Este artigo analisa a bioculturalidade como estratégia de resistência dos indígenas Tembé-Tenetehar, diante das ameaças ambientais e territoriais que incidem sobre a Terra Indígena Alto Rio Guamá (TIARG), no Pará. A bioculturalidade, entendida como a interdependência entre biodiversidade, cultura e diversidade linguística, é essencial para a compreensão da relação dos povos indígenas com seus territórios e para a manutenção da identidade e sobrevivência dos povos indígenas. A pesquisa, de abordagem qualitativa, baseou-se em pesquisa bibliográfica e de campo, com observação participante, realizado entre 2023 e 2024 em diversas aldeias da TIARG. Os Tembé-Tenetehar, originários do Maranhão, sofreram deslocamentos e forte processo de aculturação, agravado pelas invasões territoriais ocorridas na TIARG na década de 1970. As mudanças climáticas, a perda da biodiversidade e os conflitos territoriais ameaçam profundamente suas práticas culturais e espirituais. Elementos da fauna e da flora essenciais à realização dos eventos bioculturais tornaram-se escassos, prejudicando seus rituais e a transmissão de saberes. Apesar das adversidades, os Tembé têm protagonizado ações de resgate cultural, reflorestamento, bioeconomia e gestão territorial, integrando saberes tradicionais com técnicas contemporâneas. A juventude tem assumido papel de destaque na defesa do território, fortalecendo a resiliência do povo e gerando esperança para as gerações indígenas vindouras. O estudo conclui que a valorização da bioculturalidade é vital para garantir a continuidade dos modos de vida Tembé e reforça a importância de políticas públicas que respeitem e promovam os direitos e a autonomia dos povos originários.
O objetivo deste artigo é analisar, sob a ótica de Hans Jonas, o impacto das atividades de extração mineral sob corpos hídricos subterrâneos e suas consequências para o abastecimento humano e não-humano, utilizando-se da teoria da responsabilidade do filósofo alemão, sobretudo de seu conceito de “Heurística do temor”. Primeiramente, busca-se expor os fundamentos metafísicos que levaram à imposição de um modo de relação do ser humano com a natureza, fundada no dualismo ser humano versus natureza, tão criticado por Jonas. A seguir, situa-se a crítica jonasiana à técnica, tomando como referência a exploração mineral e as atividades de extração mineral com seus impactos nos corpos hídricos como um dos exemplos mais firmes e práticos das consequências resultantes desse dualismo. A partir daí, discute-se a possibilidade de uma mineração eticamente responsável, delineando os limites éticos para a atividade minerária. Nesse sentido, será apontado um imperativo ético para que possamos pensar atividades econômicas em que caibam não somente as atuais gerações e suas necessidades, mas também as necessidades de sobrevivência das gerações futuras.
Este estudo visa caracterizar as agroflorestas do Bioma Pampa brasileiro, destacando suas potencialidades, fragilidades, demandas e limitações, considerando sua relevância para a agricultura familiar e a preservação e restauração ambiental. Embora focado no Bioma Pampa, observa-se que desafios semelhantes são enfrentados globalmente. Os agricultores manifestam a necessidade de mercados específicos para produtos agroflorestais, reconhecimento social, apoio técnico e crédito rural. Entre as principais forças das agroflorestas, destacam-se a diversidade de produtos, a qualidade de vida proporcionada, a independência de insumos agrícolas convencionais e a melhoria ambiental. Políticas específicas, mesmo em nível municipal, têm o potencial de solucionar grande parte dos problemas enfrentados pelos agricultores agroflorestais.
O artigo analisa as implicações da ausência de reconhecimento jurídico da categoria de refugiados climáticos, articulando este debate às dimensões da justiça climática e informacional. Parte-se da contextualização desse fenômeno no marco das múltiplas crises do Antropoceno, destacando a vulnerabilidade agravada das populações do Sul Global – historicamente menos responsáveis pelo aquecimento global, mas desproporcionalmente afetadas por seus impactos. O estudo examina os obstáculos históricos, políticos e jurídicos que dificultam o reconhecimento dos refugiados climáticos como sujeitos de direito, evidenciando as assimetrias de poder subjacentes à negação dessa categoria. A metodologia baseia-se em uma revisão bibliográfica crítica, que fundamenta os conceitos de justiça climática e informacional e analisa suas intersecções. A partir desse referencial, argumenta-se que o acesso à informação, à comunicação e ao reconhecimento internacional constitui um elemento central na luta pela justiça climática, sendo essencial tanto para a proteção dos direitos desses sujeitos quanto para a formulação de políticas de adaptação e reparação. Constata-se que, embora normativas nacionais e internacionais reconheçam o deslocamento forçado como estratégia de adaptação, persiste um vazio jurídico específico. Esse vazio compromete não apenas a garantia de direitos, mas também o acesso a informações estratégicas para a sobrevivência, o apoio humanitário e a circulação de dados essenciais entre pessoas em situação de deslocamento forçado. Ao final, o artigo sustenta que o reconhecimento formal dos refugiados climáticos é condição fundamental para a efetivação de sua cidadania plena e para a construção de respostas justas e solidárias à crise climática global.
O objetivo principal dessa pesquisa foi realizar um estudo do papel dos recursos de amenidade tempo-clima no município de Lagoa Nova-RN, município localizado em área serrana do semiárido brasileiro. Para tanto, foram adotados como procedimentos metodológicos a revisão da literatura, análise de dados secundários (evolução dos domicílios particulares de uso ocasional), coleta de dados meteorológicos, análise documental dos inventários turísticos do município e entrevista com agentes públicos municipais. Os resultados apontaram para uma conversão do clima serrano em recurso promotor da atividade turística e imobiliária nos últimos vinte anos. Ocorreu, portanto, uma sensível aceleração da expansão imobiliária sobre a zona rural nos últimos quatorze anos, resultando em uma gentrificação do espaço rural. Também foi observada a necessidade incremento dos mecanismos de planejamento e ampliação da infraestrutura física e social para alinhar a atividade turística aos objetivos de desenvolvimento regional e mitigação das mudanças climáticas.
Equipe Editorial e Técnica deste volume / Editorial and technical team for this volume: Editores-chefes / Editors-in-chief: Manuela Dreyer Silva e Letícia da Costa e Silva Editores adjuntos / Associate editors: Hieda Maria Pagliosa Corona, José Milton Andriguetto Filho, Marina Favrim Gasparini, Natália Tavares de Azevedo, Ricardo Serra Borsatto, Roberta Giraldi Romano, Thiago Zagonel Serafini e Tomaz Longhi-Santos Editoras assistentes / Assistant editors: Fabiane Fuhr e Lidiane do Prado Reis e Silva Equipe de produção / Production team: Aluska Tavares dos Santos, Ana Beatriz Goes Maia Marques, Beatriz Lins, Camila Carneiro Lobato, Laynara Santos Almeida, Mariana Muhlenberg Soares e Viviane Duarte Couto de Cristo Pareceristas da revista / Reviewers: ver em / see at https://revistas.ufpr.br/made/avaliadores Revisão de texto / Proofreading: Seção de Apoio às Publicações Científicas Periódicas (SAPCP), Universidade Federal do Paraná (UFPR) Diagramação / Layout: Luísa Druzik de Souza, Manuela Romoda Adas e Mário Castello Branco Gomes Design: Oscar Reinstein e Mário Castello Branco Gomes ISSN 1518-952X, e-ISSN 2176-9109
This article reflects on the educational communication carried out by competent actors from grassroots social movements, community leaders, or individuals who embody the memory of a close relationship with nature inherited from their ancestors. It raises questions about human interventions driven by development over the past century and the resulting transformations in water and environmental issues in the semi-arid region of Rio Grande do Norte. The aim is to demonstrate how individual or collective creative action has contributed to preserving memory and understanding the process of adaptation to the semi-arid territory. The research drew on material from personal and group archives, scientific articles, observational fieldwork, and semi-structured interviews with residents living around Piat & oacute; Lagoon and leaders of socio-environmental movements. Thus, the critical role of traditional knowledge holders who foster resistance and perpetuate naturalistic knowledge reflecting adaptation, close coexistence with nature, and environmental preservation is of great importance, as is the significance of orally transmitted knowledge that carries the memory of humanity's relationship with water and the ancestral role in the historical construction of territories of resistance.
Air pollution has been investigated using various methods, particularly in developing countries, which still lack robust air quality monitoring systems. In these regions, perception surveys have been employed as an initial approach. This study aimed to analyze the perception of air pollution among the population of a Brazilian metropolis to support risk communication. The study assessed local perceptions, identifying possible correlations between socioeconomic profile and the beliefs of the respondents. A quantitative study was conducted based on a sample survey of 437 people in the city of Recife. The interviews were conducted in person, and the data were stored on the ArcGIS Survey123 platform, later being used for statistical analysis. Perception data were also compared with air quality monitoring data from nine low-cost stations. The majority of the population (57%) had never heard of or received information on the topic. This finding is correlated with edu-cational attainment (p = 0.041). Individuals who reported cardiovascular or respiratory health problems did not demonstrate greater knowledge on the subject. The main sources of pollution mentioned were transportation and dust; however, lower-income individuals cited the burning of biomass and waste as the primary sources. Perceptions of air pollution in the city vary according to income, education level, occupation, and the degree of information on the topic. In general, residents' beliefs align with the monitoring data observed during the period. This study purposed to provide information for decision-makers who do not yet have access to perception assessments and/or air pollution monitoring, thereby contributing to the development of risk communication policies and prevention alerts. 2 3 *
Several studies have warned about the increasing frequency of extreme weather and climate events like heavy rainfall, extreme droughts and heat waves, which have been intensified by the climate change and accelerated by anthropogenic actions. Climate change takes place in social contexts known for constantly changing. For instance, social disparity forms, such as inequality and racism, emerge and overlap within these contexts, and it makes some people more vulnerable to disasters. Digital extremes, such as disinformation about disaster contexts, are also increasing. Organizations must have disaster-risk communication capacities at the age of extremes to respond three extremes, namely: meteorological, social and digital extremes. The aim of the current article is to discuss disaster-risk communication organizational capacities at the age of extremes. A literature review on the concept of disaster was carried out, as well as a desk research in governmental publications about municipal civil defense and protection agencies, and a qualitative field research in the Basin. According to the results, municipal civil defense agencies lack financial and material resources, and it compromises their communication capacities. The human resources available are also not enough. There is lack of training actions to deal with new risk communication challenges, such as disinformation on alerts outspread on social networks and messaging apps, as observed during the field research. Furthermore, people do not know what extreme events actually are. Despite these challenges, municipal civil defense agents develop communication strategies to deal with disinformation on both social networks and messaging app groups. Finally, the article highlights the need for analyzing communication resilient to intersections among these meteorological, social and digital extreme scenarios.
The 2019 oil spill criminal disaster affected traditional populations whose lifestyle is closely linked to artisanal fishing on Brazil's Northeastern coast. More than 5.000 tons of oil were collected along 4.300 km of the Northeastern Brazilian coast on the shores of 11 municipalities in Pernambuco State. Grassroots interventions aimed at both overcoming socio-environmental injustices and seeking social redress were applied in response to it by using light social technologies developed based on local needs. The aim of the present study is to map the communication and grassroots health surveillance strategies adopted by fishing communities suffering from this disaster's impact on Pernambuco. A qualitative, participatory, descriptive and documental study was conducted with 34 female community leaders and artisanal fisherwomen from 8 municipalities affected by this disaster/crime. Participants attended the training-action course for Popular Health Agents of Water Peoples held from November 2024 to January 2025. According to the results, these community communication strategies mainly included using WhatsApp, chatting, gatherings and meetings to discuss the situation. Actions to monitor the species affected by the disaster, as well as the affected rivers, beaches, statutes; the involvement of government agencies and guidelines for local population, stood out in the popular surveillance field. These strategies were essential for territorial initiatives linked to the disaster, as they led to both environmental justice and the construction of more resilient territories through social technologies and community participation. Institutional bodies must embody the expertise of social movements and traditional communities in formulating effective public policies.
This study examines the impact of the nomenclature attributed to victims of technological environmental disasters, taking the collapse of the Fund & atilde;o dam in Mariana, Brazil, as an empirical reference. It discusses how naming practices affect identity construc-tion, rights claims, and processes of recognition in the post-disaster context. Through an analytical and interdisciplinary literature review, the research investigates the multiplicity of terms mobilized to designate both the event and those affected, particularly the categories affected people and disaster victims. It evaluates their adequacy to the examined context and explores their political, communicational, and legal implications. By incorporating a risk communication perspective, the study argues that the selection of specific labels operates as a device of power and a discursive instrument for the symbolic management of the disaster, shaping public perception, institutional narratives, and the legitimization of individuals as victims. The findings indicate that the categories affected persons and internally displaced persons are the most consistent for social and legal recognition. Meanwhile, the notion of internal refugee emerges as a category with significant critical and political potential to convey the gravity of rights violations and processes of deterritorialization. The study concludes that terminological disputes extend beyond semantics; they are communicational and ethical, constituting a central dimension of the power dynamics that define who is heard, who is silenced, and who is recognized.
This research employs territorial heritage as a framework to identify opportunities for sustainable development in peripheral regions by recognizing territorial resources capable of providing quality products and services. This is the case of Jaceruba, a neighborhood located in the municipality of Nova Igua & ccedil;u, a peripheral region of Rio de Janeiro. The territory, characterized predominantly by family farming, faces social vulnerability, with one of its territorial dynamics being the Jaceruba Banana Festival, which aims to achieve better living and working conditions for its residents. In this study, the territory's potential was identified through semi-structured interviews with 15 local stakeholders, drawing on the theoretical foundations of the territorial heritage approach and the Basket of Territorial Goods and Services (BTGS) framework. The results demonstrated that Jaceruba has cassava production as a specific resource and flagship product, recognized and strongly linked to the territory, suggesting the potential for obtaining a geographical indication for cassava. The town possesses unique characteristics and resources, including agroecology, exceptional soil fertility, geographic isolation, community hospitality, agricultural diversity, and a distinctive history linked to Imperial Brazil. These attributes, together with the Jaceruba Environmental Protection Area and the Tingu & aacute; Biological Reserve, create opportunities for developing a diversified offering of specific products and services identified in this study, particularly organic by-products and community-based tourism. Finally, it was found that the traditional festival has brought public authorities closer to the community, contributing to the development of increasingly coordinated territorial governance in proposing local development initiatives.
COVID-19 made it possible to hold remote public hearings in environmental licensing and impact assessment. Few studies have evaluated the characteristics and decision-making impact of this type of participation. This article analyzed the remote public hearings associated with eight projects subject to environmental licensing during COVID-19 in Minas Gerais, with an emphasis on the case of Tamisa Minera & ccedil;& atilde;o in Serra do Curral (MG). The study was based on content analysis of environmental licensing processes, especially the minutes and records of the hearings, and grey literature associated with the Tamisa case. Of the hearings held during the anallyzed period, all of them were related to processes directly or indirectly related to priority mining projects. Procedural limitations and differences were identified in the implementation of the hearings, which performed functions similar to those of in-person hearings. The remote hearing for the Serra do Curral project was unable to fully address the expectations of the communities, which continued in the form of protests and various demonstrations. Despite the weaknesses identified in the hearings, especially in relation to their low influence on decision-making, it is concluded that the remote format can strengthen the participatory process in environmental licensing, provided that its weaknesses are addressed and there is a genuine interest in reducing conflicts.
O desastre climático de abril e maio de 2024 no Rio Grande do Sul ocorreu em um contexto de mudanças climáticas, que vêm intensificando eventos extremos na região. A crise causada por chuvas extraordinárias expôs falhas estruturais e de gestão de riscos,evidenciando a urgência de comunicação eficaz. Este artigo apresenta uma cronologia do desastre e um relato das ações voluntárias de pesquisadores na produção e disseminação de informações essenciais, incluindo previsão do nível do Guaíba, mapas de risco, suporte técnico no Vale do Taquari, monitoramento de abrigos, informações sobre saneamento e o Repositório de Mapas. Análises pioneiras sobre os impactos das inundações foram cruciais para a compreensão rápida do evento. O relato destaca desafios como limitações tecnológicas, dificuldades de articulação com a gestão pública e a ausência de um sistema institucional robusto. A inexistência de agências de bacias hidrográficas compromete a gestão integrada dos recursos hídricos e a resposta a desastres no longo prazo. O evento reforça a necessidade de investimentos substanciais em governança hídrica, infraestrutura de monitoramento eestratégias de adaptação para fortalecer a resiliência da sociedade.
Increase in public spending aimed at the environment is expected to happen. It will be driven by the global climate emergency and will echo on national and subnational government agendas. This expectation is particularly relevant in Brazil, given its sensitivity to extreme climatic events across the country, such as the semi-arid region, which is mainly exposed to drought and water shortage. Recurrent climatic events have been having impact on municipalities in several regions in recent years, and it highlights the need for higher public investments in climate change mitigation and adaptation actions. Accordingly, the aim of the present article is to analyze public environmental expenditures in 147 municGrande do Norte and Paraiba states from 2013 to 2021. The adopted methodology followed the exploratory approach based on secondary data collected from the National Treasury Secretariat (STN) indicator base about expenditures by the investigated municipal governments. Descriptive statistics was applied to variable "total expenditure on environmental spending" and to sub-functions like water resources, preservation and conservation, environmental control and degraded areas recovery. According to the results, there is a worrisome scenario about environmental policy financing at municipal level, which is featured by significant asymmetry and lack of expenditures allocation in municipalities neighboring environmental management.
Effective implementation of the Native Vegetation Protection Law is crucial for reconciling agricultural activities with environmental preservation. In this study, we analyzed the environmental compliance of 26,703 rural properties in 10 municipalities of the Itacai & uacute;nas River Basin (BHRI, in Portuguese) located in southeastern Par & aacute;, and investigated the perceptions of 19 rural landowners and 46 environmental professionals regarding environmental regularization. By December 2021, the majority (99%) of the reg-istrations analyzed in the BHRI had pending issues related to property registration in the Rural Environmental Registry (CAR). Only a small portion (1%), representing 107 analyzed registrations, was eligible to join the Rural Environmental Regularization Program (PRA). The results revealed that most properties eligible for PRA have not yet initiated the environ-mental regularization process (78%). Respondents demonstrated knowledge of CAR (84 .2%) and recognized the importance of understanding environmental protection laws (94.7%). The identified challenges include high costs associated with environmental liability recovery, lack of economic incentives to motivate forest restoration, and low owner awareness of the PRA. The research also highlighted divergent perceptions among environmental profes-sionals, emphasizing the importance of coordination between state and municipal agencies to support environmental regularization activities. The challenges identified in this study provide valuable recommendations for public policies aimed at scaling up forest restoration in Par & aacute;, Brazil. The main drivers of PRA adoption were economic advantages, such as access to rural credit and market demand for production commercialization. Recommendations include expanding financial incentives, facilitating credit access, investing in environmental awareness, decentralizing restoration actions, providing training for municipal technicians, promoting greater coordination between state and municipal agencies, and offering more effective communication channels for environmental regularization. These measures are essential for effectively achieving the conservation and environmental restoration goals in the state of Par & aacute;.
Although the granting of environmental licenses is conditioned on the implementation of monitoring, mitigation, and compensation programs for environmental impacts, there are several barriers to compliance with these requirements. This study aimed to understand these barriers by identifying and analyzing the occurrences and causes of legal non-compliance and the weak environmental performance of licensed projects in the state of Minas Gerais. The research was based on an analysis of 232 processes of projects that renewed their environmental licenses, along with an in-depth case study of a metallurgical project in Ouro Preto (MG) that had its application for license renewal denied. Methodologically, the study employed content analysis of documents and 12 semi-struc-tured interviews. The findings revealed frequent and recurring irregularities among the projects that renewed their licenses, indicating that state oversight and sanctions are often delayed and inadequate, and suggesting a possible connivance of the state government with the non-compliance of legal requirements and other commitments. The case study showed that Terms of Adjustment of Conduct do not necessarily lead to behavioral adjustments. Finally, the study discusses practical and academic implications.
The valuation of Environmental Services (ES-env) related to water yield is a relevant topic for the sustainable use of water in food production and the improvement of State policies. This study aimed to estimate the value of ES-env for water yield within the context of public policies in Brazil, based on a case study in an Agroforestry System (AFS) located in the Cerrado/Atlantic Forest biome. The objectives were: to monetarily measure the ES-env of water yield in a consolidated AFS; and to evaluate two valuation methods, the Opportunity Cost Method (OCM) and the Replacement Cost Method (RCM), both applied to water production. Using the proposed methodological strategy, financial and accounting data were identified, organized in spreadsheets, and processed using IBM SPSS Statistics. Subsequently, the aforementioned methods were applied: first, the OCM, based on five equations supporting the economic valuation of water production; then, the RCM, which involved another five equations enabling the construction of the monetary valua-tion of the same production. Based on the results obtained from the RCM within the AFS studied, the Water Production Value (WPV) proposal was established, with an estimated value of US$317.42 per hectare per year. Regarding the results found in the application of the OCM, it was proposed to apply the Water Production Value Index (WPVI) in the analysis of economically viable scenarios for the site. Thus, it was concluded that adopting the WPV in Payment for Environmental Services (PES) programs makes water yield more attractive. Moreover, when comparing scenarios, the WPVI was effective in the analysis and decision-making for public policies.
The article analyses the implications of the lack of legal recognition of the category of climate refugees, articulating this debate in the dimensions of climate and informational justice. The start point is contextualising this phenomenon within the framework of the multiple crises of the Anthropocene, highlighting the increased vulnerability of populations in the Global South, historically less responsible for global warming, but disproportionately affected by its impacts. The study examines the historical, political, and legal obstacles that make it difficult to recognise climate refugees as legal subjects, highlighting the power asymmetries underlying the denial of this category. The methodology is based on a critical literature review, which underpins the concepts of climate justice and informational justice and analyses their intersections. Based on this framework, it is argued that access to information, communication, and international recognition is a central element in the fight for climate justice, being essential both for the protection of the rights of these subjects and for the formulation of adaptation and reparation policies. It is observed that, although national and international regulations recognise forced displacement as an adaptation strategy, a specific legal vacuum persists. This vacuum compromises not only the guarantee of rights, but also access to strategic information for survival, humanitarian support, and the circulation of essential data between people and organisations. At the end, the article maintains that the formal recognition of the climate refugees is essential for their full citizenship and for the construction of fair and supportive responses to the global climate crisis.
O pensamento pós-moderno identifica um cenário de crise na sociedade contemporânea, que, entre outras instâncias, se manifesta também no campo científico. Partindo desse referencial, pode-se perceber que um conjunto de sinais sugere um movimento de ruptura epistemológica em diversos campos científicos, o que pode ser interpretado como a emergência de uma ciência pós-moderna. A tese defendida neste artigo é que a Agroecologia, por seus princípios e métodos, representa uma ruptura epistemológica e pode ser pensada como a manifestação de uma ciência pós-moderna.
