Мета. Метою дослідження є ідентифікація та систематизація ключових детермінант інноваційної активності на регіональному ринку сільськогосподарської продукції на основі результатів експертного опитування учасників відповідного ринку. Методологія. У дослідженні вдосконалено методичний підхід до аналізу детермінант інноваційної активності на ринку сільськогосподарської продукції, який, на відміну від наявних підходів, ґрунтується на комплексному поєднанні методів експертного опитування, структурно-функціонального і порівняльного аналізу та описової статистики. Емпіричною основою є результати експертного опитування керівників і фахівців сільськогосподарських підприємств, торговельних компаній, агрологістичних операторів і галузевих асоціацій. Опитування проведено у травні–червні 2025 р. у Львівській області України із застосуванням дистанційного анкетування на платформі Google Forms. Загальний обсяг вибірки становив 148 експертів, що забезпечує репрезентативність результатів і перевищує мінімально необхідний обсяг вибірки, визначений за формулою Словіна за довірчого рівня 95 % і допустимої похибки 8 %. Для вимірювання оцінок експертів застосовували порядкові шкали, у т. ч. десятибальну шкалу інтенсивності й значущості окремих характеристик інноваційного розвитку. Результати. Рівень інноваційної активності на регіональному ринку сільськогосподарської продукції є нижчим за середній, попри наявність значного потенціалу агропромислового комплексу. Установлено, що інноваційні процеси на ринку формуються нерівномірно та мають фрагментарний характер, а їхній розвиток істотно стримується сукупною дією фінансових, інституційних, безпекових і ринкових чинників, посилених умовами воєнного часу. Ідентифіковано ключові детермінанти інноваційної активності на ринку сільськогосподарської продукції у Львівській області й обґрунтовано, що інноваційна активність позитивно впливає на конкурентоспроможність і довгостроковий розвиток аграрних виробників, водночас її ефект значною мірою зумовлюється сукупністю інституційних і ринкових умов. Виявлено дисбаланс між потенціалом окремих типів інновацій і фактичною інтенсивністю їх упровадження в досліджуваному регіоні. На основі узагальнення експертних оцінок набуло подальшого розвитку обґрунтування пріоритетних напрямів активізації інноваційної діяльності на ринку сільськогосподарської продукції. Оригінальність. Розроблено методичний підхід до виявлення та ранжування детермінант інноваційної активності на ринку сільськогосподарської продукції на основі результатів експертного опитування з подальшою їх систематизацією та оцінкою відносної значущості. Запропонований підхід створює інформаційно-аналітичне підґрунтя для більш обґрунтованого ухвалення управлінських рішень щодо стимулювання інноваційного розвитку ринку сільськогосподарської продукції. Практична цінність. Результати можуть бути використані органами державної та регіональної влади, керівниками сільськогосподарських підприємств та іншими суб’єктами аграрного сектора для збільшення масштабів і підвищення ефективності впровадження інновацій на ринку сільськогосподарської продукції.
Мета. Метою є теоретичне обґрунтування й оцінювання фінансового компонента економічної безпеки сільськогосподарських підприємств, а також розробка рекомендацій щодо його поліпшення на основі впровадження інструментів антикризового менеджменту, спрямованих на підвищення фінансової стійкості, адаптивності до зовнішніх загроз і забезпечення стабільного функціонування підприємств в умовах війни та повоєнної відбудови економіки України. Методологія. У роботі застосовано підхід, що поєднує фінансовий аналіз на мікрорівні на прикладі великих сільськогосподарських підприємств переважно під час COVID-19 і війни (2020–2024 рр.) та макроекономічний аналіз на рівні аграрного сектора України за період 2000–2024 рр. Визначено інтегральний індекс фінансового компонента економічної безпеки (ІФКЕБ) сільськогосподарських підприємств на основі показників рентабельності діяльності, ліквідності й фінансової автономії. Для визначення взаємозв’язків між фінансовими показниками сільськогосподарських підприємств і макроекономічними змінними використано кореляційний і регресійний аналіз. Під час обґрунтування механізму антикризового управління економічною безпекою застосовано структурний аналіз. Результати. Оцінювання фінансового компонента економічної безпеки великих сільськогосподарських підприємств виявило істотну диференціацію рівня їхньої фінансової стійкості і різноспрямовані тенденції її динаміки. Класифікація за ІФКЕБ дозволила виявити ті підприємства, які потребують посилення антикризових управлінських заходів. Величина ІФКЕБ має позитивний високий кореляційний зв’язок із чистим прибутком підприємств, помірний зв’язок із середньомісячною заробітною платою працівників й обернений високий зв’язок із зобов’язаннями. На державному рівні рентабельність діяльності сільськогосподарських підприємств має помірний кореляційний зв’язок із валютним курсом. Установлено статистично значущий позитивний вплив ланцюгового індексу середньомісячної заробітної плати в сільському господарстві й валютного курсу на розмір прибутку підприємств. Водночас ланцюгові індекси розміру державної підтримки аграрного сектора та кредитування не продемонстрували статистично значущого впливу в межах досліджуваного періоду. Побудована регресійна модель пояснює 63,8 % варіації прибутку сільськогосподарських підприємств. Обґрунтовано механізм і заходи антикризового управління, спрямовані на зміцнення фінансової стійкості, підвищення платоспроможності й адаптивності сільськогосподарських підприємств до умов воєнної нестабільності. Оригінальність. Це дослідження сприяє кращому розумінню стану й динаміки формування фінансового компонента економічної безпеки сільськогосподарських підприємств в умовах воєнного стану, а також їх адаптивності до кризових викликів. Подальшого розвитку набули положення щодо антикризового менеджменту через обґрунтування взаємозв’язку між фінансовою стійкістю сільськогосподарських підприємств, мікро- та макроекономічними чинниками. Практична цінність. Результати можуть бути використані менеджерами підприємств для ухвалення антикризових рішень, включаючи оптимізацію структури капіталу, управління зобов’язаннями та підвищення фінансової стійкості підприємств. Державні органи й аналітичні центри можуть застосовувати висновки для моніторингу економічної безпеки сільськогосподарських підприємств і планування програм підтримки фінансової та операційної стійкості галузі.
Мета. Метою дослідження є ідентифікація привабливості країн Європейського Союзу (ЄС) із погляду організації експорту харчової продукції підприємствами малого та середнього бізнесу України. Методологія. У дослідженні використано такі методи: аналізу, синтезу, узагальнення – для визначення особливостей і формулювання висновків щодо експорту харчової продукції до європейських країн; індексний – для виявлення характеру динаміки експорту харчової продукції за товарними групами до країн ЄС; матричний – для класифікації європейських країн із погляду їх пріоритетності для реалізації харчової продукції з України; кластерного аналізу – для групування країн за показниками активності компаній – переробників сировини та постачальників продукції private label на ринках; графічний – для візуалізації результатів. Дослідження виконано на основі даних Державної служби статистики України, Національного банку України, статистичної організації Європейської комісії. Результати. Відзначено перспективність експорту продовольчих товарів України. Протягом 2020–2024 рр. Україна експортувала продовольчих товарів і сировини для їх виробництва на суму 119,9 млрд дол. США. Щорічне зростання експорту товарів цієї групи становило 2,7 %. Класифіковано країни ЄС за ознаками їх привабливості для організації експорту харчової продукції підприємствами малого та середнього бізнесу України. На основі аналізу показників привабливості національних ринків і динаміки експортних потоків виокремлено пріоритетні країни ЄС для розвитку експортної діяльності. Визначено, що привабливими країнами для експорту харчової продукції з України є Польща, Німеччина, Нідерланди, Франція. Проведено кластеризацію країн, що дозволило ідентифікувати специфічні групи з урахуванням динаміки виробництва харчових продуктів та особливостей реалізації продукції у форматі private label. Оригінальність. Набула подальшого розвитку класифікація країн – членів ЄС за сукупністю показників їх привабливості щодо організації експорту харчової продукції підприємствами малого та середнього бізнесу з України. Запропоновані ознаки для типізації ринків і кластеризації країн можуть бути використані під час дослідження експортної привабливості зовнішніх ринків для реалізації інших видів продукції. Практична цінність. Результати можуть бути використані підприємствами малого та середнього бізнесу під час вибору країни для експорту харчової продукції та каналів її просування на європейських ринках. Вибір країн ЄС здійснюється в розрізі конкретних товарних груп, ураховуючи економічну привабливість, тенденції реалізації продукції та канали її просування, що забезпечить обґрунтованість рішень щодо діяльності підприємства на зовнішніх ринках.
Purpose. This paper aims to systematically review and synthesise existing food packaging Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) research, focusing on applications, methodologies, and results to provide insights and recommendations for researchers, policymakers, and industry stakeholders to enhance the methodological relevance, sustainability, and environmental performance of food packaging solutions. Methodology. This study employed a systematic literature review approach, comprising the following steps: data collection and selection, coding and categorisation of data to comprehensively describe and compare the methodology, and synthesis of the results. The literature search was conducted in the Scopus, Web of Science, ScienceDirect, and PubMed databases; the study selection was based on defined inclusion and exclusion criteria and followed a multi-stage screening process. The data comprise 88 peer-reviewed English-language journal papers published between 2000 and 2025; results were synthesised through qualitative analysis conducted in the RStudio environment. Results. An increase in LCA studies on food packaging is noted, which is intensifying against the backdrop of stricter regulatory requirements for plastics, packaging, and environmental assessment methods. Most often, such studies are based on data from European countries, with a prevalence of studies on food in general, as well as goods with a short shelf life, which draws attention to the functional aspects of packaging, namely its ability to extend shelf life and minimise waste. Concerning packaging materials, researchers are focusing on the assessment of new and biobased materials, as well as on the comparison of reusable and single-use packaging and recycling options, biomaterials, active, and smart packaging with traditional materials. From a methodological point of view, product-based functional units, packaging assessments using the cradle-to-grave method, and comparative LCAs are typically used. A synthesis of the reviewed cases facilitated the identification of the most common approach for conducting food packaging LCAs. Originality. The typical LCA methodology for food packaging in the European context is based on the application of ISO 14040 (in combination with ISO 14044), ReCiPe, environmental footprint, and product environmental footprint methods, utilising Ecoinvent databases and SimaPro software. An impact assessment based on midpoint indicators is carried out using a combination of 10 indicators, where the most frequent are the following: ozone depletion potential, marine eutrophication, global warming, climate change, freshwater eutrophication, ionising radiation, freshwater ecotoxicity, terrestrial acidification, acidification, and particulate matter formation. It is advisable to use comparative approaches based on the cradle-to-grave method, enabling a comprehensive impact assessment across all life cycle stages, supplemented by sensitivity and uncertainty analyses. Practical implications. The identified variability in assessment methodologies does not ensure the comparability of their results. Recommendations for conducting LCA should be specified in terms of requirements for disclosing information on methodological aspects of research and recommended sets of indicators. When making decisions on food packaging parameters, it is advisable for manufacturers to employ a multi-criteria approach, considering LCA results, functional properties, and economic aspects. At the policy level, decisions on restrictions (or incentives) for the use of certain types of packaging should consider the state of the secondary materials and waste management system, as well as its spatial configuration.
Purpose. The purpose of this study is to model the dynamics of total factor productivity in the agricultural sectors of European Union countries and Ukraine using the DEA-based Malmquist productivity index (MPI), with its decomposition into technical efficiency change (EFFCH), technological change (TECHCH), and scale efficiency change (SECH), to identify the key drivers of productivity growth and assess cross-country differences in efficiency dynamics. Methodology. The study employs a non-parametric Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) combined with the Malmquist productivity index to assess the dynamics of total factor productivity in the agricultural sectors of EU countries and Ukraine over 2015–2024. The index is decomposed into technical efficiency change, technological change, and, under variable returns to scale, pure (PECH) and scale efficiency change, enabling identification of key productivity drivers. The analysis is based on panel data for 28 decision-making units with multiple inputs and outputs. Estimation is conducted in R using the Benchmarking package, with average changes calculated via the geometric mean. Results. The results indicate a stable increase in total factor productivity in the agricultural sector, with the average Malmquist index exceeding unity for both EU countries (MPI = 1.025) and Ukraine (MPI = 1.021). Productivity growth is primarily driven by technological change (TECHCH > 1), while technical efficiency exhibits more moderate dynamics and declines during 2019–2021. Ukraine demonstrates a pattern where productivity gains are mainly driven by technological progress, accompanied by lower technical and scale efficiency, indicating the presence of structural inefficiencies. Originality. This study represents one of the first attempts to apply an integrated DEA-Malmquist framework to a unified panel of EU countries and Ukraine, enabling a comprehensive decomposition of productivity dynamics and identification of key drivers of total factor productivity growth. It identifies the dominant role of technological progress and reveals structural inefficiencies, particularly in Ukraine. Practical implications. The results provide a quantitative basis for improving agricultural policy and management decisions in EU countries and Ukraine. The findings highlight the need to complement technological modernisation with measures aimed at enhancing technical and scale efficiency, particularly in Ukraine. The study can be used by policymakers and stakeholders to design strategies for increasing productivity, optimising resource use, and strengthening competitiveness in the agricultural sector.
Purpose. The purpose of this study is to provide a quantitative assessment of how climatic, agroecological, technological, and economic factors have influenced the yields of Ukraine’s strategic crops (wheat, sunflower, and corn) over the 2002–2023 period. Methodology. The study is based on a three-stage approach involving trend analysis (evaluation of volatility and long-term patterns), correlation analysis (identification of relationships and their strength), and construction of multiple linear regression models. According to the IPCC AR6 methodology, these models identify the influence of the following factors: climatic (temperature during the growing season, annual precipitation), agroecological (volume of greenhouse gas emissions, livestock population), technological (volume of organic and mineral fertilisers applied) and economic (sales prices of the previous year). Results. A stable positive dynamic of the yield of all three crops was revealed during 2002–2023: the average annual increase was 0.0706 t/ha for sunflowers (R² = 0.863), 0.0827 t/ha for wheat (R² = 0.663), and 0.1937 t/ha for corn (R² = 0.776). A strong positive correlation was found between yield and mineral fertiliser application per hectare for sunflowers (r = 0.838) and corn (r = 0.828), as well as with greenhouse gas emissions for all crops (r = 0.688–0.725). The relationship between climatic factors and yield was statistically insignificant or weak for most of the studied crops. GHG is a statistically significant determinant of yield for all studied crops (p = 0.006–0.011), confirming the dominance of technological intensification. A systemic gap was identified between the crop and livestock sectors due to a strong negative correlation between yields and cattle population (ranging from -0.74 to -0.90), indicating soil degradation in terms of organic matter content. A significant impact of organic fertilisers on wheat yield was recorded (p = 0.03). Originality. The study substantiates that technological progress and adaptation measures in Ukraine’s agricultural sector have partially mitigated the impact of climate variability on the yields of wheat, sunflower, and corn. Based on a quantitative assessment of factor influences, a novel agroecosystem management framework is proposed. This framework classifies crops according to their response to anthropogenic load into two distinct categories: the ‘energy-intensive growth group’ (corn and sunflower) and the ‘resistance group’ (wheat). Practical implications. The findings serve as a basis for developing adaptive strategies: transition to precision agriculture to optimise resource use and increase yields, breeding for drought resistance, and mandatory restoration of livestock farming based on the principles of a circular economy to improve soil fertility.
Purpose. The aim is to assess the impact of expenditures on the financial sustainability and efficiency of forestry enterprises and to develop scientifically based proposals that increase the transparency and reliability of cost accounting, as costs represent the substantial foundation of both tangible and intangible asset valuation in the context of sustainable forest resource management. Methodology. The methodological basis includes systemic, structural-functional, and statistical approaches to assessing financial and environmental sustainability. The research involves a quantitative analysis of economic indicators, trends, and the structure of expenditures of forestry enterprises. It also generalises the key factors influencing business performance under external challenges, particularly in the context of wartime conditions. Results. The study revealed an increasing impact of material expenditures on the performance indicators of forestry enterprises. Three key areas of insufficient informational support were identified: assessment of cost sustainability, opportunities for diversification, and the need for revised reporting formats. The authors propose the inclusion of a dedicated section in reporting documents that addresses the effects of military actions on economic activity. The necessity of synchronising managerial and statistical reporting with multi-level information systems is substantiated, in order to implement environmental initiatives and align with the national green taxonomy framework. Originality. For the first time: 1) the economic, environmental, and socio-organisational factors that undermine the sustainability of forestry enterprises during wartime have been systematised; 2) the feasibility of introducing a separate informational section in statistical reports specifically dedicated to war-related expenditures and losses has been substantiated. Improved: the theoretical and methodological approaches to the formation of financial, statistical, and managerial reporting of forestry sector enterprises, taking into account the requirements of sustainable development and the need to synchronise ecological, economic, and social management factors. Further developed: the study of the impact of expenditures on the financial sustainability and efficiency of the forestry sector, with a focus on the mechanisms through which cost structures influence profitability, investment capacity, and sustainable development outcomes. Practical implications. Reflected in the enhancement of management and accounting tools in the forestry sector. It is proposed to add a new section to the state statistical reporting form of Ukraine (Form 4-LG), which details war-related expenditures and losses. The results are of direct importance to government bodies, to forestry enterprises and to investors and international partners, who gain a more realistic assessment of the investment potential of the sector when economic, environmental, and social risks are considered. These improvements enable more accurate assessments of external threats, support the development of investment-attractive “green” projects, and strengthen enterprises’ environmental and financial accountability. The proposed approaches may also serve as a basis for developing indicators to monitor the effectiveness of sustainability policies in natural resource management.
Purpose. This paper assesses the performance of different coffee farming systems in practice in the former Dak Nong Province of Vietnam, where farmers are increasingly adopting intercropping to diversify their income and manage production risks. Methodology. Based on survey data from 280 households, this study employs descriptive statistics, value added analysis, regression modelling, and carbon stock estimation to provide a comparative assessment of coffee monoculture with three intercropping models: coffee-durian, coffee-pepper, and coffee-avocado. Unlike previous studies that typically examine either economic or environmental performance in isolation, we jointly evaluate economic, social, and environmental outcomes across intercropping models for a more comprehensive comparison of their overall sustainability. Results. The results showed clear advantages of diversification over monoculture coffee. Coffee–durian farms generate the highest gross returns and profits, while coffee–avocado farms offer notably strong capital utilisation efficiency and labour productivity, which makes them suitable for households with limited labour resources. Intercropping also raises household income and creates more opportunities for hired labour, especially in coffee–durian systems. In environmental terms, adding fruit trees significantly increases standing biomass and carbon stocks: coffee–durian systems store approximately 4.1 times more and coffee-avocado systems store approximately 2.7 times more carbon than monoculture plots. Originality. This paper provides the first integrated, farm-level quantitative comparison of profitability, labour outcomes, and carbon sequestration across major coffee intercropping systems in Dak Nong, linking economic efficiency with climate-mitigation co-benefits. The best intercropping system depends on farmers’ constraints: capital-constrained households benefit more from coffee–avocado, while profit-oriented farmers achieve better results from coffee–durian. Moreover, only tree-based systems generate significant climate benefits, suggesting that economic and environmental objectives may not always align. Practical implications. The findings suggest that promoting well-managed coffee intercropping, particularly with durian or avocado, can support more resilient livelihoods while contributing to climate mitigation goals. Policy support should focus on providing technical guidance, access to credit, and market development to help farmers adopt and maintain these systems effectively.
Purpose. This study aims to identify and analyse the relationship between business performance and the sustainability of agribusiness micro, small, and medium enterprises (MSMEs) with operational resilience as a mediating variable. This study also seeks to explain how the dimensions of business performance, including financial performance, operational efficiency, market access, and innovation, can promote the achievement of economic, social, and environmental sustainability within the Triple Bottom Line (TBL) framework. Methodology. A quantitative approach was used through a survey of 300 agribusiness MSME actors in Central Java Province, Indonesia. Data analysis was performed using Structural Equation Modelling – Partial Least Squares (SEM-PLS) to test the model of direct and indirect relationships between variables. Validity and reliability tests were conducted to ensure data quality, while bootstrapping tests were used to confirm the significance of the mediation path. Results. The results show that business performance has a positive and significant effect on operational resilience (β = 0.297; p < 0.01) and MSME sustainability (β = 0.325; p < 0.01). It was found that operational resilience partially mediates the relationship between business performance and sustainability (VAF = 28.5%). Among the dimensions of business performance, market access and innovation exerted the most significant influence on enhancing both operational resilience and business sustainability. Originality. This study expands on the Resource-Based View (RBV) and Dynamic Capabilities theories by positioning operational resilience as a dynamic capability that bridges business performance and sustainability. The proposed conceptual model extends existing RBV and Dynamic Capabilities frameworks by explaining how internal performance-based resources are transformed into sustainable outcomes through operational resilience as a dynamic capability. Practical implications. The research findings offer valuable policy guidance for decision-makers aiming to enhance the resilience of MSMEs. Key strategies include improving access to financing, providing managerial training, facilitating market digitisation, and strengthening agribusiness cooperatives. Strengthening operational resilience has been shown to effectively accelerate progress toward achieving the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs 8, 9, and 12) within Indonesia’s agribusiness sector.
Purpose. The purpose of the study is to model the yield of cereal and legume crops at a regional level (using the example of the Odesa region) based on a complex of agrotechnological and climatic factors using regularised regression methods (Ridge, Lasso, ElasticNet). Methodology. The study applies economic and mathematical analysis using official statistics for 1995–2024. For modelling, 11 independent variables were selected, reflecting agrotechnological and climatic factors. The assessment was carried out using classical linear regression and its regularised modifications. Multicollinearity diagnostics, cross-validation, and analysis of statistical significance of coefficients were performed. Results. The study proved that regularised regression models (Ridge, Lasso, ElasticNet) significantly outperform classical OLS regression in yield forecasting accuracy under multicollinearity conditions. Ridge regression demonstrated the best predictive performance (R² = 0.606; RMSE = 4.46), effectively stabilising coefficient estimates for correlated predictors. Testing of the research hypothesis confirmed the statistically significant positive impact (p < 0.05) of agrotechnological factors on yield: sown area, mineral fertilisers, and pesticides. Among climatic factors, precipitation and the hydrothermal coefficient were identified as key positive drivers of productivity. Conversely, the hypothesis regarding negative stressors was confirmed: air moisture saturation deficit and wind speed exert a significant negative impact (p < 0.05) on yield, highlighting the vulnerability of the region to arid conditions. Originality. The novelty lies in combining agrotechnological and climatic indicators within the framework of regularised models. This approach accounts for multicollinearity and at the same time identifying the most significant yield factors. The obtained results provide deeper insights into relationships between grain yield and agrotechnological and climatic factors in the conditions of the Southern Steppe of Ukraine. Practical implications. The results of the study can be used by agricultural enterprises and regional authorities to optimise fertiliser systems, plan crop areas, select adaptive varieties, and increase the resilience of agricultural production to climate risks. The proposed models provide tools for predicting yields and making management decisions in agriculture.
Purpose. The aim was to identify the forms of economic activity in protected areas in the Carpathians, to name the essential problems and needs and to present findings for entrepreneurship support in the context of integrating economic performance, social inclusiveness, and environmental resilience. Methodology. Data, analysis and conclusions presented in the paper are based on the results of Focus Group Interviews (FGIs) that were conducted in Romania, Hungary, Ukraine, Poland, Slovakia and Czechia. The scenario for these FGIs was structured around a set of questions. FGIs from each country were transcribed and subsequently analysed using both quantitative and qualitative content analysis methods – a novel methodology in this regional context. The transcripts were coded, validated, and systematically categorised. Results. The mere legal and formal nature of protected areas is not perceived as a barrier to conducting entrepreneurial activities. Experts invited to the discussion agree with the necessity to protect the unique natural heritage of the Carpathians. However, protection should not solely rely on restriction of economic activities, but also on supporting entrepreneurship. Therefore, the protected areas themselves are not the problem, but rather the lack of systematic compensation for the restrictions and disadvantages resulting from the existence and operational framework of these areas. Originality. We are not aware of any scientific study monitoring this issue in the perspective of the entire region – all (six) countries crossed by the Carpathian mountain arc – and based on the assessment of experts actively involved in local entrepreneurship. This research provides a rare, panoramic view of entrepreneurship in Europe’s most extensive protected mountain region. Being conducted by a multidisciplinary and international team, it comes at a time of intense pan-European discourse on protecting the natural environment at the expense of limiting human economic activity. Practical implications. For policy makers: (i) at national levels, where laws directly allow or exclude human economic activities in the different levels of protection, (ii) at regional levels, where local institutions are deciding to promote or prohibit the use of resources and ecosystem services in protected areas for business purposes, depending on the degree of subsidiarity. Local governments and communities can be inspired by the idea of a collaborative approach to finding ways of development and appropriate forms of entrepreneurship. Educational institutions have a complex of incentives, examples of good practice for educating target groups.
Purpose. This study aims to identify the presence and key characteristics of decarbonisation trajectories in the agricultural sectors of Central Asian countries. Using Kazakhstan as a case study, it further examines the main drivers and constraints shaping these trajectories within the broader context of the green transition. Methodology. The paper develops and applies an original three-stage quantitative framework. First, Tapio decoupling analysis is conducted for four Central Asian countries. Second, additive LMDI decomposition is employed to disentangle the contributions of scale, structural and intensity effects. Third, ARDL modelling is applied to the case of Kazakhstan to estimate long-run elasticities with respect to key drivers. The analysis draws on harmonised data from FAOSTAT, the World Bank and national statistical sources covering the period 2003-2023. This approach enables the identification of decoupling states, the measurement of factor contributions, and the estimation of long-run relationships. Results. The findings reveal two distinct development patterns across the region. Uzbekistan and Tajikistan exhibit an emissions-intensive growth trap, characterised by persistent coupling between agricultural value added and greenhouse gas emissions. In contrast, Kazakhstan and Kyrgyzstan display features of a volatility trap, marked by unstable decoupling states in which episodes of strong decoupling largely coincide with periods of economic contraction. For Kazakhstan, the LMDI and ARDL results indicate that scale effects constitute the primary source of emissions growth. Moreover, higher investment is statistically associated with higher, rather than lower, emissions over the sample period, pointing to an apparent "investment paradox" that should be interpreted cautiously given the aggregated nature of the investment data and the limited econometric design. Originality. The study contributes to the literature in two principal ways: (1) empirically, it addresses Central Asia, a region for which systematic evidence on agricultural decarbonisation and decoupling remains limited; (2) methodologically, it proposes an integrated framework combining regional decoupling analysis with LMDI decomposition and ARDL-based estimation of long-run elasticities for Kazakhstan. In contrast to much of the existing literature, agricultural emissions are modelled not solely as a function of output levels, but also as outcomes influenced by investment, price and climate-related drivers, allowing their respective contributions to be quantified. The paper further advances a conceptual typology of agricultural decarbonisation traps in transition economies, distinguishing between emissions-intensive growth traps and volatility traps and linking these categories to the observed trajectories in Central Asia. Practical implications. The results underscore the importance of country-specific decarbonisation strategies that extend beyond uniform mitigation targets. In the case of emissions-intensive growth traps, policy should prioritise improvements in resource use and technological efficiency. For volatility traps, emphasis should be placed on stabilising growth dynamics, redirecting investment towards genuinely low-carbon technologies and aligning agricultural support mechanisms with national climate objectives. The proposed framework offers policymakers a diagnostic tool for assessing and monitoring agricultural decarbonisation pathways in other transition economies.
Purpose. Shifting consumer priorities in the food and beverage industry are increasingly shaping purchasing decisions, characterised by a marked tendency towards moderation and alcohol-free social activities. This phenomenon reflects a general trend towards healthy lifestyle and well-being, which contributes to declining alcohol consumption. The present article aims to undertake an assessment of the variety of consumer preferences and motives in the Slovak wine market using the wine-related lifestyle (WRL) approach to examine the current and future motivations of wine consumers. Methodology. The consumer study is based on online questionnaire survey conducted on a sample of Slovak wine consumer (n = 580). Both factor analysis and cluster analysis were applied in consumer segmentation, where four clusters were identified: (“Practical (Standard) Wine drinkers”, “Wine Connoisseurs”, “Lifestyle-oriented wine consumers” and “Brand-oriented wine consumers”). To further validate and profile the segments, the chi-square test of independence (with Cramér’s V) was used to examine associations between segment membership and categorical variables, while the non-parametric Kruskal–Wallis test identified differences in consumption, purchasing behaviour, and socio-demographic characteristics among segments. Results. The “Practical (Standard) wine drinkers” segment is characterised by its focus on the functional and value-oriented propositions, and its adherence to expert recommendations. Wine connoisseurs prioritise quality, placing significant emphasis on consumption rituals and the availability of detailed product information. Lifestyle-oriented wine consumers focus on the aesthetic and social aspects of wine consumption, where the overall experience remains the primary driver. Brand-oriented wine consumers, meanwhile, emphasise brand consistency, regional authenticity, and patriotism. The analysis further reveals that younger consumers showed a greater appreciation for the social and visual aspects of wine, while older consumers tended to prioritise quality and tradition. Originality. This study was the first to segment the Slovak market by employing the wine-related lifestyle (WRL) approach adapted specifically for the Slovak wine market. It provides updated market data and detailed consumer insights to facilitate more effective business-to-consumer engagement and a clearer understanding of consumption patterns in smaller wine markets. Practical implications. The findings provide actionable insights for wineries and marketers seeking to strengthen their market position and tailor their marketing communication to distinct consumer groups. Furthermore, the segmentation offers guidance for developing moderated- or low-alcohol alternatives in response to the evolving health-conscious behaviours of younger consumer groups.
Purpose. The aim of the study is to identify and evaluate regional differentiation in the branding of territorial communities through an assessment of the four analytical pillars of territorial brand maturity, and the classification of communities according to homogeneous brand characteristics, in order to provide an analytical basis for differentiated marketing strategies of territorial development at the regional level. Methodology. The methodological basis of the study is an integrated approach to assessing the maturity of territorial community brands, covering four interrelated dimensions: brand identity and communications, territorial assets, perception and reputation, brand management and stakeholder engagement. The empirical research is based on a combination of digital asset monitoring, geoinformation analysis, expert visual audit, content analysis of strategic and regulatory documents, media monitoring and user content analysis. The quantitative assessment was carried out by normalising indicators, calculating weighted composite indices and applying cluster analysis to identify typological groups of territorial communities. Results. The results of the study showed significant regional differentiation in the level and structure of brand maturity among local communities. Significant asymmetries were identified across all four brand dimensions, with communities with low institutional and managerial capacity in the field of territorial branding dominating. Based on the results of cluster analysis, groups of communities were identified – leaders, transitional types, and territories with fragmented or undeveloped branding practices. It has been proven that a strong brand narrative and positive digital reputation can partially compensate for limited material resources, while the lack of institutionalised brand management significantly hinders its development even in financially capable communities. Originality. The novelty lies in the development and empirical testing of a multidimensional quantitative methodology for assessing the institutional maturity of territorial communities’ brands. The proposed cluster approach to typologising communities by brand maturity expands existing research on territorial branding. It enables systematic comparative analysis and the identification of stable patterns of regional differentiation, moving beyond descriptive assessments. Practical implications. The practical significance of the results lies in the possibility of their use by local self-government bodies and regional institutions as an analytical tool for diagnosing the state of the territorial brand, identifying structural constraints, and developing evidence-based, differentiated branding strategies that take into account the resource potential and institutional capacity of territorial communities.
Purpose. This study aims to evaluate the impact of Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership (RCEP) tariff commitments on China’s staple grain trade by applying the Global Trade Analysis Project (GTAP) model. In addition, it examines the deviations between model-based trade projections and actual trade outcomes to identify the main sources of inconsistency. Methodology. This study applies the GTAP computable general equilibrium model to simulate the impact of tariff adjustments under RCEP. Using CEPII database indicators to update economic conditions to 2022, the study constructs multiple trade scenarios and compares the predicted results with actual trade data from 2022 to 2023 to assess the accuracy and deviations of the predictions. Results. The analysis shows that tariff reductions under RCEP stimulated grain exports, especially rice, but the positive effects diminished over time, while imports of certain products, such as processed rice, declined. Model simulations predicted export growth of 1 to 5% and import decreases of 1.5 to 2%. However, a comparison with actual trade flows indicates that these effects were overstated. External factors – such as fluctuations in international grain prices, domestic production conditions, and agricultural policy adjustments – had a stronger impact, leading to deviations between the predictions and the actual outcomes. Originality. This study focuses on the impact of RCEP on China’s staple grain trade, comparing GTAP model predictions with actual post-RCEP trade data. It provides an empirical analysis of prediction deviations and reveals the limitations of tariff-based trade forecasts in volatile agricultural markets. Practical value. The findings provide empirical evidence for policymakers, highlighting that tariffs alone have a constrained impact on actual grain trade outcomes. The results underscore the necessity of a multidimensional approach that accounts for macroeconomic volatility, environmental conditions, and policy shifts. The study advocates for a balanced approach, combining moderate tariff reductions with flexible trade strategies, to strengthen the resilience of staple grain markets.
Purpose. The purpose of the study is to assess the state of the potato seed market and substantiate a cluster model for the development of potato growing on the basis of innovative bioeconomy, which will allow increasing the efficiency of domestic seed production and reduce Ukraine's dependence on imported planting material. Methodology / approach. Integrated methods of biotechnological and economic research were used in the work. In particular, methods of analysis and synthesis, statistical groupings of data on the state of varieties of domestic and foreign selection in potato growing, needs for high-quality seed material. Economic theories of industry markets of innovative development of agricultural production of bioeconomy, methods of modelling cluster ecosystems on the basis of partnership of science and business (innovative providing), analytical generalisations (deterministic, factorial) and synthesis of data of marketing research and production practices were used. Results. The state and problems of the development of domestic potato farming, provision of producers with seed material were determined. The cluster model of development and dissemination of scientific innovations in the field of potato farming on the basis of public-private partnership is substantiated. Methodological approaches and innovative practices of the National Project "Ukrainian Potato" on testing bioeconomic indicators of production and sale of innovative potato products of domestic selection are analysed. The advantages of the cluster system of partnership between science and business in the field of seed and food potato production are proven. Originality / scientific novelty. The novelty lies in the practical testing of the cluster approach to the development of the seed potato market based on innovative bioeconomy. For the first time, a functional model of a cluster as a system of interaction between science, business and the state in the form of a contractual partnership is developed and tested. Institutional and economic mechanisms for the formation of the national market of certified seeds are proposed. Practical value / implications. The research results are used in the formation of a target program for the development of the potato industry for the long term, the creation of public-private product clusters to provide the population with quality potato products. The proposed cluster model, taking into account the existing demand for high-quality domestic potato seeds, can be scaled to other regions of Ukraine.
Purpose. The aim is to substantiate, develop and test a methodical approach for assessing the competitive advantages of organic products in order to build and ensure the competitiveness of Ukrainian producers of organic products in domestic and foreign markets. Methodology / approach. The following methods were used: abstract-logical to determine the theoretical basis for the formation of competitive advantages of organic products; graphical to analyse trends in the formation of competitive advantages of enterprises; economic-statistical to characterise the state of the organic products market and identify the features of its development; mathematical modelling to determine the integral indicators of the competitive potential of organic products. The empirical part of the study was carried out using data collected during a survey of Ukrainian organic producers, selected in accordance with specific criteria. Results. A methodical approach to quantitative assessment of competitive advantages of organic products is developed, which includes stages of determining these advantages and the position of the enterprise in the market, as well as developing a strategy to ensure the competitiveness of producers of these products. It is based on determining the cost of production, profitability of production and sales, market share and product quality as the main indicators of competitive advantages. Based on a survey of organic product producers, the competitive environment was determined, and the main prerequisites and obstacles for the development of organic farming in Ukraine were identified. The results of the analysis of the yield, profitability, cost and prices of organic products of domestic producers indicate the presence of competitive advantages. A concept of the advantages of organic products has been developed, which will ensure the competitiveness of domestic organic products on the Ukrainian and global markets. Originality / scientific novelty. For the first time, a concept for the formation of competitive advantages for organic products has been developed, according to which producers of certified organic products operate in an open system characterised by close links between the institutional, socio-economic and natural-resource environments, taking into account the Sustainable Development Goals and the specific features of the country's European integration development vector. Practical value / implications. The developed methodical approach allows organic producers to identify and assess their competitive advantages in order to improve their competitive status, build competitiveness, and increase economic efficiency. The results of modelling the integrated indicator of the competitive potential of organic producers make it possible to assess the overall level of this potential and its main components, as well as to compare enterprises and use the results of the analysis to identify strengths and weaknesses and areas for improving competitive potential.
Purpose. This study aims to assess the competitiveness and export efficiency of palm oil from Like-Minded Countries (LMC) to the European Union (EU) during 2013–2022, with a specific focus on the potential implications of the EU Deforestation-free Regulation (EUDR). Methodology / approach. Competitiveness was evaluated using Revealed Comparative Advantage (RCA), Export Product Dynamics (EPD), and the X-model, while export efficiency was estimated through Stochastic Frontier Analysis (SFA). Data were obtained from UN Comtrade, Trade Map, and the World Bank. The methodological novelty lies in integrating these tools to provide a multidimensional assessment of trade performance under emerging sustainability regulations. Results. The findings show notable fluctuations in competitiveness among LMC palm oil exporters. Colombia, Malaysia, and Côte d’Ivoire recorded improved positions, while Brazil and Indonesia experienced declines. Several countries shifted from dynamic or “rising star” categories to “lost opportunity” status, indicating reduced competitiveness. Efficiency analysis revealed substantial gains for Malaysia and Colombia, whereas Nigeria and Argentina showed little or no progress. This study confirm that regulatory barriers have hindered the growth of imports into the EU, leading to a significant imbalance between potential and actual export volumes from LMC countries. Originality / scientific novelty. By combining RCA, EPD, and the X-model within the framework of the EUDR, this study offers a new approach to assessing palm oil trade dynamics under sustainability-driven trade barriers. The use of SFA to measure export efficiency in this context contributes novel insights to the literature on trade competitiveness and environmental policy impacts. Practical value / implications. The results provide actionable evidence for policymakers, businesses, and trade organisations in LMC. Identifying competitiveness gaps and efficiency constraints will support strategy adjustments, enhance export performance, and strengthen resilience to the EUDR. Such measures can help LMC maintain market access, optimise supply chains, and sustain their competitive position in the EU palm oil market.
Purpose. This study aims to assess how entrepreneurial orientation (EO) and credit access – particularly informal credit – jointly influence farmers’ decisions and intentions regarding income diversification. It identifies the determinants of credit choice and evaluates the interaction between EO and credit utilisation in shaping diversification strategies among rural households. Methodology / approach. Survey data from 367 borrowing farmers in Vietnam’s Mekong Delta were analysed using Probit and Multinomial Logit (Mlogit) models. Probit models identify factors influencing credit choices, while Mlogit models assess EO and credit source effects on past and future diversification. The study introduces an EO scale incorporating passivity, conservatism, and imitation. Results. The results reveal that entrepreneurial orientation significantly increases farmers’ likelihood of income diversification, especially when combined with commercial bank credit. This interaction suggests that entrepreneurial households better leverage formal credit for new income activities. In contrast, subsidised credit supports production but not diversification, while informal credit – despite its higher costs – remains vital for small-scale investment. Overall, the findings highlight that diversification depends not only on credit access but also on how EO enables households to use credit for entrepreneurial transformation. Originality / scientific novelty. This study contributes new behavioural evidence on how EO interacts with different credit types to shape farmers’ diversification behaviour. It advances existing literature by integrating EO into credit – diversification models and by developing an expanded EO scale that includes passivity, conservatism, and imitation – traits that are often overlooked in rural entrepreneurship research. By combining behavioural finance and rural credit analysis, the study provides a more comprehensive understanding of how entrepreneurial capacity and credit structures jointly influence livelihood diversification in emerging economies. Practical value / implications. Policymakers should integrate financial literacy training, simplify loan applications, and expand digital financial services. Strengthening bank-microfinance partnerships and local credit cooperatives can improve credit access and encourage diversification. Enhancing EO and credit access can support sustainable livelihoods, poverty reduction, and rural resilience. Further qualitative research should explore borrowing decisions and long-term EO effects.
Мета. Метою дослідження є оцінювання стану ринку насіннєвої картоплі й обґрунтування кластерної моделі розвитку картоплярства на засадах інноваційної біоекономіки, що дозволить підвищити ефективність вітчизняного насінництва та зменшити залежність України від імпорту насіннєвого матеріалу. Методологія / методика / підхід. У процесі роботи застосовували інтегровані методи біотехнологічних та економічних досліджень. Зокрема, методи аналізу й синтезу, статистичних групувань даних щодо стану сортів вітчизняної та іноземної селекції в картоплярстві, потреб у якісному насіннєвому матеріалі. Задіяно економічні теорії галузевих ринків інноваційного розвитку біоекономіки, методи моделювання кластерних екосистем на засадах партнерства науки та бізнесу (інноваційного провайдингу), аналітичних узагальнень (детермінованих, факторних) та синтезу даних маркетингових досліджень і виробничих практик. Результати. Визначено стан і проблеми розвитку вітчизняного картоплярства, забезпечення виробників насіннєвим матеріалом. Обґрунтовано кластерну модель освоєння та розповсюдження наукових інновацій у сфері картоплярства на засадах державно-приватного партнерства. Проаналізовано методичні підходи й інноваційні практики Національного проєкту «Українська картопля» щодо оцінювання біоекономічних показників виробництва та реалізації інноваційної продукції картоплярства вітчизняної селекції. Доведено переваги кластерної системи партнерства науки й бізнесу у сфері виробництва насіннєвої та продовольчої картоплі. Оригінальність / наукова новизна. Новизна полягає в практичній апробації кластерного підходу до розвитку ринку насіннєвої картоплі на основі інноваційної біоекономіки. Уперше розроблено й протестовано функціональну модель кластера як системи взаємодії науки, бізнесу та держави у формі договірного партнерства. Запропоновано інституційні та економічні механізми формування національного ринку сертифікованого насіння. Практична цінність / значущість. Результати досліджень використовують під час формування цільової програми розвитку галузі картоплярства на довгостроковий період, створення державно-приватних продуктових кластерів для забезпечення населення якісною продукцією картоплярства. Запропонована кластерна модель з урахуванням наявного попиту на якісне вітчизняне насіння картоплі може бути масштабована на інші регіони України.
