This study investigates the impact of brand–person congruence (BPC) and the fear of missing out (FoMO) on consumer happiness, considering the mediating role of emotional marketing (EM) and gender-based structural differences. Drawing on self-congruence theory and the Differential Emotion Processing Theory, a relational model integrating identity, social and affective variables is proposed. A quantitative, cross-sectional design was employed to analyse data collected from 360 young consumers via an online, structured questionnaire. The model was estimated using covariance-based structural equation modelling (CB-SEM) and multigroup analysis (MGASEM). Results indicate that both BPC and FoMO significantly affect EM, which acts as a key mediator linking identity and social factors to consumer happiness. Gender differences were observed: among men, BPC directly influences happiness, whereas among women, FoMO exerts a direct impact. EM emerges as an emotional translator that transforms symbolic congruence and social tensions into subjective happiness. The findings contribute to the theoretical understanding of consumer happiness as a relational outcome shaped by identity-related and social dynamics and influenced by emotional mechanisms. From a managerial standpoint, the study offers practical insights for developing ethical, emotionally responsible, and happiness-oriented marketing strategies in digital consumption contexts.
Nowadays, nothing is more critical for business than dealing with environmental degradation. Drawing upon the Upper Echelon Theory, this study delves into the nuanced influence of CEO narcissism on corporate environmental performance. Unlike previous research that treats narcissism as a single construct, this work distinguishes between its two primary dimensions: grandiose and vulnerable narcissism. Based on a sample of 214 observations of Spanish firms over the period 2015-2020, the research findings reveal a divergent impact. On the one hand, the results show stronger corporate environmental performance when CEOs predominantly exhibit traits of grandiose narcissism, likely driven by a desire for visibility and social recognition. On the other hand, corporate environmental performance is significantly weaker when CEOs manifest traits of vulnerable narcissism, characterised by low extroversion. In addition, we analysed the moderating role of CEO duality in the above relationships. The results indicate that when the CEO also chairs the board of directors, the negative effects of vulnerable narcissism on environmental performance of firms are more pronounced. These findings provide valuable insights for boards of directors regarding the selection of a new CEO, the design of governance mechanisms and the strategic importance of CEOs psychological traits aimed at ensuring corporate environmental sustainability.
This study examines the impact of corporate social performance (CSP) and its subdimensions (workforce, human rights, community, and product responsibility) on firms’ tail risk and upside potential in the Spanish stock market. Focusing on the period from 2014 to 2021, annual corporate financial performance (CFP) metrics were computed through filtered historical simulation (FHS), a semiparametric approach based on Generalised Autoregressive Conditional Heteroskedasticity (GARCH) models and bootstrapping. This approach allows the main stylized facts of stock returns (i.e., autocorrelation, volatility clusters, and heavy tails) to be accounted for and, at the same time, firms’ financial performance to be computed from the simulated distribution. The main findings reveal a complex time-dependent connection between CSP and its subdimensions and firms’ tail risk and upside potential. In fact, while CSP reduces tail risk in the short term, it increases maximum loss in the long term. Interestingly, the results do not provide any evidence of the existence of a risk–return trade-off effect. Finally, the study highlights the need to monitor specific CSP subdimensions such as human rights and community, since they entail higher tail risk and lower upside potential.
This study examines the relationship between quality of financial information (QFI) and the probability of corporate decline in the food manufacturing sector within the European Union (EU) controlled by a set of internal (age, size, liquidity, return on assets, and debt) and external (gross domestic product and unemployment rate) determinants. The study employs a logit regression model applied to a balanced panel dataset of 335 large food manufacturing firms in the EU from 2011 to 2021. Quality of financial information is estimated using discretionary accruals, based on the Jones model (1991), while corporate decline is measured by fluctuations in sales. The findings indicate that low-quality financial information (high discretionary accruals) is positively associated with corporate decline, highlighting the role of financial transparency in business sustainability. The results suggest that earnings management practices can increase business vulnerability, reinforcing the importance of accurate financial reporting in mitigating corporate failure. The study underscores the need for enhanced regulatory oversight and financial reporting transparency in the food manufacturing industry. Policymakers and stakeholders should strengthen financial disclosure requirements to curb earnings management practices and ensure better resource allocation for long-term sustainability. This research contributes to the limited literature on quality of financial information and corporate decline, particularly in the food manufacturing sector, which is crucial for economic stability and public welfare. By integrating financial reporting quality into corporate failure analysis, this study provides new insights into the role of earnings management in business deterioration.
Although social identity has been previously studied, its connections with experiential value, customer satisfaction, and post-purchase intention remain unclear and deserve further investigation. Aiming at clarifying this relationship, a model grounded in social identity theory examines how social identification with Slow Food restaurant experiences impacts satisfaction and loyalty, considering the mediating role of experiential value in these restaurants. Drawing on a sample of 416 Slow Food restaurant consumers in Portugal, and analyzed through Structural Equation Modeling, the study reveals that social identity positively influences both the functional and emotional dimensions of experiential value. In addition, results highlight the strong influence of these experiences in shaping customer satisfaction and in driving positive post-purchase intentions, reinforcing the relevance of social identity for the success of these restaurants. The findings suggest that when customers feel identified with the philosophy of Slow Food, they tend to value the experience more intensely, which in turn leads to higher satisfaction and stronger loyalty intentions. Therefore, managers should uphold authenticity, environmental friendship and engagement with the local community to generate social identity during the gastronomic journey in Slow Food restaurants, creating a meaningful and lasting connection that sustains customer satisfaction and encourages loyalty over time.
The main objective of this research is to examine the forgotten incidences in knowledge transfer and management skills within small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in Tunja. The study employs the Experton method, distance measures, and forgotten effects theory to identify secondary-generation relationships between knowledge transfer (causes) and management skills (effects). The population consisted of 142 SMEs registered and active in the Chamber of Commerce of Tunja, operating in the secondary sector and with more than five years of existence. A convenience sample of 41 companies was selected. The findings show that forgotten effects are linked to the quality of knowledge transfer, highlighting the importance of formal mechanisms, communication clarity, and the ability to set priorities as factors that enhance productivity and mentoring. The originality of this study lies in uncovering hidden phenomena in knowledge transfer, particularly those arising from implicit and tacit knowledge exchanges, using fuzzy methodologies that allow for managing subjectivity. Limitations are related to the sample size and restricted access to confidential information. This research contributes to academic and business development by promoting SME strengthening, regional economic growth, and job creation in the capital of Boyacá.
This study develops and validates a novel multidimensional scale for assessing customer experience during the order fulfillment process in e-commerce, addressing the lack of measurement tools focused on the post-purchase stage. While prior research has mainly examined operational metrics such as delivery speed or service quality, it often neglects the emotional and experiential dimensions of fulfillment. Drawing on experiential marketing theory, this study proposes a comprehensive framework that integrates both functional (e.g., accuracy, tracking) and emotional (e.g., enjoyment, smoothness) components of the customer experience. The research was conducted in two stages —pretest and full-scale validation— based on a survey of 385 online consumers in Russia. This empirical context, representing a large and fast-growing digital market, offers valuable insights beyond traditional Western-centric studies. Using Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM), the analysis revealed six key dimensions of the fulfillment experience: convenience, enjoyment, smooth delivery, parcel tracking, communication support, and the accuracy and condition of the delivered product. This study contributes to customer experience literature by positioning order fulfillment as a critical experiential touchpoint in the post-purchase stage. Beyond its theoretical value, the validated scale offers a practical diagnostic tool for e-commerce providers seeking to enhance service quality and customer satisfaction across diverse market contexts.
This study analyzes how tourists evaluate, accept, and use electronic word-of-mouth (eWOM) when choosing spa destinations, focusing on a wellness context where credibility, trust, and experiential relevance strongly shape decision-making. Drawing on an adaptation of the Information Acceptance Model (IACM), the research proposes and empirically tests a theoretical framework that integrates seven key constructs. Data were collected through a self-administered questionnaire completed by 302 visitors to spas and hot springs in the province of Ourense (Galicia, Spain), and the model was assessed using partial least squares structural equation modelling (PLS-SEM). The findings reveal that Source Credibility, Information Credibility, and Needs of Information are the primary antecedents of perceived Information Usefulness. In turn, usefulness significantly predicts information acceptance and mediates the impact of credibility-related variables on visit intention. Several relationships incorporated into the adapted model are supported, highlighting the central role of trust and relevance in wellness tourism decision processes. Conversely, the limited direct influence of Information Quality on usefulness and intention suggests that formal message attributes are less decisive than authenticity and experiential resonance in this context. This study advances the application of information acceptance theories to experiential tourism by demonstrating the explanatory power of the IACM in wellness settings. It also provides actionable insights for destination managers on designing credible, need-oriented digital content capable of enhancing eWOM effectiveness and strengthening visitors’ intention to choose spa destinations.
This study analyzes scientific production on the circular economy (CE) in the agri-food supply chain (AFSC), visualizing its future perspectives. A search was conducted in the Web of Science (WoS) and Scopus databases following the PRISMA methodology, resulting in 182 documents after applying inclusion and exclusion criteria. Scientific mapping was performed through citation analysis and annual production by journals and authors, also applying Tree of Science (ToS) methodology to study temporal contributions and cluster analysis in subareas. The results show a notable increase in scientific production, highlighting Italy, India, and China as the most productive countries, with the journals Journal of Cleaner Production and Sustainability leading in publications. Two relevant studies were identified: one introduces a new indicator to measure resource efficiency in the supply chain (SC), while the other proposes a model that integrates blockchain technology. Both studies are recognized for their high citation counts and impact in the field. There is also a call for more precise assessment tools, the exploration of innovative technologies, and the promotion of collaboration between academia and industry. Finally, we highlight the importance of investigating specific SCs, such as olive oil and meat, to generate effective strategies for the CE, underlining that this study provides a robust methodology for future analyses and public policy decisions.
Traditional business valuation methods do not consider most intangibles that affect the value of the company, although they are considered as key elements by both researchers and practitioners. Research in this field is not consolidated yet and although some authors have attempted to address this issue, there is no standardized list of intangible variables that can be systematically included in the valuation process. The objective of this study was to identify all intangibles studied regarding firm value, classify them into clusters and observe their relevance in the scientific literature over the years through a bibliometric approach. Using VOSviewer visualization tool, from the review of 843 published papers in the Web of Science (WOS) in the last two decades, we obtained 5 clusters of intangible variables related to firm value: Strategy and firm characteristics; External elements to the firm; Ownership structure; Management structure; and Stakeholders and CSR. “Strategy and firm characteristics” was the cluster with the highest scientific output, and “ownership structure” the most influential. We found that most of the intangible elements that affect the value of the company can be managed by the company’s management. This makes managers the key element in value creation.
Organizational project management (OPM) encompasses three key domains: program management, portfolio management, and project management (PM), in addition to organizational enablers. Research indicates increasing application of artificial intelligence (AI) technologies within OPM. However, an analysis of published literature reviews on the topic reveals significant advancements primarily within the PM domain, with limited progress observed in program management, portfolio management, and organizational enablers. Therefore, this study seeks to identify progress in AI applications across all three domains and organizational enablers within OPM to establish emerging trends and highlight future research opportunities. A systematic literature review was conducted utilizing the SCOPUS and Web of Science databases. After applying a series of filters, 87 publications were selected for analysis. The study identifies AI applications in four types of tasks related to OPM: routine, decision-making, judgment, and problem-solving. Results indicate that while application of AI technologies remains primarily focused on PM, there are new advancements in program and portfolio management. However, they occur mainly in operational processes; strategic aspects remain largely underdeveloped. Regarding organizational enablers, similar to the previously published review papers, no AI applications are reported. This study identifies organizational challenges and research opportunities in four main areas: data collection, development of algorithms tailored to project requirements, human resource management, and ethical practices.
This study aims to identify the main drivers that influence internal GSCM (Green Supply Chain Management) practices undertaken by companies in the textile-fashion sector in Spain. Additionally, it examines how these companies leverage these practices to enhance both economic and environmental performance. By using a survey-based methodology and applying the PLS-SEM technique, the analysis highlights that imposed regulatory requirements and company environmental awareness are not a direct precursor to product and process oriented internal GSCM practices. Instead, internal firm-level motivators are significant in internal GSCM practices. External stakeholder pressures are significant in internal GSCM practices and more influential in internal product GSCM practices (eco-design and green packaging). Furthermore, while process-oriented GSCM practices positively contribute towards environmental outcomes, they do not directly enhance economic performance. Conversely, product-oriented GSCM practices positively affect both environmental and economic performance. By distinguishing the effects of product versus process practices, this study provides nuanced insights on the literature regarding GSCM, particularly in resource-intensive sectors such as textile and fashion, where strategic decisions regarding green practices can lead to differentiated economic and environmental outcomes.
Organizational project management (OPM) encompasses three key domains: program management, portfolio management, and project management (PM), in addition to organizational enablers. Research indicates increasing application of artificial intelligence (AI) technologies within OPM. However, an analysis of published literature reviews on the topic reveals significant advancements primarily within the PM domain, with limited progress observed in program management, portfolio management, and organizational enablers. Therefore, this study seeks to identify progress in AI applications across all three domains and organizational enablers within OPM to establish emerging trends and highlight future research opportunities. A systematic literature review was conducted utilizing the SCOPUS and Web of Science databases. After applying a series of filters, 87 publications were selected for analysis. The study identifies AI applications in four types of tasks related to OPM: routine, decision-making, judgment, and problem-solving. Results indicate that while application of AI technologies remains primarily focused on PM, there are new advancements in program and portfolio management. However, they occur mainly in operational processes; strategic aspects remain largely underdeveloped. Regarding organizational enablers, similar to the previously published review papers, no AI applications are reported. This study identifies organizational challenges and research opportunities in four main areas: data collection, development of algorithms tailored to project requirements, human resource management, and ethical practices.
A significant advantage in a constantly evolving trade fair environment is the bricoleur mind set. This is particularly relevant for a company deserving to participate in a trade fair but face challenges such as intense competition, resource allocation problems, and the need for adaptability. This research investigates the impact of bricoleur behaviour and problem-solving confidence on exhibitor performance at trade fairs offering valuable information about the dynamics of salespeople behaviour on a trade fair environment and the impact on the performance of company’s trade fair participation. Therefore, the study addresses the gap in the literature regarding the bricoleur behaviour of salespeople at trade fairs, investigating how they creatively use available resources to navigate the complexity of these events and improve their performance. Grounded in the Bricolage and Stressor Event theories, the study explores the swift and effective adaptation required at trade fairs, offering managerial insights and directions for future research. The study adopts a quantitative approach, by examining a sample of 304 Portuguese and Kosovar companies by a covariance-based Structural Equation Modelling (CB-SEM). The study results confirm the importance of bricoleur behaviour and confidence in problem-solving for exhibitor performance at trade fairs. The findings align with supporting theories, and the integrated approach of these skills culminates in a “bricolage thinking”, which is essential for navigating complex and high-pressure environments such as trade fairs, thereby contributing to the overall success of these business platforms.
Omnichannel strategies continue to play a fundamental role in the evolution of consumer behavior in Peru. In response, retailers are integrating physical and digital spaces by implementing omnichannel strategies. However, the specific impact of omnichannel experiences on consumer behaviour remains uncertain, particularly regarding perceived benefits and purchase intention. This study aims to demonstrate the relationship between the omnichannel experience and the benefits perceived by consumers, as well as their influence on purchase intention. The hypotheses were tested using structural equation modeling with the partial least squares (PLS-SEM) technique. Data were collected through an online survey of 420 Peruvian consumers with experience in omnichannel shopping. The main findings confirm that the omnichannel experience influences perceived convenience and variety and, to a lesser extent, purchase intention. Furthermore, the results demonstrate that perceived variety affects purchase intention, whereas perceived convenience is less decisive in this regard. Mediation analysis further confirms that perceived variety has a positive and significant mediating effect, suggesting that an improved omnichannel experience influences purchase intention through a greater perception of variety. This research provides both theoretical and practical contributions to the study of omnichannel consumer behavior in emerging markets, offering strategic insights for retailers seeking to optimize the customer experience and drive purchase conversion through a more attractive and diversified offering.
This study thoroughly examines often-overlooked micro-service elements within the broader spectrum of hotel services, aiming to improve hospitality services and ensure guest satisfaction. To achieve this, this research developed a methodological framework, integrating (a) the VADER text sentiment analysis framework, (b) a robust logistic regression procedure to pinpoint specific hotel service components culprit for guest frustration, and (c) the application of semantic network analysis to yield guest insights contextualised within the realm of underperforming hotel service micro-elements. Research findings highlight fifty specific service micro-elements identified as triggers of negative sentiment and subsequent degrees of diminished guest satisfaction. Furthermore, this study zooms into the top ten underperforming service micro-elements by employing semantic network analysis to uncover the roots of typical guest frustrations with their hotel experiences. Though identified within hotel reviews, certain service malfunctions have relevance within the broader domain of destination management. The outcomes of this study suggest a valuable resource for managers in detecting and rectifying inadequately performing hotel service micro-elements, which are pivotal for elevating guest satisfaction within their respective hotel properties. Additionally, the findings provide impetus for hotel and destination managers to implement tailored strategies to increase guest satisfaction across hotels and destinations.
This study applies the information integration theory (IIT) to explore how individuals simultaneously combine several stimuli —electronic word-of-mouth (e-WOM) valence, information source, and brand expectations— depending on four traits —consumption product frequency, social media use frequency, health consciousness and susceptibility to social influence— to form intentions toward health food brands products commented in social media. A 2×2×2 experiment was designed, and 200 Mexican consumers recruited online were randomly assigned to a high or null brand expectation condition before being exposed to a combination of positive or negative e-WOM published by a digital consumer or an influencer. According to the IIT, a multiplicative algebraic model describes how the receiver’s health consciousness, product category consumption frequency, and social media use moderate the relationship between e-WOM valence and consumers’ purchasing intention. The moderator effect of two experimental factors, the information source and the brand expectations, plus the moderator effect of the consumer social susceptibility were not empirically supported; however, brand expectations directly influenced the purchase intention. This study contributes to the online consumer behavior and e-WOM literature by examining the nonconscious or semiconscious processing of e-WOM valence when combined with other stimuli and how the effect of e-WOM valence changes depending on individual behaviors and traits.
The analysis of brand management through images on social networks has become increasingly important for companies, and this is why the purpose of this article is to analyse how visual content strategies and interactions with consumers on Instagram contribute to the construction of the organizational identity of Colombian swimwear brands through the analysis of netnography, in order to improve the understanding of key attributes of digital marketing management. As a first step in collecting the data, the netnography method was used and then the data was analysed through content analysis. In general, it was observed that organizational identity can be born and raised in two ways, a more tangible one that includes factors that describe what the organization expresses and represents; and another made up of the essence, soul, and heart of the brand, both with equal importance when building the organizational identity in social networks based on images. Human Communications are being shaped by new technologies, so this research for practice could be of great use since SNS today are gaining more and more strength as a marketing and advertising tool within organizations.
This paper analyses the extent to which football clubs’ emotional value —fan token-based— is related to economic value—share-based. Specifically, this research investigates the relationship between fan tokens and stock prices in European football clubs, aiming to discern fan engagement’s impact on financial market dynamics. We posit that fan token values are significantly linked to the valuation of clubs’ stocks. To assess this, a panel data analysis employing econometric models is conducted on six prominent football clubs that regularly participate in European competitions. The study period covers comprehensive data on fan token values and stock prices from 2022-2023. The findings reveal a positive and statistically significant correlation between fan token evolution and stock price movement. Individual ordinary least squares (OLS) regressions further confirm this trend. Moreover, a long/short strategy backtest emphasizes the substantial relationship between fan token evolution and stock performance. Hence, we demonstrate that clubs’ emotional perceptions —for which sustainability plays a key role— help predict clubs’ economic results. In other words, we demonstrate that being socially responsible is a strategy that could lead clubs to obtain a competitive advantage by improving fans’ perceptions, which in turn would have a positive impact on clubs’ performance. This study sheds light on the potential influence of fan engagement on football clubs’ financial market standing, offering insights crucial for stakeholders navigating the intersection of sports and finance.
This study examines how a firm’s innovation capability and marketing capability, as well as salespeople’s ambidexterity in sales and service, influence value co-creation with customers and how this co-creation and ambidexterity directly impact innovative service behavior in salespeople. The paper contributes to the literature by addressing certain aspects that have been relatively unexplored to date. A quantitative study is carried out using a sample consists of 91 sales professionals from the United Kingdom and the United States of America, spanning both consumer (B2C) and industrial market (B2B) salespeople, providing a diverse perspective. Using partial least squares (PLS-SEM) methodology, the findings reveal that (a) value co-creation, driven by the firm’s innovation capability and marketing capability, positively affects salespeople’s innovative service behavior, and (b) the development of ambidextrous sales and service skills among frontline employees also fosters innovative behaviors in service in the sales team. Based on service-dominant logic, this research provides novel insights into how value co-creation serves as a driver of innovative service behavior in salespeople. It further extends previous research by considering sales and service ambidexterity as a key factor in driving this innovative behavior. These findings highlight the need to co-create value with customers and enhance salespeople’s individual competencies to drive their innovative behavior in service within the current competitive and evolving market context.
