In recent decades, memristive systems, synthesized on the basis of the fourth passive electrical element, the memristor, are developed. A memristor is a controlled resistor with memory, its resistance is nonlinearly dependent on the history of the current change in it. The application of memristor systems is wide, for example, memory devices, neuromorphic systems, neural networks, nanoelectronics devices used for various purposes. This diversity is due to the advantages of memristive systems (compactness, energy efficiency, high performance). Memristors are created using new materials and technologies. As a result, there are difficulties in their analytical and numerical modeling. The main mathematical models of memristors, their advantages and disadvantages, the possibility of implementation in LTspice are represented.
The process of developing electronic devices includes the decomposition of large functional devices into smaller ones, the subsequent analysis of their implementation options and the selection of the most suitable ones according to various criteria, such as price and quality. In the process of modeling and calculating such schemes, models are used that are actually far from ideal. This article will consider an example of development (calculation, modeling, and hardware implementation), the difference between the embedded model and the resulting one in real life, methods for dealing with such a situation in the future, as well as using the resulting node without the possibility of correction.
Remote electronic voting is the most promising way to increase voter turnout. The use of Blockchain technology will guarantee complete security and protection against hacking, ensure the secrecy of the vote and openness of the procedure for the society. The structure of the Blockchain voting is as follows. The user needs to have a mobile-specific address space. The mobile device identifier is recorded on the Blockchain as a wallet address that is associated with that user's token. The token will be limited in time in which it can be used for voting. Sending a marker (token) to a specific candidate address will constitute a vote. Received votes are securely stored in the Blockchain, and the correctness of addressing a vote to a specific candidate can always be checked in real time. All data that goes into the Blockchain vote is sent to it thanks to a smart contract. The proposed method for constructing remote electronic voting will allow to reliably store obtained results in the Blockchain, increasing the cryptographic strength of the data and the transparency of the system, and, consequently, the confidence of users in it. Early receipt of the ballot will allow to participate in voting remotely, as a result, the turnout will increase. The considered structure of Blockchain voting will have prospects of use not only in the electoral system, but at general meetings of shareholders, meetings of LLC participants, meetings of the board of directors (supervisory board), committees, forums, conferences and other events where voting is necessary.
Today "Smart Factories" has paved way for the new industrial revolution called "Industry 4.0 or the Internet of Things (IIOT)". By the implementation of this standard, industrial devices communicate with each other as well as operators, automate processes with little or no human effort, and facilitates real-time manufacturing operation. This intelligent, networked system uses a continuous exchange of data for connected operations and production. To establish a smart manufacturing platform that can enhance the accomplishment of smart factories is vital and desirable for modern manufacturing industries. At the moment, most conventional factories are faced with the challenge of migrating into smart factories, due to their inability to converge information and automation system to perform a real-time operation. This paper studied various articles related to Smart Manufacturing and will discuss some of the challenges with this transformation and propose a 5 stage approach for the transformation of conventional factories to smart factories.
In this paper, a basic design of a linear motor for portable or mobile power generation and as a refrigerant compressor for compact electronic devices is considered. The engine can operate in both two-stroke and four-stroke cycles. A structural diagram of the device, control system and sensors are proposed. Method of a magnetic modeling using solid-state models, together with a CAD is proposed.
The problem of operation of the system of wireless energy transfer for battery charging of urban electric transport is discussed. Mutual displacements of elements of system of wireless energy transfer result in decreasing the system efficiency. It is proposed to implement the winding of microstrip lines into flat spiral. Such a solution results in increasing of acceptable angle of mutual rotation of system elements. The degradation in energy losses is weak. The simulation results are presented in the form of graphs and the design of electromagnetic structures. The main characteristics and their values for the specified system are described. An analysis of wireless energy transmission systems, operating at a frequency of less than 100 MHz, is presented. The simulations were carried out in the AWR Design Environment Microwave Office and CAD FEKO. Essential increasing of tolerance of mutual system elements displacements was achieved.
A review the synthesis of thermoelectric materials (TEM) and techniques of their subsequent processing in order to obtain an optimal structure was carried out. TEM on basis of BiTeSe and BiSbTe were obtained by zone melting and extrusion, and PbTe and GeTe were obtained by hot pressing. On basis of X-ray fluorescence analysis, a correlation was established between the concentration of elements in the initial composition and in the manufactured samples. The investigation of thermoelectric parameters of TEM was carried out. The thermoelectric figure of merit in the working temperature range varies from 1.05 to 1.20. Vickers microhardness was established that for BiTeSe and BiSbTe it is from 33.5 Hy to 60.2 Hy. The microhardness of PbTe and GeTe is 51.7 Hy and 125.7 Hy, respectively. The obtained results are necessary for the development of techniques for mechanical treatment of TEM and the design of thermoelectric devices.
According to the strategy for the development of the Electronic Industry in Russia until 2025, one of the priorities is "the creation of a market-oriented infrastructure", as well as "the use of the synergistic potential of cooperation of economic entities" [1]. The turbulent, dynamically changing external environment, the complexity of ensuring the relevance of the development time of innovations in the Electronic Industry have led to the emergence of interactive and integrated models for organizing the innovation process. The strengthening of the digital marketing role in these models is not so much associated with the focus on the end consumer, but with the coordination and cooperation of business entities. Modern digital marketing tools help to create networks, consolidate contracts without increasing intra-company costs. Partnerships supported by digital marketing tools provide the highest impact in the development and commercialization of innovative electronic products. The paper describes in detail an integrated model of the innovation process that promotes joint investment, coordinated development of innovations, joint learning and resource exchange, and joint promotion of innovations in the Electronic Industry.
The need for renewable fuel sources make it important to develop biofuel cells based on cyanobacteria. In the previous work we found out that among cyaqnobacteria strains Synechococcus was more effective than Anabaena, and maximum efficiency with hybrid carbon anode was ~2 mW/m 2 . In this work we tested a number of hybrid carbon anodes including carbon felt and carbon veil. After analyzing and testing all the types of carbon used, it was concluded that the highest power output of 10 mW/m2 was achieved using carbon felt as the anode. This can be explained by the fact that this material, in comparison with the others, has a large surface area to volume ratio and porosity, which is a favorable factor for the creation and growth of cyanobacterial biofilms. Having received the output power of one cell, a theoretical calculation was made of the power of the matrix of 8 cells under ideal conditions. This power was about 4 μW, which is 2.7 times higher than the power of one such cell. This calculation is theoretical, so it is likely that in practice, due to the unpredictability of living organisms, this power will be slightly different. The rationale for this is that connecting multiple biological devices can be much more difficult than connecting conventional batteries or supercapacitors, because there is the potential for significant performance degradation due to varying impedance mismatches between stored devices. The possible large voltage drop is mainly due to the uneven distribution of the performance of individual units and the subsequent voltage reversal from the less efficient cells.
This article investigates the use of the Minecraft computer game for the implementation and training of machine learning algorithms. In the introduction, an analysis of works on this topic is described. Similar experiments using Minecraft are also discussed. The experimental part describes the process of implementing a game modification, which adds a new AI-controlled character to the game. As the result, examples of work that reflect the possibilities of using machine learning are shown. In conclusion, the pros and cons of this work are given basing on the results of the experiment.
The article describes a control information system development aimed to save energy in electric furnace magnetic cores annealing dynamic modes control. System's control objects main features include high energy intensity, operation frequency and their insufficient isolation from the environment. Due to their design features, electric magnetic core annealing furnaces are continuous. As a result, significant heat losses to the environment occur. Regarding control actions analysis and synthesis stages, synthesizing variables are introduced, bringing control problem dimension reduction. In accordance with operating plurality states, energy-saving control functions are defined that allow energy-saving control action real-time synthesis. The developed information system for annealing magnetic cores electric furnaces heating process control allows to save from 5% up to 15% electricity, depending on the operation's state.
Protection of intellectual property (IP) in field of EDA is a highly important task. Integrated Circuit (IC) copy detection could be only performed using the final IC layout data. Due to the fact that the final IC layout contains huge amount of geometries to analyze, it is clear that this task is very difficult. Existing techniques to verify the IP of the ICs are mostly based on two approaches: watermarks injection and layout geometries mutual placement identification. In our work we propose an algorithm for calculating some kind of "layout hash" which is based on information about IC layout layers routing.
The design of the hexapod (a spiderlike robot with 6 legs) is considered as part of an educational and research project. The hexapod, a selection of its main elements (microprocessor controllers, construction of its leg, servo drivers etc.), that enable robot to be lifelike, are considered. The problems of creating a prototype are described. This project will consider the creation of a spider robot, the main stages, in simple language for those who, like the authors, had nothing to do with robotics (except programming).
The implementation of algorithms for primary image processing using one-dimensional digital filters adapted for DSP is considered. Methods of replacing a high bit operands with a lower one are used to increase performance, index arithmetic and methods using identifiers of graphic objects, replacing nonlinear operations with binary ones are presented. Algorithms for the detection of lines from the image, paths based on lines that form open or closed contours have been developed. The efficiency is shown when implemented on general-purpose processors.
The proper design of aerial target classification algorithms includes debugging, adaptation, and validation stages that require a large number of experimental or simulation data. Obtaining real radar data is usually time-consuming and in some cases requires relatively high costs. The use of mathematical models representing the realistic signature can significantly reduce such expenses. This paper describes the mathematical model representing the signal reflected from rotating blades of propeller-driven aerial targets in the bistatic radar. The spectrum signatures of the helicopter rotating blades are simulated for different bistatic angles. The simulation results of the spectrum of the signal reflected from the multi-rotor drone under different bistatic angles are compared with the measured data.
The purpose of this article is to present a project of a system for protecting digital copyright content based on elements of blockchain technology for trusted storage of the author's work and providing objective evidence in the check-author procedure. The scientific novelty lies in the original approach to the processing and secure storage of digital copyright information, as well as the study of the possibility of using elements of blockchain technology in the check-author procedure. Relevance: the presented solution can be used to protect copyright materials from plagiarism before publishing the entire work of authorship. Also, the solution can be a convenient tool for reviewing copyright works and controlling the implementation of work-stages. As a result, the approach allows the development of an information system for secure storage and processing of digital copyright content. The principle of sequential block binding is proposed to be applied. It is proposed to provide secure access to the digital copyright content and information support for the author verification procedure.
This paper presents recognition system for coins of the USSR that is based on a convolutional neural network and database that stores images of coins and information about each coin. In addition, two algorithms for processing the incoming image were investigated, which occurs in four stages: cropping the background of the image, finding the center of the coin by rotating it, reducing the size of the coin image to increase the recognition speed of the neural network and find the maximum number of collinear vectors.
This paper presents the study of silicon microneedles patterns of formation by a method of anisotropic wet chemical etching in potassium hydroxide solution. Anisotropic etching speed dependencies from solute concentration and temperature have been obtained. It has been shown, that microneedles with desired height and sharpening angle values could be fabricated in a potassium hydroxide solution with high etching speed. It is necessary to control the ending of the etching process to provide the required sharpening angle for nanodimentional points.
This article is devoted to the study of the relationships of people in society, using the example of the student community. The focus is on creating a list of criteria that can be used to predict the probability of people communicating. This research can be divided into two semantic parts: theoretical and practical. In the theoretical part, the criteria for analyzing people's interests are formulated. In the second part, the algorithm is implemented programmatically.
