With the successful accomplishment of previous meetings 9th International Conference on Traditional Medicine and Acupuncture organized by Allied academies at Tokyo, Japan during Sep 14-15 | 2019 worked with the theme “Unwinding the Challenges & Future Aspects of Traditional Medicine”.
Regular items particularly plants have been utilized for the treatment of different illnesses promisingly from the very long time by information on Ayurveda in our country. In non- industrial nations home grown medication is the wellspring of new disclosures for the new medication leads towards different medical services issues and blend of new definitions. Conventional medication when contrasted with different wellsprings of drug disclosures had contributed numerous novel theraputic compounds for preventive also, remedial medication. Auxiliary metabolites like polyphenols, terpenes and alkaloids have been accounted for to have antimutagenic and anticancer properties in numerous studies. A few investigates on malignancy medications and revelation of new lead atoms towards anticancer movement by utilizing restorative plants was advanced, motivation to clarify as therapeutic plants are supplies of cell reinforcements and have no harmfulness as contrasted with the cutting edge drugs; idea of joining Ayurveda with cutting edge drug disclosure may bring some lead compounds towards different human sufferings.
A medicinal and A?AE?A½mA?AE?c plant occupies an important AE?A½AEAAE?A½n in the social, cultural, health and spiritual A®A?A¯A?AE of the rural AE?A½AE?AEµA¯A?AE?A½n in India. Medicinal plants have made a AEAAnAA®cA?nAE? cA½nAE?AE?AbAEµAE?A½n to rural livelihoods. Medicinal and AE?A½mA?AE?Ac Plants (MAP) worldwide are an important part of biodiversity, ecosystems, and biological heritage.
This conference invites all the participants around the globe to share a platform and in order to convey their insights and recent developments in the field of Cognition and Neuroscience. We extend the heartiest welcome to the “27th Cognitive Neuroscience Congress” on October 16-17, 2020 at Bali, Indonesia, revolving around the theme “Scientific gathering to unleash the new horizons in the neurocognitive study”. This conference invites all the participants around the globe to share their insights and recent developments in the field of Cognition and Neuroscience
Fresh leaves of Erigeron floribundus were obtained, and its ethanolic extract was assessed for antimicrobial, antioxidant-free radical scavenging activity as well as phytochemical constituents. Hemolytic activities were also screened to know whether the extract will lyse the blood agar. Six pathogenic bacteria; the gram-positive, Bacillus cereus, Clostridium species, Staphylococcus aureus, and the gram-negative: Klebsiella pneumonia, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Escherichia coli, were screened for susceptibilities to the antimicrobial activity of the leaf extract. Five fungi, Yeast, Penicillium sp, Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus flavus, and Aspergillus fumigatus, were also screened for antifungal properties of the extract. The result indicated that the plant extract showed antimicrobial action but to a varying degree. The extract was screened for its antioxidant property and free radical scavenging capacity. The result indicated that it has high activity in reducing iron chloride solution and high activity in (DPPH) radicals scavenging test. The phytochemical screening of the extracts showed some bioactive ingredient of pharmacological importance like Tannin, Cardiaglycosides, and Saponin. Hemolytic assay of the extract showed that it could lyse blood cells.
The high prevalence of morbidity and mortality from bacterial infections, together with the growing threat of antibacterial resistance, necessitated the development of alternative new drugs from traditional medicine. In Ethiopia, Impatiens tinctoria A. Rich has been traditionally used for the treatment of fungal infections such as ringworms that cause tinea pedis and it have also different medical values. Scientific information on its biological activity against a broad range of bacteria and safety data is scant, compared to its folklore data. In this study, we evaluated antibacterial activities and acute oral toxicity of aqueous, ethanol and ethyl acetate root extracts of Impatiens tinctoria A. Rich. Aqueous, ethanol and ethyl acetate extracts of the plant were evaluated using agar hole diffusion and agar dilution methods. Biological activities of the plant extracts were expressed as a zone of inhibition diameter, minimum inhibitory concentration (mg/ml), and minimum bactericidal concentration (mg/ml). The safety studies were performed by oral acute toxicity study according to the organization of economic cooperation and development test Guidelines 420.Gram-positive bacteria were more susceptible to the extracts compared to gram-negative bacteria, especially against S. aureus and S. epidermidis, which are commonly found in the skin. Ethyl acetate extract was more potent than ethanol and aqueous extracts. The 50% lethal dose (LD50) of tested mice was above 9600 mg/kg. This study provides a scientific basis for the antibacterial activity of the root extracts of I. tinctoria A. Rich, where, the ethyl acetate extract showed the most promising activity. Therefore, the antibacterial potential and practical non-toxicity of the study plant extracts suggested the possibility of using it for the development of antimicrobial drugs by further studying the plant in different directions.
Since ancient times, man has learned to use plants to obtain natural dyes, but this traditional botanical knowledge (TBK) is eroding. In the late, during, and the early 1800s, there was an increase in research related to dye species, and this allowed the development of industry and economy in rural contexts of Southern Italy. Today, dyes are mainly obtained from synthetic products, and this leads to risks for human health related to pollution. METHODS: Starting from the literature, three catalogs of the dyeing species (plants, algae, fungi, and lichens) used in the Mediterranean Basin and mainly in Southern Italy have been created. Percentages of parts used and colors extracted from species have been recorded and analyzed. The plant species present in the catalogs have been verified in the territories of Southern Italy, and the data have been registered. An ethnobotanical survey was conducted, in the region of Southern Italy, to verify the erosion level of traditional botanical knowledge, linked to the ethnobotanical dyeing, over time. RESULTS:A total of 524 species were recorded among plants, algae, fungi, and lichens, and related parts used and extracted pigments. Most uses concern the stems and leaves, and the most frequent color is yellow. From the on-field survey operations, 283 plant species have been verified. These represent 64.31% of the species reported in the flora of the dye plants produced. The results, from the ethnobotanical survey, show that only 8.6% of TBK remained in the collective memory. CONCLUSIONS: This catalog is among the largest in this sector and is the basis for studies related to the restoration of an eco-sustainable economy which would allow the development of marginal areas present throughout Southern Italy.
Introduction:CrotonmembranaceusMull.Arg., rootextracthasbeen scientificallyandclinicallyproventobeefficaciousinthemanagementofBPH.However,its effect onliverdrug-metabolizingenzymeshasnotbeenestablished.This study aimed to determine the effect of the plant extract on phase I and phase II drug-metabolizingenzyme. Materialsandmethods:Fifteen(15)castrated-testosteroneBPHinducedmaleAlbinoWister ratsweighingbetween120-150gramswererandomlydividedinto3groupsof5ratseach (GroupsII-IV).Five(5)uncastratedratsGroupIwasusedasanegativecontrol,receiving onlydistilledwater.GroupIIwasadministered30mg/kgb.wtextractsofC.membranaceus. GroupIIIwasthemodelgroupwhileGroupIVwasadministered0.5mg/kgb.wtfinasteride anditwasusedasthepositivecontrol.BPHwasinducedingroupsII-IVbyadministering testosteronepropionate,3mg/kgb.wtfor28daysaftera7-daypostcastrationrestperiod. Ratswereeuthanizedandindividualliversharvestedformicrosomepreparation.Theliver microsomeswereassayedfor,PhaseIDrugMetabolizingEnzymes(DME);CYP1A2, CYP3A4,CYP2D6,andphaseII;GST-M1using Enzyme-Linked Immuno-Sorbent Assay (ELISA) techniques. Results:SignificantdifferencesinphaseIenzymes;CYP1A2,CYP3A4,CYP2D6,(p=0.02, 0.00,0.01)respectively.PhaseIIenzymes,GSTM1,showedastatistical significance(p=0.01).C.membranaceusinducedCYP1A2strongly,GSTM1modestly,andhadaninhibitoryeffectonCYP2D6. Conclusion:CrotonmembranaceusinducesandinhibitssomephaseImetabolizingenzymes whilemoderatelyinducingphaseIImetabolizingenzymes. Careshouldbetakenintheuseof phytotherapy in conjunction with other drugs.
Diarrhoea, depending on the type is most characterized by the frequent passage of watery stool that may in some cases contains mucus and blood caused by either microorganisms, allergy or side effects of certain drugs.The efficacy of fermented beniseed liquor and the methanol extract in treating diarrhoea caused by Shigella dysenteriae in albino rats orogastrically infected with the bacteria was assessed. At the end of the experiment, microbiological, haematological, biochemical and liver functioning tests were performed on the blood from the animals. The results obtained from this analysis showed that the selected organism have high infectivity dose of 2.4 ×103 cfu/ml within 24-36 hours in rats of 82-102 g, caused a significant reducing effect on the weight of the albino rats and negative effect on the hematological and biochemical parameters assessed. Treatment of infected animals with the fermented liquor and methanol extract of beniseeds showed that both caused a significantly quick recovery of the infected animals from diarrhoea caused by the bacteria within five days of treatment. However, the rate of recovery was faster with the group of infected rats treated with the fermented beniseed liquor than the extract. Also, treatment with methanol extract of beniseeds also caused a significant increase in the cholesterol level of the blood from the animals. The results obtained from theseanalyses showed that beniseed have therapeutic properties and that the fermented form is more effective and can be used to treat diarrhoea caused by the selected bacteria used in this study in albino rats. The effect is however not as fast as the control drugs.
This “geographic and thematic” issue of the American Journal of Ethnomedicine focuses on the traditional medicines in trade in Asia on the 30th anniversary of the 1988 Chiang-Mai Declaration, an output of an historic meeting organized by WHO, IUCN and WWF. The emphasis on the Asian countries that represent the highest volume and value of medicinal plants trade in the world is deliberate. Not only because of the scale and speed of changes in traditional medicines trade in Asia, but also to highlight the conservation and sustainable use issues being faced today. In 1988, few studies had been done on the informal sector trade or on medicinal plant value-chains and even fewer studies on cross-border trade in medicinal plants or fungi. At that time, e-commerce in Traditional and Complementary Medicine (T&CM), so common today, did not even exist. And no comparitive, repeat studies of traditional medicines markets had been done at all. Thirty years later, this special issue illustrates how the traditional medicines trade has grown and changed. Links between medicinal plant conservation, scarcity and price on one hand and quality, safety and adulteration on the other are better understood. E-commerce in T&CM has grown exponentially, due to 51% of the world's population having internet access by 2017. Yet despite global policy goals for conservation and sustainable use, the challenges facing medicinal plants conservation are greater than ever before. Consequently, the need for cooperation between the health-care and conservation sectors recognised in 1988 is even greater today. And this is recognised in WHO's 2014–2023 strategy for traditional medicines, which identifies the need to raise awareness about issues of biodiversity and conservation as an important strategic action (WHO, 2013). This Special Issue is a small contribution towards that goal.
The 17th International NETTAB workshop was held in Palermo, Italy, on October 16-18, 2017. The special topic for the meeting was Methods, tools and platforms for Personalised Medicine in the Big Data Era, but the traditional topics of the meeting series were also included in the event. About 40 scientific contributions were presented, including four keynote lectures, five guest lectures, and many oral communications and posters. Also, three tutorials were organised before and after the workshop. Full papers from some of the best works presented in Palermo were submitted for this Supplement of BMC Bioinformatics. Here, we provide an overview of meeting aims and scope. We also shortly introduce selected papers that have been accepted for publication in this Supplement, for a complete presentation of the outcomes of the meeting.
Statement of the Problem: The metabolic syndrome (MS) represents a complex pathological condition featured by hypertension, type 2 diabetes (T2D) and obesity. It is among the risk factors for development of cardiovascular diseases (CVD) and is characterized by increasing global prevalence. Modulation of the nuclear peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ) by natural compounds is considered a promising pharmacological strategy for targeting the MS. Within this study, we aimed at applying a virtual screening protocol for investigating the potential of triterpenoid sapogenins of natural origin to act as PPARγ partial agonists. Furthermore, an in silico estimation of their safety profile has been performed.
M personnel are often exposed to high summer heat resulting in heat stroke (HS) resulting in serious mental and physical consequences due to blood-brain barrier (BBB) breakdown, edema formation and brain pathologies. In this innovation, we used TiO2 nanowired EGb-761 and BN-52021 to treat HS induced brain pathologies in model experiments. Rats were exposed to two hour HS daily for eight days in a biological oxygen demand (BOD) incubator that does not induce brain pathology. On the eighth day, the animals were subjected to a four hour additional HS, and brain pathology was examined. These animals exhibited profound BBB leakage to Evans blue and [131]-Iodine, brain edema 2–4-fold higher neuronal damages as compared sham treated naïve rats. Treatment with EGb-761 (50 mg/kg, p.o.) with BN-52021 (2 mg/kg, p.o.) daily, for five days reduced brain damage by 20 to 30% in HS. However, when TiO2 nanowired EGb-761 or TiO2 BN-52021 were administered in identical doses, more than 80% reduction in brain pathology was observed in HS. The functional outcome e.g., walking on a tilted mesh grid (45°C), staying on a Rota-Rod treadmill (16 r.p.m.) and finding placing of forepaw on a wire mesh were significantly improved by nanodelivery of EGb-761 and BN-52021. These observations suggest that nanodelivery of EGb-761 and BN-52021 in HS has a potential therapeutic value that requires further investigation. Biography
Aim of the study: To study the comparative neuroprotective activity of ethanolic extracts of E. alsinoides and C. asiatica. Method: The ethanolic extracts of E. alsinoides and C. asiatica were administered orally daily along with scopolamine for a period of 14 days following which the behavioral tests i.e. elevated plus maze and Morris water maze tests were performed to assess learning and memory. Animal groups were divided in nine different groups. In-vivo antioxidant enzymes activity, inflammatory markers inhibition activity and acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibition activity in the brain of mice were also measured at the end of the study. Results: The study demonstrate that scopolamine induction resulted in learning and memory deficits which were partially and significantly ameliorated by the ethanolic extracts of E. alsinoides and C. asiatica. The extracts also counteracted scopolamine-induced decreases in acetylcholine levels, increases in AChE activity, and decreases in activities of the antioxidant enzymes. The study demonstrates the ability of the ethanolic extracts of E. alsinoides and C. asiatica to reverse scopolamine-induced learning and memory deficits in mice which may at least partially be explained by the reversal of scopolamine-induced reductions in brain antioxidant enzymes activity, inflammatory markers inhibition activity and acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibition activity by the both extracts.
This study investigated the effects of different celery (Apium graveolens) seed extracts on blood pressure (BP) in normotensive and deoxycorticosterone acetate-induced hypertensive rats. The hexanic, methanolic, and aqueous-ethanolic extracts were administered intraperitoneally and their effects on BP and heart rate (HR) were evaluated in comparison with spirnolactone as a diuretic and positive control. Also, the amount of n-butylphthalide (NBP), as an antihypertensive constituent, in each extract was determined by HPLC. The results indicated that all extracts decreased BP and increased the HR in hypertensive rats, but had no effect on normotensive rats. The data showed that administration of 300 mg/kg of hexanic, methanolic, and aqueous-ethanolic (20/80, v/v) extracts of the celery seed caused 38, 24, and 23 mmHg reduction in BP and 60, 25, and 27 beats per minute increase in the HR, respectively. Also, the HPLC analysis data revealed that the content of NBP in the hexanic extract was 3.7 and 4 times greater than methanolic and aqueous-ethanolic extracts. It can be concluded that celery seed extracts have antihypertensive properties, which appears to be attributable to the actions of its active hydrophobic constitutes such as NBP and can be considered as an antihypertensive agent in chronic treatment of elevated BP.
