Provides society information that may include news, reviews or technical notes that should be of interest to practitioners and researchers.
The Project Authorization Request (PAR) for the revision of IEEE Std 145-2013, IEEE Standard for Definitions of Terms for Antennas, was approved by the IEEE Standards Association Standards Board (IEEE-SA Standards Board) New Standards Committee (NesCom) in November 2019. Although the PAR was initially valid through December 2023, a two-year extension was granted to allow harmonization of the terminology with that of its companion standard, IEEE Std 211-2018, IEEE Standard Definitions of Terms for Radio Wave Propagation, for which a revision PAR was also initiated in May 2024. Between 2019 and 2025, the draft revision was developed by Working Group P145 under the IEEE Antennas and Propagation Standards Committee (APS/SC). Following completion of the revision process, the updated standard was approved by the IEEE-SA Standards Board Revision Committee (RevCom) in September 2025. The revised IEEE Std 145 was subsequently published on 31 March 2026 and is available through IEEE Xplore (https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/11459445).
The significant demographic shifts that occurred in the 1960s became a driving force for social and cultural change. Innovations like television (TV) and transistor radios had changed how people consume media and spent their leisure time, impacting culture and communication. These aspects are discussed as well as some novel approaches in electromagnetics, methods such as computing, and applications that arose during the decade. This is the first part of a third article on the history of antennas in “Historically Speaking” commencing from the end of World War II (WWII) and finishing in 1970. The 50 years covered saw antennas grow from a required component of radio to a multidisciplinary area covering many applications, computing, design tools, materials, and deeper theories.
The Wiener-Hopf technique provides an essential analytical and semi-analytical methodology in applied mathematics and mathematical physics for solving boundary-value problems, formulated by means of partial differential equations and/or integral equations. By exploiting the properties of the formulation in spectral domain after the application of integral transformation, rigorous solutions can be obtained for computational physics problems. In electromagnetics the method allows effective analysis of problems involving diffraction phenomena, guided propagation with discontinuities, antenna radiation and modern applications. Recent advances have extended the capabilities of the method to the analysis of complex electromagnetic (and not only) problems involving different geometries and arbitrary media rather than rectangular objects in isotropic media. One of the best benefits of the method is that intrinsically allows physical interpretation by means of the spectral domain. Part 1 is devoted to fundamental mathematical concepts.
The 2019-2022 ESA-EurAAP Facility Comparison Campaign with the DTU-ESA mm-VAST antenna has involved 10 European institutions and 11 spherical near-field and compact range measurement facilities. The mm-VAST antenna, specifically designed as a reference antenna, is employed in three operational configurations at 19.76 GHz, 37.80 GHz, and 48.16 GHz, including both linear and circular polarization. This paper presents the final results and lessons learned from the campaign, with a focus on the development of a set of reference measurements for the mm-VAST. To this end, the presented results comprise a comparison of the submitted radiation patterns, in terms of several metrics of difference, and a study to identify those measurements considered outliers and those that are representative. From these measurements, a set of aggregated patterns are created as a weighted average of the submitted measurements. These aggregated patterns are considered the new reference patterns of the mm-VAST in each of the studied configurations.
Provides society information that may include news, reviews or technical notes that should be of interest to practitioners and researchers.
Modern vehicles present a challenging electromagnetic environment (EME) for sensitive receivers, like those using the satellite digital audio radio service (SDARS), exacerbated by the proliferation of noise sources, such as digital displays and cameras, and the trend toward internal antenna placements. This article addresses SDARS susceptibility by detailing the design and validation of an active electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) noise cancellation system. It presents the design of a suitable SDARS patch antenna, showing a >25-dB return loss, 5-dB passive antenna gain, 26-dB active low-noise amplifier (LNA) gain, and 0.86-dB noise figure (NF) for the active front-end amplifier chain. The core contribution is an active cancellation circuit operating at SDARS frequencies (2.32-2.345 GHz), which uses a dedicated EMC probe to sense local interference. This sensed noise is phase shifted and combined with the main signal path to subtract noise contamination. Experimental validation using live satellite signals demonstrates a 3.5-dB carrier-to-noise (C/N) degradation when placing the antenna on the instrument panel (IP) with the engine running. The proposed cancellation circuit successfully recovers this 3.5-dB loss, restoring the signal quality. This demonstrates the system's efficacy in mitigating significant in-vehicle noise, enabling reliable SDARS reception even with internally mounted antennas and potentially reducing reliance on traditional mitigation techniques.
