By analyzing the development of low-carbon economy in He'nan Province,the comprehensive evaluation index system of low-carbon economic development was esstablishied,which is from the economic,technological,social and environmental aspects.Using analytic hierarchy process(AHP),the evaluation results of low-carbon economic development in He'nan Province were made,which showed: the most important factors which affected the low-carbon economic development in He'nan province were environmental systems and economic development.Several suggestions were put forward:to increase scientific and technological input;to construct an ecological city;to promote low-carbon way of life;to establish a low carbon economy regional pilot.
Analyzed the present land use structure and existing problems in bauxite region in Pingguo county,proposed adjustment programs,and evaluated the status of total arable land using Dynamic Equilibrium Composite Index.The result showed the total cultivated land changed from bad disequilibrium from 1995-2002 to disequilibrium in 2008.Then the paper analyzed factors which affect total cultivated land in bauxite region and feasibility and potential of dynamic equilibrium of the total arable land,and at last the author put forward countermeasures.Adjustment programs of land use structure and the result of evaluation on dynamic equilibrium of the total arable land in the paper will provide a scientific basis on implement messures formulated by local government,and it will be beneficial to the sustainable development and utilization of land resources in bauxite region in Pingguo County.
The physiological indices of six greening tree species on a large-scale Pig Farm of Fuxin city were measured by the LI-6400 portable photosynthesis system,and their carbon-fixation and oxygen-release potentials were evaluated.The results indicated that the daily curves of the net photosynthetic rates of the six tree species were mainly a double-peak type,with the first peak appearing between 7:00-9:00,the second one between 14:00-16:00,and an apparent photosynthetic siesta phenomenon at noon.The net photosynthetic rates of Populus alba berolinensis and Populus simonii Car seasonally varied as single-peak curve and arrived at the peak in June and July,respectively.And that of Pyrus ussuriensis Miaxim.fand Pyrus ussuriensis Maxim.varied as a double-peak curve,with a valley August.The net photosynthetic rates of Passer montanus saturatus Stejneger and Syringa oblata Lindl also seasonally varied as a double-peaks curve,with a significant reduction in June.The potentials of the six tree species on fixing carbon and releasing oxygen were high in the months of June,July and August,weaker in September,and weakest in May.The order of their potentials on fixing carbon and releasing oxygen was Pyrus ussuriensis Miaxim.f Passer montanus saturatus Stejneger Pyrus ussuriensis Maxim. Populus simonii Carr. Populus alba berolinensis Syringa oblata Lindl.Pyrus ussuriensis Miaxim.f.,Passer montanus saturatus Stejneger and Populus simonii Carr.were suitable greening tree species for widely planting on the large-scale pig farm.
Effects of conservation tillage on crops yield,soil bulk density,water and heat conditions along with roles of conservative tillage on water conservation in the slope farmland were explored through a comparative study between the slope farmland and the flat farmland in the black soil region of Northeast China.Two conservation tillage methods of no-tillage(NT) and reduced tillage(RT) were adopted in the corn-soybean rotation system.It was showed that soybean yield increased 12.56% for NT treatment while decreased 0.94% for RT treatment in the slope farmland,and corn yield increased 1.10% for NT treatment while decreased 14.80% for RT treatment in the slope farmland.In comparation,soybean yields were enhanced by 9.23% and 4.80% for NT and RT treatments respectively while corn yields were reduced by 22.60% and 10.02% for NT and RT treatments respectively in the flat farmland.It was also indicated that NT treatment improved the soil bulk density,soil quality and water content,and reduced the soil temperature of the topsoil.The differences between treatments were less in the slope farmland than those in the flat farmland.Moreover,NT treatment also reduced runoff and runoff coefficient of water losses and soil erosion in the slope farmland.
Introducing environment factor into the group of production elements,based on DEA-Malmquist productivity index approach,this paper analyses the regional total factor productivity and its growth mode from the aspects of change trend,driving force,and difference of production element effects over the period 2000-2007 in Jilin province.The main conclusions are as follows.⑴It is most likely that the improvement of environmental efficiency is faster than resources efficiency,so the universal existence of end-pipe treatment is rational to a great extent.⑵TFP presents a growth trend in Jilin province mainly due to technical change,but without obvious convergence among cities.⑶The economic performance of regional central cities in middle area such as Changchun city and Jilin city has a dominant role in TFP improvement of the whole region.⑷The deference of TFP growth modes is great among cities and during years in Jilin province,and the growth quality of TFP is increased to some extent under the influence of investment pulling effect.⑸The economic performance is characterized by investment pulling in Jilin province,and the factor which contributes more to economy growth is shifted from capital and labor to capital and TFP.⑹It should pay more attention to the soft technology and environment treatment while promoting the development of regional economy.
The study of relationship between the growth rate of juvenile shrimps in body weight and the mass concentration of K+,Ca2+,Mg2+,Na+/K+ ratio and ion coefficient(M/D ratio)was coaducted through,culture test of Litopenaeus vannamei with saline-alkali water.The results showed that the specific growth rate in(SGRW) of juvenile shrimps were not significant difference from each other(P0.05) in different water tested with alkalinity of 10.32～38.50 mmol/L,salinity of 0.102～0.334% and pH of 8.5-9.5 and afeer the average body weight was 3.16±0.41 %/d.The ratios of simple relationship between SGRW and 5 kinds of environment factor were all affected by effects of the other factors or their suites,and they were not all significant different(P0.05).The eccentric relativity between SGRW and K+ was not significant different(P0.05),Ca2+ and Mg2+ were significant different(P0.05),and Na+/K+ and M/D ratio were extremely significant different(P0.01).The eccentric regression between SGRW and Mg2+ and M/D ratio were significant different(P0.05),Na+/K+ ratio was extremely significant different(P0.01),K+ and Ca2+ were not significant different(P0.05).Mg2+,Na+/K+ and M/D ratio affect the growth in saline-alkali water,M/D ratio may be leading factor,and to reduce M/D ratio with adding CaCl2 will be advantageous to prawn-cultivating in salinization reed pond.
The principal component analysis(PCA) and hierarchical cluster analysis(CA) were used to analyze data sets of water quality for 8 parameters monitored at 11 different sites of Min River from 2008 to 2009 to determine temporal and spatial distribution in water quality.Through the statistical analysis of eight water quality were indexed as two principal components,the monitoring sites were partitioned into 2 groups included heavy polluted area and light polluted area;the monitoring periods were classified into 2 clusters included dry season and wet season.The results show that upriver of Minjiang drainage area pollution was serious,the degree of pollution was depressed from midstream to downstream,but it was increased suddenly after Fuzhou city because of a lot of effluent discharge,water quality of Min River were declined sharply.Meanwhile,the water quality of Min River were influenced by precipitation,as well as it was presented seasonal variation following in water temperature,the worst of water quality were winter water.
Efficient and prompt diffusion of agri-technique innovation directly influences the rapid growth of district agriculture.Unfortunately,so far in our country,research on spatial diffusion process of agri-technique innovation is inadequate.Taking Yangling National Agriculture High-tech Industries Demonstration Zone as a source of innovation,with its surrounding areas Guanzhong as diffusion region,the diffusion model of the wheat-seed technology was constructed,and its spatial diffusion characteristics,patterns and mechanisms are analyzed.The results showed that model intensity,the scale of planting,cultivation conditions and the advantages of the technology itself,were positively correlated with the process of diffusion.Expansion diffusion combining with grade diffusion is the main way of the diffusion of wheat-seed technology.The role of government is the main mechanism of diffusion.
The yield-increasing effect of a high-yielding soybean production system is the result of the integration of various practices.Yield increasing effect of a given practice differs greatly due to production region and planting pattern.The current research examined the effect of different varieties,biological agents,herbicide antidotes,foliar agents and seed coating agents on soybean yield in northern Heilongjiang Province.It showed that variety and seed-coating agents had greater potential in increasing soybean yield.Newly released variety 1342 and variety 4404 had 10% and 6% yield gain due to greater pod number and higher 100-seed weight compared to local dominant variety.Seed-coat agent increased yield by 9.1%.The BRF-1 and root-protecting bioagent only showed a 6% and 5% yield gain respectively although they could enhance dry matter accumulation.The application of foliar agent at early flowering increased yield in soybean by 6.7%.The herbicide antidotes had no effect on soybean yield.The yield-increasing effect together with environmental safety should be given full consideration in developing high yield production system in soybean.
In recent years,the lack of diversity in varieties has seriously limit sugar beet production in Heilongjiang production area.It becomes crucial to cultivate or introduce new sugar beet varieties for adjusting local planting structure,developing sugar production,and increasing farmers' income.Years of field experiments indicated that compared with local varieties,the overseas varieties can significantly increase yield.In this study,contrast experiments of plots were carried out in 9 sugar beet varieties introduced.The results showed that the yield of root and sugar of 9 introduced beet varieties reached 45.11 t·hm2～57.6 t·hm2,and 7038.03 kg·hm2～8851.28 kg·hm2,respectively.In particular,among the 9 introduced beet varieties,KWS0413,BETA812,and BASTION performed well in sugar yield.
Designing different treatments of water and fertilizer under drip irrigation,and Studying Photosynthetic characteristics,yield and fruit quality of Zizyphus Jujube.The results show that it is advantage for Pn of Zizyphus Jujube leaves to apply more fertilizer N in soil.it can low Tr of Zizyphus Jujube leaves and decrease the consumption of soil water.it can increase the single fruit weight and yield to apply more fertilizer N and P to soil in range of designed level,and improve the fruit shape index.It can increase the contents of revertose and vitamin C in fruit of Zizyphus Jujube to apply more fertilizer K to soil,and it can increase the content of protein in fruit of Zizyphus Jujube to apply more fertilizer N to soil.
绿洲是干旱区人类主要活动场所,并在干旱区山地-荒漠-绿洲三大系统中处于中心地位.但是随着人口的增加、社会经济的发展,绿洲生态系统所承载的压力日益增加,生态危机及可持续发展问题十分突出.绿洲的空间结构也发生变化,绿洲空间的结构,直接影响绿洲稳定性和区域经济的发展速度.以新疆且末绿洲为例,运用定性定量分析相结合方法,利用实地调查、统计资料和且末绿洲1970,1990年和2000年3个不同时期的遥感数据进行解译、分类与统计处理,揭示了且末天然绿洲空间演变和现状,并研究和分析了且末天然绿洲人工化过程及其驱动力.结果表明,整个绿洲多年来是扩张的趋势,这种绿洲扩张从绿洲空间规模和人口增长方面明显的表现出来.人口的迅速增加,也是成为绿洲人工化的主导因子.图3,表1,参20.
It is of a greater practical value to study intensive use of urban land based on urbanization level.Combined with the urbanization level,the paper assessed the intensive use level or urban land in He'nan province by the development degree model of system relative state.The conclusions show that it is feasible and necessary of assessing the intensive use level of urban land combined with urbanization level.It can be measured whether the intensive use level of urban land adapt with the relative urbanization level.The development degree model of system relative state has the characteristics of concise ideas and simple operation.At the same time,the model has some shortcomings.The measure results of intensive use level of urban land based on urbanization level is different from the independent measure results of intensive use level of urban land.In the end,the paper proposed the corresponding development strategy to each city combined with the index of urbanization level,intensive use of urban land and relative development degree.
Two-oriented agriculture is a complex organism involving production,economics,society and ecology.Its development process is affected by various factors such as producers,nature,society,etc,and so is the agricultural production efficiency.In order to overcome the measurement error of traditional data envelopment analysis caused by ignoring the random factors,this paper employed the three-stage data envelopment analysis model to remove environmental factors and random effects.On the foundation of this model,it estimated the two-oriented agriculture comprehensive production efficiency of 14 cities in Hu'nan Province,and brought forth the corresponding policy proposals to promote agricultural development.
Based on the systematic point of view,forestry training is one of the subsystem of forestry training capacity,which is the most dynamic entry point and the result to build the training capacity of the forestry training capacity,forming the branch of the research system basic elements which constitutes framework of forestry training capacity.The big feedback is the main means to improve the capacity of forestry training capacity,which helps the forestry training institutions to effectively learn and integrate the resource of good forestry training to increase the dynamic ability of forestry training system which is a new try to strengthen the training in the forestry training capacity institution.This is running and to make the construction of forestry training become one of the effective approaches for improving the forestry technology conversion rate.
Qiemo oasis located in the Tarim Basin,south-eastern edge of ecologically fragile areas,have extremely dry climate with very little precipitation,evaporation and.Thanks to the Che'erchen River,Farm get irrigated with a long history.In recent years,rapid population growth and a large number of land reclamation,irrational utilization of water resources,soil salinization and its own natural disaster seriously troubled Qiemo oasis and its sustainable economic development.Based on Qiemo oasis field trips,historical and ecological characteristics of statistical data analysis,and the use of cultivated land resource in the region and changes in the basic characteristics of the basic process of change in the number,spatial differences and changes of the main driving factors of cultivated land were analyzed.And we also discussed the direction of sustainable development and feasible way of Qiemo oasis.
Ideal solution,which is one of important definitions in multi-attribute decision field,is not usually existent.Moreover,satisfying solution is usually the optimal compromise on the set of alternatives,which is accepted by the decision maker.Based on the existing research,this paper develops a new definition of ideal compromise alternative.To differ to the ideal solution,the ideal balanced alternative is determined by the optimal value on each attribute,and is determined not only by the optimal value on attributes,but also the assignment among different attributes of the alternative.Furthermore,the paper develops a decision model based on the ideal balanced alternative.Finally,a case improves the new model is scientific and effective.
In this paper,on the basis of local survey of the lower reaches of Tarim River eco-environment,through a large number of monitoring data,application of river hydraulics,groundwater mechanics、vegetation ecology as well as system analysis and optimization methods,we made a comprehensive systematic evaluation to the 5 emergency response effect of water vegetation ecology.Determined scientifically sound ecological restoration and downstream river water quality and interval optimization program.we laid a theoretical and practical basis for the creation and improvement of damaged systems in arid zone of evaluation system which should be watered、repaid and reconstructed and also provided important technical support for the Comprehensive governance of the Tarim watered.
Soil salinization matter is always stratagem problem of sustainable development and improving environment quality in arid area.Soil salinization qua one of soil degenerate form,which has became a global research hot point.Extraction of saline soil information is not only the hot point,but also the difficulty of the special information extraction from remotely sensed images.The research adopt Decision-making Tree classify method,accomplish the automatic extraction of saline soil information based on knowledge;accordingly analysis space time and quantity change character of saline soil.The results indicate that total area of saline soil increase a little in research region from 2002 to 2006,thereinto movement extent of low-grade and mid-grade saline soil are tempestuousness,but all kind of saline soil have change trend of moving to northwest of oasis inside.
Taking Tianshui city in Gansu province for example,the aera of cultivated land and the plantation preservation quantity were determined based on Land-use changing data,population and food statistics between 1996 and 2005.The plantation preservation quantity of Tianshui the next 15 years was calculated in mathematical method of GM(1,1)model.The results show that: the minimum area of cultivated land per capita and the plantation preservation quantity decreased between 1996 and 2005.Moreover,the plantation preservation quantity was alawys 1.The reason was that although per capita cultivated land continued to decline in Tianshui,the food production and per capita continued to increase because of increasing food productivity.The plantation preservation quantity will futher reduce and the supply of land productivity was higher than the level of food consumption and regional food security risks was smalle in the next 15 years
