ABSTRACT Pain is a physiological and psychological response often experienced by patients due to trauma, inflammation, or medical procedures. Non-pharmacological therapies such as ice compresses (cold therapy) are widely used as simple interventions to reduce pain. This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of cold therapy in reducing pain intensity in patients. The study used a quasi-independent design. experiment with a pretest – posttest approach without control group . A sample of 40 patients with complaints of mild to moderate acute pain was selected using purposive sampling. Pain intensity was measured using Numeric Rating Pain Scale (NRS) before and after applying ice compresses for 15 minutes. Data analysis used a paired t- test . The results showed a significant decrease in pain scores from 6.2 ± 1.1 to 3.4 ± 1.0 (p < 0.001). It was concluded that cold therapy is effective in reducing pain intensity and can be used as a supporting intervention in pain management. Keywords: Cold Therapy, Ice Compress, Pain, Nonpharmacological Intervention
Antenatal Care (ANC) is a health service provided to mothers during pregnancy to monitor the health of the mother and fetus and prepare them for childbirth and the postpartum period . One important aspect that needs to be prepared during pregnancy is exclusive breastfeeding . The success of exclusive breastfeeding is influenced by the mother's physical and psychological readiness , which can be achieved through quality ANC services . This study aims to determine the role of antenatal care in preparing mothers for exclusive breastfeeding . The research method used was quantitative with an analytical design and a cross-sectional approach . The study sample consisted of mothers with infants aged 6–12 months at health care facility X. Data were collected using a questionnaire and analyzed using the Chi- Square test . The results showed that antenatal care plays a significant role in preparing mothers for exclusive breastfeeding (p < 0.05). The conclusion of this study is that mothers who receive standard ANC are better prepared to provide exclusive breastfeeding .
The promotive and preventive approach is a primary strategy in health development, aimed at improving public health and reducing morbidity and mortality. This approach emphasizes efforts to increase knowledge, attitudes, and healthy living behaviors, as well as preventing disease before it occurs. This study aims to analyze the role of the promotive and preventive approach as a health development strategy. The study used quantitative methods with a descriptive analytical design and a cross-sectional approach. Sectional. The research sample was the community in region X. Data were collected using questionnaires and analyzed univariately and bivariately using the Chi- Square test. The results showed that the implementation of a good promotive and preventive approach was significantly related to community health status (p < 0.05). The conclusion of this study is that promotive and preventive approaches have a strategic role in supporting sustainable health development.
Abstract Preventive programs within the national health system play a crucial role in improving public health while simultaneously reducing long-term healthcare costs. This study aims to analyze the economic benefits versus costs of implementing preventive programs. The method used is a cost-benefit analysis approach , incorporating literature studies and secondary data from various national and international health sources. The results indicate that investments in preventive programs such as immunization, early screening, and health education provide significant economic benefits, including reduced disease burden, increased productivity, and improved health system efficiency. Therefore, preventive programs deserve to be a priority in national health policy. Keywords: Cost-Benefit Analysis , Preventive Program, National Health System, Health Efficiency
ABSTRACT Early pregnancy in adolescents is a health problem influenced by various psychological factors, including self-efficacy and attitude. Self-efficacy plays a role in shaping an individual's belief in their ability to avoid risky behavior, while attitude reflects behavioral tendencies towards reproductive health. This study aims to analyze the role of self-efficacy and attitude in preventing early pregnancy in adolescents through reproductive health education. This study used a quantitative design with a cross-sectional approach . A sample of 110 respondents was selected using a purposive sampling technique. Data were collected using a questionnaire and analyzed using multiple linear regression. The results showed that self-efficacy (β = 0.45; p < 0.001) and attitude (β = 0.32; p < 0.01) significantly influenced early pregnancy prevention behavior, with self-efficacy as the most dominant factor. Reproductive health education has been shown to improve both variables. In conclusion, increasing self-efficacy and positive attitudes through education is an important strategy in preventing early pregnancy in adolescents. Keywords: Self-Efficacy , Attitude, Adolescents, Early Pregnancy, Reproductive Education
Iodine Deficiency Disorders (IDD) are a public nutritional problem still found in several regions, including coastal areas. This condition is influenced by inadequate iodine intake and the consumption of foods containing goitrogenic substances that can inhibit iodine absorption. This study aims to determine the relationship between consumption patterns of foods containing iodine and goitrogenic substances and the incidence of IDD in coastal areas. This study used quantitative methods with an analytical design and a case-by-case approach. control. The sample consisted of a case group (people with IDD) and a control group (people without IDD). Data were collected through a food consumption frequency questionnaire and analyzed using the Chi- Square test. The results showed that low consumption of iodine-rich foods and high consumption of goitrogenic foods were significantly associated with the incidence of IDD (p < 0.05).
ABSTRACT Palliative care is an approach aimed at improving the quality of life for terminally ill patients. Nurses play a crucial role in providing holistic care encompassing physical, psychological, social, and spiritual aspects. This study aims to analyze the role of nurses in caring for terminally ill patients in a palliative care unit. The research method used a qualitative approach with a descriptive design. Data were obtained through in-depth interviews with 10 nurses in the palliative care unit. The results indicate that nurses act as direct caregivers, educators , communicators, and emotional supporters for patients and their families. Challenges faced include emotional burden and limited resources. It is concluded that the role of nurses is crucial in improving the quality of life for terminally ill patients. Keywords: Nurses, Palliative Care, Terminal Patients, Quality of Life
ABSTRACT Burnout is a condition of physical, emotional, and mental exhaustion often experienced by healthcare workers due to high work pressure. Nurses working in intensive care units... Care Unit (ICU) has a high risk of experiencing burnout due to complex work demands and responsibilities in caring for critical patients. Burnout in nurses can affect the quality of nursing care provided to patients. This study aims to determine the relationship between the burnout level of ICU nurses and the quality of nursing care in critical patients. The study used an analytical design with a cross-sectional approach . The study sample consisted of 50 ICU nurses selected using a total sampling technique. Burnout was measured using the Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI) questionnaire, while the quality of nursing care was assessed through a standard nursing service observation sheet. Data analysis used the chi-square test . The results showed that nurses with high burnout levels had lower quality of nursing care than nurses with low burnout levels. The statistical test results showed a p value = 0.021 (p < 0.05). It was concluded that there is a significant relationship between the burnout level of ICU nurses and the quality of nursing care in critical patients. Keywords: Burnout, ICU Nurses, Quality of Nursing Care, Critical Patients
The Mother-Friendly approach is a midwifery service concept that emphasizes fulfilling the physical, psychological, social, and cultural needs of mothers during the labor process. This approach aims to create a safe, comfortable, dignified, and mother-centered labor experience. This study aims to describe the implementation of midwifery care for mothers giving birth using the Mother Friendly approach. The study used a descriptive design with a case study approach. The research subject was a mother giving birth in the first–fourth stage who received midwifery care using the Mother Friendly approach at Community Health Center X. Data collection was carried out through interviews, observations, physical examinations, and SOAP documentation. The results of the study indicate that the implementation of the Mother Friendly approach can increase comfort, reduce anxiety, and support a physiological labor process. It was concluded that the Mother Friendly approach is effectively implemented in midwifery care for mothers giving birth.
Hypertension with complications is a chronic health problem that significantly impacts patients' quality of life. Complications of hypertension, such as heart disease, stroke, and kidney disease, not only affect the patient's physical condition but also impact their psychological, social, and environmental aspects. The reduced quality of life in patients with hypertension with complications is often caused by activity limitations, dependence on long-term medication, and anxiety about their health condition. Therefore, comprehensive efforts are needed to improve patients' quality of life through structured and continuous nursing interventions. This study aims to determine the effect of nursing interventions on the quality of life of hypertensive patients with complications. The study used a quasi- experimental design with a pretest - posttest approach. without control group. The study sample consisted of 50 hypertensive patients with complications selected using a purposive sampling technique. Nursing interventions were provided for four weeks, including health education, lifestyle management, psychosocial support, and monitoring of medication adherence. Patients' quality of life was measured using the WHOQOL-BREF instrument, which covers physical, psychological, social relationships, and environmental domains. Data were analyzed using a paired t- test with a significance level of α = 0.05. The results showed a significant improvement in the quality of life of patients after nursing intervention, with a p -value <0.05. Improvements in quality of life were seen across all domains, particularly in the physical and psychological aspects. It was concluded that nursing interventions had a positive effect on improving the quality of life of patients with hypertension with complications. Therefore, comprehensive nursing interventions need to be implemented continuously in nursing care for patients with hypertension with complications.
ABSTRACT Second-degree burns are a type of wound that involves the epidermis and part of the dermis and therefore require appropriate treatment to prevent infection and accelerate healing . This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of Aloe vera gel in accelerating the healing process of second degree burns . The study used a quasi-experimental method with two treatment groups . Data were collected through observation of wound conditions and analyzed using statistical tests . The results showed that the use of Aloe vera had a significant effect on accelerating wound healing compared to conventional Active treatments ingredients such as aloin , saponin, and lignin in Aloe vera play a role in accelerating tissue regeneration . Therefore , Aloe vera can be used as an alternative natural therapy in the treatment of burns . Keywords : Aloe Vera, Wound Healing , Burns , Natural Therapy
Health promotion is a strategic effort to increase public health awareness, knowledge, and behavior. Continuous health promotion is expected to encourage behavioral changes towards a healthy lifestyle. This study aims to determine the relationship between the intensity of health promotion and public health behavior. The study used an observational analytical design with a cross-sectional approach. The study sample consisted of 120 adult respondents selected using a purposive sampling technique. Data were collected through a health promotion intensity questionnaire and a health behavior questionnaire. Data analysis was performed using the Chi- Square test. The results showed a significant relationship between the intensity of health promotion and public health behavior (p < 0.05). It was concluded that the higher the intensity of health promotion, the better the public health behavior.
ABSTRACT The availability of health facilities and infrastructure is a crucial factor supporting the success of midwifery services. In remote areas such as Elelim District , Yalimo Regency , Papua Mountains, limited health facilities remain a challenge in the implementation of midwifery care. This situation has the potential to impact midwives' performance in providing optimal services to the community. This study aims to analyze the impact of limited facilities and infrastructure on midwives' performance in implementing midwifery care at the Elelim Community Health Center . The study used a quantitative approach with a descriptive analytical design using a cross-sectional method . The study sample consisted of 35 midwives working at the Elelim Community Health Center and the health service network in the Elelim District area . Data were collected using questionnaires and observation sheets. Data analysis was performed using the Chi- Square test . The results showed that 68.6% of respondents assessed that facilities and infrastructure were still limited, while 62.9% of midwives' performance was considered adequate. The analysis revealed a significant relationship between the availability of facilities and infrastructure and midwife performance (p = 0.001).
ABSTRACT Exclusive breastfeeding for the first six months of a baby's life is an important effort in improving the health and growth of the baby. However, the success of exclusive breastfeeding is influenced by various factors, one of which is family support. Emotional support, information, and practical assistance from the family can increase the mother's motivation to provide exclusive breastfeeding. This study aims to analyze the effect of family support on the success of exclusive breastfeeding in primiparous mothers . The study used an analytical design with a cross-sectional approach . The study sample was 70 primiparous mothers with babies aged 0–6 months. Data were collected through interviews using a structured questionnaire. Data analysis used the chi-square test . The results showed that mothers who received good family support had a success rate of exclusive breastfeeding of 78.4%, while mothers with less family support only had a success rate of 41.2%. The results of the statistical test showed a p value = 0.012 (p < 0.05). It was concluded that family support has a significant influence on the success of exclusive breastfeeding in primiparous mothers .
Needle stick Needlestick injuries (NSIs) are a common occupational risk among healthcare workers and clinical practice students. Needlestick injuries can lead to the transmission of infectious diseases such as Hepatitis B, Hepatitis C, and HIV. One way to prevent NSIs is compliance with the use of Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) during clinical procedures. This study aims to determine the relationship between compliance with PPE use and the incidence of needlestick injuries. stick injury in clinical practice students. This study used a quantitative method with an analytical design and a cross-sectional approach. The study was conducted in a sectional manner. The sample of the study was students undergoing clinical practice at practice area X. Data were collected using a questionnaire and analyzed using the Chi- Square test. The results of the study showed a significant relationship between compliance with the use of PPE and the incidence of needle sticks. stick injury (p < 0.05). The conclusion of this study is that students who do not comply with the use of PPE have a higher risk of experiencing needle sticks. stick injury.
Clinical nutrition care is an integral part of healthcare services that plays a crucial role in supporting the patient's healing process. Disease conditions, metabolic stress, and inadequate nutritional intake can slow recovery and increase the risk of complications. This study aims to examine the role of clinical nutrition care in supporting the healing process of patients in healthcare facilities. The study used a descriptive-analytical study design with an observational approach. The study sample consisted of 80 inpatients receiving clinical nutrition care. Data were collected through medical record reviews, nutritional status observations, and monitoring of patient clinical outcomes. Data analysis was conducted using descriptive and simple analytical methods. The results showed that patients receiving standardized clinical nutrition care experienced improved nutritional status, increased endurance, and accelerated healing. It was concluded that clinical nutrition care plays a significant role in supporting the success of medical therapy and patient recovery.
Background: Ectopic pregnancy remains a leading cause of maternal morbidity and mortality in the first trimester. Early and accurate diagnosis through ultrasound examination is crucial for optimal patient outcomes. Objective: To analyze the demographic characteristics, clinical presentation, ultrasound findings, and diagnostic patterns of ectopic pregnancies managed in an Early Pregnancy Unit (EPU) over a one-year period. Methods: A retrospective clinical audit was conducted on 140 consecutive cases of ectopic pregnancy diagnosed and managed at the Princess Royal University Hospital EPU during 2020. Data were extracted from ultrasound reports and clinical records, including patient demographics, gestational age at presentation, ultrasound findings, ectopic location, and mass characteristics. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS version 28.0, with descriptive statistics, chi-square tests, and correlation analysis where appropriate. Results: The mean maternal age was 31.9 ± 5.3 years (range 21-44 years), with the highest incidence in the 30-34 years age group 44 (31.9%). Mean gestational age at presentation was 6.4 ± 2.0 weeks. Fallopian tube involvement accounted for 91 (89.2%) of cases, with 49 (48.0%) in the right tube and 42 (41.2%) in the left tube. Ovarian ectopic pregnancies comprised 8 (7.8%) of cases. The mean ectopic mass size was 22.6 ± 11.8 mm (range 3-80 mm). Ultrasound visualization of ectopic gestational structures varied, with gestational sacs visible in 34 cases, yolk sacs in 12 cases, and embryonic structures in 9 cases. Conclusion: This audit demonstrates the typical demographic and clinical patterns of ectopic pregnancy in a UK EPU setting. The findings support the importance of early ultrasound assessment and highlight the predominance of tubal ectopic pregnancies. These data contribute to quality improvement initiatives and provide benchmarks for EPU services.
The Maternal Mortality Rate (MMR) remains an important indicator of public health status and the quality of maternal health services. One of the main strategies in reducing MMR is through comprehensive midwifery services that include antenatal, intranatal, postnatal, and family planning services. This study aims to determine the role of comprehensive midwifery services as an effort to reduce maternal mortality. This study uses a quantitative method with an analytical design and a cross-sectional approach. The study sample was mothers who received midwifery services at health service facility X. Data were collected using questionnaires and observation sheets, then analyzed using the Chi-Square test. The results of the study showed that good comprehensive midwifery services were significantly associated with a reduced risk of maternal complications that contributed to a decrease in MMR (p < 0.05). The conclusion of this study is that comprehensive midwifery services play an important role in efforts to reduce maternal mortality.
One of the government's efforts to reduce MMR and IMR in Indonesia is the provision of continuous care or Continuity Of Care (COC) to supervise, care and management of pregnant women, childbirth, newborns, postpartum and family planning. The aim is to provide midwifery care to Mrs. "R" at TPMB Desi Fitriani, SKM., S.Keb during pregnancy, childbirth, postpartum, and neonates using a midwifery care management approach. The research method used is a descriptive observational method with a case study approach. The time of midwifery care was carried out in March-June 2025. The results of midwifery care during pregnancy were given twice, namely at 33 weeks 2 days of pregnancy and at 37 weeks 2 days of pregnancy with complaints of back pain. Midwifery care during labor starts from stage 1 to IV. Newborn care is carried out after the baby is born such as IMD for 1 hour, vitamin K injection, physical examination and providing breast milk as often as possible. Midwifery care during the postpartum period was provided twice, at 6 hours and 6 days. It is hoped that future authors will be able to improve their skills in providing midwifery care services according to the steps in midwifery care.
Objectives: To evaluate the comparative effectiveness of platelet-rich plasma (PRP) combined with hyaluronic acid (HA) versus HA alone in patients with Kellgren-Lawrence (KL) grade I–II knee osteoarthritis (OA), with particular focus on pain relief, functional improvement, and safety outcomes over a 6-month follow-up period. Methods: This prospective, non-randomized, comparative study included 134 patients with early knee OA, recruited through consecutive non-probability sampling at a tertiary care orthopedic center from January 2024 to September 2024. Patients were assigned to two groups: Group A (PRP + HA, n = 67) and Group B (HA alone, n = 67). Pain and functional outcomes were assessed using the Visual Analog Scale (VAS) and the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities OA Index (WOMAC) at baseline, 3 months, and 6 months after injection. Statistical analyses were conducted using independent-samples t -tests and repeated-measures analysis of variance. Results: Both groups demonstrated improvement in pain and function during follow-up. However, patients treated with PRP combined with HA showed significantly greater improvement compared with those receiving HA alone. At 6 months, the mean VAS score decreased to 2.7 ± 0.8 in the PRP + HA group compared with 4.5 ± 1.1 in the HA group ( p < 0.001). Similarly, WOMAC scores improved more markedly in the PRP + HA group (35.6 ± 5.4) compared with the HA group (47.2 ± 6.5; p < 0.001). The follow-up duration was 6 months, and the final analysis included 64 patients in each group after loss to follow-up. Effect size analysis demonstrated large clinical effects, with Cohen’s d = 1.7 for VAS and 1.5 for WOMAC at 6 months. No major adverse events were reported. Conclusion: Intra-articular PRP combined with HA appears to provide greater short-term improvement in pain relief and function than HA alone in patients with early knee OA. Larger randomized multicenter studies with longer follow-up are required to confirm durability and broader clinical applicability.
