims to identify key policy factors that can improve the aircraft spare parts import process and strengthen the competitiveness of Indonesia’s MRO industry. The novelty of this research lies in its multi-stakeholder policy analysis, integrating perspectives from government regulators, MRO practitioners, and aviation observers to identify regulatory and institutional barriers affecting import activities. The research employs a qualitative approach using a Focus Group Discussion (FGD) involving 15 participants representing relevant ministries, MRO companies, aviation associations, and industry experts. The findings indicate that regulatory harmonization among ministries and the simplification of import procedures are the most critical factors for reducing processing time and operational costs. Participants also highlight the importance of fiscal incentives, integrated digital licensing systems, and stronger domestic MRO capabilities to enhance industry competitiveness. Furthermore, the research emphasizes the need for structured inter-ministerial coordination and closer collaboration between government agencies and private-sector MRO providers to accelerate technology adoption, workforce development, and operational efficiency. These findings provide practical policy recommendations for strengthening Indonesia’s aviation maintenance ecosystem through coordinated regulations, streamlined import procedures, and sustainable industry collaboration.
The research examined the influence of mindful consumption, ego involvement, platform trust, and product involvement on buying intentions toward preloved goods, with impulsive buying tendency as a mediating variable. The novelty of the research lay in extending the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) by integrating impulsive buying tendency to explain consumer behavior in the Indonesian preloved market, which remained underexplored. A quantitative approach was employed by distributing questionnaires to 322 respondents who had purchased preloved items. Samples were selected using a simple random sampling technique, ensuring that every consumer in the population had an equal chance of being included. Then, data were analyzed using Partial Least Squares-Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) to examine both direct and indirect relationships among variables. The results show that ego involvement and platform trust significantly and positively influence buying intentions, while mindful consumption and product involvement do not have a direct effect. However, both variables indirectly influence buying intentions through impulsive buying tendency, which serves as a significant mediator. These findings indicate that consumer decisions in the preloved market are shaped not only by rational considerations but also by emotional impulses and trust in sales platforms. Theoretically, the research enriches TPB by highlighting the impulsive buying tendency as a mediating construct in sustainable consumption. Practically, the results suggest that platform managers should strengthen consumer trust through transparency and secure transactions, while marketers can combine sustainability messages with emotional strategies to enhance buying intentions.
Business success in Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) remains a persistent challenge. There are inconsistent findings regarding the effect of leadership and entrepreneurial competencies on performance, especially when digital capability is considered as an enabling factor. Many studies still examine these variables separately, while limited empirical evidence integrates them within a unified dynamic capability framework. This gap is more evident in women-led culinary MSMEs in West Java, Indonesia. The research examines the role of womenpreneur leadership and entrepreneurial competencies in driving MSME success, with technological capacity serving as a mediating mechanism in culinary MSMEs. The research adopts the dynamic capability perspective to explain how managerial and behavioral resources are transformed into performance outcomes through digital capability. A quantitative approach is applied using data from 384 women-led MSMEs across 27 regencies and cities. Data are analyzed using Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM). The results show that womenpreneur leadership and entrepreneurial competencies significantly influence both technological capacity and business success. Technological capacity also significantly mediates these relationships, confirming its role as a dynamic capability that enables resource integration, digital adaptation, and performance improvement. The research contributes in three ways. First, it addresses the theoretical gap by integrating womenpreneur leadership and entrepreneurial competencies within the dynamic capability framework. Second, it resolves inconsistencies in previous findings by demonstrating the mediating role of technological capacity in strengthening performance outcomes. Third, it provides a contextual contribution by focusing on culinary MSMEs in West Java, an underexplored setting in digital entrepreneurship research.
Despite the significant growth of Internet-based business, studies examining the relationship between the e-servicescape environment and repurchase intention have primarily focused on general consumer populations and diverse online contexts. However, empirical evidence on how e-servicescape dimensions influence repurchase behavior among Gen Y and Gen Z users on Indonesian marketplace platforms remains relatively underexplored. Using a quantitative approach and the Stimulus-Organism-Response (SOR) framework, the researchers propose a conceptual model to investigate the effect of the e-servicescape environment on repurchase intention, with e-trust as a mediating variable. Gen Y and Gen Z users are selected as the target population because they represent the most active online shoppers in Indonesia. Data are collected using a non-probability sampling technique, and a total of 202 valid responses are analyzed using Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM). The findings reveal that the three dimensions of e-servicescape, aesthetic appeal, layout and functionality, and financial security positively and significantly influence both e-trust and repurchase intention. Furthermore, e-trust mediates the relationship between e-servicescape and repurchase intention, indicating that a well-designed and secure digital environment enhances user confidence and encourages repeat purchases. The results also show that Gen Y and Gen Z users particularly value transactional convenience. The research provides practical implications for marketplace developers in optimizing digital interface design and contributes to a more context-specific understanding of the effects of the e-servicescape among younger consumer generations.
Small firms in traditional manufacturing industries face significant resource constraints that undermine the direct translation of innovation and differentiation strategies into marketing performance, thereby requiring technological capability as a supporting mechanism in the proposed model. Although prior studies emphasize innovation, service quality, and differentiation, the mechanism linking these orientations to performance remains underexplored, particularly in small industrial firms. The research investigates how technological capability mediates the effects of product innovation, service quality, and differentiation on marketing performance in small metal firms. The novelty lies in technological capability as an enabling mechanism that amplifies the impact of product innovation and differentiation in traditional metal manufacturing contexts. Drawing on the Resource-Based View (RBV) and Dynamic Capabilities Theory (DCT), the proposed model explains how small firms reconfigure limited resources through technological capability. Using purposive sampling, data from 150 small metal firms are analyzed with Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) with a reflective measurement model. The results show that product innovation, differentiation, and technological capability significantly improve marketing performance, whereas service quality does not. Technological capability mediates the effects of product innovation and differentiation but not service quality, underscoring its central role in resource-constrained manufacturing settings. The research advances a capability-based mediation framework, offering a clearer explanation of how strategic initiatives translate into marketing performance without generalizing findings to medium-sized firms or broader Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) sustainability contexts.
The research examines the influence of training, motivation, and organizational culture on employee performance through job satisfaction among conventional bank employees in Batam. Although previous studies commonly position job satisfaction as a mediating variable between Human Resource Management (HRM) practices and employee performance, empirical findings remain inconsistent and highly dependent on organizational context. This issue is particularly relevant in the banking sector, which operates under strict regulations, standardized procedures, and high service demands. A quantitative approach is employed using data collected from 310 employees through questionnaires. The data are analyzed using Structural Equation Modeling-Partial Least Squares (SEM-PLS). The findings reveal that training, motivation, and organizational culture positively and significantly affect job satisfaction. Training also has a positive and significant direct effect on employee performance. However, motivation, organizational culture, and job satisfaction do not significantly influence employee performance. Furthermore, job satisfaction is unable to mediate the relationships between training, motivation, organizational culture, and employee performance. The research novelty lies in identifying the contextual limitations of job satisfaction as a mediating variable within a highly structured banking environment. The findings extend HRM literature by demonstrating that the mediating role of job satisfaction depends on organizational context. Practically, banks are encouraged to prioritize structured and job-relevant training programs to improve employee performance directly.
As sustainability becomes central to contemporary brand strategy, consumers increasingly expect brands to demonstrate genuine ESG commitment rather than symbolic or promotional communication. The research investigates the influence of Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) branding on consumer trust, emphasizing the mediating role of brand authenticity. Grounded in signaling theory and stakeholder theory, the research employs a Structural Equation Modeling-Partial Least Squares (SEM-PLS) approach using survey data from consumers who are familiar with brands implementing ESG-oriented practices. The findings reveal that ESG branding positively influences brand authenticity and consumer trust, while brand authenticity plays a critical role in strengthening consumer trust. Moreover, brand authenticity partially mediates the relationship between ESG branding and consumer trust, indicating that ESG initiatives are more effective when perceived as authentic and aligned with a brand’s core values. These results suggest that authenticity functions as a key psychological mechanism that transforms ESG initiatives into credible signals, fostering deeper consumer confidence and supporting Sustainable Brand Equity (SBE). From a theoretical perspective, the research enriches the ESG branding literature by integrating brand authenticity as a central mechanism in sustainability-driven brand perception. From a managerial perspective, the findings highlight the importance of implementing transparent, consistent, and value-aligned ESG actions. Brands that authentically embed ESG principles into their identity, rather than relying on superficial promotion, are more likely to build lasting consumer trust, strengthen competitive positioning, and achieve long-term strategic advantage.
The Paylater phenomenon has become integral to financial technology, transforming consumption patterns, especially among the younger generation. However, this ease of access has also raised concerns regarding risky credit behavior and the importance of responsible financial behavior. This situation suggests that many individuals, particularly the younger generation, may lack a sufficient understanding of sound financial management. The growing use of Paylater services, coupled with low financial literacy, is a serious concern, given the potential risks that can arise when Paylater is misused. The research defines responsible financial behavior using indicators of financial literacy, income, and savings. The main research objective is to analyze how financial literacy, income, and savings, as manifestations of responsible financial behavior, influence the financial well-being of young Paylater users, particularly in the Jakarta (Jabodetabek) area. Around 147 people participate in the online sampling. Using Smart-PLS 4 tools for Structural Equation Modeling (SEM), validity, reliability, and hypothesis testing. The results show that two indicators of responsible financial behavior (financial literacy and savings) positively and significantly impact financial well-being. However, as the third indicator, income does not significantly influence financial well-being. It indicates that better financial literacy and savings habits among young Paylater users are associated with higher financial well-being. It also shows that high income does not determine a person’s financial well-being. Instead, the ability to manage income is related to self-control and responsible financial behavior.
The increasing integration of social media into digital gaming environments has altered how players interact, communicate, and respond to various forms of content exposure. Such interaction may create psychological responses that influence consumer decision-making processes, particularly in encouraging unplanned purchasing behavior within gaming ecosystems. Therefore, understanding the psychological mechanisms underlying impulsive buying behavior among female players has become increasingly relevant. The purpose of the research is to analyze Fear of Missing Out (FOMO) as a mediating variable in the relationship between social media interaction and impulsive buying behavior among active female players of the L&D mobile game. The method used is quantitative, involving surveys and online questionnaires distributed through various social media platforms. The data are analyzed using Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM). A total of 354 respondents who meet the predetermined criteria are included in the study sample. The findings indicate significant direct and indirect relationships among the three variables examined. A substantial proportion of the impulsive buying behavior exhibited by active female players of the L&D game who participate on social media can be explained by FOMO as an intervening psychological factor. Furthermore, the research contributes theoretically by identifying FOMO as a mediating psychological mechanism that clarifies impulsive buying behavior among Indonesian female mobile gaming players. Practically, the findings offer valuable insights for marketers, game developers, and digital communication strategists in formulating social media engagement strategies.
The research investigated how the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) factors, attitudes, subjective norms, and perceived behavioral control influenced cyberloafing among employees at PT XYZ, and how such behavior subsequently related to employee performance. While prior literature often assumed that cyberloafing reduced productivity, the research challenged that perspective by examining its potential as a form of workplace micro-break. Data were collected from 126 employees using a structured questionnaire on a five-point Likert scale and analyzed through Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) with SmartPLS 4.0. The findings reveal three main results. First, all TPB constructs significantly predict higher levels of cyberloafing, underscoring the role of psychological and social factors in shaping Internet use at work. Second, patterns of cyberloafing differ across organizational roles, with administrators engaging more frequently than operators. Third, contrary to conventional assumptions, cyberloafing shows no significant negative effect on overall work performance. These results suggest that, in this industrial context, limited cyberloafing may operate as a mechanism for stress relief and concentration recovery rather than as a drain on productivity. By providing empirical evidence from an Indonesian state-owned enterprise, the researchers contribute to a more nuanced understanding of cyberloafing, highlighting its cultural and organizational dimensions and questioning its universally negative portrayal.
The research examined the correlation between internal mobility and quality assurance outcomes in Nigerian firms. It analyzed survey data from 305 employees in the Fast-Moving Consumer Goods (FMCG), oil and gas, engineering services, construction, and healthcare sectors to determine if structured internal mobility procedures enhanced quality assurance. Data were gathered via a standardized questionnaire and analyzed using descriptive statistics, ANOVA, and regression to examine patterns and identify statistically significant relationships. The findings demonstrate a positive, significant correlation between internal mobility and quality assurance outcomes, suggesting that employee movement across roles and functions enhances competency utilization, reinforces process consistency, and fosters compliance with organizational performance standards. Furthermore, internal mobility serves as a strategy for maintaining quality across corporate processes by systematically enabling people to apply their talents and expertise in diverse contexts. The research can experimentally illustrate the path of internal mobility as a quality-relevant organizational behavior by expanding the scope of human resource development and quality management research beyond its conventional emphasis on training efficacy. Moreover, by presenting evidence from an underrepresented emerging market environment, these findings enhance theoretical comprehension of how talent migration may bolster resilient organizational quality systems. The research highlights the strategic importance of internal mobility as a substitute for external recruitment, providing organizations with a cost-efficient method to uphold performance standards, improve workforce adaptability, and ensure quality assurance in dynamic and competitive operational settings.
E-commerce has become a widely used platform around the world to obtain fashion products in an easy and efficient way. However, there is a negative impact on consumer behaviour, namely excessive consumption. It can harm the environment and consumers’ mental health if not addressed. The research aimed to examine the roles of free shipping and Cash on Delivery (COD) in Fear of Missing Out (FOMO) and compulsive buying, as well as the mediating role of FOMO on e-commerce sites such as Shopee, Tokopedia, Lazada, and Zalora. A quantitative approach was used, with an online survey via Google Forms distributed via social media such as WhatsApp, Instagram, and Facebook, involving 467 e-commerce customers selected through purposive sampling. Data were analyzed using Structural Equation Modeling Partial Least Squares (SEM-PLS). The results show that free shipping does not significantly encourage FOMO or compulsive buying. In contrast, the COD feature has a significant impact on FOMO and compulsive buying. In addition, FOMO positively mediates the relationship between COD and compulsive buying, but not between free shipping and compulsive buying. These findings make important contributions to the theory of FOMO and compulsive buying in e-commerce, to consumer and e-commerce education on digital marketing strategy algorithms, and to the development of environmentally friendly waste management strategies. The research is particularly novel in the context of Indonesian e-commerce, as it simultaneously examines four. Furthermore, FOMO is tested as a mediating variable.
In response to increasing environmental concerns and consumer demand, many apparel industries have adopted sustainable practices to reduce the environmental impact of textile waste and production processes. However, actual purchases of green products remain relatively low due to a gap between consumer intention and behavior. While previous studies have explored various determinants of green purchasing, limited research has integrated psychological factors from the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) with value-based constructs to explain this gap, particularly within Indonesia’s price-sensitive fashion market. This research investigated the factors influencing green apparel purchase intention and behavior in Indonesia by extending the TPB with additional variables: trust, green purchase value, environmental concern, environmental knowledge, and perceived consumer effectiveness. It also examined the moderating effect of Willingness to Pay. A quantitative approach was employed, using survey data from 496 Indonesian consumers, and the analysis was conducted using Structural Equation Modeling – Partial Least Squares (SEM-PLS). Results show that green purchase value significantly influences trust and attitude, while perceived consumer effectiveness, environmental concern, and environmental knowledge significantly affect attitude, subjective norms, and perceived behavioral control. Subjective norms significantly affect green purchase intention, which in turn significantly predicts green purchase behavior. Willingness to pay moderates the relationship between green purchase intention and green purchase behavior. The research contributes theoretical originality by bridging TPB and value-based perspectives and provides practical insights for businesses seeking to translate sustainable intentions into actual green apparel purchases in Indonesia.
The research investigated the influence of environmental awareness, eco-brand, eco-label, and green advertising on consumers' purchase intention toward eco-friendly products, with environmental knowledge examined as a moderating variable. Data were collected from 205 environmentally conscious consumers through an online survey designed to capture their perceptions and purchasing behaviors. The measurement and structural models were analyzed using Structural Equation Modeling-Partial Least Squares (SEM-PLS), enabling a robust evaluation of the relationships among constructs. The results indicate that environmental awareness, eco-brand, eco-label, and green advertising each exert a significant positive influence on consumers’ purchase intention. Notably, environmental knowledge plays a moderating role, strengthening the relationship between green advertising and purchase intention. The findings suggest that consumers with higher environmental knowledge are more responsive to green marketing efforts and more likely to engage in environmentally responsible consumption. These findings underscore the importance of consumer knowledge and perception in fostering sustainable purchasing behavior and contribute to the growing literature on green marketing. The research offers practical implications for companies seeking to enhance their green marketing strategies and for policymakers aiming to encourage environmentally responsible consumer behavior through awareness programs and sustainable product labeling. Recommendations for future research include investigating other potential moderating or mediating variables, expanding the scope to include different demographic and cultural contexts, and conducting longitudinal studies to examine how green consumer behavior evolves over time. Highlighting the moderating effect of environmental knowledge can help to build a more comprehensive understanding of sustainable consumption dynamics across diverse markets.
In today’s competitive organizational landscape, employee commitment and retention have emerged as critical determinants of core organizational success. The research explored the antecedents of job satisfaction and its subsequent impact on organizational commitment among the employees. Grounded in social exchange theory and organizational support theory, the research highlighted transformational leadership, organizational culture, and organizational justice as primary drivers that significantly influenced and contributed to employees’ job satisfaction. Using quantitative methods, data were collected from 246 Human Resources (HR) executives through a convenience sampling method from the manufacturing and service industries of Bangladesh and analyzed using Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) in SmartPLS. The findings reveal that transformational leadership, organizational culture, and organizational justice have a significant and positive influence on employees’ job satisfaction, and, conversely, job satisfaction affects employees’ organizational commitment. Moreover, the result shows that job satisfaction exerts a significant association with turnover intentions, indicating that increased job satisfaction diminishes the chances of employees’ intention to leave the organization. The research advances the understanding of how enhancing job satisfaction can serve as a strategic tool for cultivating long-term organizational commitment, extending Western-centric theories to a developing economy country like Bangladesh. The research helps to improve continuance commitment to the organization and reduce turnover. Moreover, by integrating key antecedents and using Importance-Performance Map Analysis (IPMA), it offers both theoretical and practical contributions for HR practices to reduce turnover and enhance commitment.
Generation Z is highly aware of sustainability and environmental issues, yet skepticism toward sustainability claims and the prioritization of product quality and price pose challenges to green marketing effectiveness. The research examined the influence of green marketing strategies on Generation Z’s consumer behavior in influencing green purchasing behavior. The research explored three key elements of green marketing: ecolabeling, green advertising, and green branding. It also assessed the mediating roles of environmental knowledge and green consumption in shaping green buying behavior. A quantitative survey was conducted among 400 Generation Z consumers in Indonesia, and the data were analyzed using Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM). The findings reveal that green marketing strategies significantly impact environmental knowledge, which subsequently influences green consumption and green buying behavior. Transparency in sustainability claims, clear communication of product benefits, and consumer education on environmental issues are essential in fostering trust and engagement. The research offers originality by integrating environmental knowledge and green consumption as mediators in a Generation Z context, providing new empirical insights into how green marketing strategies influence this demographic. It contributes theoretically to consumer behavior literature and offers practical implications for businesses to design marketing strategies that appeal to environmentally conscious consumers. Companies aiming to attract Generation Z must prioritize transparency, consumer education, and engagement to build trust and long-term loyalty. Future research can explore the role of digital marketing and social media in enhancing green consumerism among younger generations.
The research explored how integrating Enterprise Risk Management (ERM) based on ISO 31000 with Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) risk considerations into a Balanced Scorecard (BSC) framework could enhance sustainable financial performance in small financial institutions. A single-case study was conducted on Rural Bank, PT BPR “C”, while primary and secondary data were collected through questionnaires, interviews, and company documents. Risks were identified, analyzed, evaluated, and addressed in accordance with ISO 31000 principles, while ESG factors were embedded in the strategic mapping of BSC perspectives. The results reveal that environmental risks exert the most significant impact on financial outcomes, notably influencing key indicators such as Non-Performing Loan (NPL), Capital Adequacy Ratio (CAR), and Return on Assets (ROA). They highlight the urgent need for proactive risk mitigation strategies. By mapping risks to strategic objectives, the institution improves transparency, resilience, and alignment between risk management and performance measurement. The findings support extending the Resource-Based View (RBV) and Stakeholder theory, demonstrating that internal capabilities and stakeholder-focused governance can serve as critical drivers of competitive advantage and long-term value creation. The research offers practical contributions by presenting a replicable model for rural banks seeking to integrate ESG risk management into their operational and strategic frameworks. However, as a single-case study reliant on self-reported measures, the findings are limited in generalizability. Future research should explore longitudinal impacts and cross-institutional applications to validate and refine the integrated ERM-ESG-BSC framework proposed.
The research aimed to analyze the influence of corporate governance mechanisms and gender diversity on firm value, as well as the moderating role of Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) in this relationship. Corporate governance mechanisms were proxied by managerial ownership, institutional ownership, the audit committee, and the independent commissioner. The sample was selected using a purposive sampling method, covering 27 companies included in the ESG Leader index on the Indonesia Stock Exchange, with complete Bloomberg ESG data in 2020–2023. The research obtained a total of 108 panel data observations. The research employed moderated regression analysis with panel data using the Fixed Effect Model (FEM), while generalized least squares corrected heteroskedasticity and autocorrelation to ensure robust and efficient estimations. The research results show that simultaneously, corporate governance mechanisms and gender diversity have a significant effect on firm value. However, partially, only managerial ownership, independent commissioner, and ESG score have a significant positive effect. ESG fails to strengthen the relationships between managerial ownership, institutional ownership, and gender diversity and firm value. Instead, it weakens the effects of the audit committee and the independent commissioner. The research employs Bloomberg ESG scores, offering standardized measurement beyond prior self-reported Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) or sector-specific samples. The implications of the research emphasize the importance of ESG integration in strategic governance and the need to improve the quality of supervision and more substantive gender empowerment in the company’s organizational structure.
