10月13日21时20分,渭南市华县某中学1名初一男孩在其老师的带领下匆忙走进华县消防中队请求帮助。原来这名贪玩的男孩将一枚钢质戒指套在右手无名指上,却无法将其取下。戒指卡在手上时间已近一天,男孩的手指因血液循环不畅出现肿胀。消防官兵结合以往"破戒"经验,试图以"肥皂润滑取戒、钢锯断戒",但卡手时间长、异常紧固,戒指钢质硬,钢锯条没有起到任何作用。消防官兵只好利用手持角磨机对戒指进行一点点地打磨、破拆。在固定男孩的手指并做好防护措施后,官兵才展开"戒指摘除术"。经过一个小时的艰苦打磨,22时40分,死死"咬"在男生手上的"戒指"终于被切开了
2012年12月22日凌晨4时许,延安市宝塔区国贸大厦突发大火,多人被困,情况危急。接警后,省、市两级消防部队快速反应,第一时间组织3个执勤中队、21部消防车、90名官兵赶赴现场扑救,同时调集9个企业队、17辆消防车、103名队员和榆林、铜川市消防支队精锐力量迅速增援,并及时向公安部消防局、省政府和省公安厅报告火灾情况。同时,陕西省公安
目前，危险有害因素辨识与分析的方法主要有经验法和类比分析法，以上方法基于大量经验及数据，因此易导致生产装置危险、有害因素辨识不清，容易出现遗漏现象。“逐级分步分析识别法”主要是对生产装置各种状态进行逐步分析识别，层层推进，不易造成遗漏，为消除事故隐患提供更可靠的依据。
Objective To evaluate occupational hazards possibly existed in the project,provide the evidence for protective measures and suggestions.Methods According to the relevant national standards,the methods of analogy,checklist and experience were applied to evaluate the project.Results Analogical enterprise was chosen and monitoring results showed that the qualified rates of CO,SO2,CO2,benzo(a) pyrene,noise and petroleum pitch smoke were all 100%,the qualified rates of alumina dust,WBGT,power frequency electric field and magnetic field work frequency were 26.67%,33.33%,50.00% and 92.59%,respectively.Conclusion The project is a serious occupational hazard project.The occurrence of occupational diseases can be prevented,if protective measures and personal protection are strengthened.
Objective To identify and analyze occupational hazards in the project and predict the category and risk degree of occupational hazards.Methods The methods of analogy,checklist and experience were applied to evaluate the project.Results The items of selection,overall layout,production process and equipment layout,architectural hygiene,harm factors and degree of occupational diseases,protective measures for occupational diseases,auxiliary rooms,emergency rescue measures,personal protective equipments,occupational health managements met the requirements of national standards.The major occupational hazards in the construction project included harmful chemical factors,physical factors and dust;epoxyethane in tank feeding and laboratory work exceeded occupational exposure limits(epoxyethane in tank feeding for CSTEL1.0-422.3 mg/m3,laboratory work 7.4-438.8 mg/m3);noise in frozen plant exceeded occupational exposure limits;the noise of reaction outer operator,frozen station operator,packing station and power plant operator exceeded occupational exposure limits.Conclusion The project is a serious construction project.The occupational diseases should be prevented and controlled in the project if all the occupational health managements and facilities are carefully carried out.
The process of an Ende gasifier is an efficient way to transform coal into oil products,which is the key to coal chemical engineering.This paper analyzes the fire risk of this process based on the introduction of the practical process of coal chemical engineering.
速差自控器是高空作业人员经常使用的个体坠落防护装置。传统的速差自控器只有一根安全带或安全绳,当工人需要从一个工位移动到另一个工位的时候,这种单根安全带或者安全绳就不能满足这样的需求。双腿速差自控器就解决了这样的问题,它可以使工人从一个工位移动到另一个岗位而不脱离连接,从而保护工人的安全。本文是针对一款双腿速差自控器的研究与开发,包括整机构成、工作原理、关键零部件选择和性能要求、不同国家地区对其性能的测试要求以及锁止速度和自由坠落距离计算等内容。
移动通讯塔的大范围布设,提高了通讯服务质量,但通讯塔周围雷电灾害发生率明显高于未架设铁塔前,且以雷电电磁脉冲导致雷电灾害为主.对通讯塔布设后,铁塔对周围雷电电磁环境的影响的正确分析是雷电防护措施设计的基础.本文以石家庄市某村新建通讯塔为例,通过对闪电击中铁塔时周围磁感应强度、电磁感应强度及附近线路上的静电感应电场强度的具体计算,确定通讯塔的建立提高了周围雷电感应损害的概率,雷击点附近雷电电磁脉冲通过辐射干扰及传导干扰对建筑物电子信息系统构成严重危害.
线式感温探测器是一种能感知一条线上温度状况的线状温度传感器,其长度的每一部分都是一个探测点.它以“线式”测温方式代替传统的“点式”测温方式,大大增加了测量的范围,实现了对一条线或一个面上的温度监控.对几种目前发展较好的线式感温探测器进行介绍与分析,总结了当今线式感温探测技术的发展现状,并指出了今后的发展趋势和需要解决的问题,从而为我国消防领域的超温与火灾报警技术的发展提供参考.
目的 识别建设项目存在的职业病危害因素,并对其控制效果进行评价.方法 采用职业卫生现场调查、职业卫生检测进行定性、定量评价.结果 该建设项目存在的主要职业病危害因素为硫化氢、氨、噪声,工作场所职业病危害因素检测结果,符合国家职业卫生接触限值要求.结论 建设项目存在硫化氢、氨属高毒物品,建设项目职业卫生防护措施基本达到国家相关卫生标准要求,职业病防治重点在于突发事故等非正常状态下的应急处置.
The electrostatic accidents of petrochemical enterprise are closely related to the processing of particular medium(such as polluted oil,polluted water,coarse oil,mixed oil,etc.),special environment or the processing of special technology process materials(such as the materials handling in equipment servicing or start-up and shut-down process).Taking some typical accidents of petrochemical installations occurred in recent ten years as background,the characteristics of electrostatic accident in production device of petrochemical enterprise were discussed.By the analysis on typical accidents,the countermeasures and strategy were proposed: design deficiency is often the source of frequent accidents;auxiliary equipments of electrostatic eliminating are suggested to be installed in places with higher danger exposure frequency and risk requirement;combining with tooling features,the anti-static technical renovation of equipment should be properly considered when conducting equipment modification,which can get twice the result with half the effort sometimes;programming the anti-static provisions of special working place for production devices is an important measure to restrain the current trend of electrostatic accident.
The media in large storage tank is combustible and explosive,which brings a large security risk for oil depot management.Lightning is one of the major factors for tank fire.Therefore,it is necessary to analyze and draft effective anti-lightning measures to minimize the risks of the oil depot. This paper elaborates on several aspects in depot management from lightning formation and its damage to the reasons for lightning fires and basic steps for anti-lightning.It summaries many years' experience in depot safety management and puts forward four specific anti-lightning safety measures in particular for daily operations from the angles of beforehand-plan,handling in the event and anti -lightning facilities.
According to the operation features of hotel projects,this paper analyzes the noise pollution factors in such construction projects,focusing on the sources where the noise is produced by equipment and social life in the hotel operation.Some purposeful,economical and effective measures of pollution control are put forward and the treatment effects are analyzed and demonstrated.
The paper pointed out that it had great important significance to carry out environmental risk assessment for coal chemical project according to the characteristics of accident about suddenly happening,great damage,complicated behaviors,multi-types toxic chemicals and complex behavioral.Take 100 000 t/a cyclohexanone project for example,great hazard source(benzene) and the maximum credible risk accident(benzene leakage from tanks and explosion of benzene tanks) were determined;Environmental risk analysis showed that death or serious injury accident around residents would not happened even if the maximum credible risk accident were occurred,the risk value was lower than chemical industry statistical standards,and the contents of environmental risk management was presented.This example provided theoretical basis and technical reference for environmental risk assessment of coal chemical project.
This paper analyzes the dangers of polypropylene production process and puts forward some corresponding countermeasures for the safety of polypropylene devices.
Objective Through quantitative risk assessment of the occupational noise exposure,to discuss the main contents and steps in occupational hazards assessment and to improve the assessment level.Methods The short filament and polyester production workshop of a polyester installation in a petrochemical plant was taken as the study subject.Occupational noise exposure in technological process was investigated.Characteristics of workers' occupational noise exposure were analyzed.The noise intensity in the work environment was detected and its frequency spectrum was analyzed.The efficacy of ear plugs used was analyzed.By combining the test results with the relationship chart of the 0 to 45 years continuous A sound level and the risk rate of hearing loss issued by International Standard Organization in 1971,the risk of hearing loss caused by polyester installation was assessed.Results The results showed that long and intensive noise exposure was suffered by workers working on the stretching,winding and cutting posts.The noise intensity of the main posts of polyester installation was 85.5~99.7 dB(A).The frequency spectrum of winding machine was rather narrow.The efficacy of ear plugs used by winding and cutting workers was inadequate.The winding workers showed the highest risk of hearing loss.Conclusions The occupational noise exposure assessment is an important method in hearing conservation management.The key point is to conduct the quantitative risk assessment.Through the risk assessment and investigation of the occupational noise exposure,the objective rules of noise hazard could further be explored so as to propose practical control measures for protecting workers' health.It demonstrates that risk assessment for occupational noise exposure is significant in the occupational hazards assessment of construction project in the future.
Through the environmental risks analysis of a mechanical plant to determine the liquid oxygen storage tank leak causing an explosion as the maximum credible accident.Using TNT equivalent coefficient method,explosive damage scope and the risk acceptability is calculated.
The environmental risk in mangan electrolysis producing process is complicated and elusive,and it is usually ignored.We have done many experiments in many factories,and studied systematically the risk material,risk process,risk mechanism,risk harm and preventive measures.In order to solve effectively the environmental risk in mangan electrolysis producing process and ensure the safety of environment,preventive measures countering diverse process or risk material were proposed.
The leakage of liquid ammonia can cause fire,explosion and poisoning.According to the hazard of liquid ammonia leakage poisoning accident,the paper assesses the potential hazard degree and areas in the work place of using liquid ammonia by the methods of the toxicclassification and dispersion radius estimation,and gives the assessment example.
The leaked products pipeline will absolutely have major affects on rivers along the pipeline,dense residential area and the other paralleled pipelines.Taking the products pipeline in Changqing Petrochemical Corporation as an example,quantitative prediction on the influence of leaked pipeline on the surface water is carried out based on the evaluation indexes in the proportion of water surface covered by spilled oil and the oil film thickness.Prediction conclusion shows that when the massive leaks brought in directly the river will seriously pollute the rivers in the case of medium oil film thickness with large-scale oil film.The possible influence of leaked pipeline on its parallel pipeline is analyzed by the event-tree method.Results from the quantitative computation for the event indicate that the event probability of leaked pipeline will be at 1.1×10-5 on its parallel pipeline,and the fire probability is at 3.8×10-5.Therefore,the measures against the pipeline leakage risk will instruct the environment risk assessment in this kind of leakage event.
