Context and relevance. In this paper, coping behavior of convicted individuals is examined through the lens of stigmatization as a key stress factor. Social identity acts as a dual mechanism determining the choice of coping strategies: it can serve as a resource that mitigates the effects of stigmatization, or as a factor that reinforces destructive behavioral patterns. Objective. To present a theoretical analysis of the role of social identity in the processes of coping with stigma-related stress in the penitentiary environment. Theoretical framework. Stigmatization is conceptualized as a form of identity threat that triggers processes of cognitive appraisal and coping. Social identity, following H. Tajfel's definition, is understood as the individual's knowledge of their membership in social groups, combined with the emotional and value significance attached to that membership. The stigmatization model is integrated into a modified transactional model of stress. Results. It is demonstrated that convicted individuals, as a stigmatized group, face a dual challenge: external stigma and internal self-stigmatization. Identification with the group of convicted individuals can perform both a "healing" and a "cursing" function. Concealable stigma creates an additional stressor context associated with the need to manage information about one's group membership. Conclusions. The problem of integrating the construct of stigmatization into research on coping behavior of convicted individuals is formulated, and directions for addressing it are proposed, with an emphasis on the multiplicity of social identities and the quality of group ties as a buffering mechanism. The novelty of the proposed approach is substantiated, lying in the integration of a modified coping-with-identity-threats model and a multiple-identity model to explain the choice of coping strategies in the penitentiary environment.
Context and relevance of the study stem from the insufficient understanding of the structure of executive function (EF) impairments in mental disorders, as well as the need to evaluate the effectiveness of a comprehensive EF analysis as a method for identifying objective neurocognitive markers during forensic psychiatric examinations. The primary hypothesis of the study was that the neuropsychological profile of EF impairments in organic personality disorder (OPD) differs from the profiles of EF impairments in other mental disorders. The aim of the study was to identify an invariant pattern of EF impairments in organic personality disorder (OPD) and its differentiating features relative to mentally healthy individuals, individuals with organic emotionally labile disorder (OELD), alcohol or drug dependence, and patients with schizophrenia. The study included 133 adult male defendants undergoing inpatient forensic psychiatric evaluation with verified diagnoses of OPD (n = 54), OELR (n = 11), alcohol (n = 14) or drug (n = 12) dependence, schizophrenia (n = 25), and mentally healthy individuals (n = 17). The results showed that OPD is characterized by a specific profile of EF impairments, where, against the background of a moderate general deficit, the most pronounced impairments are in the components of the functional working system (phonological loop, central executive) and in the area of inhibitory control. Significant differences were found between this profile and EF indicators in OELR, schizophrenia, drug dependence, and the norm group, while the impairment profile in alcohol dependence did not statistically differ from that in OPD. Conclusions. The existence of a specific neuropsychological profile of EF in OPD has been confirmed, which has differential diagnostic value and represents the basis for personalized expert assessment and the development of targeted rehabilitation programs.
Context and relevance. The current procedural legislation does not pay enough attention to the grounds and forms of participation of a psychologist in civil proceedings. The system of subjects of civil proceedings should be improved taking into account changes in legislation and the complication of substantive legal relations. Objective. To identify the features of participation of a psychologist in civil proceedings and propose to adjust the legislation taking this into account. Results. In the order of civil proceedings, a large number of cases are considered with the participation of socially vulnerable citizens, who are characterized in science and judicial practice as the "weak party to the dispute". Such subjects are minors, incapacitated or partially incapacitated citizens, employees in disputes with employers. Despite this, the current Civil Procedure Code of the Russian Federation does not single out a psychologist either among the persons participating in the case, or in the system of persons assisting in the administration of justice. It is shown that a psychologist participates in the consideration of civil cases in two forms: as a person participating in the case, by virtue of which he should be granted the general procedural rights enshrined in Art. 35 of the Civil Procedure Code of the Russian Federation, and as an expert. It is proposed to establish mandatory participation of a psychologist during the interrogation of a minor. The conclusion of a psychologist as an expert may be judicial or extrajudicial, but in any case it is evidence in the case.
Context and relevance. Bullying is a widespread psychosocial problem with serious psychological and neurodevelopmental consequences. Beyond emotional distress, it can affect brain function. Quantitative electroencephalography (q-EEG) enables objective detection of stress-related brain activity, offering potential forensic value. Objective. This study examined the impact of bullying-related stress in children by combining behavioral stress assessments with q-EEG analysis. Hypothesis. We hypothesized that bullied children would report higher stress levels and exhibit distinct brainwave abnormalities detectable by q-EEG, which could serve as forensic indicators of trauma. Methods and materials. Two cross-sectional phases were conducted. In the first, 2,781 Indonesian children (aged 8—13) completed the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS-10) and a bullying questionnaire. In the second, 24 children with high stress indicators underwent clinical q-EEG. Brainwave data across standard frequency bands were analyzed in relation to stress scores. Results. 58,3% of children reported being bullied. These children were 2.8 times more likely to experience moderate to severe stress (p < 0,001). Among the q-EEG subsample, 95,8% showed cortical abnormalities—reduced bilateral temporal activity (83,3%) and increased prefrontal high-beta waves (29,2%)—linked to emotional dysregulation and anxiety. Conclusions. Bullying induces measurable brain changes. q-EEG may serve as a reliable tool for detecting trauma in children, supporting early intervention and forensic child protection.
Context and relevance. Criminologically, the concept of the mental belonging of the digital generation is substantiated in the context of the transformation of social institutions and the priority of digital tools in the socialization of the personality of modern minors. The purpose of the study is to identify the peculiarities of the influence of information globalization on the mentality of minors who accept the collective consciousness of individual social groups as their own in the context of the development of its destructiveness using the example of specific forms of digital deviations. Hypothesis. The mental affiliation of the digital generation is the acceptance by a minor of the collective mentality of a particular social group as his own, which helps a person integrate into this social group and determine his place in it and beyond, in the context of digital information globalization. Methods and materials. The connection between the concept of mental belonging and theories of social identity, self-categorization, social representations and trajectory is revealed, which determines an interdisciplinary approach to countering the criminalization of the digital generation and studying it through "Legal Psychology", "Criminology" and "Age Psychology". The above statistics, as well as the data from the sociological survey, confirm the hypothesis about the influence of digital communities on the formation of digital deviations of minors and their further criminalization. Results. The main results are to substantiate the idea that mental belonging is determined by the collective consciousness of the Internet community, where minors are exposed to new meanings, values and views; to analyze the stages of mental belonging, which involve a path from self-knowledge of minors to mental mimicry in this Internet community; to characterize individual forms of digital deviations of the modern generation of minors. Conclusions. The mental identity of the digital generation also determines juvenile delinquency. Teenagers entering virtual reality leads to the formation of both new deviations and new types of crimes.
Context and relevance. The article examines current problems of protecting children's rights in the context of modern threats and challenges. Objective. The aim of the study is to analyze the current state of the children's rights protection system, identify the main threats and challenges to childhood in modern society, and develop effective strategies to counter modern threats to childhood. Special attention is paid to analyzing the practical experience of the Republic of Dagestan in the field of child protection. Hypothesis. The article proposes comprehensive approaches to improving the child protection system, including those taking into account regional specifics. These include: the creation of a system of prevention and early detection of threats, the creation of a system of interdepartmental interaction, raising awareness and legal literacy of children and parents, information support, the integration of traditional and modern mechanisms for the protection of children, specialized programs for rural areas, etc., as well as the adoption of the federal law "On the system of comprehensive protection of children's rights in the context of modern threats." Methods and materials. The study utilized the following methods: theoretical and legal analysis of regulatory legal acts, statistical monitoring of data from Rosstat, the Children's Rights Commissioner of the Republic of Dagestan, and guardianship authorities, as well as sociological surveys of parents and children. To assess the effectiveness of regional programs, comparative analysis methods ("Family and Children of Dagestan," "School Mediation"), expert interviews, and modeling of conceptual proposals for improving the child rights protection system were used. The study was based on regulatory legal acts, official statistics, and sociological research: results of surveys of parents and children (based on materials from regional studies), expert opinions (materials from working meetings of the Commission on Minors' Affairs, interviews with the Ombudsman for Children's Rights), publications in the media and scientific journals. Results. The study reveals shortcomings in the child rights protection mechanism, primarily due to weak interagency cooperation and insufficient legal awareness among families. Conclusions. The study identified both successful child support practices based on regional specifics and systemic problems such as social orphanhood, educational inequality, and legal nihilism among parents, including regarding legal aspects of upbringing, etc.
Context and relevance. The problem of recidivism remains one of the acute problems for the modern penitentiary system and society as a whole. According to statistics, the proportion of people who re-commit crimes after serving their sentences remains at a high level, which actualizes the search for psychological mechanisms underlying sustainable criminal behavior. In this regard, for the possibility of predicting and subsequent prevention of recidivism, it becomes relevant to study the stable personal characteristics of convicts, in particular, the relationship between their aggressive tendencies and the ability to respond emotionally. Objective. The purpose of the study is to identify differences in aggressiveness and emotional response ability in convicts with first and repeat convictions. Methods and materials. The study involved 291 inmates aged 18 to 69 years (M = 39,7; SD = 10,9), 247 males and 44 females. The following methods were used: socio-demographic questionnaire, Wagner “Hand Test”, “Emotional Response Scale”. Results. As a result, it was found that convicts with first and repeated convictions, as well as those differing on the object of the crime, had no differences in aggressiveness and ability to emotional response. At the same time, the aggressiveness of male convicts is statistically significantly higher than that of men who have never been criminally prosecuted. Convicts in general appear sensitive to experiences, but may not realize what others are experiencing. Conclusions. Convicts with first and second convictions do not differ in aggressiveness. In general, they turn out to be sensitive to experiences, but they may not understand what others are experiencing. The obtained results can be used in designing programmes of psychological support for inmates in the process of resocialisation.
Context and relevance. The global digitalization of justice actualizes the problem of psychological readiness of the judicial corps to work with artificial intelligence systems. Large-scale judicial and legal reforms in the Republic of Uzbekistan, initiated by His Excellency President Sh.M. Mirziyoyev since 2016, have reached a qualitatively new stage with the adoption of Presidential Decrees No. UP-140 and No. UP-141 dated August 21, 2025, which laid the legal foundation for the "Digital Court" concept and the creation of the Academy of Justice. Automation bias represents a critical risk to the objectivity of judicial decisions in the context of AI technology implementation. Objective. To develop a scientifically-based model of preventive psychological preparation of judges for working with AI systems within the framework of implementing the "Digital Court" concept in the Republic of Uzbekistan. Hypothesis. Preventive psychological preparation, integrated into the educational programs of the Academy of Justice, forms critical thinking when interacting with AI systems and reduces automation bias risks while maintaining judges' professional autonomy. Methods and materials. Comprehensive analysis of legal acts of the Republic of Uzbekistan, systematic review of international research on automation bias in legal practice, development of a theoretical model of judges' psychological readiness factors for working with AI systems based on decision-making theories and professional identity. Results. Key psychological factors were identified: cognitive (critical thinking), motivational (professional autonomy), emotional (anxiety management). A three-stage preparation model was developed: awareness of automation bias risks, development of critical evaluation skills for AI recommendations, formation of sustainable interaction patterns. Integration mechanisms into Academy of Justice programs were proposed. Conclusions. A preventive approach to psychological preparation of judges is strategically significant for justice quality. Integration of automation bias prevention programs into Academy of Justice activities will ensure the formation of a competitive judicial corps ready for effective use of AI technologies while maintaining critical thinking and professional responsibility.
Context and relevance. Information security for children and adolescents is currently a key subject of interdisciplinary research and practice. Data from Russian and international studies indicate a high prevalence of threats to the information security of minors, the main ones being cyberbullying, personal data theft, online pedophilia, involvement in destructive subcultures and movements, manipulation of minors for criminal purposes, and addictions. Objective. To systematize and describe the prospects and limitations of the main approaches to information security for children and adolescents in modern science and applied research, as well as to develop a comprehensive approach to the issue of information security for minors that would integrate the most constructive solutions from existing approaches. Hypothesis. There is a number of relatively isolated approaches and study directions in the field of information security, each with its own merits and potential, but also significant limitations. Methods and Materials. A literature search using keywords in the scientometric databases eLibrary and Lens to conduct the analysis. Results. Three main areas of research and applied development in the field of information security for minors were identified: technological; socio-psychological; and socio-political, or normative. The main principles and substantive achievements within each area are examined. It is shown that all three areas have significant merits, and each has achieved significant scientific and applied results. However, there are also limitations, partly related to the significant isolation of each area from the others. Conclusions. To overcome existing difficulties, obtain interdisciplinary scientific data, and timely update applied research, it is recommended to promote an integrated approach that includes technological, socio-psychological, and socio-political solutions and involves a wide range of decision-makers and stakeholders at various stages of scientific and practical work.
Context and relevance. Diagnostics of destructive behavior risks in adolescents is a key stage in prevention. A verified methodological framework provides a systematic approach. As part of a longitudinal study, a diagnostic model based on S.V. Bonkalo's life position has been developed to improve the effectiveness of risk management in closed type special educational institutions (here next — CTSEI). Objective. To identify the psychological mechanism of transition from a destructive to a constructive life position among students in CTSEI through the use of a set of psychological and pedagogical technologies. Hypothesis. The use of a comprehensive prevention and correction program based on the “Childhood Ecosystem” model in CTSEI leads to a statistically significant change in the complex of parameters that characterize the students' antisocial attitudes. Methods and materials. Sample: students of 15 CTSEI: 1st cut (N = 456, Mage = 15.4 ± 1.3, M = 396); 2nd cut (N = 463, Mage = 15.4 ± 1.3, M = 405); 3rd cut (N = 486, Mage = 15.4 ± 1.8, M = 438); 4th cut (N = 447, Mage = 15.4 ± 1.9, M = 392). Methods: “Style of Self-Regulation of Behavior” (Morosanova); “Dispositions for Violent Extremism” (Davydov, Khlomov); “Strategies for Coping with Stressful Situations” (SACS) (Hobfoll; adaptation by Vodopyanova, Starchenkova); “Ostracism Experience Scale”; “Ostracism Threatened Needs Scale” (Boykina et al.); “Test of Life Orientation” (Leontiev); “Tree” (Lampen; adaptation by Ponomarenko), “Self-Attitude” (Pantileev, Stolin); “Resilience test” (Osin, Rasskazova). Results. The study demonstrated the effectiveness of a comprehensive prevention and correction program for CTSEI students. The program reduced the antisocial position by 12.6% in the antisocial cluster and increased the proportion of students in the prosocial cluster. Conclusions. Correction of a destructive position requires at least 12 months, with the stages of resistance, doubt, and acceptance. The risk of relapse is high with shorter periods or without considering external factors.
Context and relevance. The work is aimed at the mechanisms of moral disengagement among convicted under Article 131 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation, as well as testing the hypothesis that sexism and time perspective may be predictors of moral disengagement in this sample. Method and materials. The research (N = 55) involved male respondents convicted under Article 131 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation, aged from 35 to 61 years (M = 42.21). Questionnaires of moral disengagement MD-24 were used, adapted by Ya. Ledova and colleagues, questionnaire of the structure of sexism by E. Zizevskaya and M. Shchukina, questionnaire of time perspective by P. Zimbardo. To confirm the results of the questionnaire, qualitative research methods were used: unfinished sentences and the thematic apperception test of G. Murray. Results. To confirm the obtained results, two experiments were conducted, on sexism as a predictor of moral disengagement and time perspective as a predictor of moral disengagement. Conclusions. The obtained results make it possible to say that among those convicted under Article 131 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation, the mechanisms of moral disengagement-dehumanization and attribution of blame-prevail, and also that sexism and time perspective can be predictors for this phenomenon.
Context and relevance. Extreme volunteerism is a specific type of prosocial activity in which civilians are involved in performing tasks in special conditions on a voluntary basis. The choice to participate in extreme volunteerism is based on prosocial considerations and responsibility, serves as a manifestation of civic duty and patriotism, and is focused on justice and spiritual and moral values. Context and relevance. Extreme volunteerism is a specific type of prosocial activity in which civilians who demonstrate the highest spiritual and moral values are involved in performing tasks in special conditions on a voluntary basis. Methodological and theoretical basis: the basic provisions of the theory of self-determination, axiological and subjective-participatory approaches. Goal. To establish the nature of the relationship between coping strategies of behavior and the motivation of personal choice for the participation of volunteers in a special military operation. Hypothesis. The orientation of personal choice to participate in volunteerism actualizes the manifestation of certain coping behavioral strategies: ideological choice — self—control, acceptance of responsibility and positive reassessment; pragmatic choice - distancing and confrontational coping. Methods and materials. Sample: 125 participants in a special military operation. Questionnaires have been applied: 1) coping strategies (R. Lazarus, S. Folkman) and 2) studying personal choice of participation in extreme volunteerism (V.E. Petrov). Data processing methods: correlation and regression analyses, assessment of differences in indicators in groups. Results. A direct relationship has been established between the components of personal choice and coping strategies. The differences in the groups of respondents with ideological and pragmatic types of personal choice are shown. Ideological volunteers are distinguished by taking responsibility for the fate of the Motherland and the reference environment, transforming ideological positions in a prosocial direction, and entering the path of personal growth. Pragmatic volunteers appear as individuals with a predominance of subjectively significant interests and reduced emotional involvement in solving the tasks assigned to them. Conclusions. The interrelation of the value-semantic characteristics of the personality and the coping strategies of behavior used in extreme conditions is confirmed. The necessity of psychological support for volunteers, strengthening the spiritual and moral qualities of future defenders of the Fatherland is actualized.
Context and relevance. The article explores the components of self-organization and self-presentation tactics among cadets as predictors of their high level of psychological security. The study provides a comprehensive analysis of theoretical concepts related to these psychological phenomena, supplemented by empirical verification that establishes statistically significant correlational relationships. The findings hold substantial practical value for the professional training system of internal affairs personnel. An analysis of self-presentation tactics and self-organization features among first-year cadets at a law institute helps identify psychological resources and potential risks affecting the formation of psychological security in future law enforcement officers. The quantitative and qualitative data analysis can serve as a scientific foundation for designing a specialized adaptation program aimed at optimizing the professional socialization of young specialists in law enforcement agencies, with a focus on correcting and developing their behavioral patterns. The purpose of the study is to identify and systematize the specific features of self-organization and the self-presentation tactics used by cadets in the context of their psychological security index. The hypothesis posits that first-year cadets exhibit stable factor structures linking self-organization components and self-presentation tactics such as "exemplary model" and "entitlement," which contribute to a high level of psychological security during their adaptation to the academic environment. Methods and materials. The study involved 72 first-year cadets from the Police Training Faculty, specializing in "Ensuring Law and Order" (program code 40.03.02) at the Ufa Law Institute of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Russian Federation. The participants included 26 women and 46 men aged 17 to 19 years. Self-organization and self-presentation were assessed using the following questionnaires: "Diagnostics of Self-Organization Features" (A.D. Ishkov, N.G. Miloradova), "Self-Presentation Tactics Scale" (S. Lee, B. Quigley, modified by O.A. Pikuleva), and the level of psychological security was measured using the "Diagnostics of Personal Psychological Security" methodology (I.I. Prikhodko). Results. The study identified dominant self-presentation tactics, key parameters of self-organizational behavior, and developed a model explaining the relationship between self-organization components, self-presentation tactics, and a high level of psychological security among cadets. Conclusion. Based on the findings, designing optimal methods for psychological support and guidance will enable timely identification and correction of maladaptive self-presentation forms and self-organization disruptions, thereby ensuring more effective socialization of cadets into the professional community.
Context and relevance. The study is driven by an increase in crimes against public order, which result in damage or destruction of property committed in Russia between 2022 and 2024. The lack of elaboration of ideas about vandalism as an encroachment on public order makes it difficult to solve this issue and constitutes a scientific problem. Objective. The aim is to develop a theoretical model of the concept of vandalistic behavior as a threat to public order and its operationalization in the form of a scale of subjective assessment of vandalized objects of state, municipal and private property. Methods and materials. The group of experts consisted of 27 police officers from various regions of the country; the group of respondents consisted of 417 people (mean age: 21.3 years, SD = 4.1 years, 50.3% male participants, studying at higher education institutions in Kaluga, Sverdlovsk, Ulyanovsk regions, St. Petersburg. Methods Assessment of antisocial creativity (N.V. Meshkova et al.), the scale of legal nihilism (E.V. Raspopin, V.O. Ermosh), the scale of criminalization risk (K.V. Zlokazov) were used. Data were analyzed using reliability assessment procedures (Cronbach’s alpha, correlation analysis), group comparisons (Kruskal—Wallis H test), structural studies (exploratory factor analysis, EFA). Results. Verification of the construct of the perception of vandalism as a meaningful, attractive and permissible illegal act, confirmation of the reliability of the scale for studying ideas about vandalism. It is shown that the prerequisites for vandalism that encroaches on public order are antisocial creativity, legal nihilism, and a set of personality attitudes that contribute to the criminalization of behavior. Conclusions. The construct and the scale of subjective acceptability of vandalism have sufficient potential for application in scientific and practical activities. Identified psychological prerequisites for vandalistic behavior can be used in preventive work with diverse groups of the population to reduce acts aimed at violating public order.
Context and relevance. Explanation of the processes of submission to the law is one of the key issues of legal theory influencing the formation of the mechanism of legal regulation. Domestic positivistic dogma of law demonstrates a limited understanding of the socio-psychological aspects of legal behavior. This circumstance determines the need to expand the theoretical substantiation of these processes, including through the experience of alternative legal doctrine. Objective. To analyze the evolution of models of submission to the law within the framework of Anglo-American legal positivism in the process of integrating the socio-psychological aspects of legal behavior. Materials. The views of key representatives of the direction demonstrate significant diversity from a simplified model of coercion to complex concepts that take into account the cognitive and social mechanisms of legal legitimacy and law-abiding behavior. The concepts under consideration demonstrate the dynamics of development along the transformation line: from the paradigm of fear of punishment to the acceptance of the law as a mandatory established normative practice, with the subsequent affirmation of the important role of rational recognition of authority and the significance of communicative practices and institutional trust. Results. It is concluded that these theoretical developments: firstly, reveal the socio-psychological foundations of legal behavior and legal consciousness; secondly, offer new approaches to maintaining law-abiding behavior and preventing deviant behavior. Conclusions. The obtained results have significant practical potential in the field of implementing interdisciplinary developments in the field of improving legal education and socialization, developing criteria for the professional activities of officials and increasing the effectiveness of legal influence through mechanisms of law enforcement.
Context and relevance. The article discusses the relationship between career satisfaction and the organizational environment with the fatigue of law enforcement officers in their official activities. Objective. To identify the relationship between career satisfaction and the organizational environment with the fatigue of employees of internal affairs bodies and to establish differences in the severity of these parameters among employees with different levels of fatigue. Hypothesis. The study tests the following hypotheses: satisfaction with the career and organizational environment of internal affairs officers is interrelated with their fatigue; there are differences in the degree of satisfaction with the career and organizational environment of police officers with different levels of fatigue. Methods and materials. The respondents were 470 employees of the internal affairs bodies. This group included employees of such specialties as district police officers, police operatives, investigators, employees of personnel management units, as well as cadets of the St. Petersburg University of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia. In the course of the empirical study, psychodiagnostic tools were used: the questionnaire “Career Satisfaction scale” (K.V. Karpinski, T.V. Gizhuk), the questionnaire “How do you feel at work?” (A.A. Grachev), the questionnaire “Subjective assessment of personality fatigue” (S.V. Dukhnovsky, E.K. Shelepina). Results. In the course of the study, it was found that an increase in the fatigue of employees of internal affairs bodies correlates with an increase in dissatisfaction with their professional path and experiencing problems in the workplace. It has been established that employees of the internal affairs bodies with a low level of fatigue are characterized by satisfaction with the achieved professional results, with an average — reduced well-being and comfort in the performance of official activities, and with a high - dissatisfaction with career achievements and experiencing problems in the working environment. Conclusions. The results obtained expand the understanding of the fatigue of employees of internal affairs bodies and the factors of official activity affecting it, and also allow us to outline ways to improve the work environment.
Context and relevance. Codependency is a widespread phenomenon affecting the health of individuals and families, particularly in the presence of chemical and behavioral addictions that destabilize the family system. However, science currently lacks a unified theoretical framework for understanding codependency, which leads to terminological confusion and fragmented research. Objective. To systematize the main scientific approaches to the study of codependency. Methods and materials. The work relies on methods of conceptual analysis, synthesis, and a systematic approach to understanding theoretical concepts of codependency. Results. The article consistently examines five approaches: personological (emphasis on personality traits), psychodynamic (the role of unconscious conflicts and attachment disorders), clinical (codependency as a syndrome), systemic-family (anxiety as a property of the family system), and schema-focused (formation of early maladaptive schemas). Within each approach, key developmental mechanisms and etiological factors are identified. Conclusions. The presented systematization structures existing scientific views on codependency and can serve as a foundation for further theoretical and empirical research.
Context and relevance. The article considers the problem of terrorism victimology in the context of globalization and digitalization of society. Terrorism remains one of the most acute threats to the security of society and the state, which determines the relevance of developing a victimological approach to the study of this phenomenon. Objective. To develop a comprehensive approach to the analysis of the victimological aspects of terrorism, including psychological, social and information factors. Hypothesis. Effective victimological prevention of terrorism is possible only with a comprehensive consideration of the psychological, social and information factors influencing the process of victimization of potential victims of terrorist activities. Methods and materials. The theoretical and methodological basis of the study was formed by scientific works of domestic and foreign authors in the field of terrorism victimology. The materials contained in the UN report "Handbook on Children Recruited and Exploited by Terrorist and Violent Extremist Groups" for 2017, which summarizes the results of socio-psychological studies of individuals exposed to extremist propaganda, were used as secondary empirical data for the analysis. This study is theoretical and does not include an experimental component. The leading approach to the study of the problem is an interdisciplinary approach. The work also involved methods of analysis, synthesis, system analysis, typology, modeling, and a comparative method. Results. A comprehensive approach to the analysis of victimological aspects of terrorism has been developed, including psychological, social, and information factors; An integrative model of victimological prevention of terrorism has been created; A dynamic typology of potential victims of terrorism has been proposed; Modern mechanisms of recruitment and involvement in terrorist activities have been analyzed. Conclusions. Practical recommendations for improving measures of victimological prevention have been proposed.
Context and relevance. Remote crimes have become the most frequently-committed criminal activity in Russia. There is a new category of criminals who have committed illegal acts under the influence of fraudsters. To determine the feasibility of prosecution of remote crime victims, various complex psychological forensic evaluations take place.Objective. Criteria development for clinical psychology-based forensic assessment of psychological and mental state of defendants - victims of phone fraud. Methodology. The principles of forensic expertology are used in the research. Results. The research results in the phone fraud victims being diagnosed with pathological syndrome of affect-stricken increased emotional stress. The hierarchic diagnostics of informative personality traits and emotional state is described. The diagnostics statistically proves to distinguish the victims from those forensic participants who have maintained their ability for arbitrary regulation of activity. The subject of forensic evaluation of the phone fraud victims is defined as the ability to be conscious of posing social danger with their actions (harm). Conclusion. The study allows identifying psychological mechanisms of the affect-stricken behavior that have been used by telephone fakers to commit a crime.
Context and relevance. Addictive disorders represent a serious problem in the penitentiary system, where up to 67% of convicts suffer from substance use disorders. Traditional rehabilitation programs are characterized by fragmentation, personnel shortages and short-term interventions, which limits their effectiveness. Objective. To substantiate therapeutic communities as a scientific and practical alternative to traditional rehabilitation programs in places of deprivation of liberty. Hypothesis. The synthesis of group dynamics, digital technologies and interdepartmental interaction implemented in therapeutic communities is capable of transforming penitentiary rehabilitation into a highly effective tool for improving quality of life, increasing resocialization rates of convicts and enhancing social security. Methods and materials. An analytical review of scientific literature was conducted. Search and selection of sources was carried out in PubMed, eLibrary and Google Scholar databases using key queries: "therapeutic communities", "addiction rehabilitation", "resocialization of convicts". Peer-reviewed articles, monographs, government reports (FSIN of Russia, MVD, WHO) and clinical guidelines were included. Results. Therapeutic communities demonstrate a 45-50% reduction in recidivism and a two-thirds reduction in psychoactive substance use. Program duration of 12-18 months corresponds to neurobiological data on the time required to rebuild maladaptive neural networks. The economic efficiency of the method is 7:1 (return on investment). Conclusions. Therapeutic communities represent a scientifically based multidisciplinary rehabilitation model that integrates the principles of activity theory, social philosophy and cognitive behavioral therapy. Key advantages include the synergy of a structured immersive environment and group dynamics, as well as the ability to scale through digital platforms.
