This study investigates the impact of integrating governance structure and performance management systems on the organization performance in Saudi Arabia’s healthcare sector. The research employs a causal investigative approach, grounded in agency theory, resource-dependency theory, and balanced scorecard principles, to explore how these systems enhance decision-making, accountability, and resource utilization. Primary data were collected through cross-sectional surveys targeting healthcare professionals across key regions in Saudi Arabia, supplemented by comprehensive literature reviews. The findings reveal a significant positive relationship between governance structures, performance management systems and organizational performance, with employee engagement and commitment as key mediators. With moderators such as organizational size and compliance with local regulations significantly influence this relationship. This integration fosters operational transparency, enhances patient satisfaction, and improves adaptability to the evolving Saudi healthcare market. It will have clear academic contribution as it addresses a significant gap in the existing literature concerning the integration of performance management and organizational governance systems within Saudi Arabia’s healthcare sector. In addition, it will provide Practical Implications as this study focuses on specific challenges and gaps in integrating governance and performance management systems. It provides actionable recommendations which will promote accountability, transparency, and efficient resource allocation. By leveraging digital tools like Hospital Information Systems, these systems enable real-time performance tracking and data-driven decision-making. The study will act as supportive tool to healthcare leaders and policymakers to cultivate a culture of performance excellence, optimize resource allocation, and achieve sustainable strategic objectives which will reflect on improving patient outcomes which will be aligned with the Saudi Arabia’s Vision 2030.
The global fast-food industry continues to grow rapidly, driven by evolving consumer preferences and heightened competition. Ensuring customer satisfaction is essential for long-term success, as satisfied customers are more likely to remain loyal, recommend the restaurant, and revisit. This conceptual paper investigates how customer satisfaction mediates the relationship between service quality and restaurant environment in influencing revisit intentions at fast-food outlets in Malaysia’s Klang Valley. Using the DINESERV framework, this study conceptually explains the interplay among these constructs and highlights their implications for enhancing customer loyalty and operational excellence in the fast-food industry.
This conceptual paper explores the user experience factors influencing customer loyalty in the mobile food delivery apps (MFDA) industry in Klang Valley, Malaysia, with a particular focus on customer satisfaction as a mediating factor. Using the TAM and M-S-Qual models, the research examines key user experience factors — perceived ease-of-use, perceived usefulness, and mobile service quality on users attitudinal and behavioral loyalty. It highlights the gaps between users’ unmet expectations and the challenges of retaining customers. By offering insights for user experience designers and industry stakeholders, it contributes to the development of user experience strategies that facilitate the overall usage experience and MFDA competitiveness.
This conceptual paper explores the factors influencing the users’ adoption of Industry 4.0 technologies in the manufacturing industry in Jiangsu Province, China, with a particular focus on government intervention as a mediating factor. Using the UTAUT and TTF models, the research examines key internal factors—performance expectancy, effort expectancy, social influence and facilitating conditions—alongside external factor such as technology compatibility. It would highlight gaps between policy initiatives and practical adoption challenges, investigating the role of financial incentives, regulations, and training programs in accelerating technological transformation. By offering insights for policymakers and industry stakeholders, it contributes to the development of targeted strategies that facilitate Industry 4.0 adoption and enhance China’s manufacturing competitiveness.
This article explores contemporary strategic planning methods for developing premium international consumer brands with high added value. The primary objective is to outline key planning stages, focusing on strategic positioning, business insights, and environmental analysis. The study establishes a framework to help international organizations achieve sustainable growth and maximize their premium brands' potential in diverse markets. The findings highlight that effective strategic planning, complemented by continuous evaluation, is crucial for long-term success in a competitive global environment.
Many African countries face difficult choices in managing the size of their public sector wage bill, which poses an acute threat to fiscal and macro-economic stability. The wage bill accounts for a growing share of government expenditures across Southern Africa and threatens to stifle the government's normal operations. The high public sector wage bill compromises service delivery because a substantial amount is committed to employees' salaries and benefits. Governments need to restrain the rising public sector wage personnel expenditure while at the same time taking into account the government's significant priorities as far as development is concerned. Most countries worldwide that struggle to compete effectively in the global economy review their compensation practices to return to fiscal balance. The proper control over the public purse is fundamental to any responsible government. This includes all spheres of government such as National, Provincial and Local Government. Government departments must focus on delivering quality public services by effectively managing their wage bill through adequate fiscal planning and employment flexibility. In addition, with the rise of technological innovation, governments need to relook at the size of public service and alternative service delivery approaches that will drastically lower the wage bill without hampering the provisioning of services. The paper aims to formulate a strategy to confine the government's escalating wage bill by strengthening resource planning, estimating, costing, budgeting, and controlling personnel expenditure. The setting for this study is Limpopo Province in South Africa. Empirical data were collected by administering semi-structured interviews, and the gathered data were thematically presented and analyzed.
Model selection is an important factor in the non-homogeneous poisson process used to determine the reliability of a machine. In this article, the most commonly used power law model and log-linear model in the non-homogeneous poisson process are compared. For the reliability of a bank's ATM machine, the reliability values and expected failure numbers were calculated according to both models by using the times between failures. The obtained values were compared and it was decided which model was the better choice.
Forensic accounting plays a crucial role in legal proceedings, particularly in cases of financial crime and complex financial transactions. Forensic accountants work alongside legal professionals to investigate financial misconduct, provide expert opinions and testimony, and assist in settlement negotiations and dispute resolution processes. With the increasing complexity of financial transactions and the rise of financial crime, forensic accounting is becoming more important in the legal field. Forensic accountants can also assist in due diligence investigations, bankruptcy proceedings, and the assessment of damages and financial risk. By providing valuable information and analysis, forensic accountants help legal professionals build stronger cases and improve the integrity of financial reporting.Forensic accounting can assist legal professionals in various areas such as fraud investigations, business valuation, intellectual property disputes, breach of contract and shareholder disputes. They can also assist in bankruptcy and insolvency proceedings, assess damages and analyze financial records and transactions to uncover potential evidence.
The study is to assess the level of preference in dining establishments of mall-goers in Bohol. Specifically, the study sought to answer the respondent’s profile in terms of the age, gender, nationality and income. Moreover, the perceived level of preference of mall-goers and problems encountered during their dining experience, the significant relationship and difference between their profiles and level of preference were assessed. In the views thereof, the study would propose a program to retain customer satisfaction and loyalty in the service offered by establishment. This study utilized descriptive-correlational method of research using a survey questionnaire to determine the level of preference of customer in dining establishments. The sample size was 50 mall-goers using purposive sampling. The locale of the survey was in Tagbilaran City as a hub of commerce and lone city of the province of Bohol where we can find the Island City Mall. The survey used a researcher made survey questionnaire which was composed of three parts: profile, level of preference of mall-goers in terms of food variation and taste, service personnel, price and ambience based on the Likert rating scale. Treatment of data were done using frequency count and per cent distribution; weighted mean and ranking; regression; and one-way ANOVA. Results showed that most of the respondents were young adults with ages below 20 years old, mostly were females and Asian with below P10, 000.00 income. Furthermore, it showed that customers have problems with the staffs because of their slow and not good service. This amplified the hypothesis that there is a significant relationship between the respondent’s profiles in terms of age, gender, and nationality with their level of preference, and there is a significant difference between the respondent’s profile in terms of income and their level of preference. It was concluded that respondents highly preferred all of the attributes in a dining establishment in terms of food variation and taste, service personnel, price, and ambience. Finally, with the findings of the study, it was recommended that management should conduct seminars and trainings for job enrichment, motivational patterns and goal consciousness for food and drink provision.
Since the release of its home console, the "Wii," Nintendo had fought mostly successfully off the competition in the gaming market by using a blue ocean strategy. The blue ocean strategy is the idea to create new market space with no or minimal competition through differentiation, low cost, and innovation. It is the idea to not compete against the competition but to create new demand and make the competition irrelevant instead. Nintendo's first step in pursuing the blue ocean strategy was to get out of the Red Ocean, to create demand where there was none before, and making to competition primarily irrelevant. To do this, Nintendo needed to disrupt the market. This study intends to analyze Nintendo's journey from the Nintendo Wii's success to the less successful Nintendo Wii U, to its hybrid console Nintendo Switch's current triumph from the point of view of the blue ocean strategy. How it made innovative ideas, social gaming, health, and the simple but most important factor of gaming fun, its primary goal, often going against mainstream ideas, reinventing itself but still staying loyal to its core customers. These factors, a significant software catalog with a broad spectrum of available games, and targeting casual gamers contributed to Nintendo's success that brought it back to the gaming industry's top.
This paper presentation is an attempt to understand the challenges and issues in protecting livelihood assets in relation to forest gathering of tribal communities in Kerala. The concept of protection of livelihood assets is one of the core concept of livelihood recovery processes necessitated basically in the event of calamities and other adverse events. The guidance note published by the UNDP on recovery processes is a detailed document on this topic. Forest gathering in Kerala is slowly dying out and is in a stage warranting immediate intervention for revival as if it is affected by adverse events. This study is therefore concentrated on identifying the livelihood assets based on Sustainable Livelihood Framework (SLF), which is a tool developed based on Sustainable Livelihood Approach (SLA) formulated by Chambers & Conway, in 1991. The assets thus identified, in the broad classes of Human, Social, Natural Physical and Financial assets, are Skilled Human resources, Aboriginal Knowledge and Gathering Skills, Tribal Cooperatives and other self-help groups, Forest resources, Forest Dwelling Rights, other related Infrastructure Facilities and Cash Assistances. Each of this assets are discussed primarily based on hands-on experience and exposure of the paper presenter as an official associated with the operations of tribal cooperative sector in Kerala for a period of 5 years and wherever necessary historical data, related literatures and governmental reports are relied. Based on the discussions, reviews, and analysis of data, this paper put forth its findings and conclusions to the intended audience for necessary remedial steps and future studies.
During the Covid-19 pandemic period the tiny particles - the microchips proved to be in high demand by various industries – from IT to the production of simple consumer goods. Main objective of this analysis is to explain the reasons for the shortage of chips and semi-conductors for the automotive industry as the auto maker resumed their activities after the lock downs. Haltering of orders by the major auto producer and rerouting of chip production towards supplies for the electronic industry which proved willing to pay more are the main reasons. Trade specialization and globalization which are endemic for the contemporary world economy do not help to restore the broken supply-demand equilibrium of microchips.
The literature has widely recognized the influence of e-business tools on business and operational performance. Some recent studies, however, suggested that researchers need to focus on exploring specific conditions that enable organizations to effectively translate their investment in developing e-business tools and practices into positive business performance and achieve up-normal return on investment. Using the contingency perspective of the firm, this paper argues that the link between e-business practices and organizational performance is influenced to a large extent by the internal and external environment within which an organization operates. That is, e-business tools and/practices does not per se lead to positive performance and rather the effectiveness of these tools/practices will improve if certain internal and external factors are satisfied. This theoretical believe is discussed, theoretically, in this paper using findings of previous studies on the relationship between e-business and performance. Some theoretical and practical implications are highlighted at the end of the paper to provide researchers and decision makes new insights on how and/or when e- business tools can lead to good performance.
This study aims to test and find out how the influence between relationships of personality factors and contextual element to entrepreneurship decision making through characteristics entrepreneurial. This type of research is a quantitative-qualitative approach (Mixed Methode). The population in the study was the overall micro small and medium enterprises MSMEs which amounted to 8,756 people / businesses. The sample used in this study using probability sampling was obtained by a sample of 382 respondents / businesses while informants amounted to 3 people who were determined using technical purposive sampling that had the capacity as a key informant in accordance with the criteria.The analytical technique used in hypothesis testing is to use SEM (Structural Equation Modeling) analysis with the help of the AMOS Ver,- program,-. The results of quantitative research and transcripts of the interview process conducted at qualitative stages analyzed descriptively showed that the influence of indirectly personality factors had a significant effect on characteristics entrepreneurial, contextual element had a significant effect on entrepreneurial characteristics. The direct influence of personality factors has a significant effecat on entrepreneurship decisions, contextual element has a significant effect on entrepreneurship decisions and characteristics entrepreneurial have a significant effect on entrepreneurship decisions.
This paper researched the impact of factors related to Social Media Advertising on Attitude towards Social Media Advertising and Purchase Intention. Data was collected by online form, the sample size is 235. Amos 20.0 was used to analyze the relations among factors in the Structural Equation Model. Eight of thirteen hypothesizes are accepted. This research shows a positive relation between Attitude towards Social Media Advertising and Purchase Intention. Irritation had a negative effect on Attitude towards Social Media Advertising. This study also found the positive relation of some variance couples such as Information and Attitude, Entertainment and Attitude, Credibility and Attitude, Social role and Attitude, Entertainment and Purchase Intention, Interaction and Purchase Intention.
In service oriented businesses, interactions between service providers and customers are inevitable. These interactions create impressions in the minds of the parties which to some extent define patronage outcome. For a meaningful outcome, an understanding of the creators of satisfactory patronage is germane. This study investigates the influence of customers’ encounters in defining the outcome of hotel patronage. This study adopted a cross-sectional design using a structured questionnaire survey of guests of 3 star and above rated hotels in Yenagoa, Bayelsa state Nigeria .Four hundred copies of questionnaire were distributed in ten strategically selected hotels, and 290 copies were found useful. This represents about 73% response rate . The SPSS 23.0 statistical software package were used for data analysis. Multiple regression analysis and Pearson correlation was employed to test the formulated hypotheses at 5% significance level. This study reports that youth are in majority of hotel patrons. Empirical analysis further reveals that all the dimensions of service encounters reports a significant relationship with word- of- mouth recommendations. Furthermore, the regression analysis reveals that peace of mind, moment of truth, outcome focus and product experience could explain about 53% variation in patronage outcome. The paper conclude that all the dimensions of customer experience has a significant influence on word- of- mouth recommendations of guests. This paper recommend among others things the training and retraining of service personnel. This training should equip frontline employees with the requisite skills that would enable them create and manage pleasurable experiences.
From the experience and opinions of YouBike users, this study aims to investigate their experiential motivation, customer satisfaction and re-rent intention. The purposes of the study includes: (a) explore the actual use situation of YouBike in Taiwan colleges; (b) understand the correlation between experiential motivation, customer satisfaction and re-rent intention of YouBike users in Taiwan colleges; (c) understand whether there is a significant influence on experiential motivation, customer satisfaction and re-rent intention of YouBike users in Taiwan colleges. In this study, the questionnaire survey was conducted. The objects were YouBike users on campus in Taiwan. Descriptive analysis, Independent-Sample t test, and Regression Analysis were used as the statistical analysis. All the results were analyzed by SPSS statistical software. The results show that: The majority of YouBike users are the students with regular exercise habits (around one to two times a week); most college students rent YouBike less than 4 times a month and they usually spend less than 4 hours riding YouBike as short-distance transportation. At last, the regression analysis was implemented and revealed that there is a significant correlation between experiential motivation, customer satisfaction, and re-rent intention. Therefore, the better the degree of satisfaction after riding the bike, the more re-rent intention is. At the end, recommendations were made for future improvements.
This case study examines the business of an oil and gas company, EMP, in a time of crisis: the management had to downsize operations to survive in an unpredictable situation. The management was implementing new internal policies that would have an impact on its corporate social responsibility (CSR) programs. However, the rules and beliefs of the institutional environment have the potential to influence the management change process at EMP. Aside from external rules and beliefs, the persistence of the social service ethos within the company, inherited from the past, explains the lack of management changes. An explanatory case study approach was adopted, mostly consisting of semi-structured interviews and document analysis. The research strategy borrows the institutional logic approach based on situational reasons for variation in organizational practices, which determine how multiple logics are addressed. In essence, EMP must resolve the tension between production demands and CSR efforts. As a result, management reform occurs in a research setting where social programs and production goals coexist. Keywords: Oil crisis, Oil and Gas Company, CSR, Case Study, Change Management. JEL Classification: L2, M41, R11
Among the realm of entrepreneurship study, the entrepreneurial process in tourist sector actors in general is still generally overlooked. The link between tourism and entrepreneurship is a separate subject that is not handled in any way that capitalizes on the natural synergies between the two areas. The purpose of this research is to investigate and analyze the link between entrepreneurial behavior, customer interactions, competitive strategy, and competitiveness. A quantitative method is used in this investigation. There were 138 participants in the study, the researchers employed the complete sampling approach, which involved surveying the entire population. A survey was used to gather data, and a data collection instrument in the form of a questionnaire was used. In order to gain a better understanding of the causal link between factors, the study was supplemented by interviews. Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) is used as an analytical tool in this work. The findings indicate that (1) entrepreneurial behavior has a positive and significant impact on the competitiveness of 4-star hotels; (2) customer relations have a positive and significant impact on the competitiveness of 4-star hotels; (3) competitive strategy has a positive and significant impact on the competitiveness of four-star hotels; and (4) entrepreneurial behavior has a positive and significant impact on the competitiveness of four-star hotels. (7) Competitive tactics for customer interactions have a good and considerable influence on the competitiveness of four-star hotels in Makassar City.
The literature has widely recognized the influence of e-business tools on business and operational performance. Some recent studies, however, suggested that researchers need to focus on exploring specific conditions that enable organizations to effectively translate their investment in developing e-business tools and practices into positive business performance and achieve up-normal return on investment. Using the contingency perspective of the firm, this paper argues that the link between e-business practices and organizational performance is influenced to a large extent by the internal and external environment within which an organization operates. That is, e-business tools and/practices does not per se lead to positive performance and rather the effectiveness of these tools/practices will improve if certain internal and external factors are satisfied. This theoretical believe is discussed, theoretically, in this paper using findings of previous studies on the relationship between e-business and performance. Some theoretical and practical implications are highlighted at the end of the paper to provide researchers and decision makes new insights on how and/or when e- business tools can lead to good performance.
