This study was carried out to investigate the antioxidant activities and the contents of antioxidant compounds in extracts derived from 23 medicinal crops. Dried plant materials were extracted by 80% methanol and the extracts were used to experiment. The levels of total phenolic compounds were much higher in Oenothera biennis, Houttuynia cordata, Cedrela sinensis, Rhus javanica, Artemisia annua, Reynoutria sachalinensis, and Dendropanax morbifera compared with other crops. On the other hand, the total phenolic compound levels in Carthamus tinctorius, Polygonum multiflorus, Ginko biloba, Solanum nigrum, and Saposhnikovia divaricata were relatively low. The total flavonoid contents were highest in H. cordata, followed by D. morbifera, A. annua, A. continentalis and O. biennis. DPPH activity was significantly higher in A. annua, R. javanica, C. sinensis, D. morbifera and O. biennis, and ABTS activity was significantly higher in R. javanica, C. sinensis, O. biennis, R. sachalinensis, A. annua, and D. morbifera than other plants. These results suggest that O. biennis, A. annua, R. javanica, D. morbifera, and R. sachalinensis can be utilized as food additives and natural antioxidants due to their strong antioxidant activity.
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of odor reduction of swine farm applied the liquid manure circulation system(LMCS). Air in the swine facility and the liquid manure in each step of LMCS were sampled and detected swine farms applied the LMCS and the ordinary swine farm to compare the odorous compounds. The slurry characteristics in the finisher pig building applied LMCS were improved the fermentation process compare the not applied LMCS ordinary swine farm. The LMCS clearly affected the odor reduction of swine farm and improved the air quality in the swine facility. On-site complex odors assessment by the method of 6 step direct sensory evaluation at inside, exhaust and border line of swine facility were clearly lowed. Also ammonia, hydrogen sulfide and carbon dioxide concentration in the swine facility applied LMCS were improved.
Growth and physiological disorders caused by abnormally low temperatures were evaluated in pepper, an important field crop in Korea.In addition, the effects of chemical treatment using glutamine was verified on minimizing the damages by low temperature.The growth of pepper plants in stem length and diameter was suppressed as the temperature decreased from 25℃, and the suppression level was the highest for plants grown for 90 days at 20℃.However, root growth was not affected by the different temperatures.The number of leaf and leaf area decreased at the temperatures below 25C, an optimum temperature for growth.Fresh weight and dry weight decreased for plants grown at 20℃.Pepper fruit yield also decreased by 11% at 20℃ in comparison to 25℃.Falling blossom rate was different depending on the growth temperature, and the rate was 27.2% at 25℃, 35.2% at 22.5℃, and 41.0% at 20℃, indicating that falling blossom rate increased as temperature decreased.Different growth temperatures did not affected on the level of symptom of calcium deficiency and Phytopathora blight.Falling blossom was severe at abnormally low temperature of 20℃, but the treatment of glutamine reduced falling blossom rate and increased the yield by 7.0% as compared to control.The optimum concentration of glutamine treatment was 10 mg/L for yields.
Developmental process of vegetation over years after afforestation was analyzed in the Korean pine (Pinus koraiensis) plantations with different stand ages. Height and diameter of Korean pine increased rapidly until 27 years after afforestation and tended to be blunted since then. Density of Korean pine tended to be reduced with the increase of stand age. As the result of stand ordination of Korean pine plantations with different ages based on floristic composition, Korean pine plantations showed a changing depending on stand age but a difference from the reference, Mongolian oak (Quercus mongolica) stands. Korean pine plantations showed the trend to be usually succeeded to the native vegetation dominated by ash (Fraxinus rhynchophylla) but partially by Mongolian oak as the results of analysis based on the frequency distribution by diameter class
Streptomyces padanus IA70-5 has been shown to be a promising biological control agent for the suppression of pepper anthracnose. In this study, we assessed the potential use of strain IA70-5 as a biological control agent for Phytophthora blight caused by Phytophthora capsici. Strain S. padanus IA70-5 was found to inhibit the mycelial growth and zoosporangium formation of P. capsici causing Phytophthora blight on pepper plants. In experiments with hot pepper fruit, IA70-5 suppressed the progression of Phytophthora rot by over 90% in pre-inoculated treatments with culture suspension. In experiments with 60-day-old pepper plants, IA70-5 suppressed Phytophthora blight by over 90%. These results demonstrated the potential for S. padanus IA70-5 to provide a practical biological agent for the control of Phytophthora blight in the field.
