Nowadays, the use of exhaust gas energy seems to be a very promising key to increase the energy efficiency in maritime field by converting the thermal losses of ship into useful energy sources such as exhaust boiler, exhaust turbo charging or mini electrical generator, which ensure the best utilization of the fuel, reduce emission met IMO requirements and reduce the operating costs. Diesel engine exhaust gas energy, certainly the most interesting among the waste heat sources of a ship because of the heat flow and temperature, is always considered to utilize due to the exhaust gas energy is approximately 25-30% of total energy of burned fuels in internal combustion engines. By installing the main propulsion plant with a waste heat recovery system (WHRS), the fuel can be utilized more economically, because energy lost in the exhaust gas flow is less. Moreover, the amount of CO2 emissions related to the mechanical power output of engines may be dropped off. The paper presents the review of utilization of exhaust gas heat in ship and suggests a heating up method for biodiesel or bio-oils which fuel in diesel engine in order to get dual benefit.
Increment in energy demand, stringent outflow standards and consumption of oil assets have driven the specialists to discover alternative energizes source for internal combustion engine. On the other hand the plastic waste creates a serious problem to environments. Due to this facts researchers found a solution to rectify both problem by converting waste plastics into oil through pyrolysis process. In this paper a detailed review about the production of oil from waste plastics, engine performance and emission characteristics while using plastic oil as fuel and also varies approaches followed by different authors to overcome the problems faced by engine while using plastic oil as fuel in engine was discussed. Due to more aromatic component the plastic oil as fuel cannot be used as long term so deep study and advance technology needed in future in order to overcome this problem of braking the aromatic compound in combustion problem
In this paper, the results of an overview of the formation of carbon permeability when using a number of different permeable gases are presented. The most common permeable gases are “endo” gas and methanol. However, with conditions in Vietnam with an extremely abundant gas source, the use of imported gases will cause enormous waste. Therefore, in this study, we introduce the formation of the permeability medium of two “endo” and methanol gases. In addition, the authors also presented an analysis of the formation of seepage environments from Vietnamese gas sources. Research results show that the formation of permeability medium is suitable for imported gases. Experimental results show that the use of Vietnamese gas for permeability is of the same quality as imported gases.
"Osteogenesis imperfecta (OI) is one of the genetic disorder which was characterized by bone fragility. Previous studies reported that there are several mechanical properties has been used to investigate the strength of OI bone. However, little data is yet available to describe bone material properties in individuals with this disorder for type III alone. Therefore, the aim of this study is to investigate the mechanical properties in individual with OI bone type III at interstitial and osteon. Bone tissue reduced modulus and hardness were measured by nanoindentation in three specimens with total 40 indents. These properties were compared between osteogenesis imperfecta types III for interstitial and osteonal microstructural regions. Individual with osteogenesis imperfecta type III had higher hardness and reduced modulus at interstitial rather than osteonal bone regions. Overall, the mean and standard deviation of hardness is 0.6 ± 0.11 GPa, while 0.44± 0.06 GPa for osteon. The current study presents the dataset describing the bone material properties in individual with Osteogenesis Imperfecta Type III. Results indicate that intrinsic bone tissues properties were affected by phenotype. Knowledge on the mechanical properties of severity osteogenesis imperfecta may help to assist the model and prevent the fracture risk for those having this disorder."
On ships, boilers are used for many purposes: Supplying steam to the main steam turbine to drive the propeller to create thrust, drive generators, drive pumps and winches. Also, it has a role to drive trouble equipment, provide steam for heating lubricants, fuel, steam supply for air conditioning systems for crew members ... With so many important uses, ensuring good operation of the boiler is a matter of primary concern for operators. In the operation of the boiler, controlling the water levels ensures not only good steam generation but also operator safety as well as the boiler itself. Automatic control of the water supply process is an important part of the boiler control system. This system has the function of maintaining a stable water level in the boiler. Currently, fuzzy control theory, whose mathematical tool is the fuzzy set theory of L.A Zadeh is being developed strongly. Different from the old control technique that relies purely on the absolute accuracy of the information that many applications cannot, the fuzzy control can handle unclear information. Information that their accuracy is only recognized by their relations with each other and can only be described in the control language. Fuzzy control allows copying personal information processing and control methods to solve complex control problems. The paper focuses on research to use fuzzy control theory combined with traditional PID controller to achieve optimal quality control for the process of adjusting the boiler water level. Construct a fuzzy controller to adjust parameters of the PID water level controller to optimize the process of adjusting the boiler water level. Simulation of water level control of fuzzy PID control on Matlab-Simulink software.
Many industrial and commercial applications today are beginning to use autonomous systems to increase productivity and reduce costs for production and manpower. Most of these applications are only semi- autonomous, it still needs assistance from a human to start up or receive continual instructions. It can be improve the productivity using the image processing techniques based on the camera processing capabilities and more efficient vehicles. This research paper describes a vision tracking system platform and USB camera that used to make a distinguishing operation applying to real-time video tracking processing for moving product. The industrial camera tracking system is designed to provide tracking and sorting for the products based on the shape quality criterion, which is means reject the product with low quality (bad shape). The platform is used to distinguish different shapes of products and tracking operation. The received video is displayed in the computer through the acquisition video, taking advantage of the toolkit for acquisition video and image processing. It can be determined where the place of the part and detect the product, and then send information to the control system to remove unwanted product.
Low-temperature combustion (LTC) is a method which describes extremely low NOx and soot concentrations in an internal combustion engine. Absolutely, the element that mainly affects to mixture fuel-air premixed and combustion in PPCI engines is chemical kinetics. In PPCI combustion, the pressure, and temperature of the mixture inside the cylinder influence the duration of combustion. This study describes closed-loop combustion control in PPCI engines. Initially, control variables are necessary for this method. Secondly, it considers the combustion feedback sensors and control drives burn. The final section presents the PPCI closed-loop combustion control method.
In recent years, job candidates are currently required not only professional knowledge and skills but also English specifically implemented in particular occupations. Since then English for specific purposes (ESP) is the latest trend which has exponentially developed. The majority of universities have deployed diverse ESP courses in order to help learners address communicative needs as well as practices of particular professions. Ho Chi Minh City University of Transport has also provided interesting ESP courses supposed to assist engineering and technology students in their future careers. Not only inspired by the need to enable the learners of these courses to increase their knowledge of terminology in their fields but also integrating technology in language teaching and learning, this paper aims to suggest Quizlet a mobile and web-based study application as a tool to facilitate specialized vocabulary acquisition for learners of English for engineering and technology as well as for those who are learners of English for specific purposes in general. Thanks to Quizlet, both teachers and students will take full advantages from this innovative method that is probably proliferating their new learning and teaching experiences. Although the merits outweigh in this sphere, it is obvious that Quizlet should not be compulsory, but combined with other strategies to eventually give fruitful assistance to meet learners’ increasing demands on the verge of the industrial revolution 4.0.
Acidity, solubility and chemical properties of eleven years old of Leucaena leucocephala stem bark were investigated. The bark was peeled from the stem of tree and gentle washed in tap water to remove dirt before air-dried in the laboratory at room temperature (24 + 3°C) for 2-3 weeks. The bark was minced into coarse powder and grind to pass BS 250μm mesh sieve. After air-dried for several days, the samples were conducted to chemical analyses (ash content and pH value; solubility in 1%NaOH, hot and cold water solubility; extractive, cellulose and lignin content) based on ASTM standard methods. The results show that L. leucocephala stem bark considered as least acidic (pH value 6.04) and high ash content (15.76%). The solubility of bark components was higher in 1% NaOH (41.36%) compared to hot water (14.45%) and cold water (11.06%). Holocellulose and hemicellulose was 132.85% and 103.66%, respectively. Lignin was the major composition in L. leucocephala stem bark (38.4%) followed by cellulose (29.19%) and extractive (8.39%). This study indicated that the bark of L. leucocephala had less acidity. The high solubility of the bark potential as a carbohydrate resource, while the chemical component of the bark might influence rapid combustion during pyrolysis.
Wheel assemblies used in automobiles consist of Hub, Knuckle, Bearings and Wheel usually integrated as unibody or part components. The materials used for these components are mainly cast iron, mild steel, aluminum alloys, ductile iron, and steel spokes. Usage of an alternate material like the Nylon-6,6 has been proposed in this work which is intended to reduce the overall weight of the wheel assembly. Lightweight hub and wheel assembly would reduce the inertia, the work done to move or stop the vehicle. In this work, Nylon-6,6 has been proposed to be used for the wheel hub by conducting engineering analysis with suitable design yielding reliable FOS with reduction in weight thereby, making Nylon-6,6 a usable material for the wheel hubs. The characteristics of Nylon-6,6 like good mechanical strength, stiffness and mechanical damping ability with good fatigue resistance and ease of manufacturing gives the material an upper hand over other plastic polymers in reducing the unsprung mass without compromising on strength and safety.
This paper presents the theoretical basis of the process of building programming to calculate the reasonable thickness and thickness of the shaft liners. Through this calculation program, it is possible to calculate and select the shaft liners for shaft system. The content can be calculated as thickness; shaft torque and reasonable residual. The program results were calculated for the vessel with the load of 950 tons. This result completely complies with the design requirements of the shaft liners.
