NiCoO2 nanoclusters were prepared by soft template based on sodium dodecyl sulfate(SDS)and direct oil bath method for enzyme-free glucose sensors.The performance of NiCoO2 nanoclusters on the electrocatalytic oxidation of glucose was studied.The results show that the sensing electrode based on NiCoO2 nanoclusters has 1278 μA·(mM)-1·cm-2 and a detection limit of 1.8 μM within a linear range of 0.001～5 mM.In addition,the sensor has excellent performance in selectivity,stability,and reproducibility,and has a promising application prospect in blood glu-cose detection.
The thermodynamic analysis of the methanol steam reforming hydrogen production process by electromagnetic induction heating was carried out,and the energy consumption was compared with that of the conventional heating method.The results show that the temperature has a relatively large influence on the reaction process,and when the temperature is low(150～200℃),the methanol conversion rate changes drastically with the rise of pressure,and at temperatures higher than 200℃,the pressure has almost no effect on the methanol conversion rate,and the higher the temperature is,the lower the effect of pressure on the hydrogen production rate is.The proportion of CO in carbon compounds in the product decreased with the increase of S/C at high temperature.The induction-heated reactor with a grid-connected system for renewable power generation reduces CO2 emissions and saves conventional fossil energy,while the energy efficiency of the reforming-to-hydrogen process by induction heating is comparable to that of conventional heating.
The Napa lake, located in the middle of the transverse mountain range in northwest Yunnan, is influenced by the Indian Ocean monsoon and plateau monsoon, and its climate is complex and changeable. It is an ideal area to study the coupling of southwest monsoon and East Asian monsoon. In this paper, the palaeoclimate of strata above 6.35 m in Napa lake, Shangri-la, Yunnan province was studied from phytologist perspective, and a series of environmental and climatic information was obtained. Combined with AMS14C dating, the palaeoclimate environmental process in the study area was reconstructed in the last 17 Ka, and its variation law and influencing factors were discussed. The analysis results show that the climate of Napa lake since17 800 has experienced slants cold dry-warm-damp and hot-warm-damp and hot-cold from the dry process, because of the influence of the local climate and terrain effect, Shangri-la Napa lake, in the early holocene climate record is a reflection of the implanted silicon body and other parts of the different indexes by reconstruction exist obvious differences in climate.
水合物法回收混空煤层气中的甲烷具有清洁高效和操作安全的优势.为了探究四丁基溴化铵(TBAB)和辛基-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷(OGP)两种促进剂的协同作用,完成了TBAB+OGP复配溶液中甲烷水的合物相平衡实验.结果表明,TBAB显著降低了甲烷水合物的生成压力,但是OGP的引入减弱了TBAB的热力学促进作用.其削弱作用随着OGP和TBAB浓度的增加而增加,随着温度的升高而降低.该研究为水合物法回收煤层气提供基础实验数据并指导后续的方案设计.
本文针对航空航天对于轻质高刚性夹层结构的需求,开展了轻质环氧树脂基复合芯材膜的制备工艺研究与性能表征.采用熔融共混方法制备了新型轻质高刚性环氧树脂基体,采用热熔法制备了轻质环氧树脂基复合芯材膜,并对其进行了工艺性能、微观结构和典型力学性能的表征.结果表明,本文制备的轻质环氧树脂基复合芯材膜空心微腔结构保持良好,内部质量良好,固化后轻质复合材料密度降低到0.63g/cm3,典型力学性能达到国际先进水平,具有良好的工程应用前景.
针对民用飞机内饰材料对阻燃性能的需求,适航规章对内饰用材料的阻燃性能提出了相应的要求.本文通过与常用阻燃材料酚醛预浸料进行对比,分析了环氧预浸料存在的性能优势及改性方向.介绍了国内外民用飞机内饰用阻燃环氧预浸料的研究和应用现状,指出阻燃环氧预浸料在民用飞机内饰结构上应用的发展趋势.
党中央高度重视固体废物污染环境防治工作,这就要求高校固废实验课程的设置要更加合理,符合OBE教学理念.在《固体废物处理与处置》这门实验课中,我们针对不同垃圾的性质,采取了不同的处理方法.如建筑垃圾,采用破碎的方式;剩余污泥,学生通过查阅文献,提出各种预处理方法,进而提高污泥脱水性能;餐厨垃圾,通过厌氧发酵方式,无害化、减量化的同时,生产清洁能源进行资源化利用.处理方法由简入难、实验手段由单一到综合、实验性质由验证性到设计性再到综合性.阶梯式实验项目的开设和应用,提高了学生的综合设计能力和分析问题能力.
Environmental pollution and energy consumption problems today are seriously affecting people’s lives. In this paper, a new magnesium AZ31B matrix syntactic foam (MMSF) prepared by gravity penetration with hollow alumina microspheres as reinforcement was simulated using ANSYS Workbench for the lightweight design of vehicles. The mechanical properties and heat conductivity of MMSFs prepared by hollow microspheres with different diameters and volume fractions before and after heat treatment were investigated using finite element analysis. The simulation results showed that the MMSF prepared by hollow microspheres with a diameter of 3.6 mm and a volume fraction of 40% had the best mechanical properties and heat conductivity after heat treatment strengthening. Due to low density, high strength, excellent thermal insulation and other advantages, this high-performance MMSF is suitable for making vehicle bodies, which can effectively reduce the overall weight, thus reducing the fuel consumption and pollutant emission caused by driving.
In order to investigate the soil micro-plastic pollution in karst areas, this paper takes the karst depression of Longhe Village, Pingguo County, Guangxi Province as the research object, and sets up 15 sample collection points in farmland and forest areas. Through the collection, treatment and identification of soil and water samples, the quantity, size and material information of microplastics can be obtained. The results showed that:（1） Microplastic pollution was widespread in the study area. The average concentration of microplastic in farmland soil was（4.88 ± 0.35） pieces/g～（2.7 ± 0.35） pieces/g, and the average concentration of microplastic in forest soil was（8.12 ± 1.99） pieces/g ～（2.42 ± 0.31） pieces/g.（2） Affected by human activities, the pollution situation of the two basins in the east and west of the study area is different.（3） The farmland soil in the western basin is seriously polluted by microplastics due to agricultural activities. The forest soil in the eastern basin is affected by artificial grazing, and the content of microplastics in the soil is high.（4） The size of microplastics in the soil of farmland and forest areas is small, most of which are in the range of 20～100 μm, and account for 92% and 90.87% of the total particle number in their respective areas.
本文采用SiC粉、聚二甲基硅氧烷(PDMS)、固化剂为原料制备浆料,研究了SiC含量对浆料黏度、流动性和悬浮稳定性的影响规律;采用气动式墨水直写打印设备,探索SiC含量、挤出压力和喷嘴直径对浆料挤出性能的影响规律.结果表明,随着SiC含量的增加,浆料的黏度逐渐增加、流动性逐渐降低.不同SiC含量的浆料在实验范围内均具有较好的沉降稳定性.增大喷嘴直径以及提高挤出压力均使得浆料挤出量增加.当喷嘴直径为0.33mm时,浆料能够稳定挤出.
为了进一步提升我国水资源利用的科学性和合理性,水质检测工作的创新已经成为多方关注的重点,本文则是围绕着废水水质检测和化验工作的各项细节展开分析.在废水水质检测化验的过程中,受到多种因素的影响会出现较多误差,主要来源于检测方法、检测设备、试剂纯度、测量数据以及化验结果这几个方面,可以通过提高水质检测设备精准性、制定科学的质量控制方案、处理好化验误差数据来提升水质检测化验的精准性和科学性,确保能够为废水的回收利用以及水资源的质量管控提供保障.
伴随煤炭采掘工业不断发展,浅埋煤层资源日益枯竭,开采深度不断增加,因此如何降低冲击地压发生概率,保证开采安全性成为了行业重点研究内容.本文首先针对煤矿冲击地压类型进行了简略叙述,以帮助大家对该灾害进行初步了解,其次分析了煤矿冲击地压特征、发生条件以及产生具体原因,为后文叙述打下扎实的基础;最后针对煤矿冲击地压防治策略展开具体分析,为其提前预防提供理论与技术支持.
针对大倾角综采工作面过断层时,易出现综采设备较难固定,设备稳定性差,巷道围岩易出现破碎等问题,以晋能控股集团某矿31102综采工作面过DF37断层工程概况为例,进行了卧底作业,使煤层倾角变小,让其处于21°以内,这样能让综采工作面设备更稳定;进行了注浆作业,让顶板更稳定,防止了冒顶事故的发生,更好地保障了采煤工作面的高效推进;采用爆破作业方式,使采煤机破岩效率更高,磨损程度更小;应用综采设备防滑技术与进行采面调斜,防治了综采设备的下滑问题.通过综合应用以上措施后,31102综采工作面安全顺利高效地通过了DF37断层,与跳采作业相比,可多采出30万吨左右的煤炭资源,取得了较好的经济效益与安全效益.可为类似工况下综采工作面安全高效地过断层提供参考.
在化工生产工作过程中,压力容器作为化工的重要设备,发挥着至关重要的作用.如何规范压力容器设计工作,促进化工行业的长远发展,是当前化工企业重点面临的课题.因此,化工企业相关部门应该全面分析压力容器的规范设计要点,优化规范设计的关键性技术,分析化工设备压力容器未来的发展前景,提升压力容器整体设计水平,保证压力容器在化工应用中的设计性能,为促进社会工业制造业的发展提供技术保障.本文针对化工设备压力容器的规范性设计技术进行展开讨论.
本文从催化剂特性、反应床层传质传热、反应物与催化剂之间的热量与能量传递等方面,对流化床的特点和优势进行分析.从关键物料:工作液、催化剂;核心工艺:加氢、氧化、萃取及水分离技术等方面,以流化床和固定床的角度进行工艺安全技术分析,总结出流化床在安全工艺技术方面具备的独特技术优势及后续的发展趋势.
丙烯腈生产废水存在的丙烯腈、乙腈、氰化物等有毒有害物质对活性污泥的硝化过程产生严重的抑制作用,极大的影响了废水中氨氮的去除.笔者采用SBR反应器进行生化小试模拟试验,分别研究了不同含量丙烯腈、乙腈和氰化物对活性污泥系统中硝化细菌去除氨氮效果的影响.实验结果表明,当进水丙烯腈浓度＜80mg·L-1、乙腈浓度＜800mg·L-1时,出水NH3-N浓度低于1mg·L-1,去除率在99%左右,对该活性污泥系统中的硝化过程基本没有抑制作用;TCN＜5mg·L-1时,NH3-N的去除率为90%左右,对硝化过程有一定的抑制作用但较小,TCN＞10mg·L-1,NH3-N的去除率降至60%以下,对硝化过程的抑制作用较大.
文章以赵庄煤矿为例,通过化探技术对矿井各含水层进行取样分析,并收集以往水质资料,建立矿井水化学资料基础数据库,实现对矿区奥陶纪灰岩岩溶水化学场进行系统性地研究,以此来构建矿井突水水源科学准确的判别模式,以便在矿井突水时快速预测及识别突水水源,及时指导采矿安全,进而为下组煤开采提供可靠的技术保证.
本文主要探讨了测量工作在煤矿防治水工作中的实际应用,阐述了测量在煤矿防治水工作中的重要性及其作用,以及测量技术在煤矿防治水工作中的应用实例.通过案例分析,表明测量技术在煤矿防治水工作中具有非常重要的应用价值,可以帮助煤矿企业更好地实现水资源的合理利用、防治水害、保障矿井安全等方面的工作.
本文通过对废旧磷酸铁锂和钛酸锂复杂料进行热解试验,热解过程大致可分为四个阶段:少量的水分挥发阶段、树脂分解阶段、磷酸铁锂被氧化阶段和分解阶段.同时,升温速率越快,最大质量损失曲线向高温区移动.对废旧磷酸铁锂正极的硫酸熟化-水浸试验,得出熟化温度为200℃、熟化时间40min、酸料比0.8mL/g和硫酸浓度18mol/L为最优熟化条件,锂的浸出率可达到97.94%以上.
采用物理气相传输法(PVT)在p-Si衬底上制备了n-Bi2Te3薄膜.在不同温度下对薄膜样品进行退火处理,利用X射线衍射、拉曼光谱、扫描电子显微镜以及光致发光光谱对退火处理前后的薄膜形貌与微观结构进行表征.研究了退火温度对Bi2Te3薄膜形貌结构以及红外光响应能力的影响.结果表明在200～400℃的温度区间内,退火温度为250℃时可有效提高薄膜结晶度,细化晶粒,减少薄膜缺陷,降低缺陷能级对Bi2Te3薄膜红外光响应性能的影响,使得在250℃获得的高结晶质量的Bi2Te3薄膜的红外光响应性能均优于其他的退火温度获得Bi2Te3薄膜和未处理的,表明采用PVT方法制备的Bi2Te3薄膜的最佳退火温度是250℃.
