The oxidation coupling of methane (OCM) has received attention as a direct route to produce C-2 chemicals. Although the OCM is energetically more efficient than the conventional process, however, it provides relatively low C-2 yield and CH4 conversion at lower temperatures. In this study, TiO2 and Ce were used as a support and a promoter to facilitate CH4 conversion by providing more available oxygen species in the Mn/Na2WO4-based catalysts. Additionally, the performance of TiO2-supported catalysts was compared with that of the conventional Mn/Na2WO4/SiO2 catalyst. Various techniques including X-ray diffraction, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and H-2 temperature-programmed reduction were conducted to evaluate the effect of TiO2 and Ce. The 1.9 % Mn-5% Na2WO4-5% Ce/TiO2 showed the best performance, with a maximum C-2 yield of 26.1% at 775 degrees C and the CH4/O-2 ratio of 2. This yield was higher than that of the Mn/Na2WO4-based catalysts examined in this study, indicating that TiO2 is a promising support for OCM catalysts.
In this study, the divergent behaviors were elucidated for CH2Cl2 and CH3Br oxidation over TiO2 and Ru/TiO2. Possible reaction mechanisms were elucidated. It was concluded that the adsorption and activation of halogenated volatile organic compounds were strongly dependent on the hard-soft acid-base theory.
Plasma-catalytic conversion of CO2 and H2O into energy gases at room temperature was studied in a dielectric barrier discharge reactor. CO, H-2 , and traces of CH4 were observed as the products in an argon atmosphere. Moreover, NiO with different morphologies was prepared and loaded on cordierite as catalysts. Compared with NiO-grain and NiO-sheet, NiO-sphere showed higher catalytic performance; the yields of H-2, CO, and CH4 were 354.3, 21.0, and 0.061 mu mol.h(-1).g(cat)(-1), respectively. Characterization indicated that highly dispersed NiO nano- clusters, chemical adsorption of CO2, and defect formation may be the factors that promoted the catalytic performance. Subsequently, a kinetic analysis was performed for further understanding the reaction process.
CeMnOx catalyst was synthesized by the combustion method, and the supported Ti/CeMnOx catalyst was subsequently prepared by wetness impregnation. Ti/CeMnOx catalyst exhibited higher N-2 selectivity than CeMnOx catalyst in the selective catalytic reduction of NO by NH3 (NH3-SCR), and the generation of side products including in N2O and NO2 were discussed. N-2 adsorption/desorption, X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), H-2 temperature-programmed reduction (TPR), NH3 temperature-programmed desorption (TPD), and in situ diffuse reflectance infrared Fourier transform spectroscopy (DRIFTS) were carried out to reveal the promotion effect of TiO2 on the N-2 selectivity of CeMnOx catalyst. Results indicated that loading TiO2 weakened the redox ability and enhanced the NH3 adsorption ability of CeMnOx catalyst, and thus inhibited NO/NH3 oxidation and facilitated the Eley-Rideal reaction pathways even at higher temperature.
MXenes are two-dimensional metal carbides with promising applications in energy storage and sensors. Guidelines for safe, scalable MXene synthesis are important due to ongoing efforts to scale-up production of these novel nanomaterials. Hazard identification before scale-up will allow for inherently safer designs prior to actual implementation. Here, we investigate hazards associated with MXene production, including MAX phase synthesis from raw materials, etching of the MAX phase to MXene clay, exfoliation to MXene nanosheets, and postprocessing of MXenes with Ti3C2Tx as a model species. The major hazards in MXene synthesis are the potential for dust ignition, runaway reactions, and toxic chemical exposure. Because the synthesis of MXenes is a multistep process, safety guidelines for each step are evaluated, including preventive and mitigating measures, best practices, and emergency procedures and responses. This includes handling of combustible powders, exothermic reactions, and harsh chemical etchants. This study is intended to facilitate safer MXene synthesis across various levels of scale-up, from large laboratory batches to commercial production.
In this study, γ-Fe₂O₃ was grafted with tungstophosphoric acid (i.e., HPW) to improve its selective catalytic reduction (SCR) performance at high temperatures. To investigate the mechanism of HPW grafting on the SCR activity of γ-Fe₂O₃, the kinetic parameters of NO reduction over γ-Fe₂O₃ and those of HPW/Fe₂O₃-500 were compared. Both the recrystallization of γ-Fe₂O₃ and the phase transition of spinel to hematite were restrained after HPW grafting, resulting in a higher Brunauer–Emmett–Teller surface area of HPW/Fe₂O₃-500. Meanwhile, the grafted HPW had a high acid strength, so the adsorption of NH₃ on γ-Fe₂O₃ was promoted remarkably. Furthermore, the C–O reaction over γ-Fe₂O₃ was inhibited notably after HPW grafting as its oxidation ability decreased. Therefore, HPW/Fe₂O₃-500 exhibited superior SCR activity at 250–500 °C, which was suitable for the power plants burning lignite.
The bubble-chord lengths, l(V)'s, and pressure fluctuations were measured in three-phase fluidized beds by focusing on the effects of gas flow rate, liquid flow rate, and particle size on them. The pressure fluctuations have been analyzed by resorting to fractal analysis. Specifically, the rescaled range analysis has been applied to time series of the pressure fluctuations, thus giving rise to the Hurst exponent, H. It has been revealed that as the gas flow rate in a bed increases, l(V) and the standard deviation of its distribution increase but H decreases, and that the opposite is true as the liquid flow rate increases. The Hurst exponent, H, has been correlated in terms of the operational variables and the geometrical features of the beds, and l(V) has been correlated as a function of H and the radial position in the bed.
ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTMultieffect extractive distillation for separating aqueous azeotropesScott Lynn and Donald N. HansonCite this: Ind. Eng. Chem. Process Des. Dev. 1986, 25, 4, 936–941Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1986Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1986https://doi.org/10.1021/i200035a017RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views361Altmetric-Citations38LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (685 KB) Get e-Alerts
ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTScheduling and sequencing of batch operations in a multipurpose plantSteven H. Rich and George J. ProkopakisCite this: Ind. Eng. Chem. Process Des. Dev. 1986, 25, 4, 979–988Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1986Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1986https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/i200035a024https://doi.org/10.1021/i200035a024research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views144Altmetric-Citations22LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTNew complex column arrangements for ideal distillationKonstantinos N. Glinos, Ioannis P. Nikolaides, and Michael F. MaloneCite this: Ind. Eng. Chem. Process Des. Dev. 1986, 25, 3, 694–699Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1986Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1986https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/i200034a016https://doi.org/10.1021/i200034a016research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views224Altmetric-Citations37LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTNovel process for direct conversion of free energy of mixing into electric powerJoseph Jagur-Grodzinski and Riry KramerCite this: Ind. Eng. Chem. Process Des. Dev. 1986, 25, 2, 443–449Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1986Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 April 1986https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/i200033a016https://doi.org/10.1021/i200033a016research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views481Altmetric-Citations75LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTCorrelation and prediction of particle axial velocity in a Schildknecht-type columnLourdes Serrano and Fatima FareloCite this: Ind. Eng. Chem. Process Des. Dev. 1986, 25, 2, 449–455Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1986Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 April 1986https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/i200033a017https://doi.org/10.1021/i200033a017research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views36Altmetric-Citations-LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTMethanol synthesis reactions: calculations of equilibrium conversions using equations of stateTe Chang, Ronald W. Rousseau, and Peter K. KilpatrickCite this: Ind. Eng. Chem. Process Des. Dev. 1986, 25, 2, 477–481Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1986Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 April 1986https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/i200033a021https://doi.org/10.1021/i200033a021research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views5125Altmetric-Citations58LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTM2 forming - a process for aromatization of light hydrocarbonsNai Y. Chen and Tsoung Y. YanCite this: Ind. Eng. Chem. Process Des. Dev. 1986, 25, 1, 151–155Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1986Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1986https://doi.org/10.1021/i200032a023RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views916Altmetric-Citations151LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (585 KB) Get e-Alerts
ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTImproved pressure swing adsorption processes for gas separation: by heat exchange between adsorbers and by using high-heat-capacity inert additivesR. T. Yang and P. L. CenCite this: Ind. Eng. Chem. Process Des. Dev. 1986, 25, 1, 54–59Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1986Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1986https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/i200032a009https://doi.org/10.1021/i200032a009research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views297Altmetric-Citations22LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTEthylbenzene dehydrogenation reactor modelCharles M. Sheppard, Edward E. Maier, and Hugo S. CaramCite this: Ind. Eng. Chem. Process Des. Dev. 1986, 25, 1, 207–210Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1986Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1986https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/i200032a033https://doi.org/10.1021/i200032a033research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1039Altmetric-Citations17LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTAerosol reactor design: effect of reactor type and process parameters on product aerosol characteristicsSotiris E. Pratsinis, Toivo T. Kodas, Milorad P. Dudukovic, and Sheldon K. FriedlanderCite this: Ind. Eng. Chem. Process Des. Dev. 1986, 25, 3, 634–642Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1986Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1986https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/i200034a007https://doi.org/10.1021/i200034a007research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views452Altmetric-Citations42LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSeparation of zinc isotopes by liquid-phase thermal diffusionW. M. RutherfordCite this: Ind. Eng. Chem. Process Des. Dev. 1986, 25, 4, 855–858Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1986Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1986https://doi.org/10.1021/i200035a003Request reuse permissionsArticle Views158Altmetric-Citations1LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (388 KB) Get e-Alerts
ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTDesign of adaptive/inferential control system and its application to polymerization reactorsTakeichiro Takamatsu, Suteaki Shioya, and Yoshiki OkadaCite this: Ind. Eng. Chem. Process Des. Dev. 1986, 25, 3, 821–828Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1986Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1986https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/i200034a039https://doi.org/10.1021/i200034a039research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views116Altmetric-Citations5LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
