Understanding the beliefs that guide teachers’ decision making and actions in their classrooms could help educators adjust how they work with teachers to provide more targeted feedback, to support teachers‘ professional growth and development throughout their career. The ultimate aim of this study was to show the tripartite relationship among EFL teachers’ cognition, perceived and actual classroom practices of reading instruction at secondary schools in Addis Ababa. A descriptive survey research design was employed. Questionnaire, interview and classroom observation were used as major data collection instruments. Particularly, questionnaire and interview were used to explore teachers’ cognition, and perceived practices of reading instruction whereas classroom observation was done to assess their actual classroom practices. The study was held at six secondary schools found in Gulela sub city in Addis Ababa. 80 English language teachers who were active in the academic year of 2022 had taken part in filling the questionnaire. And classroom observation and interview were done with six EFL teachers. The study participants were selected purposively. Finally, the data attained via questionnaire was analyzed quantitatively by using SPSS, whereas data from interview and classroom observation were qualitatively narrated. The finding revealed that EFL teachers’ cognition of reading instruction and their actual classroom practices lied on the bottom up approach of reading instruction whereas the report of teachers’ perceived classroom practices indicated that they implement top-down approach. EFL teachers’ cognition of reading instruction was found to be contradicting with their perceived classroom practices but congruent with their actual classroom practices.
This present paper focuses on the caste discrimination that is projected in the novel, Untouchable. Mulk Raj Anand narrated the lives of the impoverished and oppressed in traditional Indian society. The novel, Untouchable illuminates the atrocities that still exist in India. The narrative illustrates the tense and troubled interactions between upper-caste Hindus, Muslims, Christians and untouchables oppressed in colonial India. Bakha is a metaphor for the oppression and exploitation that have been untouchables like him. Bakha is an extremely skilled worker and passers-by frequently admired his prowess and briefly wondered whether he belonged to cleaning public restrooms. The main character, Bakha, is a life-size character who effectively conveys the agony of an oppressed, disadvantaged, and fated human being for no other reason than being an outcast. Mulk Raj Anand has painted a true and accurate picture of traditional Brahminical India, when the low caste population's plight was truly deplorable and pitiful.
“Pain may be the only reality but if mankind had any sense it would pursue the delusion called happiness. All the philosophers and poets who tell us that pain and suffering have a place and purpose in the cosmic order of things are welcome to them. They are frauds. We justify pain because we do not know what to make of it, nor do we have any choice but to bear it. Happiness alone can make us momentarily larger than ourselves
This study is an attempt to determine the effect of using audio-visual media on improving student learning abilities at MTs Ma’arif Miftahul Huda Lempuyang Anjatan Indramayu. This research is to answer the questions: (1) How is the students’ speaking ability in MTs Ma’arif Miftahul Huda Lempuyang Anjatan Indramayu? (2) How is the fluency of students’ speaking ability in MTs Ma’arif Miftahul Huda Lempuyang Anjatan Indramayu? (3) Hoe effective is audio-visual media to improve students’ speaking ability in MTs Ma’arif Miftahul Huda Lempuyang Anjatan Indramayu? This study used quantitative method.The data collection method used the pre-test method, the treatment method and the post-test method. The population in this study was 251 and a sample of 71 students were taken from grade 8. The results of this study showed the average score of students was 55,5 after being given treatment, there was a significant change in the improvement, the average score of students was 71. Improved learning outcome after using audio-visual media by 15,5 %. From this research, it can be concluded that there is effectiveness in using audio-visual media to improve students’ speaking ability
In translating text, translators have to be able to transfer one language into another language based on the culture, grammar and idiom in order to make the translation accurate. Hence, this research analyzed idiomatic expressions in the subtitles of Beauty and the Beast movie. It aimed to identify the types of strategies used by the translator and the meaning of idiomatic expressions found in the movie. The writer designed this research as descriptive qualitative research. In the process of analyzing the data, the researcher focuses on Baker’s idiomatic translation strategies applied by the translator to translate idiomatic expressions in the subtitles of Beauty and The Beast movie, which are similar meaning and form strategies, similar meaning but dissimilar form, translation by paraphrasing and by omission. The results of this research showed that there were 10 data of idiomatic expressions, which are 3 data used idiomatic translation by similar meaning and form, 2 data used idiomatic translation by similar meaning but dissimilar form, 3 data used idiomatic translation by paraphrase, and 2 data used idiomatic translation by omission.
A model for better educational practices is being developed as a result of the expansion of educational research as a branch of science, according to the researchers working in this area. Research and Development (R&D) Method is one of the best model designs. This study employs a descriptive qualitative research methodology that depicts the scenario as it relates to an indicator or the current status of the findings in the field. In this study, the methods for gathering data and information were interviewing, and documenting studies of the necessary data sources. This article presents a number of models for development research, including the Borg and Gall Development model, the Sadiman Development model, the ADDIE Development model, the Dick and Carey Development model, and the Data Center for Education and Culture Information Technology of Ministry of National Education
This study is motivated by observation data, which shows that the majority of students believe writing is difficult. To address this issue, the author conducts research to determine the types of syntactical errors, the dominant type of syntactical errors, and the factors that influence the students' syntactical errors. The descriptive qualitative research method is used in this study. The data are drawn from abstract theses written by undergraduate students at Sekolah Tinggi Bahasa Asing (STIBA)-IEC Bekasi from 2017 to 2019. The research results have been categorized according to James' (1998) classification of syntactical errors proposed in Error in Language Learning and Use. The analysis reveals the existence of five distinct types of syntactical errors, namely omission, addition, misformation, misordering, and blend. Among these, misformation emerges as the predominant type of syntactical error committed by the students. Furthermore, the occurrence of these syntactical errors is found to be influenced by both inter-lingual and intra-lingual factors.
Learning/ Teaching a Foreign language / Second language (English) is a complex task especially in a non-native context where there is little scope for exposure to and use of the target language.The mother tongue (L1) exercises pro-active interference in the learning of a foreign language like English (L2).The level of complexity /difficulty increases with the widening difference between the two languages (L1&L2).Higher levels of conscious efforts are required on the part of the learners to free themselves of the influence of the mother tongue, and to understand, assimilate and interpret the newly learnt language items.It's an uphill task, both challenging and rewarding for the teacher also to play a pivotal role in facilitating the teaching-learning process.High motivation is the need of the hour for the teaching-learning process so as to make it a pleasant experience for both the partners in the process.In this context Language Games serve as an effective tool towards this end and serve the purpose.Learners of all age groups show interest in games and learning becomes easier and simpler when learning takes place through games.Language games provide familiar, native setting for language learning in a non-native context there by removing all sorts of apprehensions, hesitation, fears and confusion.
The Objectives of the research are to find out the idiomatic expressions, to identify kinds of the idiomatic expressions, and find out the meaning of the idiomatic expressions found in the Wanda Vision TV miniseries. Some phrases in English language cannot be understood literally. A reader often needs to see the whole unit to understand the context of the phrases and these phrases are called idiom. The writer uses qualitative method to gain the objectives of the study. The researcher already collected the data from the script of the miniseries and categorized the idiomatic expression. The total number of idiom expressions is105. The categories found are 4 similes, 2 binomials, 5 proverbs, 9 clichés, and 85 fixed statements. And each idiomatic expressions meaning could be defined. The conclusion from the data gathered based on the 105 idiomatic expressions found in the Wanda Vision TV miniseries is fixed statement idiomatic expressions frequently used
The purpose of this study is to describe the pidgin language of the people of South Korea by looking at the pidgin in Korean which was formed through the background of Japanese colonial history and Korean colonial history. Similar to Indonesia and Malaysia, South Korea was also under Japanese colonial rule from 1910 to 1945. Against this historical background, Japanese expressions or Japanese writing methods in Korean society are very commonly used today. The use of Japanese expressions and methods can easily be found in legal sentences and official documents used by the government. The data in this study are the formation of a new language from several languages or pidginization. this type of research is qualitative research. Data collection techniques in this study used observation, interview and documentation techniques, in this study the method used was content analysis method. From the research results, it was found that the Pidginization Process in general is a simplification of language form. for example morphologically (word structure) and syntactically (grammatical structure), tolerance for phonological variations (pronunciation), reduction of a number of functions, and extensive borrowing of words from several languages.
Loan words or borrowing words have already dominated in almost all of our everyday lives. All aspects of lives have already been inserted by foreign languages due to increasing the frequency of our contact with other nations through language. One of the examples is English loanwords in entitling the TV program in some Indonesian TV stations. This paper investigates the English words, phrases, expressions borrowed by Indonesian to entitle TV programs in 5 TV stations. Besides investigating the borrowing words, the writer also investigates the word class and borrowing process classification . The result of the research ranges 40% – 94.12 % of those 5 TV stations used English loanwords or phrases in entitling the program. The dominant process of loanwords still adoption, it ranges 33,310% - 100%, the second rank is adaptation , it ranges 9.5% -27.8 %, and the last one is one the three process of loanword, adoption, adaptation, and translation mixed with Indonesian. It ranges from 9.5 % to 38.9 %. Translation and creation are not clearly detected. In conclusion, almost all National TV stations are unavoidable using English loanwords in entitling the programs even TVRI as official TV station of this country. significantly influenced by them
The quest for identity and the struggle to identify oneself with the surroundings resulting in a sense of alienation and estrangement is experienced by the protagonists of the women's writing.This paper attempts to focus on the common features of the characters in the novels of the two women authors Anita Desai and Margaret Atwood.Most of the protagonists of Desai can be classified under two categories, one with disturbed, obsessed, oversensitive, aesthetic sensibility while the others are a little tough, stubborn, sarcastic, and cynical about the situations and the people around.Whether it is Maya, Monisha, Sita and Tara who belong to the first category or Nirode, Amla, Nanda and Sophie who belong to the second category, it all begins with the feeling of that estrangement which leads to the zenith though they chose different endings.Margaret Atwood opines that the central reality of Canada or Canadian literature depends wholly on the concept of survival and existence.Similar to those of Desai, Atwood's heroines attempt to discover their inner self as they feel that they are like emotional refugees seeking shelter in a terrain that they cannot identify themselves with.Most of her characters, especially women feel emotionally maimed and undergo a constant turmoil to connect with the now and present.
The emergence of Covid-19 created the stipulation for virtual learning as a teaching platform. This study aims to ascertain the perception of ESL learners about virtual education in contrast with the Traditional one in the age of convergence. The comparative analysis will focus on fathoming the influence of these two platforms' engagement and interaction intensity with the ESL learners and the repercussion of the teaching and learning styles adopted to compete for the hostile circumstances of Covid-19. The methodology used is the quantitative comparative analytical method of research. An electronic questionnaire was used to collect initial data from two samples of classroom size of 60 each; adopted one population from virtual learning and another from a traditional setting. The finding shows that the sample of the virtual learning could have been more satisfied with the engagement, interaction and teaching methods. In contrast, the second sample experienced a wide variety of exposure to the learning style, communications, and engagement and was satisfied with traditional learning. Therefore, to increase the activities and study convenience, blended learning would be a better option to improve learners' contentment.
Teaching English to the students of urban and rural areas is like offering bread and butter for breakfast to a common man who is accustomed to taking a porridge in the morning. The proficiency level in English, of learners in rural areas, is terribly low. A mini survey has been carried out among students to test their English language-acquiring skills like speaking, reading, writing, comprehending and so on. The study investigated the rationale for students’ poor performance in the English Language. Suitable recommendations were made for further improvement of students’ performance in English Language, based on the research.
The African classical tradition finds its development in African novel as African novels deals with variety of themes such as art, religion, apartheid, culture, tradition, ironies of life, colonial and post-colonial realities etc. African and Caribbean writing often celebrates black womanhood in a move towards a specifically African feminism. Mother is a person who nurtures and protects. African Literature in all ages celebrates motherhood and gives prime focus to motherhood in women’s’ life. Flora Nwapa, the Mother of female African Literature in English also treats motherhood as her main theme. Nwapa through her works portrays Igbo culture and Igbo Tradition. The lead characters in Efuru and Idu log for motherhood in their life and suffer in life because of it. Though successful in life in all other aspects they are considered incomplete because they are barren. Both the works deals with Motherhood and marriage as its prime focus and suffering of a woman and her quest for selfhood in the family and in society at large.
The purpose of this study is to Analyze of The Main characters in Storyline The Film "Nanti Kita Cerita Tentang Hari Ini" directed by Angga Dwimas Sasongko. Before collecting data, first watched movies and read novels. This research method is descriptive qualitative. This film was adapted from novel by Marcella Febritrisia Putri. The first Indonesian to reach 2 million viewers in 2020. Film has won various awards. Storyline of this film tells the story of a family trying to maintain understanding and harmony. Conflicts in family are caused by in the past secrets that have not been revealed. This 121-minute film tells the story of a family of five, parents and three children. In my opinion interesting characters in this film are Narendra as father and Awan as youngest child. Narendra's character has endured traumatic feelings for years, making him seem overly possessive and indulgent to Awan, but on the other hand, Awan's character is actually disrespectful to her parents. Therefore, I conducted an analysis of two main characters. The approach is a literary study that has a big role for readers in accepting, experiencing and understanding literary works.
This study aims to identify the struggle of women against the figure of Jo March in the movie Little Women (2019) with a feminist approach. The discovery of women’s struggles in this movie, as well as the struggles of Jo March, the main character, in pursuing her dream, are discussed in this research. The researcher used qualitative research in this research. There are two sources of data used to analyze the related issues, namely primary and secondary data sources. Primary data sources from the movie Little Women (2019) and other sources such as international journals, websites, previous research, and other articles. From the researchers’ analysis, there are two conclusions. First, there are problems faced by the main character related to gender stereotypes, such as that women should marry well. The second is the struggle of the main character to pursue her dream in the future, like when the main character cuts her hair to sell, even though hair is a woman's crown at that time.
This study aims to know the moral values and the types of moral values in Aquaman film. with moral approach. There are two research problems proposed from this “AQUAMAN” analyzing film. Based on the research problems, the researcher uses descriptive qualitative method in collecting the data. To analyze this film, the researcher applies moral value approach. There are two sources of data used to analyze the related issues, namely primary and secondary data sources. Primary data sources from the film Aquaman (2018) and other sources such as journals, websites, previous research, and other articles. In conclusion, the findings of this research shows there are many moral values found in the movie “AQUAMAN”, such as: love and affection, care, bravery, and sincerity. Then, Love, affection, care, bravery, and sincerity are very important parts of human life
The paper explores the intersection of decolonization and ecofeminism, shedding light on the critical examination of these intertwined concepts. It delves into the multifaceted relationships between colonialism, gender, and the environment, aiming to challenge dominant narratives and present an alternative perspective on environmental justice and gender equality. Drawing upon a range of theoretical frameworks and empirical evidence, this study critically analyses the oppressive forces of colonialism and their impact on both marginalized communities and the natural world. It highlights the historical context of colonialism and its ongoing repercussions in terms of resource extraction, land dispossession, and ecological degradation. Moreover, the paper investigates how these processes disproportionately affect women and marginalized genders, amplifying existing gender inequalities and exacerbating environmental injustices. Through an ecofeminist lens, this research emphasizes the interconnectedness of social, ecological, and gendered systems, demonstrating how patriarchal and capitalist ideologies contribute to the exploitation of both women and nature. By uncovering these power dynamics, the study aims to deconstruct dominant narratives and offer a more inclusive and holistic understanding of environmental issues. Furthermore, the paper explores various strategies and movements within ecofeminism that seek to challenge and resist the impacts of colonialism. It examines the potential of ecofeminist thought and activism in fostering sustainable, equitable, and just relationships with nature, centering the voices and experiences of marginalized communities. Overall, this research contributes to the growing body of literature on decolonization and ecofeminism, providing a critical analysis of their intersections and implications. By deconstructing oppressive structures and offering alternative perspectives, it aims to inspire discussions, policies, and actions that foster environmental justice and gender equality, ultimately paving the way for a more inclusive and sustainable future.
