As a strategic emerging industry,the internet of things(IoT)has become a key driving force for the development of the digital economy.Guangdong has a solid industrial foundation and great potential in the development of the IoT industry,which has made early arrangements in IoT-related policies,core and key technologies research,and industrial chains.However,there are also a series of challenges,such as the weak independent research and development capabilities of IoT chips and underlying software,insufficient transformation of achievements outside Guangdong,unbalanced regional distribution of the industrial layout,relative weak network security barriers,and fragmentation of application scenarios and requirements.Based on this,this paper puts forward promotion countermeasures from the aspects of IoT core and key technologies,transformation of achievements,regional collaborative innovation,IoT security guarantee system,unification of terminal standards,layout of frontier fields of IoT and deepening cooperation with Hong Kong and Macao.
Jiangsu attaches great importance to the construction of new R&D institutions,and its amount and innovation mechanism are in the forefront of the country.To this and,this paper studies the development status and countermeasures of new R&D institutions in Jiangsu.Firstly,the paper defines the concept and scope of new R&D institutions.Secondly,it introduces the policy support and construction mode of new R&D institutions in Jiangsu,and investigates the nature of the institution,investment subjects,main difficulties and problems of new R&D institutions in Jiangsu through questionnaires.Finally,combining with the actual development of Jiangsu,the paper puts forward countermeasures and suggestions from the aspects of innovation environment,government role,development strategy,talent management,operation mechanism and open cooperation.
New R&D institutions have outstanding advantages and important values in promoting the development of scientific and technological innovation in China.With the increase attention of the state,various provinces and cities have innovated management support models from different dimensions and taken various measures to promote the high-quality development of new R&D institutions in the region.This paper analyzes the experience and practices of building new R&D institutions in Beijing,Shanghai and Jiangsu,and then puts forward reference suggestions for the high-quality construction of new R&D institutions in Guangdong.
As a new economic form,the digital economy has injected vitality into regional economic development,brought new ideas,new concepts and new methods,and has become one of the important ways to promote high-quality economic development.As an important part of the national economy,the county economy is the foundation and key to improving the national economy.At the same time,the real economy has created a solid foundation and solid support for the digital technology innovation and the development of the digital economy.Therefore,the coordinated development relationship between digital economy and the county economy has gradually become an important factor for high-quality economic development.This paper constructs a composite system of digital economy and high-quality economic development,and uses the improved entropy method and coupled coordination evaluation model to conduct an empirical study on the data of Baoji City and its 12 counties from 2019 to 2021.The results show that there is a strong correlation between the digital economy and the high-quality economic development of Baoji City and various counties and districts,but it has not formed a good spiral trend of mutual influence and promotion.The relationship between digital economy and high-quality economic development generally presents the replacement phenomenon of"economic hysteresis-digital hysteresis".In 2021,except for Baoji City,Qishan County and Fufeng County,the digital economy and high-quality economic development have barely reached a state of coordination,the rest of the counties and districts are still in a state of imbalance.In view of the result,the paper puts forward countermeasures and suggestions such as strengthening policy guidance,creating a county-level characteristic digital brand,attaching importance to the support of talent and funding elements,strengthening advantageous industries and building core industrial clusters with leading enterprises.
Taking the data of 11 districts of Guangzhou as samples,based on the theoretical perspective of policy tools,this paper selects five indicators as condition variables from three dimensions of supply,demand and environment,and the amount of technology contract transaction as the result variable to conduct an empirical study on the impact of scientific and technological innovation policy tools on innovation performance by using the qualitative comparative analysis of fuzzy sets.The results show that there are three policy tool configurations in Guangzhou lead to high innovation performance:financial support and demand-driven,environment and innovation infrastructure driven,and balanced development,at the same time,there are three policy tool configurations lead to non-high innovation performance:lack of overall resources,insufficient capital input and absence of financial support.Based on this,the paper puts forward some suggestions on optimizing the configuration of scientific and technological innovation policy tools,to provide reference for improving innovation performance in Guangzhou.
Clarifying the factors that influence the diversity of user information source selection during public emergencies is essential for optimizing information selection strategies and enhancing the accuracy of information services.This paper proposes hypothesis grounded on the theory of information source selection diversity,through a questionnaire survey,371 valid responses are collected,and the data are organized and analyzed to validate the hypothesis by using the Structural Equation Model(SEM)method.The findings reveal that risk perception,perceived information quality,information acquisition intention,and previous experience significantly and positively impact the diversity of information source choice.
Science and technology parks are important carriers for promoting regional economic development and scientific and technological innovation,and have played an important role in transforming development modes and improving the level of regional innovation and development.This paper analyzes the basic connotation and theoretical basis of modern science and technology park,and takes Guangdong high-tech zone as example,constructs the basic framework of innovation ecosystem of modern science and technology park,and the analysis shows that,the innovation and development of science and technology parks need to build a sound innovation ecosystem from the aspects of innovation policy,innovation subject,innovation environment and innovation management.Facing the new situation and needs,the paper puts forward the development strategy as that,modern science and technology parks need to realize the four development strategies,which are from management to service,from enterprise to industry,from science and technology to economy,and from environment to ecology.It aims to provide references for the innovation and development of science and technology parks in China.
基于全过程创新生态链梳理了广东现有科技体制机制改革的做法与成效,发现广东构建了相对健全的科技管理体制机制,但在新发展、新形势、新要求下,还存在着基础研究体系待优化、核心技术攻关组织管理体系待健全、科技成果转化渠道仍需畅通、科技与金融结合不够紧密、人才发展环境不健全等问题,需要积极围绕"基础研究+技术攻关+成果转化+科技金融+人才支撑"全过程创新生态链,开展科技体制机制创新,打造具有全球影响力的科技和产业创新高地.
外资研发中心是全部或部分由外国投资者投资开展自然科学及相关科技领域研究开发和实验发展的机构,是广东省实现高水平对外开放、加快建设粤港澳大湾区国际科技创新中心的重要创新载体.近年来,随着粤港澳大湾区国际科技创新中心建设的推进,广东外资研发中心取得一定成效,但是,与国内外先进地区相比,广东仍存在较大差距.基于此,通过分析研究美国、日本、以色列、新加坡等发达国家及国内北京、上海等城市设立外资研发中心的相关经验做法,并结合广东吸引外资研发中心建设面临的形势,研究提出广东吸引更多外商来粤设立研发中心的对策建议.
为夯实科技事业地基,推动基础研究高质量发展,广东省不断深化基础研究体制机制改革,优化基础研究投入模式,着力提升基础研究发展水平.以广东省基础与应用基础研究基金多元化投入体系为对象,基于文献资料和调研访谈获取的数据信息,分析广东省基础与应用基础研究基金的多元化投入历程、多元化投入体系主要特点、多元化投入体系运行机制,探究完善广东省基础与应用基础研究基金多元化投入体系的举措,为广东省基础研究投入更加多元化和新发展格局构建提供参考.
借助我国 2012-2019 年 30 个省区市(不包括西藏和港澳台地区)的面板数据,基于创新质量异质性视角,采用双向固定效应模型检验了科技创新对城乡收入差距的影响效应及其内在作用机制.研究发现,科技创新显著减小了城乡收入差距,且实质性创新的作用大于策略性创新.机制分析发现,城镇化水平越高、政府干预力度越低,越有利于充分发挥科技创新对城乡收入差距的抑制效应.厘清科技创新与城乡收入差距之间的关系,能够为新时代新征程深入实施创新驱动发展战略、扎实推动共同富裕提供借鉴和参考.
当前创新创业全球化成为新趋势,广东大力推动粤港澳大湾区国际科技创新中心建设,加快国际化发展是广东孵化器更好地吸引和孵化国际高端创业团队和企业、培育战略性新兴产业的必然要求.首先,梳理了孵化器国际化发展的研究现状;第二,总结了广东孵化器国际化发展的历程;第三,重点分析了广东孵化器国际化发展模式与举措;第四,分析了广东孵化器国际化发展存在的问题;最后,提出了加快广东孵化器国际化发展的对策建议.
公众对政策的态度是决定政策能否有效实施的重要因素,但公众是否对政策持积极态度以及哪些因素会影响公众接受政策尚不明确.在风险环境下,个体如何选择信息处理模式、如何通过信息处理进行决策及政策支持,对风险沟通效果具有关键影响.基于启发式-系统式模型及风险信息寻求与加工模型,研究不同风险感知水平下个体信息处理模式如何影响个体对风险防范控制政策的支持.对 2022 年 3 月 10 日至 2022 年 5 月 10 日期间收集的 2541 份有效样本进行实证分析,结果显示:信息不足和负面影响影响信息处理模式,信息处理模式影响公众政策的支持态度;风险感知对信息处理模式与公众行为意向之间的关系起调节作用.
粤港澳大湾区科技创新合作是国家重要战略部署.为深入了解粤港澳大湾区科技创新合作的研究现状,对 2001-2022 年 287 篇相关的核心期刊论文进行可视化分析,探析国内粤港澳科技创新合作研究的演变趋势、研究热点与主题领域.研究发现:该研究领域经历了初步探索、缓慢增长与快速发展等 3 个阶段,其演变趋势伴有鲜明的时代性与政策导向性;出现频率较高及近年涌现的热点关键词预示着相关研究系统化、网络化的发展动向;就研究领域而言,主要聚焦科技创新协同研究、科技创新合作与湾区经济发展研究、科技创新合作与城市群发展研究、科技创新链与创新网络研究等四大方面.在此基础上,对现有研究进行文献评述,厘清现有研究的不足,并对未来研究提出展望.
完善产权制度是中国经济体制改革的重点,但目前就中国职务科技成果转化政策的相关研究主要仍聚焦于高校层面.为更为全面反映中国职务科技成果转化政策的演变特征与发展规律,基于1996-2021年中国中央政府颁布的96份科技成果转化政策文本,从产权改革的视角对中国职务发明所有权的演变进行了阶段性划分,并采用政策文本内容分析方法,构建"政策工具-产权变迁阶段"二维分析框架进行分析.研究发现:1996年首部《中华人民共和国促进科技成果转化法》发布后的25年间,中国的职务科技成果转化政策具有稳定发展、演变阶段清晰和地位上升的特点,但政策工具使用整体分布不均,环境型政策过溢、需求型政策不足等问题较为突出.进一步推动中国职务科技成果转化,应厘清转化中的权属关系,关注混合所有制改革方向,落实转化机制.
ChatGPT的横空出世,将新一代人工智能推到了风口浪尖.以2017年至2023年2月21日Scopus与Web of Science中ChatGPT相关技术科研成果为研究对象,通过科学计量方法,从全球概况、国家表现、领先机构、杰出人才、研究热点等方面对ChatGPT相关技术的研究态势开展研究.研究发现:该领域相关研究已步入高速发展阶段,研究成果总体上呈井喷式增长;中国科研体量世界第一,美国仍是最受认可的研究领跑者;中国高校科研产出占绝对优势,美国企业的发文影响力傲视群雄;亚洲地区国际合作发文水平显著低于欧美地区;顶尖学者主要来自美国、中国和英国;研究热点集中于人机交互、算法模型、自然语言处理领域.
在国家大力推进大众创业万众创新的背景下,《粤港澳大湾区发展规划纲要》等一系列政策在实效方面更加注重扶持港澳青年创新创业,广东省通过建设"1+12+N"的港澳青年孵化基地体系,为港澳青年创新创业提供有力支撑.通过近几年快速发展,粤港澳大湾区形成了良好的创新创业微生态,但也存在大部分项目由政府主导、自身"造血"能力不强等问题.在对粤港澳大湾区港澳青年创新创业基地现状分析的基础上,总结其主要做法,分析存在的问题,最后提出发展的相关建议.
广州市是粤港澳大湾区乃至华南地区科技创新发展的核心引擎之一,为推动科技创新发展出台了大量科技创新政策.为弥补目前针对广州市科技创新政策研究不足的现状,从政策工具、科技创新活动两个维度建立起广州市科技创新政策文本分析框架,通过内容编码、频数分析等分析方法,对广州市科技创新政策文本进行量化分析.结果表明,当前广州市科技创新政策存在政策工具布局有待优化、政策工具内部结构有待完善、科技活动各阶段政策工具分布不均的问题.建议广州市从优化政策工具结构、调整科技创新活动各阶段政策重心分布、提高政策协同性3个方面,对科技创新政策进行优化.
基于2006-2020年国内现代高端装备产业领域的专利数据,将广州市与北京市、上海市、深圳市、武汉市、佛山市、东莞市和沈阳市等国内其他7个代表性城市进行专利对比,并针对智能制造装备(含数控机床和智能装备)、船舶与海洋工程装备、航空装备、卫星及应用装备等四大细分领域分别开展专利技术分析,剖析广州市现代高端装备产业关键技术的发展趋势,发现其存在研发创新能力不足、产学研合作意识欠缺、科技成果转化困难、国产技术认可度不高等问题,并提出下一步发展建议.
涉农上市企业是推动农业科技创新主体之一,提升涉农企业科技创新效率受多因素共同影响,因此引入构型理证,以2018-2020年中国46家涉农上市企业为研究对象,采用DEA-Malmquist模型对其科技创新全要素生产率展开测度,进而采用模糊集定性比较分析(fsQCA)方法探究其科技创新效率的主要因素组合及发展路径.结果显示,受技术创新和新技术的运用水平不高等影响,中国涉农上市企业总体科技创新生产效率呈现下降趋势.基于fsQCA测度结果,提出了从人才、规模、经营、技术和管理这5个要素出发,根据涉农上市企业自身发展情况选择相对应的发展路径,以提升其科技创新效率的对策建议.
