The Maluku Sea is a body of water with considerable potential in terms of the fisheries sector. Several fish aggregations are located in the Maluku Sea that are being checked using a Simrad EK-15 single beam echosounder with a frequency of 200 kHz kHz using the hydroacoustic method to record fish echoes. The hydroacoustic method provides information in the form of echoes from fish groups or fish volume. The backscattering strength (SV) is distributed around the fish aggregating device. This study aims to detect the presence of pelagic fish using hydroacoustic technology in the form of backscatter values and to analyze the relationship between pelagic fish SV and temperature, salinity, and currents around fish aggregating devices in the Maluku Sea. Fish aggregating devices in the Maluku Sea are dominated by small pelagic fish with fish aggregating device constructions reaching 70 meters below the water surface, there are buoys tied with floating ropes and artificial attractors such as palm fronds and weights. The temperature profile is around 29.73 – 26.85 °C, salinity ranges from 34.4 to 34.9 PSU, and the current speed is 0.2 meters per second. The distribution of fish SV values in the three fish aggregating devices was at a depth of 5 to 20 meters with SV values ranging from -46.53 to -52.91 dB, indicating that the fish aggregating devices greatly influenced the distribution of pelagic fish that tend to gather and follow the presence of attractors in the fish aggregating devices.
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pola penyebaran gumpalan termal dan meneliti hubungannya dengan struktur komunitas plankton di perairan pantai Lombok. Penelitian ini menggunakan data pemantauan lingkungan sekunder yang dikumpulkan pada Mei 2025 dan pemodelan numerik dua dimensi menggunakan MIKE 21 untuk mensimulasikan sirkulasi hidrodinamik dan transportasi termal. Struktur komunitas plankton dievaluasi menggunakan indeks keanekaragaman Shannon-Wiener, keseragaman, dan dominasi, sedangkan hubungan antara variabel lingkungan dan plankton dinilai menggunakan korelasi peringkat Spearman dan Analisis Korespondensi. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa penyebaran gumpalan termal terutama dikendalikan oleh arus pasang surut, sirkulasi permukaan, dan angin, menghasilkan massa air hangat yang memanjang sejajar dengan garis pantai dengan suhu tertinggi tetap terlokalisasi di dekat muara. Area gumpalan yang dimodelkan didominasi oleh kelas suhu 30-30,5 °C, meliputi 62,21-66,06 km2 di seluruh fase hidrodinamik, sedangkan zona suhu yang lebih tinggi terbatas secara spasial. Keanekaragaman plankton berkisar antara 1,93 hingga 2,21, keseragaman antara 0,86 hingga 0,96, dan dominasi antara 0,12 hingga 0,17, menunjukkan komunitas yang cukup beragam dan relatif stabil. Suhu tidak berkorelasi signifikan dengan keanekaragaman (r = 0,00; p > 0,05), tetapi menunjukkan hubungan positif yang kuat dengan keseragaman (r = 0,95; p = 0,05). Secara keseluruhan, dinamika komunitas plankton di area penelitian dipengaruhi tidak hanya oleh paparan termal, tetapi juga oleh kondisi nutrisi dan proses hidrodinamika lokal.
Indonesia supports one of the world's largest fisheries targeting spiny lobster pueruli (Panulirus spp.) to supply capture-based aquaculture, yet ecological information describing puerulus occurrence in many coastal settlement areas remains scarce. This study presents preliminary ecological observations from Moramo Bay, Southeast Sulawesi, Indonesia, based on standardized artificial pocong collectors deployed at three representative shallow coastal stations characterized by coral–sand mixtures, seagrass beds, and sandy substrates. Because artificial collectors intercept actively swimming pueruli during the transition from the pelagic to the benthic phase, the data represent collector-associated occurrence rather than direct measurements of natural settlement or habitat preference. A total of 319 pueruli belonging to two species were recorded, comprising Panulirus ornatus (79.31%) and P. homarus (20.69%). Collector catches varied among the three representative sampling stations, with the highest abundance observed at the seagrass-associated station. Field observations were interpreted together with satellite-derived mean sea surface temperature (SST) and chlorophyll-a concentration (2022–2024) to characterize the regional oceanographic setting surrounding the sampling area. The spatial variation observed among stations may reflect the combined influence of local habitat setting, coastal hydrodynamics, larval transport processes, and differences in collector exposure rather than habitat characteristics alone. Since each habitat type was represented by a single sampling station, these findings should be interpreted as station-level ecological observations rather than replicated habitat comparisons. Although preliminary, this study establishes an ecological baseline for Moramo Bay and provides a scientific foundation for future investigations integrating replicated habitat surveys, larval connectivity, and oceanographic processes to strengthen evidence-based management of Indonesia's lobster puerulus fisheries.
Coral reef ecosystems are centers of biodiversity with high productivity in tropical waters; however, information on reef fish communities and their behavioral interactions with coral colonies in the Seribu Islands remains limited. This study aimed to identify reef fish species, coral genera utilized by reef fishes, and variations in reef fish behavior associated with coral colony structures. An Underwater Video Survey (UVS) was conducted using systematic underwater video recordings at Panjang, Pelangi, Belanda, and Kelapa Islands, Jakarta, Indonesia. The Videos were analysed to identify reef fish species, coral genera, and behavioural patterns associated with coral colonies. A total of 215 reef fish species belonging to 82 genera and 29 families were identified across the study sites. Kelapa Island exhibited the highest species richness (120 species), followed by Belanda Island (119 species) and Panjang Island (107 species), while Pelangi Island showed the lowest richness (83 species). Sixteen coral genera were recorded, with Acropora and Porites being the most dominant and occurring at all study sites. In contrast, Cyhastrea, Echinophyllia, Echinopora, Monstastraea, Platygra, and Pocillopora were restricted to a single location. Acropora and Porites also supported the highest numbers of associated reef fish species. A total of 13 behavioural categories were observed. Feeding, roaming, and hovering were the dominant behaviours across all study sites, whereas cleaning, resting, ambush, and aggressive behaviours were less frequent. Variations in behavioural patterns among islands suggest that complexity influences both reef fish diversity and behavioural expression. These findings highlight the importance of structurally complex coral habitats in supporting reef fish diversity and ecological functions in the Seribu Islands.
Terumbu karang adalah ekosistem purba, megah, dan tinggi produktivitas serta keanekaragamannya (Thomas dan Raymond, 2008). Terumbu karang bertumbuh setiap tahun dengan ukuran yang berbeda-beda tergantung pada kondisi lingkungan sekitar (Arman et al., 2013). Penelitian mengenai pertumbuhan terumbu karang sudah banyak dilakukan, namun prediksi pertumbuhan karang menjadi topik yang menarik dan belum banyak diteliti. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan model pertumbuhan terumbu karang berdasarkan lingkar tahunan dengan metode logika fuzzy. Suhu permukaan laut (SPL) adalah salah satu faktor kunci yang mempengaruhi pertumbuhan terumbu karang (Westmacott et al., 2000; Sterr, 2001; Koontanakulvong, 2008; Thomas dan Raymond, 2008; Arman et al., 2013; Lalang, 2015). Analisis Indian Ocean Dipole (IOD) menemukan lima fenomena, ditandai oleh kenaikan SPL yang cukup signifikan. Lima fenomena tersebut terjadi pada tahun 1966-1967 (+IOD), 1969-1970 (-IOD), 1973-1974 (-IOD), 1983-1984 (-IOD), serta tahun 1987-1988 (+IOD). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa lingkar tahunan Porites lutea di stasiun sisi utara Pulau Tunda polanya mengikuti fluktuasi SPL. Stasiun di selatan Pulau Tunda yang berhadapan langsung dengan Pulau Jawa, polanya tidak mengikuti pola SPL. Stasiun di utara berbatasan langsung dengan perairan terbuka dan tidak terlindung dari pulau-pulau di sekitar. Simulasi pertumbuhan menunjukkan bahwa terumbu karang akan mampu beradaptasi terhadap perubahan iklim. Pada tahun 2085, terumbu karang bertumbuh dari -0,75 cm dan bergerak naik menjadi 0,1 cm di tahun 2100. Berdasarkan proyeksi SPL pada rentang tahun 1900-2100, anomaly SPL akan terus naik hingga mencapai 0,45 °C.
