Tuberculosis accompanied by comorbidities in patients also has an impact on psychological conditions. Module-based health promotion is provided so that the patient's family plays a role in supporting the patient's mental health. The purpose of this study was to analyze the effect of module-based health promotion on improving family knowledge and attitudes regarding mental health of comorbid TB patients. This study was a quasi-experimental study using a pre-test and post-test quasi-experimental design, comparing the control group and the intervention group. that based on the Mann Whitney test, there was an increase in knowledge and attitudes in terms of health literacy and social support with a p value = 0.000 < 0.05, which means there was a difference in knowledge scores between the pre-test and post-test after being given intervention in both the intervention group and the control group. However, there was a difference in knowledge and attitude scores in the intervention group and the control group, which showed a significant difference between the two groups.
The position of Standard Arabic as a unifying linguistic and cultural code has been increasingly undermined by the spread of vernacular varieties across Arab societies. This study explores the sociolinguistic factors driving this shift, drawing on classical philological sources, contemporary sociolinguistic theory, and recent empirical research. Using a descriptive-analytical approach, the paper identifies key influences, including the gap between home and school language practices, the dominance of vernaculars in media and education, the accelerated borrowing of foreign terms, and the rise of hybridized communication in digital spaces. Despite the efforts of language academies, educators, and policymakers, responses have been fragmented and inconsistently applied. The study concludes that safeguarding the vitality of Standard Arabic requires integrated strategies that link education, media discourse, and digital policy, supported by strong political will. The implications extend to language planning and policy design, underscoring the urgency of coordinated interventions to preserve Standard Arabic in the context of globalization and technological disruption.
Mixed Reality (MR) is rapidly emerging as a transformative tool in medical informatics education, offering immersive and interactive learning experiences that extend far beyond traditional teaching methods. This paper explores how MR technologies can be integrated into healthcare training to support the development of both theoretical knowledge and practical skills. By enabling students to visualize and manipulate three-dimensional models of complex anatomical structures, MR bridges the persistent gap between abstract concepts and real clinical practice. The study emphasizes the pedagogical value of MR, particularly its capacity to foster active engagement, critical thinking, and learner autonomy in simulated yet realistic environments. Moreover, we highlight how MR can help overcome common challenges in medical education, such as limited access to cadaveric material and the high costs of specialized equipment. Through examples of interactive exercises and medical simulations, our findings suggest that MR is not simply an enhancement of existing teaching approaches but a catalyst for a more dynamic, student-centered, and technologically aligned curriculum. Ultimately, this research underlines the potential of MR to reshape healthcare education by creating safer, more flexible, and highly engaging pathways for professional training.
Objective: This study aimed to assess the impact of high-dose vitamin D supplementation as an adjunctive treatment in diabetic foot ulcer (DFU) management. Methods: Relevant literature was searched in PubMed, ScienceDirect, ClinicalTrial, and Google Scholar databases from inception until May 2025. Eligible studies included randomized controlled trials (RCTs), interventional research, or studies with a comparator group. The primary outcomes considered were ulcer reduction and healing. Results: Five RCTs involving 245 participants were included. Most of the trials demonstrated greater ulcer reduction in the intervention groups compared with controls. Furthermore, high-dose vitamin D supplementation was associated with significantly higher healing rates than low-dose regimens. No significant adverse events were reported. Conclusions: High-dose vitamin D supplementation significantly enhances wound healing in DFU patients by reducing ulcer area. Greater doses produced more favorable healing outcomes compared with lower doses.
This paper explores the semantic extension of the Vietnamese verb "an" (literally "to eat"), focusing on its usage in contexts related to attending social gatherings and ceremonial events. Drawing upon frameworks from cognitive linguistics and pragmatics, the study investigates how "an" transcends its basic denotation of consuming food to encompass a broader range of culturally significant activities such as weddings, birthdays, memorial ceremonies, festivals, and New Year celebrations. Through the mechanism of metonymy, "an" has evolved in Vietnamese to signify participation in communal and ritualistic events-where food is often central but not the sole focus. Expressions like "an cuoi" (attend a wedding), "an gio" (attend a death anniversary), "an sinh nhat" (celebrate a birthday), and "an Tet" (celebrate Lunar New Year) illustrate how the verb has semantically expanded to reflect the cultural importance of feasting as a social and ceremonial practice. This semantic shift underscores the pivotal role of shared meals and banquets in Vietnamese society, where eating is deeply intertwined with social bonding, tradition, and etiquette. By analyzing authentic linguistic data and usage patterns, the paper maps out the semantic trajectory of "an" and identifies the cultural motivations behind its evolution. The findings contribute to a deeper understanding of semantic construction in Vietnamese, offering valuable insights for comparative studies between Chinese and Vietnamese, as well as for cross-cultural communication and language teaching.
This study aims to investigate the influence of operational cash flow (OCF), company size (SIZE), and financial leverage (FLV) on gross profit (GP), operating profit (EBIT), and net profit (NP) within the seafood sector in Vietnam. This study uses secondary data obtained from the financial statements of 24 seafood companies published over a five-year period from 2019 to 2024. The analysis employs descriptive statistics and incorporates three linear regression models to assess the relationships among the variables. The results show that both OCF and SIZE have a positive impact on GP and EBIT, while FLV does not exhibit any significant effect on these profit measures. Additionally, the analysis reveals that OCF and SIZE positively influence GP, EBIT, and NP, whereas FLV exerts a negative effect on these outcomes of financial indicators. Based on the findings, seafood companies are advised to implement robust cash flow management strategies, determine an appropriate company size, establish an optimal capital structure, and exercise prudent debt management to mitigate potential financial risks. However, given the presence of large companies operating across multiple sectors, the findings may not fully capture the intricacies of the entire seafood industry. Therefore, further research is warranted to explore these factors in greater depth and strengthen empirical evidence on these dynamics.
Postpartum blues is disturbance atmosphere heart frequent light appears in the postpartum period and is risky develop become postpartum depression when No handled . Research This evaluate effectiveness of the mentoring model family based on transcultural midwifery with integrate mark culture Mandailing in Prevention of postpartum blues in Rantau Prapat City . The method used is a quasi-experiment with pre-test-post-test control group design on 68 mothers third trimester of pregnancy and family and cadres integrated health post , which is divided in group intervention and control . Intervention in the form of training module containing practice culture local (marsidudu , marsipaingot , marhaban , marsialapari ) contextualized to in midwifery transcultural . Research results show improvement significant on knowledge and attitudes family (p < 0.001) and decline meaningful incidence of postpartum blues (p = 0.008) in the group intervention , while group control No experience change means . The N-Gain value indicates effectiveness training category currently For family (66.92%) and sufficient For cadres (56.92%), although aspect attitude Still need Strengthening . Longitudinal analysis using GEE confirmed the positive impact of the intervention on reducing EPDS scores. The study concluded that a culturally based midwifery approach effectively increased family support while preventing postpartum blues and is worthy of adoption as a holistic, community-based maternal health care strategy.
Flipped classroom approaches have shown positive effects on writing, yet empirical evidence regarding argumentative writing remains scarce. This study investigates their impact on Chi- nese EFL undergraduates' argumentative writing skills using an exploratory sequential de- sign. The qualitative phase involved focus-group interviews with 18 students, leading to the development of an assessment rubric for evaluating argumentative texts. In the subsequent quantitative phase, 83 written texts were collected at four time points , analyzed statisti- cally. Finally, qualitative and quantitative findings were integrated to address the research question. Results reveal improvements in both genre knowledge, identified in qualitative analysis , writing performance, evidenced by quantitative data. The findings suggest that combining sufficient pre-class preparation with interactive in-class activities significantly enhances argumentative writing. This study provides theoretical insights and pedagogical guidance for instructors seeking to improve argumentative writing instruction through the flipped classroom model.
Against the backdrop of the current rapid development of China's automotive industry, this study focuses on the complex relationship between strategic talent management, innovative human capital and organization performance, aiming to provide theoretical support and practical guidance for corporate practice through in-depth exploration of this area. By systematically analyzing how strategic talent management affects organization performance and the role and function of innovative human capital in this process, this study will reveal the key management elements and paths, and provide new perspectives and strategies for enterprises to achieve sustainable development and competitive advantage.
This article investigates the dynamics of women's images within digital visual culture, focusing on how everyday aesthetics intersect with the politics of representation across social media platforms. Drawing on theories of cultural capital, feminist media studies, and digital sociology, the study analyzes women's self-representations on Instagram, Xiaohongshu, and TikTok through a combination of visual analysis, narrative interpretation, and critical cultural theory. The findings reveal three interrelated dimensions. First, everyday aesthetics, embodied in practices such as selfies, lifestyle photography, and micro-videos, function as strategies of self-branding and the accumulation of lifestyle capital, thereby linking personal expression to broader consumerist and aspirational discourses. Second, the politics of representation is shaped by algorithmic visibility, platform governance, and cultural contexts, which reinforce gendered stereotypes, body norms, and intersectional inequalities, while also enabling spaces of contestation. Third, comparative case studies demonstrate platform-specific logics: Instagram promotes curated cosmopolitan femininity, Xiaohongshu emphasizes middle-class refinement, and TikTok fosters grassroots counter-narratives that challenge dominant norms. Together, these insights highlight the tensions between conformity and resistance in women's digital self-representation. By situating women's everyday images within debates on aesthetics, identity, and power, this study contributes to understanding digital visual culture as a plural and contested field, rather than a homogeneous space of representation. The research underscores the importance of critically examining both commercialized and grassroots practices to better understand the evolving landscape of gendered digital visibility.
This study explores the critical role of risk management strategies in improving the performance and sustainability of insurance companies. As the insurance industry operates in an environment characterized by uncertainty and exposure to various financial and operational risks, effective risk management is essential to maintaining solvency, enhancing profitability, and ensuring customer trust. The research investigates different risk management approaches-including risk identification, assessment, mitigation, and transfer-and their impact on key performance indicators such as loss ratios, claim settlement efficiency, and capital adequacy. Using a mixed-methods approach, the study analyzes data from leading insurance firms and industry reports to identify best practices and challenges in implementing risk management frameworks. The findings highlight that insurers with robust and adaptive risk management strategies are better equipped to withstand market volatility and regulatory pressures, ultimately leading to improved operational performance and competitive advantage. This research contributes to the understanding of how strategic risk management integration can drive value creation in the insurance sector.
The study investigated how online holiday promotions and customer perceptions of these offers affect impulse spending in the current era of online shopping. It hopes to advise ecommerce companies on how to use online festivals to launch successful marketing activties. We collected information through questionnaires and used statistical methods (including descriptive statistics, reliability assessments, correlation analysis, and regression analysis) to carefully study how marketing coverage, discount intensity, and time constraints affect customers 'evaluation of products and purchasing impulse. Research has found that different online holiday marketing methods (such as price reductions, limited-time discounts, and festive atmosphere creation) can greatly improve customers 'evaluation of products and encourage them to spend on impulse. Discounts and time-limited promotions significantly impact customer evaluations and impulse purchases. In addition, whether customers feel that the product is worth this price will affect the relationship between online holiday promotions and impulse consumption-that is, the more cost-effective customers feel, the easier it is for they to place impulsive orders. However, customer confidence has little effect on the relationship between "feeling worth it" and "impulse consumption." This research expands our theoretical understanding of online holiday marketing and impulse consumption. It provides evidence and suggestions for companies to help them optimize marketing strategies and enhance customer goodwill during holiday promotions, thereby increasing sales.
Relevance. An assessment of psychiatric services in the Republic, including in the Bukhara region, was carried out. Problems were identified regarding the diagnosis and dental treatment of psychiatric patients, as this study population required specific approaches due to the presence anxiety states. At the same time, a sociological, psychological, neurological, and dental evaluation of the cohort was conducted. It was established that unsatisfactory oral hygiene and poor periodontal tissue condition lead to the aggressive progression of carious lesions of the hard dental tissues and their complications. For the provision of qualified medical care to patients with mental disorders, individualized methods were developed for the diagnosis of musculoskeletal pathologies, as well as for the restoration of dental and dentoalveolar defects and deformities using high-quality materials manufactured with digital technology. Aim of the Study. To improve diagnostic methods and dental treatment of patients with mental disorders through the use of effective materials, advanced techniques, and digital technologies for the fabrication of removable dentures in both outpatient and inpatient settings. Materials and Methods. The study was based on retrospective and prospective data and included an assessment of the dental status of 850 patients with mental disorders (main group, MG) and 175 patients in the control group (CG) without psychiatric pathology, aged 18 to 70 years. In the entire study cohort, the neuropsychiatric status of patients was examined; the intensity of dental caries and its complications, the need for prosthetic treatment of the jaws, oral hygiene status, periodontal tissue condition, sensitivity of the oral mucosa, and the clinical condition of fabricated dental prostheses were evaluated. Results. The retrospective analysis revealed high prevalence rates of psychiatric disorders, including schizophrenia-4,455 cases; epilepsy-1,790 cases; oligophrenia-6,606 cases; and other forms of psychoses-4,849 cases. Among these, 53% of patients were associated with psychiatric disorders due to disability, including 7,921 with group II disability, 609 with group and 125 with group III. Patients with mental disorders were characterized by a high intensity of dental caries (20.67 +/- 0.82*), including the following subgroups: schizophrenia-21.52 +/- 0.98*; epilepsy-22.86 +/- 0.94*; oligophrenia-19.64 +/- 0.78*; and other psychiatric disorders-18.66 0.98*. In contrast, patients in the control group (CG) demonstrated significantly lower values 11.44 +/- 0.62, due to the greater number of carious and extracted teeth and high prosthetic needs ranging from 8.2 +/- 0.48 to 9.4 +/- 1.4. Periodontal disease prevalence reached 82%, while the risk of chronic oral sepsis was 13.3%. It was established that the application of the new clinical classification of TOR, its methods of identification, and the use of the Esthesiometer device improved diagnostic outcomes and enhanced the effectiveness, timing, and quality of prosthetic treatment, thereby determining the features of an individualized approach for this patient cohort. Conclusion. Thus, patients with mental disorders are characterized by a high prevalence of dental caries, significant prosthetic treatment needs, and periodontal disease (82%), which is directly associated with an increased risk of chronic oral sepsis. The results of clinical, dental, neuropsychiatric, and sociological studies of oral fluid demonstrate the effectiveness of preventive measures for gingival papilla trauma, provide a highly informative classification of torus and oral mucosal pain sensitivity, and confirm the clinical utility of the Esthesiometer device for the diagnosis and treatment of both outpatient and inpatient conditions in patients with mental disorders.
This qualitative study investigates cognitive writing strategies and common error patterns among non-English major undergraduate students involved in academic research writing. The study explores how students use planning, monitoring, revising, elaboration, and self-evaluation strategies during writing. It also identifies frequent linguistic and structural errors and it examines the link between strategy use and error occurrence. Data were collected from 15 participants through semi-structured interviews, think-aloud protocols, and document analysis. The findings show that active metacognitive engagement is connected to better coherence and clarity; although, students still face ongoing grammatical and cohesion issues. Annotated writing samples were presented to show differences in strategy use and error frequency. Hence, the study emphasizes the need for teaching methods that combine metacognitive strategy training with focused language instruction to boost writing skills in non-English majors. It also discusses directions for teaching and future research (Booth Olson et al., 2023; Chen, 2023; Rahmat et al., 2024; Teng, 2023).
Introduction: Epidemiology spatial is one of the branch from epidemiology that takes into account characteristics place ( spatial ) of occurrence something problem health . Use analysis Geographically Weighted Regression in epidemiology spatial used For reduce risk of bias due to heterogeneity of data from variation spatial.Various study earlier on the issue health has done through approach epidemiology spatial and GWR analysis . Method: Literature review research using the PubMed database for 159 articles . Based on ... a number of the established criteria , obtained as many as 30 articles research conducted study comprehensive . Results: Based on results literature review obtained that use GWR analysis becomes proper analysis in study field health public especially in epidemiology spatial research previously show that GWR analysis can give mapping and related data point risk high / vulnerable ( hotspot ) and points risk low ( coldspot ) problem health in an area based on character geographically . GWR analysis can also identify variables significant predictors influential to problem health in each region. Various implications results GWR research field health public intended For recommendation development policy health that focuses on a specific area in accordance character spatial . Conclusion and Suggestions: GWR analysis in health public effective used For increase quality study with reduce risk of research bias from factor heterogeneity spatial research area . GWR analysis can used as material For recommendation policy health focused on at-risk areas tall problem health and variables significant predictors in each region . Required development study more carry on use GWR analysis in epidemiology spatial For help map problem health based on location geographical .
Packaging serves as a vital tool in attracting new customers and significantly influencing the purchasing decisions of target demographics. This study investigates explicitly how packaging affects the buying behavior of college students living on islands, examining five critical packaging elements: color, shape, material, information content, and graphic design. By employing a descriptive research methodology, this research aims to delineate the contexts in which these packaging factors operate and to uncover the relationships among them. To achieve this, a quantitative research design has been employed to measure the values associated with each packaging factor systematically. The data collected were analyzed using frequency and percentage methods to ensure robust validation and insightful interpretation. The findings reveal that respondents strongly agree with the importance of all five packaging factors, indicating a clear recognition of their impact. Notably, these island college students predominantly belong to Generation Z, a cohort known for its unique purchasing habits shaped by digital influences and environmental consciousness. Their responses suggest a heightened sensitivity to how packaging design aligns with their values and preferences. This study not only contributes valuable insights to the existing body of knowledge regarding consumer behavior but also identifies and bridges gaps in understanding the specific implications of packaging on purchasing behavior among this demographic.
Adolescents today face increasing psychological stress and cognitive challenges, including heightened anxiety and reduced attention span. These issues not only hinder academic performance but also impact long-term mental health outcomes. Non-pharmacological, school-based interventions are urgently needed. This study aimed to examine the effects of a threeweek brainwave music intervention on state anxiety and attention performance among secondary school students. A quasi-experimental pretest-posttest control group design was employed. A total of 80 adolescents aged 13 to 15 were randomly assigned to either an experimental group (n = 40), which received daily 15-minute brainwave music sessions, or a control group (n = 40), which received no intervention. Attention was measured using the d2 Test of Attention, and anxiety was assessed via the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI-S). Data were analyzed using independent and paired t-tests. Compared to the control group, the experimental group showed significant improvement in attention scores (t(78) = 4.52, p < .001, d = 0.89) and a significant reduction in state anxiety (t(78) = -3.78, p = .001, d = 0.73). No adverse effects were reported, and students reported high satisfaction with the music intervention. Brainwave music appears to be an effective and scalable tool for enhancing cognitive and emotional functioning in adolescents. Its integration into school routines may offer a novel, low-barrier strategy to promote mental well-being among youth populations.
This study aimed to explore how green marketing influences competitive advantage within Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs), specifically focusing on the mediating roles of business intelligence (BI) and artificial intelligence (AI). Its primary goal was to understand how to leverage these technologies to boost competitive performance in the face of environmental and economic challenges. The study employed a quantitative approach. Researchers collected data from a simple random sample of 359 Algerian industrial SMEs, drawn from 390 distributed questionnaires. They then used statistical analysis with SmartPLS4 software to analyze the data. The results revealed a positive and statistically significant relationship between green marketing and competitive advantage, with BI exhibiting a complementary partial mediation of 46% in strengthening this relationship. The study recommends that SMEs adopt green marketing strategies supported by BI technologies to improve their competitive performance. It also emphasizes investing in AI technologies for better internal operations, but with a focus on integrating them with green marketing strategies. This research paves the way for future explorations, such as investigating factors that influence AI adoption, analyzing other mediating variables, and conducting comparative studies across different industrial sectors. Such research could contribute to the development of effective strategies that support Algerian SMEs in achieving sustainable growth and a competitive edge in the global market.
