Abstract Objective To understand the perceptions of women aged ≥ 60 years regarding cervical and breast cancer screening. Method An exploratory descriptive study with a qualitative approach was conducted. Data collection took place in 2023 through semi-structured interviews. The interviews were recorded, fully transcribed, and subjected to content analysis. Results Three thematic categories emerged: (Mis)understanding about screening – with perceptions related to the purpose, frequency, and completion of examinations, relevance and problems in carrying out the screening, as well as the influence of hysterectomy, absence of sexual life, and symptoms; Facilitators of adherence to screening – involving the relationship with healthcare professionals, service organization, and family history; and Aspects that hinder screening – such as physical discomfort related to the examinations, age-related characteristics, and feelings of fear, shame, and anxiety. Conclusion The women's perceptions revealed both motivating factors and barriers to screening. Therefore, considering these unique characteristics is essential for supporting educational strategies, strengthening bonds, and promoting welcoming environments, contributing to greater adherence, comprehensiveness, and effectiveness of prevention actions aimed at the older population.
Resumo Objetivo conhecer as percepções de mulheres ≥ 60 anos de idade acerca do rastreio de cânceres de colo de útero e mama. Método estudo exploratório e descritivo, de abordagem qualitativa. A coleta de dados ocorreu em 2023, por meio de entrevista semiestruturada. As falas foram gravadas, transcritas integralmente e submetidas à Análise de Conteúdo. Resultados emergiram três categorias temáticas: (Des)entendimento sobre o rastreamento - com percepções relacionadas à finalidade, periodicidade e encerramento dos exames, relevância e problemas na realização, além da influência da histerectomia, ausência de vida sexual e de sintomas; Facilitadores na adesão ao rastreamento - envolvendo vínculo com profissionais de saúde, organização do serviço e histórico familiar; e Aspectos que dificultam o rastreamento - como desconfortos físicos relacionados aos exames, características próprias da idade e sentimentos de medo, vergonha e ansiedade. Conclusão as percepções das mulheres idosas revelam tanto aspectos de motivação quanto obstáculos ao rastreamento, dessa forma, considerar essas singularidades torna-se essencial para subsidiar estratégias educativas, fortalecer o vínculo e promover ambientes acolhedores, contribuindo para maior adesão, integralidade e efetividade das ações de prevenção voltadas à população idosa.
Resumo Objetivo Compreender as experiências e as trajetórias ocupacionais de pessoas idosas que vivenciaram o desastre do rompimento da barragem de mineração ocorrido na cidade de Brumadinho. Método Estudo qualitativo, que utilizou a história oral temática como estratégia de coleta de dados entre junho e julho de 2023. A amostra foi selecionada por conveniência, utilizando técnica de bola de neve e informantes-chave. Foram incluídas pessoas idosas com mais de 60 anos de idade, sem distinção de sexo, naturais e residentes nos distritos de Brumadinho e que sobreviveram ao desastre em 2019. As entrevistas foram gravadas, transcritas, submetidas a análise de conteúdo e seguidas de triangulação dos dados. Resultados Participaram 17 pessoas idosas. A análise identificou duas categorias [(re)vivendo o desastre e mudanças no cotidiano e no bem-estar], compostas por quatro subcategorias. A vivência do desastre repercutiu em alterações no estado de saúde e em prejuízos à saúde mental. Após o evento, observaram-se mudanças importantes no cotidiano, especialmente na redução e reorganização das atividades de lazer, repercutindo nas trajetórias ocupacionais das pessoas idosas. Apesar das adversidades, observou-se capacidade de adaptação, reconstrução e ressignificação da vida cotidiana por meio do engajamento em ocupações significativas. Conclusão Os impactos do desastre ultrapassam as dimensões ambientais, físicas e sociais, atingindo as trajetórias ocupacionais e o cotidiano das pessoas idosas sobreviventes. Os achados reforçam a necessidade de ações continuadas de cuidado às populações vulneráveis atingidas e apontam contribuições da Terapia Ocupacional no contexto pós-desastre.
Abstract Objective To analyze the prevalence of and factors associated with clinical-functional vulnerability among community-dwelling older adults receiving care from Family Health Strategy (FHS) teams. Method This cross-sectional study included a random, representative sample of community-dwelling older adults from an urban area in northern Minas Gerais, Brazil. Sample representativeness and randomization were ensured by the municipality’s full FHS coverage and the random selection of teams as the primary sampling units in cluster sampling. Data were collected during home interviews by a trained team using the Clinical-Functional Vulnerability Index-20 (IVCF-20). Bivariate analyses were performed, followed by hierarchical binary logistic regression. A significance level of 5% was adopted for the final model, with the calculation of odds ratios (ORs) and their respective 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs). Results A total of 1,260 individuals aged 60–105 years participated in the study, most of whom were women (63.8%). The prevalence of clinical-functional vulnerability was 24.7% (n = 311 older adults). The variables associated with greater vulnerability were age ≥80 years (OR = 1.56; 95% CI: 1.09–2.22), ≤4 years of schooling (OR = 1.38; 95% CI: 1.01–1.86), family income ≤2 minimum wages (OR = 1.91; 95% CI: 1.42–2.57), negative self-rated health (OR = 1.96; 95% CI: 1.44–2.65), insomnia (OR = 1.53; 95% CI: 1.13–2.06), polypharmacy (OR = 2.42; 95% CI: 1.81–3.24), diabetes (OR = 1.47; 95% CI: 1.08–1.99), urinary incontinence (OR = 1.47; 95% CI: 1.03–2.09), and spinal problems (OR = 1.37; 95% CI: 1.02–1.85). Conclusion The prevalence of clinical-functional vulnerability was high in the study population. The associated variables reinforce the interaction among biological, clinical, functional, and social factors.
Abstract Objective To understand the experiences and occupational trajectories of older adults who experienced the mining-dam collapse disaster in the city of Brumadinho. Method A qualitative study based on thematic oral history as a data-collection strategy was conducted between June and July 2023. The sample was selected by convenience sampling using the snowball technique and key informants. Older adults aged over 60 years, of either sex, who were born in and lived in the districts of Brumadinho and survived the 2019 disaster were included. Interviews were audio-recorded, transcribed, subjected to content analysis, and underwent data triangulation. Results A total of 17 older adults took part in the study. The analysis identified two categories – “(Re)living the disaster” and “Changes in daily life and well-being” – comprising four subcategories each. The disaster affected participants´ health status and mental health. After the event, important changes in daily life were observed, particularly reduced and reorganized leisure activities, with repercussions for the occupational trajectories of the older adults interviewed. Despite adversity, participants demonstrated the ability to adapt, rebuild, and re-signify everyday life through engagement in meaningful occupations. Conclusion The impacts of the disaster extend beyond environmental, physical, and social dimensions, affecting the occupational trajectories and everyday lives of survivors. The findings reinforce the need for continuing care for affected vulnerable populations and highlight the positive contributions of Occupational Therapy in the post-disaster context.
