Marasmius haematocephalus forms a distinctive pan-tropical species complex. While it has been confirmed that M. haematocephalus s. s. occurs only in the neotropics, morphologically similar taxa across the world continue to be attributed to this species. Phylogenies utilising nrITS, nrLSU and TEF1, were constructed to identify relationships within the complex, and morphological data used to document and explore the taxa endemic to Australia and those which co-occur in Asia, Madagascar and the USA. Seven new species found in Australia are described and illustrated - M. campaniformis sp. nov., M. pervagatus sp. nov., M. porphyrocephalus sp. nov., M. purpureospadiceus sp. nov., M. vinaceus sp. nov., M. wianwian sp. nov. and M. wunga sp. nov. A key to Australian species of the M. haematocephalus complex is provided. Historic records and observational data (iNaturalist and Atlas of Living Australia) were used to indicate potential distributions of all species within the complex that occur in Australia and explore biogeographic relationships more broadly. Citation: Guard FE, Dearnaley J, Lebel T (2025). Purple Pinwheel and more: The Marasmius haematocephalus complex (Marasmiaceae) in Australia. Fungal Systematics and Evolution 16: 283-305. doi: 10.3114/fuse.2025.16.16.
In a 2023 survey evaluating conifers with Rosellinia infections, five Pestalotiopsis fungal strains were isolated from plant samples obtained from Maine, New Hampshire, and Ohio. Based on a multi locus phylogenetic analysis (ITS, TUB, TEF), species-specific base pair substitutions, and morphological characterization, the five isolates were determined to constitute two novel species within the genus Pestalotiopsis. These two new species are introduced here as Pestalotiopsis maineana and Pestalotiopsis neohantoniensis. Pestalotiopsis maineana shares close phylogenetic affinity to P. fusiformis, P. brachiata, and P. hispanica, while P. neohantoniensis shares affinity with P. daliensis, P. chamaeropis, and P. hainanensis. Both new species described herein differ from close relatives based on various morphological characters including the number of basal appendages of the conidia. Further, species-specific base pair substitutions are provided for the TEF locus which had the most resolution when compared to the ITS and TUB loci. To our knowledge, P. maineana is the first species of Pestalotiopsis to be isolated and reported from white spruce (Picea glauca) while P. neohantoniensis is the first species to be isolated and reported from Serbian spruce (Picea omorika) and eastern hemlock (Tsuga canadensis). Overall, this study provides insight into the microfungi associated with conifers in the United States. Citation: Miller ST, Salgado-Salazar CS, Munck I, Castlebury LA (2025). Two novel species of Pestalotiopsis on Picea and Tsuga from temperate forests in the United States. Fungal Systematics and Evolution 16: 265-281. doi: 10.3114/fuse.2025.16.15.
Ophiocordyceps serves as a key model for studying cryptic fungal diversity and behavioural manipulation of hymenopterous insects. Here, we describe Ophiocordyceps acanthoponerae, a newly discovered species infecting Acanthoponera mucronata (Heteroponerini: Formicidae) in a Brazilian Atlantic rainforest-Cerrado ecotone. Morphological analyses revealed mixed traits characteristic of Ophiocordyceps lineages associated with ants and wasps, including leaf biting behaviour manipulation, dark brown ascostromata covering 360º of the stalk, ascospores producing capilliconidia and hirsutelloid asexual morphs. Phylogenetic analyses based on four genomic regions (SSU, LSU, TEF and RPB1) placed this species outside the traditional myrmecophilous hirsutelloid clades O. unilateralis and O. kniphofioides, and within a novel clade closely related to the wasp pathogen O. humbertii. This discovery represents the first record of Ophiocordyceps infecting Heteroponerini and highlights an unexplored lineage of manipulative fungi. Our findings expand the known host range for myrmecophilous Ophiocordyceps and underscore the importance of studying fungal diversity in under-sampled ecological niches. Citation: Lima-Santos SJ, Araújo JPM, Feitosa RM, Mendes-Pereira T, Elliot SL, Evans HC (2025). There is gold in the graveyard: a new lineage of zombie-ant fungi in the genus Ophiocordyceps (Ophiocordycipitaceae: Hypocreales) from Minas Gerais, Brazil. Fungal Systematics and Evolution 16: 243-264. doi: 10.3114/fuse.2025.16.14.
A fresh collection of a Hohenbuehelia from Turku, Finland was determined through phylogenetic analyses of sequences of the nuclear ribosomal internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region, large ribosomal subunit (nLSU), translation elongation factor 1-alpha (TEF-1α), and RNA polymerase II second largest subunit (RPB2) genes to be conspecific with ex-type cultures of Hohenbuehelia subreniformis, originally described from Ontario, Canada. No sexual morph was known; it is a member of the broad H. atrocoerulea clade. We provide a detailed description of the macro- and micromorphology of this species, which resembles pale forms of H. grisea but differs in having a more spathulate pileus and broader spores. Of the fifteen valid species formerly classified in the anamorph genus Nematoctonus, all but three are now linked to conspecific or closely related sexual morphs in Hohenbuehelia. Citation: Thorn RG, Consiglio G, Setti L, Kekki T, Daigneault BC, O'Nille EST (2025). The sexual morph of Hohenbuehelia subreniformis (Pleurotaceae) discovered in Finland. Fungal Systematics and Evolution 16: 307-316. doi: 10.3114/fuse.2025.16.17.
The genus Lycogala was historically considered a small, morphologically uniform group of myxomycetes, with its classification remaining largely unchanged for most of the 20th century. However, recent molecular studies have revealed exceptional cryptic diversity within the genus, challenging its traditional species delimitations. This study continues the taxonomic reassessment of Lycogala, integrating three-gene phylogenies and morphological analyses of 716 specimens from four continents. A total of 706 nucSSU, 273 mtSSU, and 130 COI sequences were analysed to delimit species within the genus using recombination test and distance-based delimitation. As a result, 716 specimens were assigned to 93 nucSSU ribogroups, which were further grouped into 63 putative morphological species. Of these, only 20 had been formally described prior to this study. Herein, we describe an additional 24 species, significantly expanding the known diversity of the genus. Phylogenetic analyses suggest the division of Lycogala into five major clades, which correspond to distinct morphological traits, supporting the proposal of five new sections within the genus. The study also confirms that L. epidendrum s. str. exhibits significant genetic polymorphism, with at least 29 subgroups detected. However, species delimitation within L. epidendrum remains challenging due to conflicting results from genetic markers and the presence of recombined genotypes. The study underscores the necessity of integrating molecular and morphological approaches for resolving Lycogala taxonomy and highlights the potential for further discoveries in myxomycete diversity. Citation: Leontyev D, Ishchenko Y, Leontieva M, Yatsiuk I, Shchepin O, Song W-L, Chen SL, Moroz E, Schnittler M (2025). Expanding Lycogala: twenty-four new species, their morphology and phylogenetic relationships. Fungal Systematics and Evolution 16: 93-146. doi: 10.3114/fuse.2025.16.7.
Camarotella torrendiella and Camarotella acrocomiae, the causal agents of coconut black leaf spot, are of great economic importance to coconut cultivars. Species of hyperparasites have previously been reported in the stromata of these species, which delay and reduce the viability of the ascospores of these pathogens, demonstrating their bio-control potential. In order to identify and analyse the parasitic species affecting the pathogens that cause coconut black leaf spot, symptomatic leaflets exhibiting parasitized stromata of both C. torrendiella and C. acrocomiae were collected in the states of Pernambuco and Paraíba (Brazil) and the fungi present in the stromata were isolated. The hyperparasites were phylogenetically identified based on different gene regions according to genera and presented in this paper with a detailed taxonomic description as well as their abundance and constancy in the coconut grove. A new species of Fusicolla was described in this study as Fusicolla parasitica sp. nov. Acremonium cavaraeanum presented a new record for the states of Paraíba and Pernambuco. Fusarium pseudocircinatum and Fusarium caatingaense presented the first report of their fungicolous lifestyles, while Purpureocillium lilacinum was for the first time recorded hyperparasitizing a Camarotella spp. causing leaf lesions. This study shows Fusicolla parasitica and Acremonium cavaraeanum as constant and abundant species in the coconut grove, while Fusarium pseudocircinatum and Purpureocillium lilacinum are accessory and common; Fusarium caatingaense was considered rare and accidental. Citation: Sá CEVA, Souza-Motta CM, Tiago PV, Machado AR (2025). Diversity of fungicolous fungi associated with Camarotella spp. (Phyllachorales, Sordariomycetes) on Cocos nucifera in Brazil, including Fusicolla parasitica sp. nov. (Nectriaceae). Fungal Systematics and Evolution 16: 155-180. doi: 10.3114/fuse.2025.16.9.
The genus Hemileia was established in 1869 and made famous by H. vastatrix , the agent of coffee leaf rust. This group of obligate biotrophs has grown to include more than 42 species, infecting plant hosts from 43 genera across Africa and Asia. A specimen collected in 1943 in Uganda, on the host plant Aristolochia, was identified to Hemileia sp. (BPI019726). Species identification was historically inconclusive and subsequent examinations noted that the material was insufficient. In this study, the specimen was morphologically re-examined, and partial sequences of the small subunit (18S) and large subunit (28S) of the rDNA were obtained. It was found to be sufficiently different from other species in the genus, and here described as Hemileia ritscheliae sp. nov. , named for the work by Anja Ritschel in compiling the Hemileia monograph (Ritschel 2005), and whose research greatly assisted our work.
The phylogeny and taxonomy of Cercospora malkoffii , an anamorphic ascomycete ( Mycosphaerellaceae ) causing a phytopathologically relevant leaf-spot disease on anise ( Pimpinella anisum ), are examined and clarified. This species is currently treated as belonging to the genus Passalora , based on a morphological species concept. However, genera of the Mycosphaerellaceae in general and particularly Passalora s. lat . underwent significant taxonomic changes in the past decades owing to comprehensive molecular phylogenetic revisions of cercosporoid fungi. Cercospora malkoffii has recently been repeatedly observed in commercial fields of P. anisum and has been isolated and cultivated in this study. Based on these cultures, ITS, LSU, CaM , tef1 , tub2 , and rpb2 sequences were retrieved and phylogenetic analyses were performed. These analyses revealed that C. malkoffii pertains to the genus Fusoidiella that currently comprises two former Passalora species on apiaceous hosts. Accordingly, the new combination Fusoidiella malkoffii is introduced. In addition, an epitype is designated here for C. malkoffii , and a pathogenicity test has been successfully carried out to fulfil Koch’s postulates.
A hyaline to pale olivaceous brown hyphomycetous fungus was collected on living leaves of Tinospora cordifolia in India. Molecular phylogenetic analyses of several loci (LSU- RPB2- ITS) indicated a relationship with cercosporoid fungi ( Mycosphaerellaceae ). As no other known lineage shares similar morphology or DNA sequences, a new genus, Uwebraunomyces , is proposed, with U. tinosporae comb. nov . based on Ramularia tinosporae as the type species. Conidiophores are pale olivaceous to very pale brown in colour, typically unbranched, and subcylindrical to geniculate-sinuous at the tip. Conidia are solitary, obclavate to obpyriform, straight to curved, and few-septate. Additionally, the conidiogenous loci are characterized by a centrally located small papilla and a minute, distinct frill that is typically evident in older scars. These characteristics distinguish Uwebraunomyces from other closely related members of the ramularioid complex. Additionally, Cercosporella bundelkhandae is recognized as a new synonym as it shares nearly identical morphological features with U. tinosporae . At the ultrastructural level, Uwebraunomyces is further characterized by conidiogenous loci that bulge outward, forming convex or truncated cone shapes, with wall thickening extending beyond the area originally occupied by the base of the conidium. Older scars display a minute papilla or small, somewhat conical protuberant like structure in the centre of their apical depression, often accompanied by a minute, distinct frill. The conidial base is obconically truncate, featuring a basal depression with a centrally located, slightly protuberant structure. These distinct ultrastructural features set Uwebraunomyces apart from other members of the ramularioid complex, underscoring its taxonomic significance within the Mycosphaerellaceae .
The Rhizocarpaceae , a family of lichenized fungi within the Ascomycota , comprises approximately 160 species within five genera: Catolechia , Epilichen , Haugania , Poeltinula , and Rhizocarpon . Rhizocarpon is the most species-rich, with about 150 species predominantly inhabiting siliceous rock in boreal and arctic-alpine environments. Molecular phylogenetic studies have revealed that current taxonomy, heavily reliant on morphology, chemistry, and life strategies, renders Rhizocarpon paraphyletic. This study aims to elucidate the phylogenetic relationships and clarify genus delimitation within the Rhizocarpaceae using an integrative taxonomic approach that combines three genetic markers and a diversity of taxa covering the morphological, chemical, and ecological spectrum of the family. Our comprehensive sampling includes 50 species across the Rhizocarpaceae collected from diverse geographical locations and ecological settings. Our phylogenetic hypothesis is based on a concatenated dataset of two nuclear (ITS and MCM7) and one mitochondrial (mtSSU) genetic marker. Ascospore characteristics and thallus pigmentation alongside secondary metabolite profiles were mapped onto this DNA-based evolutionary framework. Our results underscore significant refinements in the classification of the Rhizocarpaceae , highlighting the inadequacy of traditional taxonomic markers alone to infer robust phylogenetic affiliations. We advocate for new circumscriptions of Catolechia , Poeltinula , and Rhizocarpon based on the molecular phylogeny and propose synonymizing Epilichen with Catolechia , the transfer of the species in the R. hochstetteri complex to Poeltinula , and the resurrection of Rehmia . We hence propose 24 new combinations and three typifications. Collectively, this study sets the groundwork for future research and stability in the systematics of the Rhizocarpaceae , augmenting our understanding of their diversity and evolutionary dynamics.
Three members of ectomycorrhizal fungi belonging to Russula subsection Castanopsidum are described from neotropical montane forests dominated by species of Fagaceae in Panama and Colombia. Russula esperanzae sp. nov . from Colombia differs in the field from other members of the subsection by slender longitudinally striated red stipes as well as characteristics of spores and basidia. Russula atroamethystina subsp. atroamethystina, originally described from Costa Rica, is reported for the first time from Panama. Closely related and morphologically similar Colombian collections are described as R. atroamethystina subsp. guacahayoensis subsp. nov . and differ from the typical subspecies by longer hymenial cystidia as well as molecular sequence data. The distribution of this newly described subspecies is restricted to Fagaceae forests east of the Isthmus of Panama. This suggests an allopatric diversification, likely driven by the absence of Fagaceae in the tropical lowland forest of the Darién Gap. Russula esperanzae is exclusively associated with Trigonobalanus excelsa , a tree species of Fagaceae endemic to Colombia. The role of its association with this tree in the evolutionary history of the species is discussed. Based on molecular timing, species of the subsection Castanopsidum started to evolve approximately 15.1 M years ago (mya) and display an amphi-pacific disjunct distribution with an Asian clade that split from the American clade around 11 mya.
Quiver trees ( Aloidendron dichotomum ) are large iconic succulent plants found in arid areas of southern Africa. These trees have been observed suffering from die-back symptoms for many years. Various environmental and abiotic factors have been investigated as possible causes of the symptoms. However, biotic causes, especially microfungi that commonly cause die-backs in trees, have never been considered. During a routine disease survey, symptomatic stems and roots of the dying trees were collected in the Cape Province, South Africa. Isolations were made from tissues at the leading edges of the lesions on symptomatic stems and roots, and the resulting fungi were identified using morphological characteristics and DNA sequence data of four loci (LSU, SSU, ITS and β-tubulin). Five species were identified: Paecilomyces formosus , Phaeoacremonium ( Pm. ) parasiticum , Pm. luteum , Xylogone sphaerospora , and the newly described Coniophoma aloidendri gen. et sp. nov . Three species, Pm. parasiticum and C. aloidendri from this study and Alanphillipsia ( Ala. ) aloes were tested for their pathogenicity on A. dichotomum plants in a greenhouse trial. All three species gave rise to lesions significantly different in size from the controls. The Pm. parasiticum strains showed larger necrotic lesions than C. aloidendri and Ala. aloes . However, none of the isolated fungi were aggressive or are known as primary pathogens, and the cause of the die-back on symptomatic trees remains to be determined.
Gliocladiopsis comprises a diverse group of soil-borne fungi predominantly found in tropical and subtropical regions of the world. This study investigated Gliocladiopsis strains collected from soil samples across three Southeast Asian countries, namely, Indonesia, Malaysia and Vietnam. Morphological characteristics and multi-gene phylogenetic analyses based on four loci (ITS, TEF1 , TUB2 , and HIS3 ) were used to identify the strains. Eleven Gliocladiopsis spp., including a novel taxon, Gliocladiopsis vietnamensis sp. nov ., were identified. The six species, G. curvata , G. forsbergii , G. guangdongensis , G. irregularis , G. whileyi and G. wuhanensis , are newly reported in Vietnam, G. curvata in Malaysia, and G. mexicana in Indonesia. This study has significantly expanded the known diversity of Gliocladiopsis in Southeast Asia. The results also suggest that Southeast Asia is a biodiversity hotspot for this genus, highlighting the importance of further research to explore fungal diversity in understudied tropical and subtropical ecosystems.
Members of the family Saccotheciaceae are found in various environments and have different lifestyles. While exploring Mimosa tenuiflora -associated endophytic fungi in the Caatinga dry forest in Brazil, the isolates were initially identified as aureobasidium-like fungi. Based on morphological features and phylogenetic analyses using ITS, LSU, tub2 , rpb2 , and tef1 gene sequences, these endophytes were placed within a distinct clade in Saccotheciaceae , differing from the genera currently accepted in the family. Here, we describe a new genus, Paivomyces gen. nov. (including Paivomyces mimosae sp. nov. ). Additionally, during our phylogenetic analyses, we observed that Selenophoma australiensis , described from leaves of Eucalyptus mineata in Australia, could be treated as a unique lineage among the genera in the family Saccotheciaceae . Herein, we introduce Pseudoselenophoma gen. nov. (including Pseudoselenophoma australiensis comb. nov. ) to accommodate the species. Our findings improve our understanding of the fungal diversity in the Caatinga dry forest in Brazil and clarify the phylogenetic lineages of Saccotheciaceae .
New blueberry plantings in South Africa have increased dramatically since the year 2000, exceeding the global expansion rate. The crop is, however, impacted by several economically important fungal pathogens. Lesser-known fungi such as pestalotioid species can cause leaf and twig blight, and have the potential to become a global threat to blueberry production and expansion. This study aimed to assess the presence of such fungal species in blueberry nurseries in South Africa due to the industry’s exponential growth and mass introduction of new cultivars. Symptomatic leaf and twig samples were collected from six propagation nurseries, resulting in 180 pestalotioid isolates, of which a subset of 48 isolates were selected for molecular characterisation using multi-locus sequence analysis of the internal transcribed spacer region (ITS), partial translation elongation factor 1-α ( TEF1 ) and partial β-tubulin ( TUB2 ) gene regions. Phylogenetic analyses were performed using Maximum Likelihood, Maximum Parsimony and Bayesian Inference methods. Based on the phylogenetic analyses, all isolates clustered with three previously described species of Neopestalotiopsis , namely N. rosae , N. hispanica and N. longiappendiculata. Of these, 32 isolates were identified as N. rosae, followed by N. hispanica (12) and N. longiappendiculata (4) . To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of these species in South Africa. Based on phylogenetic analysis and morphological comparisons , we further recommend that N. vaccinii be considered a synonym of N. hispanica.
In the present study, a newly found species of Volvariella from Oman is described and named V. darbatica . Evidence for this decision is based on morphology and multigene phylogeny. Volvariella darbatica is characterized by small-sized basidiomata, pale pinkish to pale brownish pileus, and ellipsoid to ovoid basidiospores measuring 5.0–6.0 × 4.0–4.5 μm. Colour photographs of basidiomata and illustrations of anatomical characters are provided, along with the phylogenetic trees of the genus Volvariella and the suborder Pluteineae (where family Volvariellaceae is nested). Morphological similarities with closely related species are discussed. Furthermore, we also report the presence of Volvariella cubensis and V. sathei in Oman, extending the distribution of these species. Volvariella sathei was previously known only from its type locality in India.
Several species of wood-inhabiting resupinate basidiomycetes are reclassified following examination of type material and sequencing of recent collections. Grandinia ocellata is considered the correct name for Phlebia livida subsp. tuberculata and transferred to Mycoacia . Peniophora avellanea is an older name for Phlebia margaritae and the species moved into Lopharia . Radulum pendulum is identified as the oldest name for the species most commonly called Phlebia albida . Grandinia tuberculata , type species for Stereophlebia , is accepted as a synonym to Radulum pendulum and the combination Stereophlebia pendula introduced. Phlebia canadensis is accepted as an older name for Quasiphlebia densa and the combination Quasiphlebia canadensis proposed. Other new combinations proposed are Cytidiella pallidolivens , Hydnophlebia flavicans , Hyphodermella pallidovirens , Meruliopsis rubicunda , Parvodontia gloeocystidiata , Phaeophlebiopsis roumeguerei , and Rhizochaete galactites . Hyphodermella albostraminea is considered to be a synonym of Hyphodermella pallidovirens . Ceriporia pseudocystidiata is considered to be a synonym of Meruliopsis rubicunda . Meruliopsis faginea is considered to be a synonym of Meruliopsis albostraminea . Typifications are suggested for Corticium seriale subsp. pallidolivens , Kneiffia avellanea , Corticium roumeguerei , Peniophora moelleriana , Grandinia ocellata , Corticium lividum , Thelephora viscosa var. uvida , and Radulum pendulum .
The Orchidaceae family comprises a highly diverse group of flowering plants. The genus Cattleya is restricted to the Neotropics, with approximately 80 % of the species present in Brazil occurring in epiphytic, rupicolous, and terrestrial habitats. During surveys that aimed to investigate root fungal endophytes of two native orchids, C. locatellii and C. violacea, a total of 10 endophytic isolates were identified as belonging to Eurotiales. A polyphasic approach was applied for the identification and characterization of the cultured species, combining morphological and molecular data. Phylogenetic analyses were performed using the internal transcribed spacers (ITS) of the rDNA, beta-tubulin (BenA), calmodulin (CaM), and RNA polymerase second-largest subunit (RPB2) sequences. Two new endophytic species were identified and described from roots of C. locatellii, namely Penicillium endophyticum sp. nov. (section Aspergilloides), and Talaromyces cattleyae sp. nov. (section Purpurei). In addition, P. yuyongnianii (section Lanata-Divaricata), T. amestolkiae, and T. atkinsoniae (section Talaromyces) were reported as endophytes from the genus Cattleya. Citation: Condé TO, Ramos DO, Nogueira PTS, Pereira OL (2025). Inside out: New root endophytic Penicillium and Talaromyces species isolated from Cattleya orchids (Orchidaceae) in Brazil. Fungal Systematics and Evolution 15: 179-200. doi: 10.3114/fuse.2025.15.08.
The infrageneric classification of the genus Lepiota has a long history of continuous refinement. Nevertheless, recent studies demonstrated that some of the widely used sections are not monophyletic in their current circumscription. In addition, the genus Echinoderma, or L. sect. Echinatae in the traditional sense, was shown to be polyphyletic. In this work, the phylogeny and taxonomy of the sections of Lepiota and the species attributed to Echinoderma/sect. Echinatae are analysed based on morphological investigation and a multilocus phylogeny (ITS, LSU, mtSSU, RPB2). Barcode ITS-sequences are provided for 11 type specimens for the first time. The genus Echinoderma is confirmed as a phylogenetically distinct clade. However, species so far treated in Echinoderma/sect. Echinatae form two further clades in Lepiota, one as basal clade in sect. Lepiota and the other as a section on its own, for which the new combination L. sect. Eriophorae is introduced. Lepiota sect. Stenosporae is validated as a result of a nomenclatural re-assessment. Lectotypes and epitypes are designated for Lepiota carinii and Echinoderma perplexum. Echinoderma asperum as currently circumscribed is shown to be a complex formed by at least four distinct clades. The re-assessment and emendation of the sections in Lepiota confirm that the microstructure of the pileus covering is the taxonomically most significant character, while the shape of the basidiospores is less uniform within the sections. Citation: Sarawi S, Piepenbring M, Reschke K (2025). Phylogenetic and taxonomic re-assessment of the genera Echinoderma and Lepiota. Fungal Systematics and Evolution 15: 235-263. doi: 10.3114/fuse.2025.15.11.
During our long-term studies on Cortinarius species in alpine habitats, we discovered several collections of a Cortinarius species resembling C. spilomeus. We carried out comparative morphological studies and a phylogenetic analysis based on rDNA ITS sequences. We included also type material of Cortinarius spilomeus forma dryadicola. We confirmed that Cortinarius spilomeoalpinus is a distinct species which is typical for alpine Dryas octopetala habitats. Cortinarius spilomeus forma dryadicola is not part of C. spilomeus sensu stricto. It is conspecific with the later described C. ferrusinus, another taxon of sect. Spilomei, and we treat it as forma of it. Detailed descriptions are given for the alpine taxa, and a differential diagnosis and dichotomous identification key are provided. Citation: Peintner U, Huymann L, Ferrari RJ (2025). Cortinarius spilomeoalpinus (Basidiomycota, Agaricales) a new alpine species of sect. Spilomei from the South-Tyrolean Dryas octopetala habitats. Fungal Systematics and Evolution 15: 265-274. doi: 10.3114/fuse.2025.15.12.
