The Nigerian Television Authority, NTA, is the only Nigerian broadcast media facing constant disparaging criticism by contemporary Nigerian youths. However, these criticisms are mostly one-sided as they only point to the drawbacks of the state-owned television. Scholarly studies conducted into the media house have shown that the governmentowned television has done more for the general public in terms of uniting the diverse Nigerian populace and promoting collective cultural heritage than any other agent in the country. Using the descriptive content analysis, and hinged on Development Media Theory, the paper attempts a justification of the NTA programmes as it uses Media Discourse Analysis to highlight the themes, programme formats, and types of programmes aired by NTA in a space of two years (2021-2023). The paper recommends, among other things, series of field researches to learn about their programme preferences and nuances of the contemporary Nigerian youth, particularly the Generation-Z and Generation-Alpha, and create a sustainable plan
This study develops and empirically tests a structural equation model integrating phenomenological theory and linguistic pragmatics. The proposed framework conceptualizes transcendental intentionality as the foundational dimension from which aesthetic descriptive experience, sign-meaning structuration, pragmatic sense directionality, and communicative teleology emerge. A cross-sectional, non-experimental design was implemented with a sample exceeding the minimum statistical requirement for covariance-based structural equation modeling. Latent variables were operationalized through validated Likert-type scales, and content validity was established via expert judgment. Confirmatory factor analysis demonstrated satisfactory convergent and discriminant validity. Structural path analysis revealed that transcendental intentionality significantly predicts aesthetic descriptive experience and sign-meaning structuration, while pragmatic sense directionality mediates the relationship between meaning formation and communicative teleology. Global fit indices indicated adequate model fit. The findings support the empirical coherence of translating phenomenological and pragmatic constructs into measurable latent variables, contributing to interdisciplinary dialogue between transcendental philosophy and quantitative modeling.
Environmental beliefs play a fundamental role in shaping individual responses to environmental challenges and sustainability transitions. In Latin America, environmental problems such as climate change, biodiversity loss, and resource degradation have intensified the need to understand the psychological and cognitive factors that influence environmentally responsible behavior. The present study analyzes the structural relationships among environmental concern, ecocentric values, environmental awareness, and pro-environmental behavior through the estimation of a Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Model (PLS-SEM). A quantitative, non-experimental, and cross-sectional design was implemented using survey data collected through a structured questionnaire composed of reflective indicators measured on a Likert scale. The measurement model evaluated reliability, convergent validity, and discriminant validity through outer loadings, composite reliability, and average variance extracted. The structural model was assessed using path coefficients, bootstrapping procedures, and model fit indicators, including the standardized root mean square residual and the normed fit index. The results indicate that environmental concern and ecocentric values significantly influence environmental awareness, while environmental awareness emerges as the strongest predictor of pro-environmental behavior. Additionally, ecocentric values demonstrate both direct and indirect effects on behavioral engagement. The model explains a substantial proportion of variance in environmental awareness and pro-environmental behavior, confirming that environmental beliefs operate through an integrated system of emotional, normative, and cognitive components. These findings highlight the importance of strengthening environmental awareness and ecological value orientations in order to promote sustainable behavioral practices. The study contributes to the literature on environmental psychology and sustainability by providing empirical evidence of the structural mechanisms linking environmental beliefs with pro-environmental behavior in the Latin American context.
WeChat as the most widely used social media in China provides a platform of communication for overseas Chinese to remain connected to their homeland as well as among one another. It enables them to maintain a court of public opinion wherein to express views, engage in debates, and entertain sentiments. This paper focuses on a zone of error shared by overseas Chinese over the court of public opinion afforded through WeChat. It describes what zone of error is, analyzes how overseas Chinese overreact to issues from China while neglecting matters in their present life, and explains why lacks of involvement coincide with assumptive judgments, groundless assumptions with autocratic personalities, and personal autocracy with reality disengagement. A critical finding is this: The zone of error is an inevitable trap for first-generation immigrants. It takes at least a generation to crawl out of the trap when secondgeneration immigrants perceive their birthplace as home.
Photographs are effective tools for communication and photojournalism has helped communicate to a distant audience through agenda-setting. Over the past century, the agenda-setting role of photojournalism in conflict zones has been varied. Visuals reduce the distance between home audiences and the conflict zones. If news images led to public opposition of the U.S. government’s role in the Vietnam war, photographs strengthened biases and prejudices in the minds of the public as was seen in the one-sided representation of the Kosovo tragedy and 1991 Gulf war. The agenda-setting role of news photographs emerges from the strong emotional appeal a visual can have. Also, photojournalists work within an organizational framework which often results in an incomplete and biased portrayal of the truth. This paper explores the various aspects of how photojournalism helps assist agenda-setting in conflict zones and argues that visuals have a strong role to play in forming public perception about an event. The paper also examines the increasing role of citizen photojournalism and contends that citizen images are redefining mainstream news.
For over 50 years, the British science fiction television series Doctor Who has been taking its audience on journeys through time and space. It has also been spreading around the world, gaining new audiences and new fans wherever it lands. Here I look at how Doctor Who has used spreadable media, as defined in Spreadable Media by Henry Jenkins, Sam Ford, and Joshua Green, throughout its production run. I focus on how it culminates in the year-long celebration of the 50th anniversary of the series premiere, which is celebrated by the largest global simulcast to date, reaching over 90 countries at once.
The vision of equality in the United States of America has always dwelled in the realm of theory, than in the sphere of practice. It has been the reality of few and the dream of many. The efforts to prove true the declaration of “all men are created equal” have been partial throughout the course of history. Using Louisiana as the subject state, 2014 results from the Louisiana Department of Public Safety and Corrections Service (LDPSCS) show that African Americans are twice as likely to be arrested as Caucasian ethnics, and make up more than 60% of those housed in correctional facilities throughout the state despite the fact that blacks make up only 30% of the state’s population. Examining plausible causes to these disparities in the state of Louisiana will lead to possible answers to why African Americans are so highly present in the state’s prisons. It will also be significant in discovering whether cause-related disparity results in the state of Louisiana exist within various other states across the country, ultimately proving whether there is a consistent pattern that can be seen that leads blacks to the doors of correctional facilities throughout the nation. Using secondary analysis, with national statistics of incarceration from the Federal Bureau of Investigation and state statistics from LDPSCS, there is an obvious imbalance between blacks and other ethnics imprisoned, and the graphical sketches included will attempt to allow for a more visual understanding of the issue at hand, upon which this research will offer possible solutions that may decrease the African American incarceration disparity rate in the state, by examining existing policy designed to do so specifically, as well as other viable implementations that could have lasting effects.
The Lillooet language, or St’at’imcets, is an endangered interior Salish language of the Northern family, that is spoken by the St’at’imc people in southern BC. The language is mutually intelligible to other Northern family Salish languages, with differences arising in certain lexical items (van Eijk, 1997). The focus of this paper is on the single consonant interior reduplication process in the St’at’imcets diminutive. The comprehensive grammar by Jan van Eijk (1997) describes the patterns that arise from interior reduplication without giving an analysis on what drives this particular affixation. Examples of this affix mainly demonstrate reduplication of a single consonant, or a “Creduplication pattern”, such as in [ʔáma] “good” + DIM = [ʔáʔma] “cute, pretty” and [qíqəlʼ] “weak” + DIM = [qə́qqəlʼ] “rather weak”. Some forms include a vowel in the reduplicant, such as in [sqláw’] “beaver” + DIM = [sqlə́ ləw’] “little beaver”. St’ati’mcets C-reduplication copies the consonant preceding the most prominent peak, or the primary stressed vowel in the prosodic word. Using an Optimality Theory (OT) approach, a general ranking was discovered using syllabification constraints alongside shape and position constraints. The position of the infixation is generated through maintaining base-edge faithfulness (Kurisu & Sanders, 1999) and motivating the reduplicant to go as far left as possible without reduplicating left of the stressed vowel. The shape of the reduplicant is driven by the satisfaction of the morphological requirements, and the St’at’imcets syllable template. Vowel epenthesis of [ə] appears to co-occur with consonant reduplication to prevent violations of the syllable template when complex codas greater than three segments would else be formed (*CCC), or if the resulting complex coda is in violation of the sonority sequencing principle (SSP). Exceptions to the maximum limit of two segments in an onset/coda are due to the high ranking of Max-IO, causing input faithfulness. Other phonological phenomena appear to be triggered by the St’at’imcets C-reduplication, such as the alternation in base vowel quality and resonant glottalization. Base vowel quality changes so far have been unpredictable; however, the epenthesized vowel is always predictable ([ə]). The glottalization of resonants has a somewhat predictable pattern. Insight to these phenomena is currently outside of the research question but may be considered for future research.
With the breakthrough of technology and the innovation of business models, the digital publishing value chain is undergoing continuous evolution. In recent years, the application of AI (artificial intelligence) technology, particularly generative AI technology in content production processes, has made content organization, dissemination, and even creation more intelligent and efficient. This has resulted in an unprecedented impact on the digital publishing industry which relies on knowledge production and service provision, leading to a comprehensive and profound influence on the digital publishing value chain. The digital publishing industry should capitalize on the opportunities presented by the Artificial Intelligence Generated Content (AIGC) technology and leverage AIGC technology to facilitate industrial transformation and upgrading, and achieve high-quality development of the industrial value chain.
The concept of equivalence, which expresses the relations between the source text and the target text in the translation process, can be defined as finding the closest equivalent of the source text in the target text. In order for the translated text to have the same taste in the target language, the equivalence between the two languages should be good. Many novels have been translated from English to Arabic. This translation was translated from English to Arabic. Jane Eyre is in the Victorian England. The novel is about love between two people of different classes, underlining the pressures, class distinction, male domination in society. Jane Eyre, who was one of the first novels about women’s freedom and rights, is also one of the most important works of romanticism. The author was inspired by his own life. In this study, language plays in Arabic translation of famous novelist Charlotte Bronte’s Jane Eyre were examined in terms of equivalence. In addition to semantic, syntactic, linguistic, and stylistic dimensions, translation of language games such as proverb, idiom, metaphor, personification, and comparison, which are the main material of a decorated language, is emphasized and their equivalence is interpreted in the light of the theories of translation. The analysis of the selected sample sentences from the novel within the context of translation criticism shows that the translator preserves the form and content of the source text in a significant way and provides a translation equivalent to the original in terms of linguistic, syntactic, and semantic. The Arabic reader seems to be able to understand the language games in English in a similar way in their own language.
Although criminal law as a positive branch of law has been established at the early stage of founding the first states, scientific analysis of basic terms and institutes of criminal law began only in the 18th and the 19th century. At the same time more natural and social sciences have been developed looking for the answers to the following questions: (1) what are the causes of crime? (2) what is the baseline of criminal responsibility? and (3) what are the measures that state should implement towards the criminal offences’ perpetrators? In answering these questions series of scientific trends and understandings are developed in order to analyse forms of social reactions to crime in different ways, and this paper elaborates that.
The Larry Nassar scandal at Michigan State University is the worst and most widespread case of childhood sex abuse in this nation’s history to date, affecting over 150 young girls and women. This article asks: What were the structural and ideological mechanisms, policies, and practices that enabled this widespread abuse over a thirty-year period? Louis Althusser’s Marxist theory of Ideological State Apparatuses (and feminist responses to this theory) is useful in explaining how state-making institutions—media outlets, universities, athletic organizations, and family units—are not only produced and reproduced along class lines, but also with respect to gendered power dynamics. By examining the patriarchal nature of ISAs, one can begin to understand how Larry Nassar was for so long shielded from suspicion and criminal prosecution by the institutions that employed him.
Animation has been a popular form of feature length movie. In addition to the mean of entertainment, some animated works move audiences deeply and even arouse their reflection. In order to achieve this, the setup of story structure is critical, and the arrangement of the time and setting of foreshadowing in plots influence significantly on audiences’ understanding and feeling towards films. Your Name, directed by Japanese animation director, Makoto Shinkai, was an animated feature film released in 2016, soon received high praise by audiences and film review critics, and ended with the highest gross in box office of the director’s works ever. The story of this animation is special for its nonlinear structure, which is seldom seen in feature length animated works. The question on how this non-linear structure presents a compelling story and touch audiences so deeply is worth to explore in depth. There is very few analytical study that dedicates on the examination of the foreshadowing based on timeline from an empirical point of view in the area of narrative studies. Hence, this study investigates the spatial-time arrangement, and foreshadowing of plots in Your Name with the basis of timeline in the film. The textual analysis is undertaken with timeline by deconstructing events and elements in the story to look into the arrangement of foreshadowing. The result indicates that the spatialtime structure is complicated by keeps jumping between the year 2013 and 2016 from the two main characters’ point of views in different locations, and ends in the year 2021. There are six elements of foreshadowing in this story, and each of them corresponds to important turning points of the story. They appear in the first and the second act of the story to progress the storyline and make the story reasonable through the functions of advanced notice and advanced mention, and gradually echo and accumulate to build up the climax of the narrative to cross over to the third act. In spite of the three settings of the story, the crash of meteorite, the exchanging of body and soul, and the time traveling are rather ordinary, elements of foreshadowing originated form Japanese folk culture interweave plots of the story to create its specialty.
This study adopts a “cross-cultural” perspective, focusing on the construction and communication strategies of Quanzhou’s city image. With the core framework of the “city-subject-media” multidimensional relationship, the research systematically analyzes the communication characteristics of Quanzhou’s city image in a cross-cultural context, the cross-cultural communication modes of communication subjects, and the construction of cross-cultural image cognitive schemas. At the same time, starting from the dimension of cultural identity, the study comprehensively sorts out the existing connotations of Quanzhou’s city image, deeply examines its current status of cross-cultural communication, and accurately identifies the related issues existing in the communication process. On this basis, combined with the “cross-cultural” concept, the study explores the communication mechanism of a sustainable and dynamic city image and investigates its communication strategies, aiming to provide theoretical support and practical reference for the cross-cultural communication of Quanzhou’s city image.
