Objective To investigate the correlation between K-ras gene mutation and colorectal cancer.Methods The specimens of 89 patients with colorectal cancer were collected.K-ras mutations of exon 2 were examined by real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR at codon 12 and codon 13.The results were correspondingly analysed with clinical pathological data.Results K-ras mutations were found in 37 cases.The mutation rate was 41.6%.In 29 cases,mutations occurred in codon 12,and the mutation rate was 32.6%.Mutations occurred in codon 13 in 8 specimens with 9.0% mutation rate.No correlation between K-ras mutation and tumor location or differentiation extent was observed.The K-ras mutation rate was related to the infiltrating degree,lymph node metastasis and hepatic metastasis.Conclusion K-ras mutation plays an important role in the carcinogenesis and development of colorectal cancer,which is closely associated with invaded lymph nodes and hepatic metastasis.
Objective To investigate the effect of pinobanksin-3-acetate( PB3A) on RGS2 and GEM gene expression in colorectal cancer SW480 cells. Methods Human colorectal cancer SW480 cells were cultured with 100 mg/L PB3 A. The expression of RGS2 and GEM mRNA and proteins was determined by real time fluorescence quantification RTPCR and Western blot,respectively. Results Treatment of PB3 A in SW480 cells resulted in the suspension of cell debris and the reduction,rounding and shrinking of cells. The expression of both RGS2 and GEM mRNA and proteins was significantly increased in SW480 cells after treated with PB3A( all P 0. 05). The expression of RGS2 mRNA was closely correlated with GEM( r = 0. 929,P 0. 01). Conclusion PB3 A up-regulates the mRNA and protein expression of RGS2 and GEM genes in human colorectal cancer SW480 cells,which may be associated with its anticancer effects.
Objective To investigate stromal caveolin-1(Cav-1) protein expression and its correlation with autophagy marker-microtubule associated protein light chain 3(LC3B) in human esophageal squamous cell carcinoma(SCC) and its clinicopathologic significance.Methods Quantum dots immunofluorescent histochemistry was used to detect the expression of stromal Cav-1 and LC3B in 76 cases of esophageal SCC and 15 samples of noncancerous esophageal mucous epithelium tissues.Results The positive rates of stromal Cav-1 and LC3B proteins in esophageal SCC were both significantly lower than those in noncancerous esophageal mucous epithelium tissues(28.9% vs 100.0%,64.5% vs100.0%,both P 0.05).Stromal Cav-1 protein expression was siginificantly correlated with TNM stage and lymph node metastasis(P 0.05),but not correlated with other clinicopathologic parameters(P 0.05).LC3B protein level was associated with tumor invasive depth,clinical TNM stage and lymph node metastasis(P 0.05).There was a positive correlation between stromal Cav-1 and LC3B in esophageal SCC tissues(r = 0.353,P 0.05).Conclusion Absent expression of stromal Cav-1 and LC3B proteins may synergistically promote the development and malignant progression of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.
The clinical data of 5 cases of head and neck solitary fibrous tumor( SFT) were reviewed retrospectively. There were 3 males and 2 females. CT findings showed solitary masses with well-defined margin and homogeneous density. On enhanced CT scans the tissue displayed distinct intensity. Complete resection was performed in 5patients. The diagnosis was confirmed by post-operative pathology and the expression of CD34 and Vimentin in tumor cells were immunohistochemically positive in all cases. In a follow-up of 6- 25 months,no patients presented recurrence.
Objective To investigate the relationship of the expression of BAG-1 and p53 and the efficacy of neoadjuvant chemotherapy in patients with stage Ⅲ non-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC).Methods Fifty seven patients with stage Ⅲ NSCLC receiving neo-adjuvant chemotherapy were enrolled in the study.The expression of BAG-1 and p53 was detected by immunohistochemistry and the correlation of the expression of BAG-1 and p53 and the response rate of chemotherapy was analyzed.Results The expression of BAG-1 was significantly correlated with the differentiated degree of NSCLC(P 0.05).The expression of BAG-1 and p53 was not correlated with each other(r =-0.136,P 0.05).The expression of both BAG-1 and p53 was not correlated with the efficacy of neo-adjuvant chemotherapy(P 0.05).Conclusion The expression of BAG-1 and p53 has no correlation with the response rate of neo-adjuvant chemotherapy in patients with stage Ⅲ NSCLC.
Objective To evaluate the application of neck dissection in supraglottic carcinoma.Methods The clinical data of 448 patients with supraglottic carcinoma were retrospectively reviewed.There were 2 cases of T1,175 cases of T2,140 cases of T3and 131 cases of T4.There were 173 N + cases(38.6%).One hundred and seventy three cases underwent partial laryngectomy and 275 cases underwent total laryngectomy.Simultaneous neck dissection was undertaken in396 cases(168 unilateral,228 bilateral),accounting for 88.4% of total cases.Two hundred and twenty three N0cases underwent modified radical neck dissection,173 N + cases underwent radical neck dissection and 52 N0cases did not undergo neck dissection.Results The 3-and 5-year survival rates were 75.2%(337 /448) and 52.2%(234 /448)respectively.The 3-and 5-year survival rates of N0cases were 78.9%(217 /275) and 69.8%(192 /275) respectively,while those of N + patients were 69.4%(120 /173) and 24.3%(42 /173) respectively.The differences between them were statistically significant(P 0.05,P 0.01).The 5-year survival rates of stage Ⅰ and Ⅱpatients and stage Ⅲ and Ⅳpatients were 76.4%(94 /123) and 43.1%(140 /325),respectively(P 0.01).The 5-year survival rate of patients with twice neck dissection due to neck metastasis was 34.1%(15 /44).Conclusion The outcome of early stage supraglottic carcinoma is much better than that of late stage.In N0supraglottic carcinoma simultaneous selective neck dissection is important for outcome improvement.
Objective To evaluate the efficacy of intratumoral injection of Elemene emulsion in treatment of liver cancer. Methods Fifty-nine patients with liver cancer were assigned to receive ultrasound-guided intratumoral injection of Elemene emulsion( study group,n = 26) or intravenous infusion of Elemene emulsion( control group,n = 33). The tumor size and quality of life in both groups were evaluated after 3 cycles of treatment( 21 d per cycle). Results Compared with control group,the rates of mass reduction and mass echo enhancement in study group were both significantly higher( 57.7%,76.9% vs 24.2%,30.3%; both P 0.001). The reduction ratio of tumor blood flow signal,the reduction rate of tumor blood flow peak velocity and the decrease rate of tumor blood flow resistance index in study group were all significantly higher than those in control group( 61. 5%,34. 6%,34. 6% vs 30. 3%,18. 2%,21. 2%; all P 0. 01). CR,PR,SD,PD,liver pain remission rate,quality of life score and progression free survival in study group were all higher than those in control group( all P 0. 05). Conclusion The efficacy of intratumoral injection of Elemene emulsion in treatment of liver cancer is satisfactory.
Objective To investigate the effect of Kiwi essence on the metastasis of lung adenocarcinoma in mice and its mechanism.Methods Forty C57 BL/6J mice bearing Lewis lung adenocarcinoma were randomized into 5 groups:control group,high-dose Kiwi essence group,GP chemotherapy group,low-dose Kiwi essence plus chemotherapy group and high-dose Kiwi essence plus chemotherapy group.Appropriate drug intervention was given to mice in each group.Twenty days after inoculation,the mice were sacrificed,lung metastasis was observed;the protein and mRNA expression of Tcadherin and heparanase in tumor was detected by immunohistochemistry and RT-PCR,respectively.Results The metastatic nodules of lung in treatment groups were significantly less than those in control group(all P 0.05);metastatic nodules were significantly less in high-dose Kiwi essence plus chemotherapy group than those in other groups(all P 0.01).The suppressing rate of metastasis was significantly increased in high-dose Kiwi essence group and high-dose Kiwi essence plus chemotherapy group compared to other groups(all P 0.01).Compared to control group,the expression of Tcadherin protein and mRNA was significantly increased in low-dose Kiwi essence plus chemotherapy group,high-dose Kiwi essence group and high-dose Kiwi essence plus chemotherapy group(all P 0.01).Compared to control group,the expression of heparanase protein and mRNA was significantly reduced in low-dose Kiwi essence plus chemotherapy group,high-dose Kiwi essence group and high-dose Kiwi essence plus chemotherapy group(all P 0.01).Conclusion Kiwi essence can significantly inhibit the metastasis of lung adenocarcinoma in mice,which may be associated with the upregulation of T-cadherin expression and the down-regulation of heparanase expression.
Objective To investigate the clinical features,pathomorphology,immunohistochemical characteristics and prognosis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor(SPT) of pancreas.Methods The clinical presentation,pathological and immunohistochemical characteristics of 36 SPT cases were analyzed.Results In all SPT cases,abdominal pain was the major complain.The tumor was located in pancreatic head in 15 patients(41.7%),in pancreatic body in 5 patients(13.9%),in pancreatic body and tail in 9 patients(25.0%),in pancreatic tail in 7 patients(19.4%).Histologically,the tumor was mainly composed of solid and pseudopapillary structures with a fibrovascular core.Immunohistochemically,the expression of β-catenin,CD10,CD56 and Vim was 94.4%,80.6%,83.3% and 91.7%.Thirty-two patients were available for follow-up examination from 3 to 96 months and 30 were alive and disease free.One case had recurrence and one case suffered from liver metastasis.None of them died of tumor after reoperation.Conclusion SPT is an uncommon tumor with low-grade malignancy and may be derived from pancreatic embryonic stem cells.Immunohistochemistry is very important for the diagnosis and differential diagnosis of SPT.Surgical resection is recommended and the prognosis is better.
Objective To discuss the diagnosis and treatment of thyroid cancer with total thyroidectomy.Methods The clinical data of 83 cases of thyroid carcinoma treated with total thyroidectomy were analyzed retrospectively.The followup lasted for 1- 5 years.Results Sixty-seven cases had primary operation and 16 had secondary operation.Forty-eight cases were given131Iodine therapy after surgery.Thyroxin was administrated to all patients.Seventy-five cases were followed up and 2 died of recurrence.Conclusion It is important to have preoperative evaluation for making treatment plan.Total thyroidectomy with appropriate131Iodine ablation,and thyroxin inhibitory therapy for patients with thyroid cancer can be beneficial to life quality without compromising survival.
Objective To investigate the expression of miR-126 in lung cancer and the relationship with cancer cell cycle regulation and to analyze the effect of miR-126 expression on postoperative survival of patients with lung cancer.Methods miR-126 expression was detected in lung carcinoma cell line A549 and lung cancer tissues from 49 cases by real-time quantitative RT-PCR; A549 cells were transfected with miR-126 expression vector and cell viability and cell cycle were determined by MTT and flow cytometry,respectively; Kaplan Meier curves and log-rank analysis were used to compare the differences in disease-free survival( DFS) and overall survival( OS) between high and low miR-126 expression groups.Results The expression of miR-126 was lower in A549 cells( 2. 10 ± 0. 67) and after transfection of miR-126 expression vector,the expression level of miR-126 was increased( 12. 33 ± 1. 67); The cell viability of A549 cells 96 h after transfection of miR-126 was( 68. 33 ± 6. 67) %,significantly lower than that of parental A549 cells( 105. 33 ± 8. 58) %( P 0. 001); Compared with parental A549 cells( G0/G1phase: 37. 48 ± 3. 28; S phase: 62. 03 ± 5. 23),miR-126-transfected A549 cells showed an increase in G0/G1phase( 53. 67 ± 6. 06) and a decrease in S phase( 43. 21 ± 3. 75),P 0. 001; miR-126 expression level was significantly lower in lung cancer tissues( 12. 41 ± 4. 34) than that in lung tissues adjacent to cancer( 23. 29 ± 6. 28),P 0. 001; DFS and OS were significantly higher in the group with high miR-126 level than those in the low level group( P 0. 01,P 0. 001). Conclusion miR-126 plays an important role in the oncogenesis and development of lung cancer and may be an optional target for lung cancer therapy.
Objective To investigate the expression of inflammatory factors of Toll like receptor(TLR) signaling pathway in colorectal carcinoma.Methods The expression of TLR2,nuclear factor κB(NF-κB) and interleukin-8(IL-8)was detected by immunohistochemistry in 56 samples of colorectal cancer,36 samples of colorectal adenoma tissue and 56samples of pericancerous normal colorectal tissue.The correlation of TLR2,NF-κB and IL-8 expression with clinicopathological features of colorectal cancer was analyzed.Results In colorectal carcinoma tissue,adjacent normal colorectal tissue and colorectal adenoma tissue,the positive expression rates of TLR2 were 71.4%,42.9% and 58.3%,the positive rates of NF-κB were 78.6%,46.4% and 83.3%,and the positive rates of IL-8 were 75.0%,46.4% and72.2%,respectively(all P 0.05).The expression of NF-κB was closely correlated with the expression of TLR2 and IL-8(P 0.05).In addition,the expression of TLR2 was correlated with tumor differentiation,lymph node metastasis and clinical stages(P 0.05).The expression of NF-κB and IL-8 was correlated with vascular invasion,lymph node metastasis and clinical stages(P 0.05).Conclusion Overexpression of inflammatory factors of Toll like receptor signaling pathway is closely correlated with the biological behavior of colorectal cancer,suggesting that TLR signaling pathway may be involved in the pathogenesis and development of colorectal cancer.
Objective To evaluate the value of 18F-FDG PET/CT scans in detecting Langenhans cell histiocytosis(LCH) involved organs before chemotherapy and to investigate the treatment effect after chemotherapy.Methods Fourteen cases from 1 to 14 years with Langenhans cell histiocytosis confirmed by pathology,underwent whole body18F-FDG PET/CT scans.Three cases had LCH involved organs detected before chemotherapy;7 had curative effect evaluated after chemotherapy;4 had curative effect compared before and after chemotherapy.Results Three cases had lymph node enlargement and18F-FDG uptake increased on both sides of neck before chemotherapy,with bones destroyed and18F-FDG uptake increased at different locations.Among 7 cases evaluated after chemotherapy,tumor activity was totally inactivated in 6 cases,only one still had high-activity tumour tissue.Among 4 cases with curative effect compared before and after chemotherapy,tumor activity in 2 cases was inactivated after chemotherapy,focal uptake of18F-FDG was reduced in 1 case and new focus was found in 1 case.Conclusion18F-FDG PET/CT scan is valuable in detecting Langenhans cell histiocytosis involved organs before chemotherapy and evaluating curative effect after chemotherapy.
Objective To systematically evaluate the efficacy and safety of temozolomide combined with whole brain radiotherapy for brain metastasis of malignant tumors.Methods Pub Med,The Cochrane Library,Web of Knowledge,CBM,CNKI and Wan Fang databases were searched to collect randomized clinical trials(RCTs) on brain metastasis of malignant tumors treated with temozolomide plus whole brain radiotherapy vs whole brain radiotherapy alone from inception to March 1st,2014.References of included studies were also retrieved.Two reviewers independently screened studies according to exclusion and inclusion criteria,extracted data and assessed methodological quality.Meta-analysis was performed using Rev Man 5.2 software.Results Ten trials were included involving 584 patients.The results of metaanalysis showed that compared with radiotherapy alone group,temozolomide combined with radiotherapy improved short-term effects(OR = 4.27,95% CI:2.67 ~ 6.83,P 0.00001),yet it increased the incidence of gastrointestinal reactions(OR =1.78,95% CI:1.11 ~ 2.85,P = 0.02).No significant difference was observed in the incidences of headache(OR = 1.34,95% CI:0.82 ~ 2.18,P = 0.24),white blood cell decline(OR = 1.41,95% CI:0.81 ~ 2.44,P = 0.22) and platelet decline(OR = 2.26,95% CI:0.82 ~ 6.20,P = 0.11) between two groups.Conclusion Compared with whole brain radiotherapy alone,temozolomide combined with whole brain radiotherapy can improve clinical efficacy for brain metastasis of malignant tumor.
Objective To investigate thioredoxin reductase( TrxR) activity in lung cancer and its clinical significance. Methods Plasma TrxR activity was detected in 50 cases of lung cancer and 50 healthy subjects. Results TrxR activity in the plasma of patients with lung cancer was significantly higher than that of healthy subjects( P 0. 05).The average TrxR activity levels of lung adenocarcinoma,squamous cell carcinoma,small cell lung cancer were( 3. 96 ±5. 22) U /mL,( 6. 31 ± 6. 20) U /mL and( 6. 98 ± 7. 04) U /mL( P 0. 05). Conclusion Plasma TrxR activity is higher in lung cancer and it is not different in various histological types of lung cancer.
Objective To compare the value of vacuum-assisted biopsy(VAB) and core needle biopsy(CNB) in the diagnosis of breast diseases by meta-analysis.Methods Articles reporting the application of VAB and CNB in the diagnosis of breast diseases were searched by Pub Med,Cochrane Library,CNKI,VIP,Wan-fang and other databases.Study quality was assessed and data extraction was performed.Statistic analysis was performed with meta-analysis.Results Five clinical studies involving 1 741 patients were included in the analysis.The results showed VAB was better in sensitivity(P= 0.003),misdiagnosis rate(P = 0.0005) and underdiagnosis rate(P = 0.0006),while there was no difference in specificity between VAB and CNB(P = 0.69).Conclusion For the diagnosis of breast diseases,VAB is better than CNB in sensitivity,misdiagnosis rate and underdiagnosis rate.
Objective To evaluate the efficacy and adverse effect of hemocoagulase in laparoscopic radical gastrectomy for gastric cancer. Methods Twenty-eight patients with gastric cancer undergoing laparoscopic radical gastrectomy were assigned to hemocoagulase group and control group randomly. Hemostatic time,hemorrhagic volume,total drainage volume 3 d after operation and coagulation function were measured and compared between two groups. Results Hemostatic time,hemorrhagic volume and total drainage volume 3 d after operation in hemocoagulase group were all significantly reduced compared to control group( all P 0. 05). There were no significant differences in coagulation function before and after operation in two groups( P 0. 05). Conclusion Hemocoagulase is effective and safe in preventing and treating bleeding during and after laparoscopic radical gastrectomy for gastric cancer.
Objective To evaluate the role of genetic factor on the occurrence and inheritance pattern of esophageal carcinoma in Wuwei County.Methods In this population based case-control study,225 patients diagnosed with esophageal cancer and 225 matched healthy controls in Wuwei were recruited.Binominal distribution(p + q)nwas used in a mathematical simulation model for familial aggregation of esophageal carcinoma,with χ2in a proper test.The segregation ratio of esophageal carcinoma was calculated with Li-Mantel-Gart' s method.The inheritance pattern was estimated by Penrose' s method.The heritability was calculated with Falconer's method.Results The distribution of esophageal carcinoma in the patients' families exceeded the range of binomial distribution(χ2= 50.36,P 0.01).The segregation ratio of esophageal carcinoma was 0.0643,significantly less than 0.25.Monogenic dominance simple segregation analysis with segregation ratio of 0.50 showed χ2= 645.97,P 0.01.Monogenic recessive simple segregation analysis with segregation ratio of 0.25 showed χ2= 193.20,P 0.01.The heritability of first degree relatives was(24.29 ± 0.46) %.Conclusion Familial aggregation has been proved in esophageal cancer in Wuwei population.The inheritance pattern of esophageal carcinoma belongs to polygenetics mode.Genetic factor is significantly related to enhanced risk of esophageal carcinoma,which accounts for about a quarter of the risk factors.
Objective To compare the effect of different antigen retrieval methods of immunohistochemistry in detection of p16 and cyclin D1 in cervical squamous epithelial lesions.Methods Expression of p16 and cyclin D1 was detected by immunohistochemistry in 45 tissue specimens of cervical squamous epithelial lesions.Four antigen retrieval methods were applied in immunohistochemistry.Groups A and B use EDTA as repairing fluid,with B using pressure cooker for 1.5 min;Groups C and D use citrate buffer(CB) and pressure cooker for 1.5 min and 3 min respectively.Wilcoxon nonparametric test was used for comparison.Results There was no significant difference in p16 detection between methods A and B or methods C and D(P 0.05).There were significant differences in p16 expression in lesions of both CIN class Ⅰ and Ⅱ between methods B and C(P = 0.001;P = 0.028).There was no difference in the expression of cyclin D1 among 4 antigen repair methods.The positive staining was located in the cervical basal nuclei,a small number of cervical columnar epithelial cells and all levels of cervical lesions near the basal cell area;but the express strength of cyclin D1 when using EDTA was stronger than that using CB.Staining was the strongest in method B with intense background staining and generally colored cytoplasm.In method A positive signal was slightly diminished,contrast was marked and endochylema was occasionally stained.Conclusion Immunohistochemical staining of p16 in cervical lesions by using CB for antigen retrieval may reflect the evolution of lesions more clearly.
