Coordinating urban development with the protection of water resources is a serious global challenge faced by countries worldwide.This study constructed the coupled Water Ecological Security Pattern-Future Land Use Simulation(WESP-FLUS)model by integrating methods for identifying water-ecological sensitive areas and simulating land use type changes.Taking the Lanzhou-Baiyin metropolitan area in arid region of northwestern China as a case study,this research simulated land use patterns in 2030 under four development scenarios(natural development,urban economic optimization,ecological conservation priority,and urban-water coordinated development scenarios).The results identified 109.81 km2 of water-ecological source areas and 43 water-ecological corridors with a total length of 1255.4 km.Predicted land use patterns for 2030 displayed diverse trends,constrained by water-ecological sensitive areas across different scenarios,with urban built-up land mainly expanding radially around the central urban axis.The urban-water coordinated development scenario was the optimal solution that meets both urban development needs and water-ecological protection objectives.The urban built-up land could reach 546.68 km2 in 2030,representing a 91.39 km2 increase compared to 2020.This study aims to improve spatial planning methods under the"determining cities by water"concept,scientifically supporting territorial spatial planning and providing theoretical support for the coupling of urban development and natural environment in water-scarce arid regions.

Ecological degradation is an increasingly prominent global challenge. Particularly in topographically constrained urbanized areas, intensive human activities pose a severe threat to ecosystem health. Using Lanzhou, a typical valley city in the arid region of Northwest China, as a case study, this study evaluated the spatiotemporal evolution of ecosystem health and its spatially non-stationary response to human activities from 2000 to 2020. A localized, high-resolution Vigor-Organization-Resilience-Ecosystem Services (VORS) framework was constructed to quantify the ecosystem health index (EHI), and human activity intensity (HAI) was characterized using human footprint datasets. Subsequently, bivariate spatial autocorrelation analysis and a geographically weighted regression (GWR) model were employed to reveal the interactive mechanisms between human activities and ecosystem health. The results indicated the following: (1) The EHI in Lanzhou initially declined but subsequently recovered, presenting a spatial polarization gradient characterized by high values in the peripheral mountains and low values in the central valley; meanwhile, HAI increased continuously, expanding linearly along the valley axis. (2) A significant and strong global negative spatial correlation existed between EHI and HAI, with this correlation initially strengthening and then weakening over time. (3) Under the strict constraints of the “two mountains flanking a river” topography, the bivariate spatial clustering was dominated by antagonistic spatial patterns of Low EHI-High HAI and High EHI-Low HAI. (4) The impacts of human activities on ecosystem health demonstrated a significant non-linear valley-mountain spatial differentiation. In the topographically restricted valley, high-intensity human activities exerted a severe negative stress effect, whereas the peripheral mountains exhibited a “positive synergistic effect”. Notably, after 2010, the spatial agglomeration of negative stress areas decreased, indicating a disintegration of the stress pattern, while positive synergistic zones expanded into the valley-mountain transition zone. This study enriches the fine-scale app lication of the VORS framework, providing a scientific basis for formulating differentiated, sustainable spatial management strategies in topographically constrained regions worldwide.

The Qinghai-Xizang Plateau(QXP)serves as a crucial ecological barrier in China and Asia,exerting profound influences on global climate and biodiversity conservation.Gannan Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture(hereinafter referred as Gannan Prefecture),located on the northeastern edge of the QXP,represents a fragile alpine ecosystem in which land use change significantly impacts ecosystem services(ESs).This study established a comprehensive framework,utilizing the Patch-generating Land-Use Simulation(PLUS)model coupled with the Integrated Valuation of Ecosystem Services and Tradeoffs(InVEST)model to predict land use patterns under the natural development scenario,cultivated land protection scenario,and ecological protection scenario for Gannan Prefecture by 2030 and evaluated four critical ESs:habitat quality(HQ),water yield(WY),soil retention(SR),and carbon storage(CS).The primary aim is to elucidate the impacts of dynamic land use change on ESs.The results revealed that,from 2000 to 2020,HQ exhibited minimal variation,whereas CS experienced a slight decline.Conversely,WY and SR showed significant improvements.Under the natural development scenario,construction land was projected to increase by 4247.74 hm2,primarily at the expense of forest land.The cultivated land protection scenario anticipated an increase in farmland by 2634.36 hm2,which was crucial for maintaining food security.The ecological protection scenario predicted a notable expansion of forest land,accompanied by a restrained development rate of construction land.The ecological protection scenario also showed an increase in the ecosystem service index(ESI),encompassing 26.07％of the region.Forest land and grassland emerged as the primary contributors to ESs,while construction land substantially impacted WY.Water bodies exhibited minimal contribution to ESs.This study enhanced the understanding of land use change impacts on ESs in fragile and high-altitude ecosystems,offering essential theoretical frameworks and practical direction for forthcoming ecological policy and regional planning endeavors.

Large-scale ecological restoration is not realistic, we can guide regional ecological restoration through the construction and optimization of ecological networks (EN), which in turn promotes the enhancement of regional ecosystem health. However, the methods and perspectives of existing studies on EN optimization are relatively homogeneous, which to some extent restricts our ability to improve the health of regional ecosystems. In the research, we attempted to establish an EN optimization pathway (referred to as CSC optimization model) with the objectives of promoting connectivity (C), stability (S) and continuity (C) between regions into ecosystems through the construction of ENs, identification of priority restoration zones, optimization of the EN topology, and the analysis of the balance of supply and demand of ecosystem services (ESs), and empirically demonstrated it in Jiuquan City, China. The results show that: (1) Barrier points and pinch points are the main contributors to the reduced connectivity of the EN, and focusing on them as priority repair areas (especially for areas where the two overlap) can improve the local connectivity of the EN. (2)Both the Add edges in Node degrees (AND) and Add edges in Node Betweenness (ANB) strategies enhance the stability of ENs. However, the ANB strategy exhibits the highest overall stability and serves as the best solution for improving the stability of ENs. (3)Areas where ESs low supply and high demand overlap with ENs are high pressure areas and potentially high degradation areas of anthropogenic impacts, which are prone to damage to ecological sources or breaks in the corridors, thus affecting the sustainable development of ENs, and should be taken as a priority area for future protection. (4)The CSC optimized and edge attack experiment's EN can improve elemental connectivity, stability and persistence between ecosystems, which is conducive to enhancing the ecosystem health of the region. This research can provide a new perspective for the promotion and management of regional ecosystem health.

Scientifically estimating and dynamically monitoring the development trend of regional energy consumption carbon emissions and their intensity is the scientific basis and basic guarantee for formulating， implementing， and evaluating regional carbon reduction strategies. Based on long time-series DMSP/OLS and NPP/VIIRS nighttime light datasets， this paper simulates the carbon emissions and their intensity of energy consumption in counties in Gansu Province from 2000 to 2020. Non-parametric kernel density estimation， spatial Markov chain， spatial variation function， and other models are used to analyze the spatiotemporal dynamic evolution characteristics of carbon emission intensity， and correction coefficients are used to test the effectiveness of reducing carbon emission intensity in each county. The results follow： ① During the research period， the overall carbon emission intensity of energy consumption in Gansu Province showed a downward trend， with a 64.82% decrease in energy consumption carbon emission intensity in 2020 compared to 2000. ② The carbon emission intensity of counties showed obvious spatial agglomeration characteristics， and the high carbon intensity areas mainly in Lanzhou City in Longzhong， Jiuquan City in Hexi， and Qingyang City in Longdong are gradually transforming into low-carbon intensity areas. ③ The carbon emission intensity at the county level showed a club convergence effect and spatial correlation， and the spatial differences in carbon emission intensity at the county level gradually decreased. ④ By 2020， more than half of the counties in Gansu Province had achieved significant emission reduction results， but there were still some counties whose carbon emission intensity had decreased below the provincial average， indicating that county units should also follow the principle of common but differentiated responsibilities when promoting carbon reduction. The research results provide important references for promoting regional green and low-carbon transformation and energy conservation and carbon reduction in Gansu Province.

The evolution of urban space from “Urban Sprawl” to “Smart Growth Policy” and further to “Green Infrastructure” underscores the pressing need to establish a precise and quantitative research framework for analyzing the relationship between urban space and ecological environment evolution. This serves as a crucial foundation for enriching theories and practices in urban intelligent management. Taking Lanzhou City as a case study, this paper employed a relatively novel research idea to analyze the dynamics between urban space and ecological environment evolution. The results indicated a growing trend in the scale and intensity of urban expansion in Lanzhou City from 1995 to 2020, accompanied by a decrease in urban landscape fragmentation. The urban expansion is primarily concentrated in the western and northern regions, with its spatial pattern shifting from a cluster-based horizontal expansion to a leapfrog development model. Over the same period, the Urban Space Ecological Risk Index (ERI) and Land Surface Temperature (LST) in Lanzhou City exhibited an upward trend, with a weakening trend observed in the peripheral urban areas. Overall, the distribution pattern is characterized by “higher in the north and lower in the south”. While there was a marginal increase in the Ecosystem Service Value (ESV) in localized urban areas, a more pronounced improvement was evident in the urban periphery. Urban spatial ecological pressures were on the rise, indicating a deteriorating ecological environment. Nevertheless, human responsiveness to these environmental challenges is progressively improving. Positive correlations were observed between Impervious Surfaces Percentage (ISP) and ERI and LST, while a negative correlation existed with ESV. Lanzhou City's urban space necessitates a shift towards smarter growth in the northern direction and the augmentation of green infrastructure. This study offers novel perspectives, ideas and methodologies, for scholars, while also providing scientific references for urban planning, management, renewal, and ecological restoration.

Accurately revealing the spatial heterogeneity in the trade-offs and synergies of land use functions (LUFs) and their driving factors is imperative for advancing sustainable land utilization and optimizing land use planning. This is especially critical for ecologically vulnerable inland river basins in arid regions. However, existing methods struggle to effectively capture complex nonlinear interactions among environmental factors and their multifaceted relationships with trade-offs and synergies of LUFs, especially for the inland river basins in arid regions. Consequently, this study focused on the middle reaches of the Heihe River Basin (MHRB), an arid inland river basin in northwestern China. Using land use, socioeconomic, meteorological, and hydrological data from 2000 to 2020, we analyzed the spatiotemporal patterns of LUFs and their trade-off and synergy relationships from the perspective of production, living, ecological functions. Additionally, we employed an integrated Extreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost)- SHapley Additive exPlanations (SHAP) framework to investigate the environmental factors influencing the spatial heterogeneity in the trade-offs and synergies of LUFs. Our findings reveal that from 2000 to 2020, the production, living, and ecological functions of land use within the MHRB exhibited an increasing trend, demonstrating a distinct spatial pattern of “high in the southwest and low in the northeast”. Significant spatial heterogeneity defined the trade-off and synergistic relationships, with trade-offs dominating human activity-intensive oasis areas, while synergies prevailed in other areas. During the study period, synergistic relationships between production and living functions and between production and ecological functions were relatively robust, whereas synergies in living-ecological functions remained weaker. Natural factors (digital elevation model (DEM), annual mean temperature, Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI), and annual precipitation) emerged as the primary factors driving the trade-offs and synergies of LUFs, followed by socioeconomic factors (population density, Gross Domestic Product (GDP), and land use intensity), while distance factors (distance to water bodies, distance to residential areas, and distance to roads) exerted minimal influence. Notably, the interactions among NDVI, annual mean temperature, DEM, and land use intensity exerted the most substantial impacts on the relationships among LUFs. This study provides novel perspectives and methodologies for unraveling the mechanisms underlying the spatial heterogeneity in the trade-offs and synergies of LUFs, offering scientific insights to inform regional land use planning and sustainable natural resource management in inland river basins in arid regions.

Under the background of comprehensively practicing the overall system concept of the "living community" in the new era, incorporating the carbon neutral development goal into the territorial spatial planning and construction and establishing the territorial spatial pattern and optimization strategy in line with the actual development of Gansu Province are of great significance for promoting the comprehensive green low-carbon transformation and high-quality development of regional economy and society. Taking counties in Gansu Province as an example, based on the perspective of carbon neutrality research, the land use carbon budget of 87 counties in Gansu Province in 2010, 2015, and 2021 was calculated and analyzed. GIS spatial analysis and social network analysis were used to further explore their spatial differentiation characteristics and the overall characteristics of the carbon emission spatial correlation network. At last, combined with the main function zoning, the low-carbon oriented land space optimization zoning was carried out, and differentiated low-carbon development strategies were proposed. The results were as follows： ① Carbon emissions in Gansu Province showed an upward trend, but the increase rate decreased, showing a spatial distribution of "high in the central and eastern part of the country, low in the southwest." Construction land was the main carbon source. The carbon uptake showed a spatial distribution of "high in the south and low in the north, high in the west and low in the east." Woodlands were the main carbon sinks. The net carbon emissions showed an increasing trend, and approximately 58.62% of the counties in the province were in a carbon imbalance situation. ② In 2021, the spatial network of county carbon emissions was closely related, showing a "core-edge" pattern. The Chenguan District and Qilihe District were in the core position of the network and received more correlation relationships in the network. The network contacts in Longzhong area were frequent, followed by the contacts in Longdongnan area. ③ Based on carbon emissions, carbon sequestration, and ecological carrying capacity coefficients and using the results of spatial correlation of social networks as role positions, the province was divided into four carbon-neutral sub-districts. At the same time, superimposed analysis of the main function zoning, the county area of the province was reconstructed into seven territorial space zones, and the differentiated regional low-carbon optimization development strategy was proposed for each zone.

Taking Gansu Province as the research area, the coordination level and relationship between industrial structure and water use structure in Gansu Province were analyzed by the coordination degree and structure coefficient. On this basis, it is further divided into five regions, and the spatial differences of intra-regional and inter-regional coordination levels are explored by Gini coefficient. The results indicate that :(1) After the adjustment of industrial structure and water consumption structure, the proportion of secondary industry is reduced, and the water consumption is reduced. (2) The development of coordination degree is good, and the overall trend is low consumption, low efficiency and medium coordination water consumption mode. (3) The regional differences in industrial structure and water use structure in Gansu Province are prominent, especially in Hexi region and Gannan region, with a decreasing trend.

A multi-scale quantitative analysis of the factors that influence the spatial and temporal changes in ecosystem services is an important breakthrough in revealing the mechanisms of ecosystem service evolution and promoting sustainable regional development.Existing studies focus on determining the scale of research from the administrative division or watershed level,and lack scientific and sound scale division methods.Taking the Shiyang River Basin as the study area,this study evaluated the spatiotemporal variation characteristics of four ecosystem services—food supply,carbon sequestration,water production,and wind and sand control.Wavelet analysis and the optimal parameters-based geographical detector model were used to determine the optimal scale and the main influencing factors at different scales for studying the spatiotemporal changes of ecosystem services.The results show that:1)The four ecosystem services(food supply,carbon sequestration,water production,and wind and sand control)in the basin all showed an increasing trend from 2000 to 2020.Food supply services increased the most,by 138.3％,while carbon sequestration,water production,and wind and sand control services increased by 0.97％,7.6％,and 9.5％respectively.2)According to the wavelet square difference main cycle of the four ecosystem services,six characteristic scales of influencing factors were constructed from 2000 to 2020 and from 2010 to 2020,and seven from 2000 to 2010,respectively.3)With the increase of scale,the effect of the influencing factors on the temporal and spatial changes of ecosystem services gradually increased,and the main influencing factors at different scales were significantly different.Food supply and carbon sequestration services were mainly affected by human factors on a small scale and natural factors on a large scale.Water production service was always affected by natural factors at different scales.With the increase of scale,the influence of human factors on the wind and sand control service was significantly enhanced.4)The increasing trend of q-values of various interaction factors in the process of increasing scale is different and among these,the interaction between the human factors of carbon sequestration and wind and sand control services is significantly enhanced.This study addressed the inadequacies of the traditional multi-scale sequence construction method through wavelet analysis,which can provide a reference for optimizing regional ecosystem structure and making multi-level ecosystem management decisions.

Scientifically recognizing and mastering the spatial-temporal response of habitat quality to land use change and its internal mechanism is the basis of seeking sustainable development in arid areas. Based on the data of land use in 1990, 2000, 2010, and 2020, the land use transfer matrix model, dynamic attitude and state degree model, InVEST model, and geographically weighted regression model were adopted. The research results were as follows： ① From 1990 to 2020, the area of unused land in Hexi Corridor changed the most, with a decrease of 3 021 km2 and the cultivated land, construction land, and water area increased by 2 343.60 km2, 739.28 km2, and 416.56 km2, respectively. During the study period, the dynamic attitude and state index of construction land changed the most, which was closely related to the rapid urbanization over the past 30 years. ② From 1990 to 2020, the overall habitat quality in Hexi Corridor was at a low level； however, it showed an upward trend, showing a spatial differentiation pattern of "high in the south and low in the north." From 1990 to 2020, the habitat quality in the study area had a spatial agglomeration effect and the H-H and H-L aggregation areas increased significantly. ③ Under the joint action of natural and man-made mechanisms, the social, economic, natural, and scientific factors had a profound impact on the relationship and change mechanism between land use change and habitat quality. The research results can provide scientific support for optimizing the spatial layout of land and ecological integration protection and system management of inland river basins.

Building a scientific and reasonable ecological network is the key for optimizing the pattern of territorial development and protection, and is of great significance for ensuring regional ecological security and promoting the virtuous cycle of ecosystems. In previous studies, nodal attack method (destruction of ecological source area) was often used in the "robustness" evaluation of ecological networks. Actually, the ecological corridor is more fragile than the source area, and thus the nodal attack method is not reasonable. In this study, taking Jiuquan City as the research area, based on the circuit model to construct the ecological network, we carried out the topology optimization of ecological network by using three strategies (random edge increase, node degree and priority edge increase with low node intermedium number) in complex network theory. We compared and analyzed the "robustness" of ecological network before and after optimization by constructing edge attack strategy, and selected the best network optimization strategy. The results showed that 65 ecological source areas were identified in Jiuquan City, with a total area of 20275.15 km2, and that grassland accounted for 89.5% of the source area. We identified 179 ecological corridors with a total length of 6387.16 km, 158 ecological barrier points with a total area of 1385.5 km2. The unused land accounted for 92.2% of the total barrier points area. We identified 63 ecological pinch points, mainly concentrated in the source edge and corridor intersection. Among them, the spatial distribution of 11 barrier points and pinch points was consistent, which was the key area to be repaired in ecological network optimization. The three optimization strategies had significantly improved the stability of ecological network in Jiuquan City. The relative size of the maximum connected subgraph and the edge connected rate of the ecological network of the optimization strategy of adding edges according to degree were all the most stable under random attack mode and deliberate attack mode, which was the best optimization scheme for ecological network in Jiuquan City.

Reducing emissions and enhancing carbon sinks areessential for promoting regional agriculture in a green, low-carbon manner. However, most studies have overlooked spatial dependence and heterogeneity while incomprehensively exploring the influencing factors. Taking the counties in the Hexi region asour primary focus, thenet carbon sequestrationand its spatial–temporal dynamic evolutionprocess from 2000 to 2020were calculatedandexplored, and the factorsinfluencingand theirspatial effect decomposition were investigated.We observed thatalthough each county has been in a state of carbon surplusduring the research term, there is a spatial imbalance among them. The overall tendency of the net farming carbon sinks inthe Hexi area showed fluctuationsand an upwardtrend, with higher values observed in the eastern region than in the northwest. Ganzhou District and Shandan County play pivotal rolesregarding the movement of the center of gravity concerning agricultural net carbonsequestrations. Cultivated land area per capita contributes to county-level agricultural net carbon sequestration within the Hexi region. Per capita agricultural GDP, agricultural industrial structure, andfinancial support for agriculturedemonstrate remarkable active spillover effects. Conversely, urbanization exhibits a notable opposite spillover effect. Our results can provide a scientific basement for formulating differentiated policies for low-carbonagricultural developmentin the Hexi region.

Based on the background of carbon peaking and carbon neutrality goal strategies, it is important to explore the impact of land use change on carbon storage and the drivers of spatial variation in carbon storage in the Northwest Arid Zone, which is vital to improve the carbon sink increment of the regional ecosystem and promote the regional carbon breakeven. The arid region of northwest China is an extremely fragile natural ecology, and with the rapid advancement of new urbanization, the rate of land use change has accelerated significantly, which has a certain impact on the carbon storage and fixation capacity of ecosystems. The PLUS-InVEST model was used to simulate the spatial and temporal evolution characteristics of carbon storage under natural development, intensive development, water resource constraint, and ecological protection scenarios in Jiuquan City in 2035, and the parameter optimal geographic detector model was used to analyze the spatial divergence drivers of carbon storage. The results showed that:① the area of cultivated land, watershed, and construction land in Jiuquan City showed a significant increasing trend from 1990 to 2020, whereas the area of the remaining land use types showed a decreasing trend. ② The carbon storage in Jiuquan City increased from 7 722 808.1 t to 7 784 371 t from 1990 to 2020, and the conversion of grassland into unused land was the main cause of the loss of regional carbon storage, accounting for 85% of the total loss. ③ All four development scenarios in 2035 showed an increasing trend of carbon storage, among which the ecological protection scenario had the most significant increase, with an increment of 76 989.29 t. ④ The degree of land use, population density, GDP density, and NDVI were the main driving factors of the spatial variation in carbon storage in Jiuquan City, among which the degree of land use had the strongest explanatory power (q value of 0.849), and the interaction of natural and anthropogenic factors enhanced the explanatory power of each factor on the spatial variation in carbon storage. The results of the study can provide a scientific basis and decision basis for the integrated ecosystem management and territorial space optimization in Jiuquan City.

Drought propagation is a complex process, and understanding the propagation mechanisms of meteorological drought to soil drought is crucial for early warning, disaster prevention, and mitigation. This study focuses on eight tributaries in the upper reaches of the Shiyang River. Based on the Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI) and the Standardized Soil Moisture Index (SSMI), the Drought Propagation Intensity Index (DIP) and Copula function were applied to quantify the intensity and time of drought propagation from meteorological to soil drought and explored the drought propagation patterns at different temporal and spatial scales in these tributaries. Results showed that, in the 0–10 cm soil layer, the propagation intensity of meteorological drought to soil drought was peer-to-peer, with a propagation time of one month. In the middle (10–40 cm) and deep (40–100 cm) soil layers, propagation characteristics differed between the eastern and western tributaries. The western tributaries experienced stronger drought propagation intensity and shorter propagation times (2–4 months), while the eastern tributaries exhibited peer-to-peer propagation intensity with longer times (4–10 months). The large areas of forests and grasslands in the upper reaches of the Shiyang River contributed to strong land–atmosphere interactions, leading to peer-to-peer drought propagation intensity in the 0–10 cm soil layer. The eastern tributaries had extensive cultivated land, where irrigation during meteorological drought enhanced soil moisture, resulting in peer-to-peer propagation intensity in the middle (10–40 cm) and deep (40–100 cm) soil layers. In contrast, the western tributaries, with larger forest areas and widespread permafrost, experienced high water consumption and limited recharge in the 10–40 cm and 40–100 cm soil layers, leading to strong drought propagation.

Healthy and sustainable urban agglomerations development relies heavily on land use optimization. However, there is insufficient scientific basis and reliable quantitative analysis for land use pattern identification and optimal prediction in embryonic urban agglomeration. Therefore, taking the Lanzhou–Xining (LX) region, a typical primary developing urban agglomeration, as the study area, we first assessed the land ecological suitability (LES). Then, we embedded the LES evaluation results in the land optimization process and constructed the MCR-MOP- Dyna-CLUE model framework, simulating and optimizing land use patterns for the year 2035 under ecological optimization and business as usual scenarios, which aimed to explore a sustainable land use pattern for embryonic urban agglomerations. The results indicated that the ecological optimization scenario based on LES had a more rational land use pattern. It appropriately controlled the expansion rate of construction land and effectively alleviated the problems of construction land encroaching on farming land and ecological land. Meanwhile, the ecosystem services increased in value based on adequately addressing the need for food security and economic development. Compared to the business as usual scenario, the construction land under the ecological optimization scenario was 19,622.69 ha less, and the cultivated land was 32,103.29 ha more. Moreover, the ecological benefit and the economic benefit increased by 187,490.4595 million yuan and 151,808,605.1 million yuan from 2020 to 2035, respectively, under the ecological optimization scenario. Our research is of great value for making decisions on sustainable land use and land resource management in initial developing agglomerations.

Taking the main urban area of Lanzhou as an example, this paper analyzes the relationship between urban spatial evolution and ecological environment effects through a new research idea. The results showed that from 1995 to 2020, the scale and intensity of urban expansion in Lanzhou showed an increasing trend. There was a weakening trend in the overall ecological risk and the heat island effect in Lanzhou from 1995 to 2020. However, the effect increased in river valleys, with an overall pattern of high in the valley and low in the surrounding areas. There was a slight improvement in ecosystem service effect, mainly reflected in the significant improvement of ecosystem service value in the areas around the river valleys, and some areas of the built-up area transformed from low-value ecosystem service areas to medium-value areas. The impact of urban spatial evolution from 1995 to 2020 on urban ecological risk, heat island effect, and urban ecosystem service effect was significant. In this paper, an analytical framework for quantitative and visual research on the spatial relationship between urban spatial evolution and ecological environment effects is constructed, in order to provide some theoretical and methodological references for the study.

以兰西城市群为例,采用空间主成分分析法(SPCA)对其进行生态脆弱性评价,并在此基础上引入人为干扰指数(HI),探讨人为干扰变化对生态脆弱性动态演变过程的影响.结果表明,1990～2020年,兰西城市群生态脆弱性由3.14减小到2.69,生态环境逐年改善.空间上,中度,重度和极度脆弱区主要集中在中西部河谷盆地及东部低海拔地区,微度和轻度脆弱区主要集中在中西部海拔较高的地区.1990～2020年,Moran's I由0.942略增至0.955,生态脆弱性空间聚集效应明显.1990～2020年间,生态恶化区面积减小了178.63km2,生态改善区面积增加了7189.08km2,生态恶化区主要分布在河谷盆地及东北部地区,生态改善区主要分布在东南部及中西部海拔较高的地区.区域内人为干扰指数由0.245增至0.252.中高度干扰区与生态恶化区的空间分布特征基本一致.人为干扰程度的增强使河谷盆地及东北部地区生态环境逐步恶化.研究结果可为兰西城市群的生态保护,土地资源利用和可持续发展提供有益借鉴.

Under the green goals of the carbon peak and carbon neutrality, understanding how to develop the economy with high quality is an important issue facing regional development. Based on the years 2000, 2010, and 2020, this paper studies the industrial function connection path and economic network characteristics of the Hexi Corridor through an urban flow model, dominant flow analysis, modified gravity model, and social network analysis method, and puts forward an economic synergistic development model. It is of great significance to strengthen the urban connection in the Hexi Corridor and give full play to the overall competitive advantage. The results are as follows. (1) The overall function of the urban agglomeration is weak, the outward function of manufacturing is outstanding, the complementary network is highly complicated and evolving, and the environment and public service and tourism industry have apparent advantages. (2) The backbone correlation axes of the “three industries” show the characteristics of a closed triangular connection, dual-core linkage development, and multi-center multi-axis interaction. (3) The economic network has a greater agglomeration effect than diffusion effect, with prominent grouping characteristics, forming a network structure of “one man, three vices, and many nodes” and a significant spatial proximity effect. (4) Based on geographical proximity, the “one axis, four circles, multiple points, and multiple channels” synergistic development model, which breaks administrative barriers, becomes the endogenous driving force for the evolution of the economic network.

基于城乡统筹发展与区域协同发展研究视角，通过构建乡村振兴与新型城镇化综合评价指标体系，运用耦合协调度模型、LISA时间路径、LISA时空跃迁及地理加权回归模型等方法，分析2013—2019年甘肃省86个县域单元两者间耦合协调发展水平、时空分异特征及影响因素。结果表明：（1）全省县域乡村振兴与新型城镇化发展水平在空间分布上具有相似性，均呈现“西北高、东南低”的发展态势。其中，河西地区乡村振兴与新型城镇化发展水平最高。河西地区乡村振兴与新型城镇化耦合协调度处于全省首位，陇中地区与陇东南地区耦合协调度相对较低。全省各县域在基本失调类型和基本协调类型中乡村振兴发展滞后型均占大多数，不存在新型城镇化发展滞后型。（2）县域耦合协调度空间格局具有一定的平稳性，在局部空间依赖方向和空间增长过程中具有波动性较弱特征，受周边邻近城市溢出效应或虹吸效应相对较弱。县域自身耦合协调度受相邻县域的溢出效应影响程度较小，整体呈现出的高增长或低增长趋势较为明显。耦合协调度的局部空间关联格局保持在一定的稳定态势，多数县域未发生跃迁，空间格局呈现出一定的转移惰性与路径依赖特征。（3）县域乡村振兴与新型城镇化耦合协调度影响因素在空间上差异较大，城乡收入差距、城乡消费差距、产业二元性水平不利于两者耦合协调度的提升，经济发展水平、政府调控水平对两者耦合协调度的提升具有促进作用。