* Corresponding Author: Elahe booali Email:elahe.abooali@gmail.com Background: Helicobacter pylori infection is known as an important risk factor in the development of ulcer, gastritis, and malignancy. However, recently, the systemic effect of H. pylori infection on other organs, such as infection of liver and development of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, has been found. The prevalence of HPI in NAFLD patients has been noted, as the prevalence of NAFLD is growing worldwide. The aim of the present research was to determine the prevalence of H. pylori in NAFLD patients. Then, in case of positive relationship, through the easy and inexpensive control and treatment of H. pylori, it is possible to prevent development of NAFLD whose prevalence is increasing. Materials and methods: A descriptive cross sectional study was carried out. NAFLD patients referring to Digestion clinic of Loghman Hakin hospital were chosen using available sampling. After confirmation of NAFLD via ultrasound, serology test of H. pylori antibody (IgG) was requested. Then, the collected data were coded and introduced into computer. The quantitative data are described using mean and standard deviation, while the qualitative data are described by frequency and percentage. Chi2 and independent t-test were used for data analysis. The prevalence was determined by confidence interval %95, and the statistical tests were performed at significance level of %5. Results: In the present study, 181 NAFLD patients were tested. The mean age of the patients was 11.95±44.15 years (male= %38.7) 70); female= %61.3) 111)). One patient (%0.55) from the NAFLD group was Grade IV, 15 %8.29)) were grade III, %28.18) 51) Grade II, and most of the patients (%63 ,114) were Grade I. H. pylori was positive among 114 patients (%63). The prevalence rates of positive IgG test among women and men were %64 and %61.4, respectively. No significant difference was observed in IgG test prevalence between men and women (p=0.731). No significance difference existed between the age of patients in terms of IgG test results, either (p=0.441). Although the prevalence of H. pylori was less in non-smokers, no significant difference was observed in the prevalence of H. pylori in terms of smoking status. Finally, no significant difference was observed between the two groups in terms of BMI (p=0.437). Conclusion: Our study indicated that the prevalence of H. pylori is relatively high in NAFLD patients. This high prevalence can be a cause for the possible relationship between H. pylori and NAFLD.
*Correspondinauthor:Maryam Ghasemi Email:dr.maryam.ghasemi61@gmail.com Background: Patients undergoing mechanical ventilation require continuous sedation to reduce anxiety; however, the type of sedative is controversial. In spite of the widespread use of propofol in such patients, propofol administration is associated with different complications such as increased vascular resistance, depression, and blood pressure drop; the evidence is extensively observed in the literature. The current study aimed at comparing the characteristics of patients receiving and not receiving propofol during the treatment. Materials and Methods: In the current historical cohort study, 500 patients admitted to the Intensive Care Unit (ICU) of Masih Daneshvari Hospital were selected using purposive sampling method. Accordingly, 250 patients were assigned to the propofol group and 250 others to the non-propofol group. The study groups were analyzed based on Richmond agitation-sedation scale (RASS), the critical-care pain observation tool (CPOT), hypotension, and length of hospital/ICU stay using Chi-square, the Fisher exact, and t-test. Results: Comparison of the two groups showed that the CPOT score was significantly lower in the nonpropofol group (0.7±1.5) compared with the propofol group (1±2.9) (p = 0.036). Also, the level of blood pressure drop in the propofol group was significantly higher than that of the non-propofol group (p = 0.023). Comparison of the two groups in terms of the quality of sedation based on RASS score indicated the superiority of the non-propofol group to the propofol group; therefore, the comparison of mean scores (0.2±1.2vs 0.2±0.7-) showed a significant difference between the two groups (p=0.036). Conclusion: Based on the results of the current study, it seems that receiving propofol increases the probability of hypotension and the length of hospital/ICU stay, and based on the studied variables, propofol has a lower sedative quality and pain control capability in patients.
Email:nuri_r7@ut.ac.ir Background: Diabetes is a form of metabolic disease whose sufferers are constantly exposed to cardiovascular diseases. Exercise training and diet are two important factors in managing this disease. Thus, the aim of the present study was to investigate the interactive effect of high intensity interval and low intensity continuous trainings and Crocin on the expressions of PGC1-α and UCP1 genes in heart tissue of diabetic rats. Materials and Methods: In the present experimental study, 56 diabetic male rats (induced by highfat diet and injections Stz) were divided into seven groups: 1) High Intensity Interval training, 2) High Intensity Interval training and Crocin consumption, 3) Low Intensity Continuous Trainings, 4) Low Intensity Continuous Trainings and Crocin consumption, 5) Sham, 6) Crocin consumption, and 7) Control. Both High Intensity Interval and Low Intensity Continuous training groups were trained on the treadmill 3 sessions per week for 8 weeks, respectively, with the intensities of 80 to 85 and 50 to 55 percent of maximum running speed on rodent treadmill; Crocin consumption group received 25 mg/kg Crocin per day for 8 weeks. The data were analyzed running Paired sample t-test, two-way ANOVA, and Bonferron's post hoc tests (p≤0.05). Results: Training (p = 0.001) and crocin consumption (p = 0.001) significantly increased the expressions of PGC1-α and UCP1. Also, training with crocin consumption was found to have interactive effects on increasing the expressions of PGC1-α (p = 0.001) and UCP1 (p = 0.001) and high intensity interval and low intensity continuous trainings have the same effects on the increase of UCP1 expression (p = 0.02). Conclusion: It seems that high intensity interval and low intensity continuous training with Crocin consumption had interactive effects on the improvement of PGC1-α and UCP1 gene expression levels in heart tissue of diabetic rats.
