Head lice infestation (Pediculosis capitis) is a common parasitic condition among school-going children, particularly in group living environments such as hostels and orphanages. Conventional treatments may be associated with resistance, safety concerns, and poor compliance. A survey was conducted to evaluate the effectiveness and safety, of Anvaya™ Ayurveda’s Anti-lice hair oil in children for 30 days. This observational study was conducted among children aged 5–15 years of both genders residing in a group setting. Participants with confirmed head lice infestation were administered anti-lice hair oil as per a standard protocol. Data was collected using user feedbacks and visible results observed. Outcomes included observations documented in reduction of lice/nits and itching, ease of use, compliance, decrease in reinfestation rates, and safety. Following intervention, a substantial reduction in lice and nits was reported in the majority of participants. Overall, 90% of participants achieved clinically meaningful improvement, defined as reduction to mild or no infestation. No worsening of infestation severity was observed in any participant. The product demonstrated good acceptability, with most caregivers reporting ease of application and satisfactory compliance. No adverse effects were reported, and reinfestation rates were low during the observation period. Anvaya™ Ayurveda’s Anti-lice hair oil demonstrated effectiveness, safety, and high user acceptability in children residing in group settings. These findings support its potential as a practical option for managing head lice infestations in community-based environments.
Preventive ophthalmology in Ayurveda emphasizes maintenance of Kapha Dosha as an essential factor in preserving the structural integrity of the eye and visual function. According to Ayurvedic principles, every cell and tissue in the body is composed of Tridoshas- Vata, Pitta, and Kapha- with variations in their predominance based on structural and functional requirements. In the eye, Kapha, particularly Tarpaka Kapha, plays a major role in lubrication, nourishment, stability, ocular surface immunity, and maintenance of physiological barriers such as the blood–retinal barrier. Vitiation of Kapha may lead to pathological fluid accumulation leading to Srotorodha resulting in changes like microvascular obstruction, and loss of lens transparency, contributing to conditions such as diabetic retinopathy and cataract, which are major causes of preventable blindness under the National Programme for Control of Blindness and Visual Impairment (NPCBVI). The concept of Abhishyanda Samprapti, involving predominantly Kapha and Pitta Doshas, explains the pathological changes associated with retinal edema, vascular instability, and lenticular degeneration. Preventive strategies in Ayurveda primarily aim to prevent Srotorodha caused by Dosha Dushti. Measures such as Pathya Ahara, Kriyakalpas including Anjana and Pratimarsha Nasya, and herbal formulations such as Triphala help to regulate Kapha, maintain ocular homeostasis, and delay disease progression. Triphala, owing to its Kapha–Pitta Shamana, antioxidant, and Rasayana properties, plays an important role in preserving retinal and lenticular health. This article explores the role of Kapha in ocular physiology, its involvement in diabetic retinopathy and cataract, and the relevance of Ayurvedic preventive principles in reducing preventable blindness.
Classical textbooks of Ayurveda states that Tamaka Swasa is a Kapha predominant disorder. Since there is a lack of direct assessment tool for assessing the status of Kapha Vridhi in Tamaka Swasa, a study is needed to develop an assessment tool. Methods: Initially, 165 symptoms of Kapha vitiation were collected from different Ayurvedic classics. After comparing the Tamaka Swasa features, 112 items were selected by the researcher in which 54 of them were found repeating. Finally, 58 attributes were scrutinized and presented before 10 experts. 28 items were fixed after analysing expert opinion. Pilot study was conducted in 10 patients using these items as draft tool. 3 items were found skewed and deleted from draft tool. Then it was administered in sample population of 126 subjects in which 63 were with Tamaka Swasa and 63 healthy controls. Later 25 items were subjected to exploratory factor analysis and items were reduced to 21. Result: Under Reliability check, Intraclass correlation coefficient for both Test-retest (0.719) and Inter-rater reliability (0.802) were excellent. KMO (Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin) measure (0.878) and Bartlett’s test of sphericity p-value (0.000) ensured data suitability for factor analysis. Results of Mann-Whitney U test (0.000), Z-score (-9.687) suggested strong discriminant validity for tool. Agreement statistics was done in place of criterion validity due to unavailability of a gold standard. Kappa value of 1.000 indicated perfect agreement between raters. Data reduction was done by checking Cronbach’s alpha, by which 4 items were deleted and 21 items retained as the final tool. Discussion: The developed 21-item Kapha assessment tool demonstrated acceptable validity and reliability, indicating its suitability for standardized clinical assessment in patients with Tamaka Shwasa. It may support the evaluation of Kapha dushti severity and aid therapeutic decision-making in Ayurveda practice. Conclusion: The final tool is available in Sanskrit, Malayalam and English languages and can be used by Ayurveda students or physicians for evaluating Kapha Dosha in a Tamaka Swasa patient.
Sialorrhea in children with cerebral palsy arises from oro-facial neuromuscular dysfunction. In Ayurveda, this presentation is understood as Lalasrava (salivation) or Praseka (excessive salivation), driven by Kapha (phlegm) Avarana (occlusion) obstructing Prana and Vyana Vayu (types of bodily air) within the oral cavity (Mukha Sthana). This single-arm, prospective, pre-post clinical trial enrolled 24 pediatric participants aged 4–12 years with a confirmed diagnosis of cerebral palsy and frequent anterior drooling (CTRI/2023/11/059985) to evaluate the clinical efficacy of Vachalasunadi Tailam (medicated herbal oil) administered via combined Mukhabhyanga (facial oil massage) and Shiroabhyanga (head oil massage). Vachalasunadi Tailam was administered once daily at home by trained parents for 21 consecutive days (5ml for Mukhabhyanga with orofacial stimulation; 2.5ml for Shiroabhyanga). Primary outcomes were evaluated at baseline (day 0), post-intervention (day 22), and follow-up (day 53) using the Drooling Quotient-Five Minutes and the Drooling Questionnaire for Indian children with cerebral palsy. Pairwise comparisons of both assessment tools showed a highly significant reduction in drooling frequency and severity from baseline to day 22 (p<0.01). This therapeutic effect was sustained at the day 53 follow-up (p<0.01) with zero reported adverse drug reactions. Combined Mukhabhyanga and Shiroabhyanga with Vachalasunadi Tailam is a safe, effective home intervention that achieves Vata Anulomana (regularization of nervous impulses), systematically clears Kapha Avarana, improves oro-motor coordination, and enhances quality of life.
Bharangi (Clerodendrum serratum (L.) Moon) is described in classical Ayurvedic texts as an important drug for the management of Tamaka Shwasa (bronchial asthma). However, systematic integration of its classical properties with modern experimental and clinical evidence related to bronchial asthma remains limited. This review critically examines Ayurvedic descriptions of Bharangi, including its Rasa (Tikta, Katu, Kashaya), Guna (Laghu, Ruksha), and Virya (Ushna), along with its therapeutic indications, and correlates them with contemporary research findings. A total of eight experimental and two clinical studies were analyzed and available studies demonstrate significant anti-inflammatory, bronchodilatory, mast cell-stabilizing, immunomodulatory, and anti-allergic effects, including reduction in airway inflammation, IgE levels, and eosinophilic infiltration. Clinical evidence further indicates improvement in pulmonary function and reduction in the frequency and severity of asthma symptoms. Overall, Bharangi shows considerable therapeutic potential in bronchial asthma, and its traditional use is supported by emerging scientific evidence, highlighting the need for further controlled clinical studies.
Ayurveda, the traditional system of medicine, emphasizes individualized treatment based on Prakriti (constitution), Agni (digestive and metabolic capacity), Satmya (adaptability) and Roga-Rogi Bala (disease and patient strength), which also extend to formulation acceptability. However, patient compliance remains a critical challenge in contemporary practice, particularly significant in pediatric and preventive healthcare settings, where acceptability directly influences adherence due to the unpalatable nature of classical dosage forms such as Kwatha (decoction), Churna (powder), and Asava-Arishta (fermented preparations). Aim and Objective: The present review aims to critically analyze the concept of palatability in Ayurveda and its impact on therapeutic outcomes. Method: A systematic exploration of classical texts and contemporary research was undertaken to understand the role of Rasa (taste), Anupana (vehicle), and drug delivery systems in enhancing patient acceptability. Findings suggest that improving palatability and convenience significantly enhances adherence, thereby optimizing therapeutic efficacy. The concept of patient-centric Ayurveda is thus redefined through a translational lens, bridging traditional knowledge with modern innovation. Conclusion: The development of palatable dosage forms represents a necessary evolution of patient-centric Ayurveda. Integrating classical principles with contemporary science pharmaceutical innovations can significantly improve compliance, particularly in pediatric populations, thereby optimizing therapeutic outcomes and promoting global acceptance of Ayurvedic interventions.
Andaashaya Granthi, correlated with ovarian cysts in modern gynecology, is one of the most commonly encountered gynecological disorders among women of reproductive age. Ayurveda explains this condition under the concepts of Granthi and Arbuda involving Kapha-Vata Dosha predominance, Agnimandya, Ama formation, and Artavavaha Srotodushti. The present study is a conceptual review based on classical Ayurvedic texts including Charaka Samhita, Sushruta Samhita, and Ashtanga Hridaya along with contemporary gynecological literature. Comparative and interpretative analysis was carried out to correlate ovarian cysts with Andaashaya Granthi and to understand its etiopathogenesis, clinical presentation, and management from both modern and Ayurvedic perspectives. Ovarian cysts may present with lower abdominal pain, menstrual irregularities, dyspareunia, infertility, abdominal distension, and pressure symptoms. Functional cysts and benign ovarian neoplasms constitute the major categories. In Ayurveda, the condition is understood as a Kapha-predominant Tridoshaja Vyadhi involving Vata, Kapha, Ama, and Dhatu Dushti. Ayurvedic management principles such as Nidana Parivarjana, Agni Deepana, Ama Pachana, Srotoshodhana, Shodhana Chikitsa, and Samana Chikitsa are found beneficial in reducing cystic growth, correcting hormonal imbalance, and improving reproductive health. Various formulations including Kanchanara Guggulu, Varunadi Kashayam, and Chitraka Granthikadi Kashayam are indicated in management. Ayurveda provides a holistic and individualized approach in the management of Andaashaya Granthi by addressing the root cause rather than symptomatic relief alone. Lifestyle modification, dietary regulation, Panchakarma therapies, and long-term Dosha balancing measures help in preventing recurrence and preserving ovarian function. Integrating Ayurvedic principles with early diagnosis and regular follow-up may offer better outcomes in conservative management of ovarian cysts.
Viruddha Ahara is a core Ayurvedic concept that can be correlated with the concept of an incompatible diet and dietary practices capable of disturbing normal physiology and promoting disease. The present review was undertaken to explore a relationship between Viruddha Ahara and fast-paced dietary practices of modern era in order to identify its possible toxicological significance. Classical Ayurvedic literature describes incompatibility in terms of improper combination, processing, quantity, time of intake, season, digestive capacity, and individual suitability, resulting in impairment of Agni (digestive and metabolic power), which further causes Ama (toxic metabolic by-products) formation, leading to Dosha vitiation and Dhatu dysfunction. In modern nutritional science, this dietary incompatibility can be understood through adverse food interactions, altered digestion and absorption, dysbiosis, inflammatory responses, oxidative stress, and cumulative metabolic burden. Repeated exposure to incompatible dietary patterns may contribute to gastrointestinal disturbance, inflammatory states, metabolic dysfunction, and possible hepato-renal stress. The concept is therefore not limited to food combination alone, but represents a broader perspective in terms of food intake, the host’s health status, processing and final products of digestion. Integrative interpretation of Viruddha Ahara may help strengthen preventive dietary counselling and guide future experimental studies on incompatible food combinations in Ayurveda and modern medical science.
The concept of Prakriti (the psycho-somatic constitution of each person) is an ancient clinical phenotyping system based on distinct anatomical, physiological, and metabolic constitutions and Ayurveda has used it as the foundation for personalized healthcare. Ayurgenomics is an emerging interdisciplinary field that bridges Ayurveda's Prakriti classification with modern genomics, molecular biology, and omics technologies, positioning it as a key contributor to P4 Medicine (predictive, preventive, personalized, and participatory medicine). Objective: This narrative review synthesizes current evidence on the genetic, metabolic, immunological, microbiomics, and epigenetic correlates of Prakriti phenotypes. The primary aim is to evaluate the scientific basis of Ayurgenomics, explore its translational implications for P4 Medicine, and identify challenges and future directions. Methods: A comprehensive literature search was conducted across electronic databases (PubMed/MEDLINE, Scopus, Google Scholar) and classical Ayurvedic texts. Peer-reviewed original research and reviews reporting genomic, biochemical, immunological, or microbiomics findings stratified by Prakriti type were selected and structurally synthesized. Results: The current multi-omics data reveal a set of molecular and genetic markers associated with metabolism, the microbiome, immunity, and disease susceptibility that correspond to distinct Prakriti phenotypes described in classical Ayurvedic texts. Conclusion: The evidence to date demonstrates a compelling genetic foundation for Prakriti and supports Ayurgenomics as a transformative framework for integrating ancient wisdom with cutting-edge science toward an individualized and effective global healthcare system.
Psoriasis is a chronic relapsing inflammatory skin disorder characterized by scaling, itching, dryness, and erythematous lesion. Chronic plaque psoriasis is a persistent inflammatory dermatological disorder. It is associated with immune dysregulation, inflammatory cytokine activation, and abnormal keratinocyte proliferation. Modern dermatology describes psoriasis as an immune-mediated disease involving T-cell activation, inflammatory cytokine and accelerated keratinocyte proliferation leading to chronic inflammation and plaque formation. (Griffiths CEM et al., The Lancet, 2021). Despite availability of various therapeutic modalities its chronic and relapsing nature makes long term management challenging. The present case report describes a 62-year-old male patient suffering from chronic plaque psoriasis since 20 years. The disease initially started with dryness and excessive scaling over the back region, followed by progression of lesions with severe burning sensation and scalp involvement associated with dandruff. The patient had previously taken conventional treatment with temporary symptomatic relief. Ayurvedic assessment was performed based on Roga-rogi pariksha, Dosha, Dhatu, Mala, Dushya involvement. Integrative Ayurvedic management consisting of internal medicines, local applications, and supportive care was initiated. Progressive clinical regression in symptoms was observed during follow-up, with approximately 60% improvement by April 2026 and 90-95% clinical resolution by June 2026.
Ayurvedic Lehyams and gels are widely marketed in India for therapeutic and cosmetic applications; however, the absence of defined physicochemical reference ranges for many proprietary formulations limit’s objective quality assessment and regulatory comparability. This study evaluates the physicochemical characteristics of commercially available Ayurvedic Lehyam and gel formulations based on data generated during routine quality‑control testing. Twelve Lehyam formulations and fourteen gel formulations were analyzed using established wet chemical and instrumental methods. Parameters evaluated included loss on drying (LOD), total solids, fat content, pH, ash values, water‑soluble matter (WSM), alcohol‑soluble matter (ASM), and acid‑insoluble ash. Descriptive statistical analysis and box‑plot visualization were used to characterize central tendency, dispersion, and outliers. Lehyams exhibited wide variability in LOD (2.21–62.54%; median 11.74%, mean 14.96%, SD 15.47) and total solids (4.96–35.00%; median 12.56%, mean 14.92%, SD 8.82). Fat content ranged from 0.22 to 15.07% (median 1.20%, mean 3.03%, SD 4.42), with higher values corresponding to lipid-enriched formulations. Gel formulations showed substantial variation in pH (3.08–8.28; median 4.97, mean 5.19, SD 1.29). Ash values were generally low (0.10–0.57%) except for one aloe‑based gel (36.40%). WSM ranged from 0.04 to 36.40% (median 3.42%, mean 7.48%), while ASM ranged from 3.24 to 20.20% (median 6.82%, mean 9.31%). Acid‑insoluble ash was below detection limits in all samples. Although these values cannot be considered pharmacopoeial specifications, the derived analytical ranges provide indicative reference windows to support routine quality control, regulatory oversight, and future standardization of proprietary Ayurvedic Lehyams and gels.
The tongue reflects digestive and systemic health, and Geographic Tongue is a benign inflammatory condition of the dorsal tongue, marked by depapillated erythematous patches with serpiginous borders of white, yellow, or gray coloration, sometimes causing burning and sensitivity to spicy foods. In Ayurveda, geographic tongue is not described as a distinct entity; however, its symptoms closely resemble those classified under Jihvakantaka. The objective in presenting the case report is to discuss the clinical presentation, etiological factors, and associated symptoms and management strategies of geographic tongue. Case Presentation: A 50-year-old female patient visited to the Kayachikitsa OPD of Sir Sunder Lal Hospital, IMS BHU Varanasi, with the chief complaint of burning sensation and sensitivity to hot and spicy food. During intraoral examination, she was diagnosed with geographic tongue. Patient was advised a combination of these drugs Yashtimadhu (Glycyrrhiza glabra Linn.) Churna, Sutasekhar rasa, Kamdudha rasa, Amrita Satva, Rasanjana churna with honey twice a day and Arogyavardhani vati 500mg twice a day, and Gandoosha with Baboola and Amrooda patra for 45 days. Clinical progression was evaluated through symptom assessment and comparative photographic analysis. Results: At the end of the treatment, the tongue exhibited a clear surface with a healthy pink hue and prominently elevated red papillae. The color and size of the lesions were assessed through comparative photographic documentation taken before and after the treatment. Conclusion: This case shows that integrated Ayurvedic internal and local therapies effectively improved symptoms and mucosal healing in geographic tongue, demonstrating a safe, beneficial approach.
Congestive dysmenorrhea (secondary) is a common menstrual disorder characterized by persistent, dull pelvic pain associated with underlying pelvic pathology, including venous stasis and chronic inflammation. In Ayurveda, this condition closely resembles Vatiki Yonivyapad, which is primarily caused by the vitiation and obstruction of Apana Vata, leading to pain and functional disturbances in the female reproductive system. This article critically reviews classical Ayurvedic literature and contemporary scientific evidence to evaluate the therapeutic role and mechanism of Sthanika Chikitsa (local site-focused procedures) in the management of congestive dysmenorrhea. Conventional management mainly relies on analgesics and hormonal therapies for symptomatic relief, whereas Ayurveda offers targeted local interventions with potential reproductive benefits. Sthanika Chikitsa includes procedures such as Yoni Pichu (medicated tampon), Yoni Abhyanga (local massage), Swedana (fomentation), Uttara Basti (intrauterine or intracervical administration of medicated oil or ghee), and Yoni Parisheka/Dhavana (vaginal douche). These therapies deliver Snigdha (unctuous) and Ushna (warm) medicinal preparations directly to the affected tissues, counteracting the dry, cold, and mobile qualities of aggravated Vata. Their localized action helps soften pelvic structures, reduce vascular stagnation, relieve pressure on pain-sensitive tissues, and restore the normal downward movement of Apana Vayu. Furthermore, this approach parallels the modern concept of Vaginal Drug Delivery Systems (VDDS), where lipid-based formulations utilize the rich vascularity of the vaginal mucosa to achieve high local bioavailability while bypassing hepatic first-pass metabolism. Combined with systemic Ayurvedic therapy, dietary regulation, and lifestyle modification, Sthanika Chikitsa offers a holistic strategy for managing congestive dysmenorrhea and supporting reproductive health.
Chandrakala Gutika is a traditional Ayurvedic polyherbomineral formulation (Kharaliya Rasayana) highly regarded in classical texts like Bhaishajya Ratnavali for treating Madhumeha (Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus). This chronic metabolic disease is particularly prevalent in South Asian populations. The formulation consists of eleven key ingredients- four minerals and seven herbs- processed by levigating them with Guduchi and Shalmali Kwatha before rolling them into pills (Gutika). A comprehensive review of classical literature like the Charaka Samhita and the Ayurvedic Pharmacopoeia of India, alongside modern pharmacological databases like PubMed, reveals that Chandrakala Gutika works through multi-targeted cellular and molecular pathways. Its energetic profile (Rasa Panchaka) is predominantly characterized by Sheeta Veerya (cooling potency, 55%), Laghu Guna (light attribute, 40%), and Katu Rasa (pungent taste, 35%). At a systemic level, the formulation breaks down disease pathogenesis (Samprapti Vighatana) and clears metabolic channels (Srotoshodhana). Modern scientific evidence shows its active components achieve this through multiple mechanisms: inhibiting alpha-glucosidase, sensitizing insulin via PPARγ and AMPK activation, protecting pancreatic beta-cells, and restoring vital antioxidant enzyme activities. Key active principles driving these effects include berberine from Guduchi, fulvic acid from Shilajitu, emblicanin-A/B and gallic acid from Amalaki, and nano-particulate tin oxide from Vanga Bhasma. Together, these ingredients work synergistically to address diabetes at molecular and cellular levels. However, validating these promising mechanisms requires future rigorous, randomized controlled clinical trials using fully standardized formulations.
Asthma (Ḍiq Al-Nafas) is a chronic inflammatory airway disease characterized by recurrent episodes of breathlessness and wheezing due to reversible airway obstruction. Globally, it affects millions, with a significant burden in India. While conventional therapies such as bronchodilators and corticosteroids are effective, their long-term use raises safety concerns, prompting exploration of alternative therapeutic systems. Objectives: This review aims to evaluate the pharmacological and therapeutic potential of Sharbat Banafsha, a classical Unani formulation, in the management of asthma based on traditional literature and modern scientific evidence. Methods: A narrative review approach was employed by analyzing classical Unani texts alongside contemporary pharmacological and clinical studies focusing on Viola odorata, the principal ingredient of Sharbat Banafsha. Results: Sharbat Banafsha exhibits multiple therapeutic properties, including expectorant, concoctive, and mild laxative effects. Pharmacological studies indicate that Viola odorata possesses anti-inflammatory, bronchodilator, and antimicrobial activities. Clinical observations suggest improvement in respiratory symptoms and lung function, supporting its traditional use in managing asthma. Conclusion: Sharbat Banafsha demonstrates promising therapeutic potential as a complementary approach in asthma management. Integrating traditional Unani formulations with modern medicine may enhance patient outcomes and provide safer long-term alternatives, particularly in the context of increasing antimicrobial resistance and chronic disease burden.
Kerala has an exceptional status in practice of Ashta Vaidya Parampara from time out of mind. The land offered fertile ground for plants and snakes to thrive. The incidence of snake bites marked the beginning of Visha Chikitsa in Kerala. Improvised Visha Vaidya Parampara is popularly known as Keraleeya Visha Chikitsa. Different practices were followed by Visha vaidyas in the successful management of emergency conditions of Visha and many of them remain unrevealed to us. Malayalam books were written based on their practical experiences in the field of Visha Chikitsa such as Kriya Koumadi, Prayoga Sammucchaya, Vishavaidya Jyotsnika, Kodassery margom etc. Unique traditional treatment modalities practiced during those periods includes Oothu chikitsa, Karu prayoga, Thookku dhara, Jaladhara, Vellottu prayogam etc. The aim of this paper is to review a formulation used for Oothu Chikitsa by a traditional Visha Vaidya in Sarpa Visha Chikitsa which were followed in his forty years of practice in Visha Chikitsa.
Pilonidal disease commonly affects the younger adult population and represents a frequent clinical presentation in both outpatient and hospital practice. Over time, several management techniques have been introduced with varying acceptance, while newer treatment approaches have yielded favorable results. This article presents the MIKKT (Minimally Invasive Kshar Karma Technique) in the management of pilonidal sinus disease. The study describes a case of a 19-year-old male who presented with complaints of pus discharge from the natal cleft region. The patient was successfully managed using the MIKKT approach, with no recurrence observed during the follow-up period. The findings suggest that MIKKT may be a safe, effective, and minimally invasive treatment option for pilonidal sinus disease.
Vulvovaginal candidiasis is the infection of vaginal mucosa and vulva, commonly caused by Candida albicans, a gram-positive yeast like fungus. It is a common clinical problem that affects about 75% of women at least once during their life time and significantly impacts quality of life due to symptoms such as vaginal discharge, intense pruritus, soreness, and discomfort. Despite the effectiveness of conventional antifungal therapies, recurrence and drug-related adverse effects remain important concerns. In Ayurveda, the symptomatology of VVC closely resembles Ślaiṣhmiki (Kaphaja) Yoni Vyapad, a condition characterized by Picchila Srava (discharge) and Yoni Kandu (itching) resulting from Kapha predominance. The present review aims to explore the Ayurvedic understanding of VVC with special emphasis on the role of Sthanika Chikitsa (local therapies). Ayurveda classics, texts of contemporary science and available research articles in PubMed and Google Scholar were used to collect and critically analyse data regarding disease characteristics, Ayurvedic correlation, pathogenesis, current therapeutic approaches, and local treatment modalities. The findings suggest that local therapeutic modalities such as Yoni Prakshalana (vaginal douching), Yoni Pichu (vaginal tamponing), and Yoni Varti (vaginal suppositories) provide symptomatic relief through direct action at the site of pathology and have shown promising outcomes in available clinical reports. Current evidence indicates the therapeutic potential of Ayurvedic interventions in managing vulvovaginal candidiasis. However, further well-designed studies are required to establish standardized treatment protocols and strengthen the existing evidence base.
Fistula in ano is a chronic suppurative condition of anorectal origin that frequently develops from cryptoglandular infection and is associated with persistent symptoms, recurrence, and the potential risk of sphincter damage. Although Kshara Sutra (medicated seton) therapy is a well-established Ayurvedic surgical procedure for its management, conventional practice is often limited by prolonged treatment duration, pain, and reduced patient compliance. The Interception of Fistulous Tract with Application of Kshara Sutra (IFTAK) technique has been developed to overcome these limitations by targeting the primary site of infection. A 51-year-old male patient presented with a two-and-a-half-year history of recurrent pus discharge from the perianal region accompanied by mild pain, itching, and difficulty in sitting. Clinical examination revealed a hypertrophied external opening at 2 o’clock position and an internal opening at the 6 o’clock position at the dentate line, with normal anal sphincter tone based on clinical assessment, a diagnosis of fistula-in-ano (Bhagandara) was made. The patient was treated using the IFTAK technique under local anesthesia. Weekly Kshara Sutra changing was performed, and curettage of the tract was undertaken when indicated. Progressive improvement was noted with a marked reduction in pain and purulent discharge. Complete resolution of discharge was achieved, followed by successful cut-through and full wound healing with minimal scarring. Anal continence was preserved, and no complications were observed. The patient remained symptom-free, with no recurrence during a one-year follow-up period. This case demonstrates that the IFTAK technique is an effective and safe modification of conventional Kshara (medicated seton) Sutra therapy for fistula in ano. By addressing the primary cryptoglandular source and reducing the length of the treated tract, IFTAK offers faster healing, improved patient comfort, and favorable clinical outcomes without recurrence.
A woman’s overall health underpins her quality of life. Throughout her life she undergoes many physical and emotional changes while often juggling responsibilities at home and work, so maintaining good physical and mental health is essential. A healthy genital (Yoni) state is central to a woman’s wellbeing. Disturbance of the normal vaginal microbial balance between can lead to vaginal inflammation and abnormal discharge. Shweta pradara (white discharge) is a troublesome symptom that may occur in a range of conditions or as a complication; because it is a symptom rather than a distinct disease, its cause mirrors the underlying disorder’s. From an Ayurvedic perspective it is frequently viewed as a Kapha‑type imbalance affecting the Apana Vayu. Microbial infections of the vagina or uterus are common causes of white discharge. A female patient presenting with Shweta pradara was treated by me. There so many folk medicines are used for cure of diseases but there is lack of scientific evidence for their effectiveness so there are so many studies are being done for their properties and effectiveness of drug in disease management some are discussed by me are 1. Hastikarna (Leea macrophylla) 2. Khatalimba (Ampelocissus latifolia) as Hastikarnayadi Yog for their use in management in Shwetapradara (leucorhhea) as they are used by some Gunijans in the area of Udaipur in Rajasthan so after sharing knowledge by them these studies are done and find their effectiveness with there no side effects and dependency on drugs for management of that disease.
