This paper presents the edition of a new funerary inscription recently discovered within the municipal territory of Lucena (Cordoba). It is a white limestone stele preserving the epitaph of a woman named Deutera, dated to the Julio-Claudian period. The find is remarkable for its onomastic interest, as the uninominal structure of the name suggests that she was a slave, reinforced by the Greek origin of the anthroponym, which is moreover sparsely attested in Hispanian epigraphy. Consequently, her attestation in such an early historical context, within an area of incipient Romanization, allows us to suggest a link with a family of Roman citizens or with a deeply Romanised family. In this regard, a possible association with the Fuficii is proposed, a gens of probable Italic origin, possibly settled in Augusta Firma (Astigi), which may have owned rural estates in what is now the Campi & ntilde;a Sur and Subb & eacute;tica regions of Cordoba.
The origin of the human settlement of the Canary Islands is an open problem that tests the limits of historical knowledge. The aim of this research is to propose an explanatory model that allows us to understand the obscure process by which the archipelago became part of the inhabited world. The first part of this study reviews the archaeological record of the archipelago in order to establish the basic historical references. The second investigates the ethnic organisation of ancient Africa under Roman rule with the intention of revealing the complexity of the possible social contexts of origin of the first settlers of the islands. It explores the network of political, social and economic relations maintained between the Roman authorities and the African gentes, revising the old historiographical paradigms that conceived the links between them in Manichean and simplistic terms. As a result, I propose the hypothesis of an autonomous settlement (without any external intervention) forced by necessity, as the ultimate solution to a historical conjuncture such as to face the colonisation of a territory never contemplated as a habitable world until the 3rd century A.D.
The military sacramentum was a requirement as important for Roman military organization as it was difficult to locate and define for modern research, which has traditionally prioritized some sources over others. Among the literary sources that have received the most attention, there have been works that have been used far more-such as Livy's Ab urbe condita or Tacitus' Annales and Historiae-than others, and among these works, the Epistulae by Gaius Plinius Caecilius Secundus stands out. In this work, inserted into the rich literary genre of epistolography, there are two mentions made by the author of the sacramentum, which, despite being few, provide tremendous amount of information. The objective of this work is precisely to underline the importance of this information, long overlooked, and to provide some interpretations that shed light on the time of recruitment of recruits into the Roman Army, as well as on the influence this phenomenon had on the Christian lexicon of the Latin West from the third century AD onward.
In this work we present an interpretation of the structures discovered at the archaeological site of Cercadilla (Cordoba), based on the analysis of the epigraphic and legal documentation, as well as the archaeological testimonies, concluding the hypothesis that this monumental complex, located in what was the suburbium occidentalis of Corduba, was built and had as its first function that of the headquarters of the vicarius of the Dioecesis Hispaniarum, subsequently passing, by decision of Constant I, into the power of the ecclesia cordubensis of Bishop Osio, who gave the complex a second use of a cult nature, establishing, among other elements, a martyr basilica.
This article presents an unpublished fragment of a Roman military diploma preserved in the National Museum of Roman Art in M & eacute;rida, dated to AD 128. The fragment belongs to tabula I of a diploma issued during the reign of Hadrian. The significance of the document lies in the fact that it constitutes one of the earliest epigraphic testimonies that can be dated with precision in which Hadrian is granted the title Pater Patriae, definitively accepted by the emperor in that same year. Furthermore, the study of the extrinsecus allows the diploma to be attributed to a soldier of the cohors I Ulpia Dacorum, a unit raised under Trajan and stationed on the Syrian front. The possible identification of the prefect Tiberius Claudius Maximinus suggests that the fragment may correspond to the earliest known discharge of this cohort, thus providing new evidence for the administrative and military history of the Roman East.
This paper analyzes the various hypotheses that have been put forward regarding the phenomenon of so-called "Lusitanian banditry" and the causes of the Lusitanian Wars of the 2nd century BC, presenting a novel proposal that complements previous ones in order to provide a more robust and precise interpretation of these two issues. In this sense, it is argued that a fundamental cause for the emergence of what the Romans generally referred to as latrones and praedones in the southern territories of Lusitania during the 2nd and 1st centuries BC was the result of a series of gradual migratory movements that had been developing since the beginning of the 2nd century BC, originating from the northwest quadrant of the Iberian Peninsula, towards the Tagus Valley. This would have generated a disruption of economic and social equilibrium in this territory, provoking conflicts in the southern regions of Hispania already conquered by the Romans and contributing to the outbreak of the Lusitanian Wars.
This article analyses three political conspiracies led by the Augustae Faustina the Younger and Lucilla. The plots, independently undertaken by mother and daughter, took place at different moments between the years 169 and 182, and were directed against the emperors and their relatives Lucius Verus, Marcus Aurelius, and Commodus. To this end, the study is structured around the accounts of classical authors who recount these episodes, as well as the main contemporary research that examines them. Thus, the introductory section sets out both the foundations and the main conspiratorial motives of imperial women during the Principate, as well as a critical methodological approach to the biases of Roman historiography regarding female participation in political machinations. Likewise, throughout the article, an effort is made to determine whether their alleged involvement corresponds to contexts and intentions considered plausible by the academic community or whether, on the contrary, there are doubts about their veracity. Be that as it may, authors such as Cassius Dio, Herodian, and the biographer of the Historia Augusta employ, regarding mother and daughter, certain literary commonplaces embedded in the perpetuation of a biased and hegemonic discourse on female conduct deemed extra mores within the political sphere.
The agones were administered jointly by the sanctuary that hosted them and the city on which it depended. In Roman imperial times, Greek cities used these ceremonies to increase their prestige and visibility in relation to other civic communities. This is why many games were created ex novo in Greek-speaking territories. Some of these agons became so famous in the Roman Empire that its cities used their names to designate some of their institutions, such is the case of the Olympic Boul & eacute; and the Actian Boul & eacute;. This article will analyse the functions attributed to both institutions, expressly indicating their relationship with the agones, and will study the possible members that made up the Actian Boul & eacute;.
In an article that appeared in the Florentine newspaper "La Nazione" in 1883, an epigraphic fragment and an inscription were described. Both documents are now lost, but at the time they were preserved in Livorno, where they may have arrived due to antiquarian collecting. For the fragment, it seems possible to identify a publication of a scientific nature a few decades later, but in a different form from that of the first mention. The second document instead, a funerary inscription commissioned by an imperial freedman for his alumnus, constitutes the only attestation of a tabularius sacrarum pecuniarum provinciae Cretae. The analysis of the use of the locution sacrae pecuniae in other epigraphic sources and in the Cretan context leads us to believe that this office, long related to the administration of imperial property on the Aegean island, is instead to be considered as a specificity of that province, where the use by the imperial authority of funds belonging to temples or sanctuaries for the realisation of works of public utility is attested.
This paper, which begins with a review of the study of youth in the late Republic, analyzes the references to youth in general, and to young noblemen in particular, in that peculiar little work composed by Arpinate's brother and known as the Candidate's Manual, in order to ask ourselves, among other questions, who constitutes this group of youths mentioned therein. Our proposal is that the youths referred to by Quintus Cicero in his pamphlet can be identified with the barbatuli iuvenes mentioned by his brother in letters to Atticus dated the first half of 61. Furthermore, and closely related to this first question, we believe that, contrary to what some authors have suggested in recent years, the events that occurred in the Urbs during the decade of the sixties should not be viewed at all as an intergenerational conflict, a situation that, in our opinion, did not occur, at least not at that time. The erroneous interpretation of these events as a conflict between generations stems from an incorrect definition of this fundamental term.
En el presente artículo se analizan tres conjuras políticas protagonizadas por las Augustae Faustina la Menor y Lucila. Las conspiraciones, emprendidas de forma independiente por madre e hija, tuvieron lugar en distintos momentos entre los años 169 y 182, y estuvieron dirigidas contra los emperadores y familiares Lucio Vero, Marco Aurelio y Cómodo. Con este propósito, el estudio se estructura en torno a las narraciones de los autores clásicos que se hacen eco de los episodios y a las principales investigaciones contemporáneas que los examinan. En el apartado introductorio se plantean los fundamentos y principales móviles conspirativos de las mujeres imperiales durante el Principado como una aproximación metodológica crítica de los sesgos de la historiografía romana relativos a la participación femenina en maquinaciones. A lo largo del artículo se procede a observar si su presunta implicación obedece a contextos y pretensiones plausibles para la comunidad académica o si, por el contrario, existen dudas acerca de su veracidad. Sea como fuere, autores como Dion Casio, Herodiano y el biógrafo de la Historia Augusta emplearán sobre madre e hija determinados lugares comunes literarios insertos en la perpetuación de un tendencioso y hegemónico discurso respecto a la actuación femenina extra mores en la esfera política.
El presente trabajo analiza las distintas hipótesis que se han planteado sobre el fenómeno del llamado “bandidaje lusitano” y sobre las causas de las guerras lusitanas del s. II a.C. para presentar una propuesta novedosa que se suma a las anteriores con el fin de dar una interpretación más sólida y precisa sobre las dos cuestiones citadas. En este sentido, se plantea que una causa fundamental para el surgimiento de lo que los romanos llamaron de manera generalizada como latrones y praedones en los territorios meridionales de Lusitania durante los s. II y I a.C era el resultado de un conjunto de movimientos migratorios paulatinos que se estaban desarrollando desde comienzos del s. II a.C. partiendo del cuadrante noroeste de la península ibérica, hacia el valle del Tajo. Ello habría generado una ruptura de equilibrios económicos y sociales en este territorio provocando conflictos en las regiones de Hispania ya conquistadas por los romanos y contribuyendo al inicio de las guerras lusitanas.
El sacramento militar fue un requisito tan importante para la organización militar romana como difícil de localizar y definit para la investigación moderna, que tradicionalmente ha priorizado unas fuentes sobre otras. Dentro de las fuentes que más atención han recibido, las literarias, ha habido obras muchísimo más utilizadas --como la Ab urbe condita de Livio o Annales e Historiae de Tácito-- que otras, y dentro de esas otras destaca Epistulae de Cayo Plinio Cecilio Segundo. En esta obra, inserta en el rico género literario de la epistolografía, se encuentran dos menciones hechas por el autor al sacramentum, que a pesar de ser pocas, arrojan una descomunal cantidad de información. El objetivo de este trabajo es, precisamente, subrayar la importancia de dicha información, largo tiempo obviada, y aportar algunas interpretaciones sobre esta que arroje luz sobre el momento de incorporación de los reclutas al ejército romano, así como sobre la influencia que este fenómeno tuvo en el léxico cristiano del Occidente latino a partir del siglo III d. C.
Exponemos en este trabajo una interpretación de las estructuras descubiertas en el yacimiento arqueológico de Cercadilla (Córdoba), basada en el análisis de la documentación epigráfica y jurídica, así como en los testimonios arqueológicos. Concluimos la hipótesis de que este conjunto monumental, ubicado en el que fue suburbium occidentalis de Corduba, fue edificado y tuvo como primera función la de ser sede del vicarius de la Dioecesis Hispaniarum, pasando ulteriormente, por decisión de Constante I, a poder de la ecclesia cordubensis del obispo Osio, la cual dio al complejo un segundo uso de carácter cultual, instaurando, entre otros elementos, una basílica martirial.
En este trabajo se presenta la edición de una nueva inscripción funeraria hallada recientemente en el término municipal de Lucena (Córdoba). Se trata de una estela de piedra caliza blanca que conserva el epitafio de una mujer llamada Deutera, datable en época julio-claudia. El hallazgo destaca por su interés onomástico, ya que la estructura uninominal del nombre sugiere una condición servil, reforzada por el origen griego del antropónimo, que se encuentra además poco documentado en la epigrafía hispana. Por consiguiente, su aparición en un contexto histórico tan temprano, en una zona de incipiente romanización, permite plantear su vinculación con una familia de ciudadanos romanos o profundamente romanizada. En este caso, se propone una posible relación con los Fuficii, una gens de probable origen itálico asentada posiblemente en Augusta Firma (Astigi), que habría poseído propiedades rústicas en el territorio actual de la Campiña Sur y Subbética cordobesas.
Los agones eran administrados conjuntamente por el santuario que los acogía y por la ciudad de la que dependía. En época imperial romana, las ciudades griegas usaron estas ceremonias para incrementar su prestigio y visibilidad en relación con las restantes comunidades cívicas. Este es el motivo por el que muchos juegos fueron creados ex novo en los territorios de habla griega. Algunos de estos agones adquirieron tanta fama en el Imperio romano que sus ciudades utilizaron sus nombres para designar a algunas de sus instituciones, tal es el caso de la Boulé Olímpica y la Boulé Actíaca. El presente artículo analizará las funciones que se les atribuye a ambas instituciones, indicando expresamente su relación con los agones, y se estudiarán los posibles miembros que conformaron la Boulé Actíaca.
