: Osteoporosis is a growing global health concern. It is a silent and incurable disease, and many people are not aware of it till complications occur. Osteoporosis is difficult to treat and still incurable, and so prevention is critically necessary. Indeed, it is preventable by modifying unhealthy lifestyles to maximize bone mass density before its occurrence. Health educational osteoporosis program are known as an important strategy in its prevention. Theses program will increase women’s knowledge levels and alter their health beliefs regarding osteoporosis and preventive behaviors. This paper reports an analysis of the results on osteoporosis educational program for women in different age group.
The current study is conducted with the aim to explore the practices and perceptions of Afghan EFL lecturers toward assessment. A second aim of the study is to explore the challenges the lecturers encounter in the implementation of formative assessments in their classes. To serve these basic objectives, a qualitative case study method design was employed with three English language lectures as the participants. Semi-structured interviews were used as the main instrument to collect data. The findings of the study indicated that all three lecturers maintained positive perceptions toward formative assessment and favored it over summative assessment. However, the study also discovered that the lecturers practice summative assessments more than formative assessments in their classrooms. This, as indicated by the lecturers, was due to the fact that their choices of employing certain assessment practices were dictated in terms of certain challenges such as university rules and policies, large classes, and time constraints. Lastly, some suggestions are made that may prove useful to effectively apply formative assessment in Afghan EFL context.
: Infrastructure for instance roads, mines and hydroelectric dams, are spreading rapidly. Infrastructure arrangements are the essential of the countries’ economy and welfare; infrastructure creates vital services that concern on people’s living, and each sector that regards to the community. The problem of low infrastructure usage reduced the probability of poor perception towards infrastructure. Why are some social groups reporting low perceptions compared to other social groups? This study aims to provide an explanation of the relationship between perception toward infrastructure and problem of infrastructure usage. Quantitative approach has been used for data collection and analysis on 321 samples. Through correlation analysis, result shows a very weak negative association between perception toward infrastructure and problem of infrastructure usage. Increase in perception toward infrastructure expected decrease problem of infrastructure usage.
: The number of digital projects aimed at documenting and preserving communities’ intangible cultural heritage (ICH) has grown considerably in recent years. These projects take advantage of the advancement of digital technologies to enable local communities to manage their ICH, in tune with the deprofessionalisation of heritage practices. This paper follows the progress of a case study that used a wiki to enable participation in the documentation of cultural heritage in the Isle of Jura, Scotland. Using a mix of action research and ethnography, the main argument of the paper is that involvement in digital cultural heritage can enhance community empowerment, but that this depends upon social dimensions of community cohesion and engagement as well as technical knowledge of the software and technologies involved.
In these day, as the e-commerce industry is growing and becoming complex, everyone uses online websites for getting reviews and giving the reviews on the website in the form of comments. This comments varies from worst level to best level. So in order to categorize these comments or to predict the best outcome among the posted comments recommendation is needed. Recommender System is an e cient tool that consider an individual's opinion to identify their content more appropriately and selectively. This system has been applied to various domain, but in the eld of research area, service based recommendation system plays a major role. In recent years, the growth rate of online hotel searching has been increased much faster and makes this online hotel searching a very di cult task due to the abundant amount of online information. Reviews written by the travelers replaces the word-of-mouth but then to searching becomes the time consuming task based on user preference. Reviews crawled from the travelers visiting sites are a common and valuable source of information for recommendation of a hotel, yet little attention has been paid as, how to present the reviews of a reviewers in an understandable format. The purpose of this paper is to recommend the travelers the name of the hotels based on their preferences, by analyzing the other travelers reviews together with the rating value to improve the prediction accuracy. Users do not rate adequate hotels to enable collaborating ltering based recommendation, which can lead to an issue called as cold start problem. To solve this issue the following contributions will be made in this paper like: 1. Paper will combine Collaborative Filtering with Aspect Based Sentiment Analysis to overcome cold start user problem, while ensuring high accuracy. 2. Context like traveler type, user's location and user's preference will be included as an additional information for personalized recommendation. 3. Several experiments will be conducted on tripadvisor datasets and the result is expected that proposed hybrid framework is competitive against classical approaches. This paper will include various elements like semi-supervised clustering algorithm is used to group the features of the same vocabulary into nine, prede ned categories known as hotel aspects. Lexicon based approach will be used to find the sentiment orientation towards each hotel aspects based on the defined context. Item-based ltering technique will be used to predict the unrated items/aspects. Thus, context-based approach will increase the recommendation results.
: The research examined factors affecting performing and non performing borrower’s repayment ability of Regional Development Bank in North Central Province. This study was done collecting data from both performing and non performing borrowers of Regional Development Bank in Medirigiriya area. The dependent variable of the study was loan repayment ability and the independent variables were information about borrower’s income, loan amount, borrower’s background, accessibility of getting loan and information about guarantee. The collected data analyzed using descriptive statistics, correlation and regression analysis. According to regression result of performing holders, it was found that information about guarantee has significantly impact on borrower’s loan repayment ability. On the other hand, the regression result of non performing holders indicated that there are statically significant impact of background investigation and information about guarantee on loan repayment ability.
In Cote d'Ivoire, soils in cacao plantations are depleted due to the absence or underuse of fertilisation. A digital map of 130 landunits was created from soil and climatic parameters. A soil diagnosis software was combined with GIS (geographical information system) to convert the current unique fertiliser “Engrais cacao” into a greater number of recommendations more adapted to local conditions, thus more actual. Cacao fertiliser requirements were calculated from soil samples taken in mature cacao plantations in each landunit. The relationships between nutrient requirements and soil chemical parameters enabled building a map of the actual cacao fertiliser recommendations. Soils with identical characteristics were compared regarding their cacao nutritional needs. Highly significant correlations between soil nutrients were found; particularly, Ca and Mg were highly correlated with K, making it possible to calculate the Ca and Mg amounts in fertiliser formulae as function of K (i.e. Ca = 8.5×K and Mg = 3×K). The final map contains 23 N-P-K-Ca-Mg fertiliser formulae. Among them, the currently recommended blanket fertiliser represents 16.5% of the cacao areas. The comparison of our results with a previous study, done 40 years ago, evidenced that the soil nutrients under cacao have significantly decreased over the period, reinforcing the need for fertilizers. (Resume d'auteur)
This study aimed to determine the relationship of emotional intelligence of science STE teachers’ with their classroom management. This study used descriptive-correlational using survey questionnaire with total population sampling who are offering Science, Technology and Engineering curriculum in Region 1, Philippines with 113 respondents. Point-biserial was used to look at the relationship of the variables. The result was there is no significant relationship between science STE teachers EI and their classroom management. The following conclusion is drawn: Science STE teachers’ classroom management approach is not affected by their EI and vice versa.
The system elaborates the design and construction of automatic light control system. The developed electronic system eliminates the disadvantages of the existing systems. Based on the results the microcontroller calculates and automatically detects geographical area and retrieve relevant data for sunrise and sunset in the area, respectively ensures very precise ON/OFF mode of the lighting system. The circuit uses a light sensor to sense the light. It doesn’t need operator maintenance and initial installation setup. The developed electronic device increases bulb life in result of the dimming effect. On the other hand this decrease of the illumination leads to reduce in the energy consumption. By using this system manual workare removed.It automatically switches ON lights when the sunlight goes below the visible region of your eyes. It automatically switches OFF light under illumination by sunlight.This is done by a sensor called Light Dependant Resister(LDR) which sences light actually like our eyes.
The demand for energy on developing nations has increased in the past three decades propelled by population growth. This has led to more biomass energy consumption and use in the households. For this study, we assess factors that will propagate better uptake of modern kilns that are environmental friendly and minimal on waste of wood fuel for the production of charcoal in Mutomo. Methodology of the study employed the following sampling techniques: random sampling; stratified sampling and purposive sampling during the survey. The sample size was 255. The methods of data collection used were observation and questionnaires. Both qualitative and quantitative data was obtained. Qualitative data was analysed through content and thematic analysis where the information received from the respondents were captured as were stated. The discussed findings also indicate the perceptions towards the uptake of modern charcoal producing kilns. Further, we analyze challenges of transitioning from traditional earth kilns to modern technology kilns. We conclude that, equitable use of environmental resources depend on better technologies that facilitate sustainability. Therefore the efficiency and economical characteristics of modern kilns play an important role in their adoption because they help in getting high quality charcoal such that the traders are able to get maximum returns. For the socioeconomic wellbeing of charcoal producers, modern kilns are economical and profit generating thus maintaining the forest cover unlike tradition kilns that degrades it. The formation of charcoal processing associations is the main way of encouraging the use of modern charcoal burning kilns other than the sensitization of the public on the benefits of the use of modern charcoal burning kilns.
One of the hardest parts about existence—regardless of the possibility that it does keep going forever— is the point at which a friend or family member passes on. We miss their substantial nearness, embrace, and voice—to put it plainly, all the physical traits that we connect with our darling family and companions. Itu0027s troublesome when a friend or family member is lost fore ever. Be that as it may, life has taken another turn and is putting forth you a chance to see past the fantasy of death. You now have an opportunity to understand that your departed one was and is substantially more than skin, muscle, organs, and bones. That was just his earth-suit, his outward mask that housed his indestructible embodiment for some time. We as a whole have pondered, what reason do we need to Die? For what reason canu0027t everybody simply live always? The appropriate response is straightforward: we donu0027t generally pass on, yet we do change outward shape. Whatu0027s more, change resembles an alarming end of presence to the individuals who just view existence with the five detects. Likewise, envision how exhausting and smothering a steady equivalence would be. Hereu0027s restricted to do this: think about your extremely most loved motion picture and ask yourself, Would you need to watch it consistently for endlessness? obviously not. Indeed, itu0027s a similar route with life. Souls adore assortment, development, and enterprise—not protected stagnation. Life is intended to incorporate unending change. Itu0027s an awesome setup when you discharge fear and understand thereu0027s a rhyme and motivation to it all.
Tourism is today emerging as a leading sector in the world and is now considered by some as the number one industry. Tourism industry is one of the largest segments under the service sector of the Indian economy. Tourism industry has strong relevance to economic development, cultural growth and national integration. The tourism industry has helped growth in other sectors as diverse as horticulture, handicraft, agriculture and construction. Tourism is the second largest foreign exchange earner in India. The tourism industry employs a large number of people, both skilled and unskilled. Hotels, travel agencies, transport including airlines benefit a lot from this industry. Tourism promotes national integration. It generates foreign exchange. It promotes cultural activities. The Indian governmentu0027s Incredible tourism campaign and the information technology growth in India have been attracting millions of foreign tourists and business tourists to India. With the stable government at the centre and the new initiatives like ‘Clean India’ ‘Digital India’ and ‘Visa on Arrival’ announced by the government, the tourism sector may hope to have some positive changes. This paper seeks to analyze the opportunities and threats related to Indian tourism.
The study sought to determine the moderating effect of firm characteristic on the relationship between financial performance and value chain financing through raw material and working capital in the edible oil manufacturing companies in Kenya. Using the secondary data which was extracted from the financial statements of edible oil manufacturing companies for the period 2008 to 2014. A positivism philosophy applying descriptive retrospective panel data approach was used during the study. Multiple regression analysis was conducted to establish the relationship of the financing variables (Raw material and Working capital) and the financial performance of the Edible Oil Manufacturing Companies in Kenya . The major findings and conclusions of this study were that, financing through raw material and working capital do not have statistical significant relationship to financial performance of Edible Oil Manufacturing Companies In Kenya.
The career development of university students is a transition process from education to career that needs them to be ready to plan, explore, make choices and make career decisions appropriate with one’s interest, talent and ability. Thus, the Career Readiness Module-Cognitive Information Processing (CRM-CIP) was developed as an intervention aimed to increase the students’ career readiness. This research aim to analysis the content validity of CRM-CIP. The content validity analysis used the expert consensus evaluation that consisted of eight experts. The research findings showed that the value of content validity coefficient was .955 and based on the sub modules and activities was .934. This proves that the CRM-CIP has high content validity and therefore is suitable to be implemented on the university students that have low or moderate level of career readiness.
: The occurrence, fate and effects of Pharmaceuticals compounds (PhCs) in the environmental system have been attracted special attention in the world as a new emerging contaminants due to their potential impact on humans, animals and microorganisms even at low concentrations. Conventional wastewater treatment technologies, including biological, thermal and physical treatments, are demonstrated to be insufficient for removal of many pharmaceuticals residues from wastewater, due to their low biodegradability and high chemical stability. Advanced oxidation processes (AOPs), are one of the most promising treatment technologies for elimination of such relentless compounds. The current study was focused on the efficacy of various oxidation processes for degradation of diclofenac sodium (DCF) as a one of the most widespread pharmaceuticals present in sewage. The experimental phase was divided into two parts: Photolysis and heterogeneous photocatalysis. Concerning photocatalysis experiments, TiO 2 as a catalyst has been used in two forms: (i) as dispersed powder; (ii) immobilized on the surface of blue slabs. Kinetic studies of DCF were accomplished and it’s photoproducts were identified using liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry system (LC-MS). Heterogeneous photocatalysis by using TiO 2 dispersed powder shows the fastest extent of degradation with 54.6 min of half-life (t 1/2 ). Nevertheless, the recovery of the suspended catalyst from the treated solution still form a problem after the treatment process. Direct photolysis and photocatalysis using TiO 2 immobilized system showed approximately comparable results ( 71 and 79 min respectively), in contrast, the degradation pathway for each process was different which yielded a diversity in the photoproducts in each process. In conclusion, the overall results suggested that using both photolysis and heterogeneous photocatalysis are promising alternative techniques towards protecting the environment from this emerging contaminants.
: In our religious writings and sacred texts, a domain or world by the name of Dharr has been talked about. There are contrasts between the researchers with respect to what this domain precisely is. In any case, the perspective which is by all accounts the best of all is the one that says Allah has made man with a characteristic propensity to reality, to loving an inconspicuous heavenly power, and to interminable and total flawlessness. The domain of Dharr not the slightest bit negates men through and through freedom. It doesn't compel him to be great, whatever it does is that it gives man the inclination to discover and take after reality, with the end goal that if nothing gets in its direction, it will manage man to his salvation. Consequently, on this record, the domain of Dharr doesn't repudiate man's through and through freedom and doesn't drive him to do anything, everything it does is set up the grounds and clear the way for the person to go the way he needs to. It is the conviction ('Aqedah) of deen that after death, humankind will enter a domain before the day of revival, which is known as Aalam-e-Barzakh. There are numerous groups in Islam who claim to be Muslims however don't have faith in Aalam-e-Barzakh.' This is a grave misjudging in the interest of these individuals. Demise is a definitive reality that no human can get away. It awes individuals and difficulties the majority of their false and freak convictions. It puts a conclusion to their desires for flourishing and accomplishment in this life. Once there, they have no chance to get of coming back to this life.
Abstract : At every crucial time many prophetic personalities arise for the upliftment of society, who can relieve the society from all damages and frustrations. Many Movements arise, like as Bhakti Movement of India, which produced devotional luminaries like Guru Nanak, Kabir, Meera Bai, Baba Bulleh Shah, Namdev etc. Similarly in Kashmir the Rishi Movement started for the betterment of society, Sheikh ul Alam laid its foundation, who first practiced himself then he preached. He made poetry as a means of propagation of his thought/preaching. His poetry belongs to classical Indian Literature and penetrated in our collective psyche and his verses have become proverbs of common folk. Rishi Movement in the traditional Kashmiri society that several of its unique social and religious characteristics were not regarded as an alien. The strength of its social authority not only lay in its denunciation of the Brahmanic notions of caste but, also, in the satisfaction that it gave to the spiritual instincts of the people in the Hindu-Buddhist environment of the valley. It is pertinent to say that Rishism had struck strong holds in Kashmir prior to the advent of Islam in the region. The anti-caste crusade was most forcefully articulated by the founder of the Muslim Rishi order, Shaikh Noor -ud -Din locally known as Alamdaar-i-Kashmir and Shaikh-ul-Aalam R.A
Mysticism in Islam is named “Sufism” or in Arabic it is called “Tasawwaf”. Some trace its etymology to Greeks and others to Turkey but Sufism and Tasawwaf is akin to Islam. The word ‘initiate’ serves to indicate that in order to embark on the spiritual path, a special rite of initiation is an indispensible prerequisite. It is known as ‘Biat’ or surrender to the Peer. Presently, there is a wide agreement that Sufism is the animated spirit of Islamic tradition and its origin is in the Quran and the teachings of the Prophet (SAW). 1 Mysticism is a concept of spirituality that makes its appearance, as an inward dimension and attempts to separate the mystical element from the religion, which is its outward support. It is a spiritual path that stands on two dimensions. The two dimensions are exoterism and esoterism. Both enjoy a relationship that is independent and also dependent. The relationship is described by Nicholson as the outward religion, known in Islam as ‘Sharia’ and inner truth may be likened to ‘Haqiqa’. Thus the mystical or ‘initiatic’ path (tariqa) may lead from outward observance to inner conviction, from belief to vision, from potency to act 2 .
An experiment was carried out with 12 days old tilapia (GIFT strain, Oreochromis niloticus) fry for a period of 42 days to determine the effect of different feeds on growth and survival of tilapia fry in synthetic hapa in pond. Five different diets with protein level of 17.94% in Treatment 1 (T 1 -control), 18.17% in Treatment 2 (T 2 ), 16.20% in Treatment 3 (T 3 )and16.19% in Treatment 4 (T 4 ) and 19.77% in T 5 were supplied. The highest and the lowest total length and weight 2.955 cm, 0.1735 g and 2.48 cm, 0.144 g were recorded for the fry fed with treatments T 5 and T 4 respectively. The maximum and minimum length and weight gains 2.05 cm, 0.16 g and 1.58 cm, 0.13 g were observed in fry fed with treatments T 5 and T 4 respectively. Growths of tilapia fry in terms of both length and weight under treatment T 5 were significantly (p0.01) higher than those of the other treatments. Treatment T 4 showed significant (p0.01) lowest growth performance among the five treatments. The highest survival (91.3%) rate and better growth were observed in fry fed with treatment T 5. The study suggests that T 5 feed where carbohydrate was partially replaced by protein percentage could be considered as a recommended feed for the growth and production of tilapia fry.
Climate variability is a phenomenal challenge to the citizens of the globe. It is noticeable from many documented studies that climate variability is taking place at an alarming rate. The globe has been experiencing an increase in temperature of approximately ≈ 0.2 0 C after every ten years for the last three decades. It is also established that rainfall increased significantly from 1900 to the 1950 then dropped from 1970 to present. The total sum of such extremes is a terribly affected livelihood in particular those living below the dollar. However, farmers in Matungulu West, in Machakos County Kenya have established their own measures and strategies to address the effects posed by climate variability. That informed the main objective of this study which was To determine adaptation measures and coping strategies being practiced by households in Matungulu West in Machakos County Kenya in addressing climate variability. A structured questionnaire which was developed and pre-tested was used to interview 380 randomly selected household heads to elicit information . Findings of the study indicate that most (52.2%) of the farmers have reduced or spread risks by replanting with early maturing maize, (26.4%) staggering planting dates, (2.9%) changing crops when replanting, (6.6%) grazing of failed parcels of land and (11.9%) carrying out varietal selection of stress resistant to suit the prevailing conditions. It was established further that (64.8%) of the respondents preferred early sowing as an adaptation option while (1.4%) indicated that they were practicing irrigation farming to combat climate variability . This study made a conclusion that there is a broad range of contrasting diversification strategies employed between different types of households headed by either females or males with the ownership or lack of ownership of cattle being a key factor that cuts across household types and which provided considerable additional flexibility.
