Este relato de experiência apresenta contribuições teórico-metodológicas de uma disciplina de um Programa de Pós-Graduação em Psicologia voltada à produção de uma Pesquisa-Documentário (P-D). O estudo objetivou relatar a experiência de elaboração de um documentário sobre a invisibilidade de trabalhadores informais em situação de rua. A metodologia fundamentou-se na P-D como estratégia de investigação e intervenção psicossocial, orientada por princípios ético-políticos, participativos e colaborativos. O método pressupõe a construção compartilhada do conhecimento entre pesquisadores-documentaristas e sujeitos-personagens, utilizando o audiovisual como espaço de escuta, diálogo e produção coletiva de narrativas e afetos. Os resultados demonstraram que o uso do audiovisual favoreceu a coprodução de conhecimentos, ampliou a acessibilidade da ciência e fortaleceu a devolutiva social. Conclui-se que o método audiovisual constitui um dispositivo ético e inovador para visibilizar sujeitos e experiências historicamente marginalizados.
Mental disorders are a leading cause of morbidity among children and adolescents worldwide, with Chile showing particularly high levels of stress, anxiety, and depression in students. Multi-Tiered Systems of Support (MTSS) offer a structured framework for school-based mental health interventions, yet sustaining fidelity remains challenging. This cross-sectional study analyzed how the COM-B model dimensions (capability, opportunity, and motivation) relate to intervention fidelity in Chilean public schools. Data were collected via surveys from 359 education professionals across all 16 regions, using an adapted DIBQ-18 and a composite fidelity index. Partial least squares structural equation modeling revealed psychological capability and reflective motivation as direct predictors of fidelity, while physical and social opportunities and automatic motivation exerted indirect effects through psychological capability. The model explained 33.2% of fidelity variance. Findings highlight the central role of individual-level determinants, suggesting that capacity-building strategies should prioritize enhancing competencies to strengthen school-based mental health interventions.
Objetivou-se evidenciar os principais sintomas psicossomáticos observados em estudantes adolescentes de uma instituição de ensino federal do Sul de Minas. Por meio de uma abordagem qualitativa, descritiva, com corte transversal, foram abordados três estudantes do gênero feminino e três do gênero masculino. Os instrumentos utilizados foram um questionário sociodemográfico e uma entrevista semiestruturada, com conteúdo gravado em áudio, transcritos na íntegra e analisados por meio da análise de conteúdo de Bardin, que consiste em analisar as comunicações e os discursos diversificados, encontrando semelhanças nos conteúdos apresentados. Foram coletados dados referentes ao perfil dos estudantes, à estrutura e dinâmica do funcionamento psíquico, aos sintomas psicossomáticos mais recorrentes e como os sintomas psicossomáticos interferem nas condições de saúde mental. Os conteúdos obtidos evidenciaram a prevalência de sintomas ansiosos e, também, algumas manifestações depressivas significativas. Importante destacar a relevância da equipe de saúde na escola com ações preventivas e acolhedoras para os momentos de crise, juntamente com o suporte familiar e o auxílio de uma rede de apoio.
O artigo analisa os efeitos das práticas meditativas em estudantes do Ensino Fundamental I, com foco nos aspectos emocionais, comportamentais e cognitivos. A pesquisa foi realizada em três escolas públicas de São Paulo com 1.083 alunos e 48 professoras, utilizando questionários, entrevistas e escalas com emojis. Os resultados indicam aumento nos sentimentos de paz, amor e sono, e redução de raiva, tristeza, curiosidade e alegria (associada à agitação). As professoras relataram melhorias no raciocínio, atenção e socialização dos estudantes. As práticas meditativas contribuíram para a concentração, o equilíbrio emocional e o bem-estar dos alunos, sendo vistas como ferramentas eficazes para a formação integral. O estudo destaca a importância de integrar a saúde emocional ao currículo escolar, especialmente após a pandemia, promovendo ambientes de aprendizagem mais afetivos e acolhedores.
A saúde mental dos docentes tem ganhado crescente atenção nos debates sobre educação e trabalho. Neste trabalho, avaliamos a saúde mental de docentes do ensino básico e superior brasileiros, com foco em sintomas relacionados à depressão, Transtorno de Estresse Pós-traumático (TEPT), solidão e otimismo. A amostra consistiu em 1711 docentes que responderam um questionário on-line com escalas psicométricas validadas para a população brasileira, entre março e junho de 2022, ainda em contexto pandêmico. Os resultados demonstraram maior prevalência de sintomas de depressão, TEPT e solidão entre docentes da educação básica, enquanto docentes do ensino superior apresentaram escores mais elevados de otimismo. As diferenças observadas entre os grupos evidenciam a importância de acompanhar a saúde mental de docentes de forma segmentada, respeitando as especificidades de cada carreira. Os dados contribuem para o monitoramento de indicadores de saúde mental na categoria e reforçam a urgência de ações de prevenção e cuidado.
Este artigo decorre de um levantamento bibliográfico sobre a atuação da Psicologia Escolar e Educacional no enfrentamento de questões sociais e violências presentes na educação básica brasileira. Foram consultadas as bases SciELO, Oasis, Portal CAPES e a revista Psicologia Escolar e Educacional, em publicações do período entre 2010 e 2023. Apresenta-se um recorte dos resultados deste levantamento, por meio da análise de 24 artigos de revisão de literatura sobre a problemática do bullying. A partir deste estudo, destaca-se quais são os grupos mais vulneráveis a sofrerem violência sistemática e quais preconceitos e violências estruturais podem sustentar a prática do bullying e do ciberbullying. Aponta-se que melhores resultados no enfrentamento ao bullying são conquistados quando desenvolvidos projetos institucionais envolvendo, em especial, os/as estudantes, quando realizados processualmente, com prazo estendido e utilizando metodologias de trabalho que permitam a participação da comunidade escolar e a produção de processos de aprendizagem sobre esta questão social.
Este estudo avaliou o conhecimento dos professores em formação sobre a dislexia e verificou se a formação recebida sobre o transtorno durante a graduação associa-se com o conhecimento sobre a condição. A amostra incluiu 276 estudantes de Pedagogia de instituições públicas de ensino superior no Brasil. Todos responderam um questionário sociodemográfico e uma versão traduzida do Knowledge and Beliefs about Developmental Dyslexia Scale (KBDDS). Segundo os resultados, os participantes apresentaram conhecimentos precisos sobre a natureza, causas, desfechos e a sintomatologia da dislexia. Contudo, concepções equivocadas, como a crença de que a dislexia é resultado de déficits visuais, e desconhecimento sobre intervenções baseadas em evidências também foram identificadas. A formação em dislexia recebida durante o curso de Pedagogia associou-se significativamente ao conhecimento sobre o transtorno. Esses achados evidenciam lacunas na formação inicial dos futuros professores e sugerem que os currículos dos cursos de Pedagogia incorporem conteúdos científicos sobre a dislexia.
The article explores the hypothesis of a metaphysical nature of order as a fundamental premise that determines the basic principles of ordering reality and its content. Since the traditional idea of order is formed within the boundaries of classical logic, this study analyzes the axiomatic foundations underlying its conceptualization, as well as their representation in intuitionistic, paraconsistent, and modal approaches. The study raises the question of the possibility of using non-classical logic as a method of radically rethinking, or even deeply denying, the established understanding of order. However, it is illustrated that, despite the significant differences between these logical systems, the key principles of ordering and thinking remain unchanged. Thus, the author puts forward and systematizes a set of theses regarding the existence of immutable foundations of order – first as metaphysical, and subsequently as an ontological constant that determines any possible reality. Order appears not as a derivative, but as a primary condition of reality, language, and thinking, and therefore the very essence of cognition, being, and existence as such is limited by the inevitable nature of order. Therefore, attempts to go beyond the classical logical laws do not lead to the need to revise the very foundations of order, but, on the contrary, only confirm their all-encompassing permanence.
This article provides a socio-philosophical analysis of the phenomenon of women’s freedom through the prism of sacred discourse and socio-cultural practices. It explores the ambivalent nature of religious tradition, which acts both as an instrument of normative restriction (control over physicality, reproduction, hierarchical subordination) and a legitimate resource for the realization of female subjectivity. The author examines the transformation of methods of regulating female behavior from radical forms of patriarchal violence and harsh biopolitics in African communities to “soft” ideological constructs. Particular attention is paid to the paradoxes of emancipation, where a return to sacred meanings and their intellectual reinterpretation become the basis for women to acquire moral authority and public leadership (particularly in Eastern spiritual practices). Based on an interdisciplinary approach, it is proven that female identity is formed in a complex interaction between the collective mentality of the community and the individual’s desire for autonomy. Female freedom is not a direct consequence of rejecting tradition or being included in it, but arises from the interaction between personal choice and the sacred order. The author emphasizes the ambivalent nature of sacred discourse: it simultaneously serves as a mechanism of restriction and a resource for self-realization, opening up new perspectives for interdisciplinary research at the intersection of philosophy, gender studies, religious studies and cultural studies.
This study proffers a radical re-evaluation of the Chinese Buddhist iconometric tradition, positing it not merely as a repository of artistic technicalities but as a sophisticated technology of ontological control and soteriological engineering specifically applied to sacred sculpture. Spanning a millennium – from the proto- Tantric heterogeneity of the early Tang dynasty (Tuoluoni ji jing) to the rigid imperial orthopraxy of the Qing (Zaoxiang liangdu jing) – the research interrogates the dialectical tension between the textual “legislating” of the sacred body and the sculptural “instantiating” of the divine presence. By deploying a methodology that synthesizes philological rigor with material culture studies (specifically the codicology of Dunhuang manuscripts P.4514, P.2002, and S.2498), the article argues that the trajectory of Chinese religious statuary demonstrates a fundamental epistemic shift: from the haptic transmission of charisma via the fenben (powder pounce) in medieval workshops to the optic discipline of the grid via the woodblock print in imperial ateliers. Furthermore, the study incorporates a historiographical critique of Western reception and a technical analysis of bronze casting, demonstrating how “lost-wax” metallurgy functioned as the material proving ground for iconometric theory. The investigation exposes how the Qing court utilized the Zaoxiang liangdu jing (1742) to bureaucratize the volumetric body of the Buddha, turning sculpture into a site of political governance. Ultimately, this work reconstructs the “operating system” of the Chinese sacred image, demonstrating that iconometry serves as the nexus where theology, technology, and the material plasticity of the divine converge.
This article was written in 2004, but it was not made public. Nevertheless, in many respects, the core assessments and ideas presented therein have not lost their significance, in the author’s view, even though they constitute a certain “philosophical archive” that is of interest both for evaluating the situation of philosophy teaching in Ukraine and for the project of its improvement. This article breaks down the situation which described as a certain confusion among philosophy instructors following the abolition of Soviet-style centralized curricula. This led to various attempts to replace obsolete teaching standards, which, nonetheless, largely retained the old course content, eventually resulting in a return to centralized ministerial programs. We became aged, but little has changed over time. Common to all philosophy course curricula remained, as before, their unproblematic nature, fragmentariness, lack of system, ahistoricism, and absence of conceptual integrity, as well as the neglect of the national specificity of the Ukrainian type of philosophizing. To address these shortcomings, the article proposes a university course framework based on the fundamental worldview principles of the Kyiv School of Philosophy, centred around the key concepts of “human” and “world”. This approach is grounded in the author’s concept of “categories of ultimate bases” as cultural universals, replacing the abstractly conceived human being with a human who exists within the world and experiences existential boundary situations.
The article provides a socio-philosophical analysis of the development of the “economic” man through the prism of the contexts of his historical development. It analyses changes in the role of the economic man and his influence on socio-economic relations in society and considers the contemporary features inherent in the economic man today. It shows how the role of economic man has changed from an economic egoist who is concerned only with his own problems (A. Smith’s research) to the modern role, when economic man achieves the development of his entrepreneurial abilities, becomes a partial owner of the means of production, and actually becomes an employee – operator of a computer program that controls the production process and is a socially adapted subject, since the achievement of work results usually occurs in a collective where the subjects of economic life are interdependent on each other. It is concluded that the economic man of today is a combination of economic needs, interests, and goals of an individual, an organic combination of the traits of an employee and an owner.
The article analyzes certain aspects of the image of Pontius Pilate and the development of the Christian tradition based on the story by Anatole France “Procurator of Judea”, the film by Gian Paolo Calegari and Irving Rapper “Pontius Pilate”. Consideration of this topic is carried out by analyzing the chapter of one of the parts of the study by the British historian A. J. Toynbee “Comprehension of History” entitled “The History and Prospects of Jewry”. The authors of the article approach the presentation of the Christian tradition in a critical manner. It is stated, based on the involvement of works by representatives of German historiography of the early 20th century, that the formation of the Christian tradition contradicted the main cosmopolitan aspects of ancient civilization, which have progressive historical significance. At the same time, the imperial discourse dictated, as is known, that Ancient Rome first fought against representatives of Christianity, and then included them in administrative imperial practices. These practices had a different external expression compared to the subsequent historical fate of Christianity. Based on the methodological developments of J. Burckhardt, attempts to revive the social positions of early modern Christianity are critically assessed. As an illustrative model of the correctness of this approach, we use the thesis of A. Toynbee, who skeptically assessed the historical path of Israel in the 20th century. Burckhardt’s and Toynbee’s assessments of Christianity partially overlap, but only in the most general form. It is stated that turning to the Toynbean system of methodological coordinates allows us to see the fair nature of A. Toynbee’s assessment of the “fate of the Jews”. The British historian drew attention to the negative nature of the attempt to put into practice the Christian (Jewish) tradition to justify the isolated behavior of Israel (Zionism). This leads to the abandonment of the “universal mission”. As a general conclusion of the presented article, a thesis is put forward according to which one of the few progressive achievements of the Christian tradition is its ability to achieve significant historical results at the moments “when History comes into motion” (A. Toynbee). In general, such moments rather reflect a situation of a full-scale historical crisis (J. Burckhardt), from which this or that society cannot independently emerge. Therefore, a critical view of Christianity has grounds for existence, in the sense of the ultimate “victory” of Pontius Pilate (cosmopolitanism) over exclusivist tendencies in Christianity.
The article provides a socio-philosophical analysis of the shadow economy as a social institution based on the concept developed by Hernando de Soto. It substantiates the thesis that the shadow economy cannot be reduced to a purely criminal or deviant phenomenon; rather, it represents a form of mass social self-organization and a rational societal response to state institutional inefficiency, excessive regulation, and limited access to legal economic mechanisms. The study demonstrates that the shadow sector performs compensatory, adaptive, and integrative functions by meeting the basic needs of households, sustaining economic liquidity, and reducing social tensions under conditions of institutional crisis. Particular attention is paid to the ontological and normative status of the shadow economy as a space for the formation of informal norms, customary law, and alternative models for legitimizing property and labor. Based on a historical-comparative analysis of the experiences of England, the United States, and Latin American countries, the article shows that, under certain conditions, the legalization of shadow practices can serve as a resource for institutional evolution and sustainable economic development. In the Ukrainian context, the shadow economy is interpreted as an ambivalent phenomenon that combines both risks and the potential for socio-economic stabilization. The article concludes by emphasizing the need to rethink the role of the state and the limits of legal regulation in light of the capacities of social self-organization.
The article analyses epistemic values in medicine that determine its conceptual and methodological foundations. It shows that medicine is not limited to the sphere of therapeutic practice but functions as a complex institutional system in which social, cultural, and scientific factors interact. The distinction between social and epistemic values is defined: the former set the target orientations of research, while the latter regulate the criteria of scientific validity and reliability of knowledge. Four types of epistemic value-laden commitments (phenomena, inferences, theoretical virtues, and standards of accuracy) are examined through the lens of medical knowledge. It is concluded that epistemic values constitute the core of medicine as a science, determining its research strategies and theoretical trajectories.
The article provides a socio-philosophical analysis of the woman phenomenon in traditional societies and the metamodern era. The transformation of ideas about a woman as a socio-cultural value and a subject of freedom in the context of globalization processes, changes in gender roles and rethinking of traditional norms is considered. Special attention is paid to the categories of freedom, identity and social responsibility as key components of the woman phenomenon in modern society. The thesis is substantiated that the modern woman appears not only as an object of social changes, but also as an active creator of new value orientations. The relevance of the study of the phenomenon of women in modern social philosophy is due to deep sociocultural transformations, rethinking of gender identity and corporeality in the metamodern era. It is necessary for understanding the change in the subjectivity of women, new axiological guidelines and solving ethical challenges associated with social and technological virtualization. The purpose of our article is a socio-philosophical study of the phenomenon of women through the dimension of freedom and values. The socio-philosophical phenomenon of women encompasses her rethinking as an active subject of history and culture, overcoming patriarchal stereotypes and biological determinism. Women actively realize themselves in politics, the public sector, the volunteer movement, the educational, cultural and economic spheres, as well as in the security and defense sector. The conditions of the metamodern era and wartime have actualized new forms of responsibility and leadership, which indicates a qualitative rethinking of the role of women in society. Therefore, the phenomenon of women in modern times should be considered as a complex and multidimensional phenomenon, the basis of which is the affirmation of freedom as a fundamental value. The prospects for further research are associated with an in-depth analysis of the interaction of gender policy, cultural transformations and the formation of new models of female identity in the context of global and national challenges.
The study addresses the philosophical comprehension of time as an aesthetic category in contemporary Ukrainian visual art. It examines the practices of four prominent artists – Vlada Ralko, Mykyta Kadan, Alevtyna Kakhidze, and Tiberiy Silvashi – to reveal how different temporal models emerge in artistic strategies: rupture, deceleration, layering, chronotope, and duration. In Ralko’s works, time appears as a nervous fracture and bodily fragmentation; in Markov’s theatre projects, as a strategy of aesthetic deceleration; in Kadan’s installations, as archival superimposition of historical layers; in Kakhidze’s diaristic drawings, as the chronotope of everyday life embedded in wartime experience; in Silvashi’s abstract painting, as a structural property of colour and form. The theoretical framework combines classical philosophical approaches (H. Bergson, P. Ricœur, G. Deleuze, J. Derrida) with insights from contemporary Ukrainian researchers (L. Smyrna, V. Burlaka, O. Kotkova, O. Soloviov), who address temporality in art through cultural memory, post-memory, and the political dimension of time. The conclusion emphasises that Ukrainian visual art not only reflects altered temporal experiences shaped by war and social transformations but also actively constructs new temporal models that merge local sensitivity with global relevance.
The article examines the phenomenon of the disintegration of traditional collective narratives under the influence of algorithmically controlled social platforms. The mechanisms of personalization, emotional credibility and fragmentation of the information space are analyzed. The thesis about the civilizational character of this transformation is substantiated and possible ways of restoring common meanings are outlined. Algorithms are argued to act as new actors in meaning production, replacing universal interpretive frameworks with individualized “filter bubbles” and ephemeral viral micronarratives. Particular attention is paid to the paradoxical nature of algorithmic platforms: while destroying traditional national, civic and ethical narratives, they simultaneously generate new forms of digital collective (trends, memes, viral campaigns), characterized by extreme speed, but minimal depth and durability. The political and ethical dimensions of the opacity of algorithms are discussed, as well as the risks of manipulation and hybrid information warfare. The article concludes that the collapse of collective narratives is not just a technological but a profound civilizational shift that requires conscious efforts in education, culture, and public policy to reconstruct spaces for complex, long-term meanings in the age of algorithms.
The term “picture” implies the distancing of the subject from the world and an objective view of it. Despite the desire for objectivity, a picture of the world captures what a person considers important, main, essential, and not just an exact copy of the original. This is due to the metanarratives that underlie it. In particular, they represent a system of values that can be deployed by a set of narratives, where the metanarrative plays a decisive role. Metanarratives are integral to a picture of the world, since one of the elements of any picture of the world is the history or evolution (or creation) of the world and its fragments in general. Narratives are also present in other structural components of picture of the world, as they involve a description or some kind of narrative, with value statements, which are usually folded narratives. Metanarratives are often embodied in strategic narratives. Strategic narratives can be divided into two types. The first one focuses on universal interests and values: human rights and freedoms, democratic ideals, the principle of humanism, including the right to peace. The second is focused on narrow state interests that contradict the interests of civilized states and universal values. It requires a special ideology to justify it, pseudo-historical metanarratives permeated with modern myths. These include Russian strategic narratives that are well aligned with metanarratives and propaganda narratives and have deep cultural and historical roots. They set the modern rashism picture of the world that unites the ruling circles and the majority of the population. They are strategic for imperial Russian statehood, especially for the current political regime in Russia. Among them: 1) Russia is a bastion of true spirituality, supported by mythologized religious, Marxist, and tsarist references; 2) a narrative of allegedly great Russian culture, which is fed by inadequate great-power educational programs 3) the narrative of Russia’s special historical path, which uses a mixture of historical truth and mythology, historical revisionism and scientific research, and creates a distorted, biased, falsified historical memory with special features of great power. Russian great-power strategic narratives set a modern rashism picture of the world that contradicts universal values and scientific and civilizational ideals, determines hostility and misunderstanding, which requires a change in marginal uncivilized regimes.
The article examines cultural decolonization in Ukraine as a multi-level semantic process in which discursive, practical, and symbolic dimensions of cultural action interact. It develops a typology of semantic scenarios (normative-state, intellectual-humanitarian, communicative-popular) and analyzes their functions and consequences at the symbolic, socio-cultural, and epistemic levels. The study demonstrates that decolonization operates through an inversion logic, in which liberation from colonial structures is combined with the risk of their symbolic reproduction, thus highlighting the need for a transition toward reflexive cultural thinking.
