El objetivo de este trabajo es analizar la singularidad del biodistrito Comarca Sierra de Huelva focalizando la atención en su diversidad territorial y agroalimentaria, así como en sus marcas de calidad alimentaria. La metodología aplicada se basa en la triangulación de los datos, empleando fuentes documentales, trabajo de campo –entrevista no estructurada y observación no participante– y bases de datos. De los resultados se desprende una propuesta de zonificación del biodistrito a partir de sus rasgos territoriales y agroalimentarios; un análisis crítico de su institucionalización; la constatación de la destacada presencia de certificaciones ecológicas y marcas territoriales de calidad alimentaria y actividades para-agrarias; y la relevancia del sistema dehesa-cerdo ibérico en su configuración y funcionamiento interno. Se concluye en la necesaria consideración de las facetas territoriales y productivas (agropecuarias, agroindustriales y para-agrarias) en la conformación de los biodistritos y la orientación de sus políticas públicas.
Paisaje de La Geria (Lanzarote), con viñas cultivadas en hoyos excavados sobre gruesa arena volcánica (rofe) y protegidas por zocos de piedra
Es objetivo central de este estudio identificar los efectos de la gentrificación en la capacidad de carga sociopercibida sobre la calidad de vida de los habitantes de Atlixco, Puebla (México). Para ello se analizaron las importantes consecuencias de la gentrificación turística sobre la equidad social, la economía local y el desarrollo sostenible, a partir del aumento de la llegada de turistas y habitantes en segundas residencias a Atlixco y su denominación como pueblo mágico en 2015. El enfoque empleado es cuantitativo. El instrumento central ha sido un cuestionario analizado mediante un modelo de ecuaciones estructurales. Además, se distingue por la metodología en su carácter correlacional y explicativa. La valoración de la calidad de vida de los habitantes empleó como referente los indicadores del Índice Nacional de Calidad de Vida (INCAVI), mientras que la capacidad sociopercibida fue medida por el modelo de Doxey. Los hallazgos indican una percepción en el aumento de renta y precios, la concentración de tierras en capitales foráneos y de forma general, una comunidad local que se fragmenta según ingresos y/o grupos étnicos.
En las últimas décadas, los incendios se han intensificado en la región mediterránea, reflejando en Extremadura (España) un aumento en frecuencia e intensidad. Estos fenómenos también condicionan la percepción del riesgo y la conducta de la población, especialmente del alumnado, para quien la educación ambiental y territorial es clave en el fortalecimiento de la resiliencia social. El objetivo de esta investigación es analizar la percepción, conocimiento y actitudes del alumnado de Educación Secundaria y Bachillerato frente a los incendios forestales (n=178). Los resultados muestran que el 20,2 % del alumnado ha sufrido afectación directa, mientras que el 34,8 % ha experimentado confinamiento. La experiencia directa influye en el conocimiento práctico sobre cómo actuar ante un riesgo y en la intensidad emocional, especialmente tristeza y miedo persistente, al tiempo que reduce la confianza en los servicios de emergencia. El entorno rural se asocia con mayor carga emocional y percepción de probabilidad de afectación, mientras que la enseñanza percibida en riesgos es valorada más por quienes no han experimentado incendios de forma directa. El alumnado no afectado prioriza daños visibles y soluciones operativas; el afectado, la protección ambiental. La educación contextualizada fortalece la capacidad de análisis, la acción y resiliencia ante incendios.
La actual expansión de centrales de energías renovables (EERR) cada vez más extensas y potentes, ha conllevado una competencia por el uso del suelo en muchos espacios de España. Esta investigación se centra en las malas prácticas en el desarrollo de proyectos de EERR asociadas con la transición energética en España. Se identifican y clasifican las relaciones entre las partes en conflicto (actores y sus coaliciones), los motivos de conflicto (argumentos o reivindicaciones que las partes utilizan para oponerse) y las características de los proyectos de energía eólica terrestre y solar fotovoltaica. Los resultados se basan en un análisis exhaustivo de 50 casos de estudio, aplicando un diseño de investigación secuencial explicativo, que incluye análisis de documentos, entrevistas y estadísticas de análisis multivariante. A pesar de las diferencias esenciales entre los dos tipos de tecnología la mayoría de las partes y motivos que surgen en los conflictos tiene una base común. Hemos identificado diecisiete motivos, trece partes en conflicto y proponemos una tipología de conflictos de cinco categorías. Las conclusiones incluyen recomendaciones sobre lo que los planificadores y promotores pueden aprender y qué medidas y prácticas poner en marcha para minimizar los posibles conflictos con energías renovables.
Este estudio examina comparativamente la evolución demográfica, residencial y urbanística de las ciudades de Ávila, Segovia y Soria entre 1981 y 2021, incorporando una actualización hasta el cuarto trimestre de 2025 mediante datos censales, cifras oficiales del padrón municipal, indicadores del mercado inmobiliario y análisis de los instrumentos de planeamiento urbano vigentes. A través de una metodología comparada que integra el estudio de las variaciones demográficas y del parque residencial, el análisis territorial de los ritmos intercensales y la revisión de las políticas urbanísticas, se identifican patrones comunes y divergentes en sus trayectorias urbanas. Los resultados evidencian que, aunque las tres ciudades comparten una expansión del parque de viviendas superior al crecimiento demográfico, existen diferencias significativas vinculadas a su posición territorial respecto a Madrid, al grado de periurbanización y a su capacidad reciente de reactivación poblacional y residencial. En particular, se observan contrastes en los procesos de compactación urbana, ajuste del mercado inmobiliario y estrategias de ordenación del suelo. Se concluye que la categoría de ciudad media interior no responde a una dinámica uniforme de estancamiento, sino que engloba procesos urbanos diferenciados de transformación, revalorización y adaptación territorial, determinados por factores geográficos, funcionales y de gobernanza urbanística.
La identificación de espacios urbanos desfavorecidos representa uno de los mayores desafíos técnicos y éticos en la planificación urbana contemporánea. A medida que las desigualdades espaciales se expanden y se tornan más tangibles, la necesidad de métodos de delimitación precisos se vuelve imperativa para la correcta asignación de recursos públicos. Sin embargo, la falta de consenso metodológico provoca que cada investigador aplique procedimientos propios, en ocasiones imposibles de replicar. Este problema ha sido escasamente visibilizado en la literatura especializada en el tema, pese a conllevar incertidumbre al existir la posibilidad de que se obtengan resultados divergentes. Con la finalidad de reducir sesgos y arbitrariedad, sobre todo en relación con procesos que involucren reparto de fondos públicos, este trabajo introduce el concepto de “tolerancia general”, en referencia al grado de diferencia entre metodologías destinadas a delimitar la vulnerabilidad urbana. Se presenta un procedimiento matemático para cuantificar la divergencia entre estudios y se experimenta su viabilidad mediante la comparación de cuatro métodos diferentes aplicados en un mismo entorno urbano, concretamente en la ciudad de Valencia. Como resultado, se confirma la existencia de divergencias según procedimientos y se muestra gráfica y numéricamente la magnitud de las diferencias.
As early as 1726, through the Maritime Department of Cartagena, it was envisaged that the lands belonging to Murcia, without trees, should be reforested. The 1888 Decree, enacted as a result of devastating floods, encouraged the reforestation of the Guadalentin basin or Rambla de Sangonera. In 1891, the first protective reforestation in Spain began in the Segura basin, including Sierra Espu & ntilde;a. In 1907, Murcia City Council asked the State to reforestater its mountains (Carrascoy, Miravete and others). Other reforestation projects were also undertaken, such as that of 1907 in the mountais of Ricote, Blanca, anda Lorca, and the eastern and southern slopes of Sierra Espu & ntilde;a, and that of 1917 in Salinas de San Pedro del Pinatar for securing the dunes. It seems that prior to these reforestations, others were carried out in the 18th century in Cehegin. The aim of this work is to establish how and when reforestation began in the Region of Murcia, in order to assess the initial situation and the general changes that occurred in the landscape. For this purpose, an analysis of historical documents (newspapers, maps, archives, etc.) has been carried out, and images showing the change in the landscape have been used. It can be concluded that reforestation began as a flood mitigation measure and initially only on public land, resulting in an important change in the regional landscape.
Tourism can play a key role in revitalizing marginalized rural areas. To design effective strategies that promote this activity, it is essential to have accurate data on the spatial and temporal distribution of visitors, the occupancy of infrastructures, and to enrich these data with the sociodemographic characteristics of the area. This study analyzes tourism in the Las Merindades region using mobile phone data. The methodology combines an exploratory analysis of the spatial distribution of visitors, mapping the impact of seasonality on annual tourism activity, the analysis of hotel occupancy by accommodation type, and the development of a linear regression model to identify the key factors driving tourism and its spatial variations in relation to physical, demographic, and economic variables. The results show a predominance of Spanish tourists, who in summer exceed 15% of the population in several municipalities and occupy more than 50% of the available hotel accommodation. Furthermore, there is a direct relationship between tourism, population, and the supply of accommodations, while the most aged and disadvantaged municipalities attract fewer visitors. These findings can help guide sustainable tourism development policies in a disadvantaged rural region.
This study addresses the fear map of secondary education students in the city of Manacor (Balearic Islands). The preparation of a questionnaire has served as the basis for designing a database on causes and places that generate fear among the participating students. The conversion of qualitative data into categorical data, alongside their statistical and spatial processing, has revealed that gender, age, and academic stage have a decisive effect on the reported grounds of fear. On the other hand, the physical environment is the main generator of fear among the group of adolescents who took part in this research.
Environmental injustice caused by extractivism is a central element of the rural crisis in Latin America, affecting indigenous communities in a harmful manner. These communities, in their struggle to address injustices and preserve their territories and cultures, have explored various alternative strategies. Community-based tourism (CBT) has emerged as a viable option. This study examines the case of the Mapuche community of La Punta in the Los Rios Region of Chile, which is grappling with the aftermath of a severe ecological disaster caused by a pulp mill in the Rio Cruces Wetland. Using a qualitative methodology with ethnographic and participatory techniques, the study analyzes the ecological disaster and the insufficient remediation measures as a form of environmental injustice against Indigenous peoples, and how the implementation of CBT, consistent with Indigenous worldviews, helps mitigate issues linked to extractivism. It concludes that, despite persistent risks, CBT offers significant opportunities to strengthen Mapuche livelihoods and protect the natural environment on which they depend.
Distribution systems for supermarkets, department stores, e-commerce companies, and shipping service providers have given logistics an unprecedented role. These systems are responsible for ensuring the transport of products from their point of origin to the end consumer, integrating functions such as transport, storage, and distribution. Information management enables synchronization throughout the product supply chain. In this context, metropolitan peripheries have become strategic locations for the expansion of logistics parks, distribution centers, and warehouses. This process, known as logistics urbanization, involves dynamics such as land grabbing and changes in land use. This article analyzes the expansion of logistics infrastructure as a key factor in understanding the reorganization of urban commerce and its territorial impact on areas undergoing extensive urbanization. To this end, it presents empirical evidence from the northern part of the Mexico City Metropolitan Area, where this phenomenon is clearly observable.
The article focuses on the forms of retail desertification and on the solutions adopted to address it in Italy, largely identified with processes of regeneration, framing them within the economic restructuring of retail and the urban policies that have characterized the post-pandemic phase. The study, originating from an investigation initiated in 2024 and continued in the 2025-26 period with subsequent updates, is here systematized jointly reviewing conceptualizations, developments, and policy tools centered on retail, in order to understand which forms of desertification and commercial regeneration dominate academic studies and public debate on Italian urban spaces. After outlining the main phenomena affecting urban-commercial landscapes, several theorical perspectives from Italy will be developed, also drawing on previous studies and focusing on the "Italian-style retail apocalypse" and on the hypothesis of a "Retail-Less City". The main dynamics underpinning these conceptualizations will be identified, presenting some updated results related to the explored concepts, and critically analyzing the adopted urban-commercial tools. Finally, the attempt to verify whether an Italian path to urban-commercial regeneration exists will serve as the basis for a brief critical discussion, with the aim of drawing some more general conclusions in light of the Italian case.
This article examines the architectural configuration of urban ground floors and the pivotal role of land tenure in shaping the retail landscape. By investigating the elements that drive urban intensity at the pavement level, the study identifies plot morphology as a primary determinant of ground-floor permeability and functional diversity. Using four chamfered corners within the regular grid of Barcelona’s Eixample as case studies, the research demonstrates how these morphological disruptions foster a vibrant street environment. The findings suggest that the physical characteristics of retail spaces dictate the balance between diverse uses, which is fundamental to sustaining street-level vitality. The paper concludes by discussing urban design instruments and planning policies intended to regulate plot structures, thereby enhancing the intensity and resilience of contemporary cities.
This paper explores the urban economy through the transformation of commerce in Barcelona. It analyses how digitalisation and the Barcelona City Council's Superblocks project are creating the retail-less city in a post-COVID-19 scenario. New consumer habits affect the urban commercial structure, possibly driving the city towards a reduction or elimination of traditional commerce. The theory of circuits of the urban economy (Santos, 1975) is employed an analytical method to classify the retail premises. This methodological approach enables the theory to be operationalised to the reality of Barcelona. The case studies focus on two pedestrianized commercial axes that underwent urban redevelopment between 2018 and 2023. These are Consell de Cent and Gran de Sant Andreu. The research reveals an increasing trend towards the concentration of the upper circuit, the most capitalized, and a rise in the number of closed retail premises, to the detriment of the lower circuit. This suggests a new commercial order. Additionally, the circuits of the urban economy are empirically tested, evolving from the method to a new methodological proposal for the contemporary reality of Barcelona.
This research explores the relationship between commercial desertification and the shift in use of commercial premises to residential, within the broader context of retail and housing crises. Using a qualitative approach-including in-depth interviews with actors from the real estate and commercial sectors, and surveys of commercial hubs-it identifies an emerging but fragmented governance. This governance is shifting from protecting local commerce to managing and promoting changes in use. The trend is driven not only by economic pressures such as real estate speculation and declining profitability, but also by social and urban factors like demographic shifts and regulatory fragmentation. The findings warn of a loss of urban mix, declining public space vitality, and the urgent need for multilevel governance to address the issue holistically.
The intensification of tourism activity in major urban destinations has a significant impact on their residential and commercial fabric. This study aims to investigate how commercial and hospitality activities are changing because of strong tourism pressure, and to assess whether these changes are affecting the current heritage value of Madrid's Plaza Mayor, one of the city's main historic sites. To this end, a detailed inventory was conducted of the establishments located within the Plaza Mayor's designation as a Bien de Inter & eacute;s Cultural (BIC, Asset of Cultural Interest) and its protected surroundings. Using this data, a tourism specialization index was calculated and mapped. Google Street View was used to track the evolution and changes in business uses over the past five years. The results reveal that touristification has intensified, transforming the commercial landscape of the study area, and producing a space increasingly specialized in tourism services and daytime leisure. These changes have had a considerable impact on the architectural, urban, landscape, and social values for which the Plaza was originally designated as a BIC. As a result, new challenges arise for the management and preservation of this historic site.
How will climate change affect different tourism activities? This study offers an in-depth analysis of the influence of atmospheric conditions on cultural attractions-an essential yet still underexplored segment from this perspective. It examines how meteorological factors shape tourists' decisions and levels of satisfaction in two major cultural sites on the Iberian Peninsula: the Altamira Museum (Spain) and theJer & oacute;nimos Monastery (Portugal). Drawing on visitor surveys, the study evaluates the impact of various climatic variables, as well as differences linked to visitor profiles. The findings indicate that, beyond rising temperatures, it is episodes of heavy rainfall and strong winds that most significantly disrupt visitors' planning and overall experience, with uneven effects depending on the type of public and the specific infrastructure. In a context of global warming, the main challenges will stem from the increasing frequency of extreme weather events, requiring tourism management to adapt to anticipate risks and ensure satisfactory and sustainable experiences in cultural tourism. Moreover, these sites may acquire an emerging role as urban climate refuges, further underscoring their relevance within broader adaptation strategies.
The growing development of tourism in urban areas and its effects on commercial fabric are new realities that are transforming historic centers. The aim of this research is to analyze the evolution of commercial activity in the historic center of Murcia from the 1980s to the present day. To this end, the directory of establishments with economic activity of the City Council of Murcia and the register of the Chamber of Commerce have been used, in addition to field work where data has been obtained from the establishments of the so-called 'open commercial center', which fits largely to the historic center. The results indicate the growth of an important commercial range of activities linked to tourism and leisure and an advance of the most competitive franchises to the detriment of those linked to traditional commerce. Finally, measures are proposed to favor a balance between both modalities. Undoubtedly, the decline of traditional commerce entails a loss of identity and heritage in this unique historic area.
The demographic challenge requires inter-administrative coordination to make the allocation of available resources and funds more efficient. Provincial governments, in their role as guarantors of solidarity and intermunicipal balance, can play a key role due to their proximity to the territory and their priority attention to smaller population centers. In the case analyzed, however, the results show budgetary and territorial governance limitations. This conclusion has been reached by combining quantitative (economic and demographic) and qualitative information, especially from the interview of twenty-five informants who have been key to the construction of a conceptual map reflecting the causes and complexity of the problem, identifying at the same time several vicious circles that emphasize the competitive difficulties of the territory as the ultimate cause of population loss.
