目的 分析甲状腺切除术后病人血清钙、甲状旁腺激素(parathyroid hormone,PTH)及中央区引流液PTH水平的变化特点,探讨监测上述指标对甲状腺术后评估甲状旁腺功能的临床意义.方法 2018年1月～2021年1月就诊于我院普外科行甲状腺切除、中央区淋巴结清扫术病人112例,根据术中甲状旁腺原位保留0枚、1枚、2枚,分为A0、A 1、A2组,测定病人术前及术后1～4天血钙、血PTH、中央区引流液PTH水平.结果 112例病人发生低钙血症23例,其中A0组15例、A 1组6例、A2组2例.各组血钙较术前均显著下降,A0组下降最明显,且在术后1～4天无明显升高趋势,而A1、A2组呈逐渐升高趋势,A2组升高更快;各组血PTH较术前均显著下降,A0组下降最明显,且在术后1～4天无明显升高趋势,A1、A2组血清PTH水平呈上升趋势,但术后4天内,上述两组血PTH均未上升至术前水平.各组引流液PTH水平差异显著,A2组均值最高,A1组次之,A0组最低;随着时间的推移,A0组无明显变化,A1、A2组病人引流液PTH水平总体呈下降趋势,A1组较A2组下降更快.结论 甲状腺术后监测血钙、血PTH、引流液PTH可有效地评估原位保留甲状旁腺功能恢复情况,而中央区引流液PTH可直接反映原位保留甲状旁腺的活性,术后引流液维持在一个高水平是原位保留的甲状旁腺存活的直接证据.
Objective To explore the efficacy of lapatinib combined with trastuzumab in the treatment of patients with human epidermal growth factor receptor-2(HER2)-positive breast cancer and its effects on survival prognosis.Methods 86 patients with HER2-positive breast cancer who were treated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy from April 2016 to June 2018 were selected as the research subjects,and they were divided into observation group(lapatinib combined with trastuzumab treatment)and control group(trastuzumab treatment)by means of the random number table method,with 43 cases in each group.The therapeutic efficacy of the two groups was compared,and the changes in levels of vascular endothelial growth factor,inflammatory factors and apoptotic factors were recorded before and after treatment.All patients were followed up for 3 years or until their death,and the cumulative survival rate was compared between the two groups,and the occurrence of adverse events during treatment were counted.Results There were no significant differences in objective response rate(ORR)and disease control rate(DCR)between observation group and control group(72.09％vs 58.14％,86.07％vs 74.42％,P＞0.05).After treatment,the levels of vascular endothelial growth factor A(VEGFA),vascular endothelial growth factor B(VEGFB),vascular endothelial growth factor C(VEGFC),tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α),interleukin-1β(IL-1 β),interleukin-6(IL-6)and interleukin-8(IL-8)in observation group were lower than those in control group,and the expression levels of decoy receptor 3(DcR3)and cyclooxygenase-2(COX-2)after treatment were also lower than those in control group(P＜0.05).The 3-year survival rates in observation group and control group were 46.51％(20/43)and 30.23％(13/43),and the median survival times were 34.5 months and 26.7 months(P＞0.05).There were no significant differences between the two groups in terms of incidence rates of adverse events(P＞0.05).Conclusion Lapatinib combined with trastuzumab in the treatment of patients with HER2-positive breast cancer can reduce the levels of vascular endothelial factors and inflammatory factors and inhibit the releases of apoptotic factors,but has little effect on the 3-year survival rate of patients.
病人,女,68岁.因二尖瓣置换术后6年余,心慌、气紧伴乏力1周于2021年5月21日入院.心脏彩超检查提示左房增大、二尖瓣位生物瓣、瓣架稳定,靠左前侧瓣上探及大小约6 mm ×7 mm的强回声团附着,随瓣叶开闭来回甩动;人工二尖瓣瓣口大量反流,肺动脉压力71 mmHg,考虑为人工生物瓣膜置换术后感染性心内膜炎(图1A).入院后予强心、利尿、控制心率、控制感染等对症支持治疗后转入心脏外科拟行手术治疗.
Objective To investigate the clinical efficacy of bone filling mesh bag combined with pedicle anchoring for the treatment of Stage Ⅲ reducible Kummell disease.Method The 35 paients with Stage Ⅲ reducible Kummell disease were treated with bone filling mesh bag combined with pedicle anchoring from January 2018 to December 2022.The operation Time,intraoperative blood lose,bone cement injection volume and surgical complications were recorded.The VAS score,ODI value,kyphosis Cobb angle and midline height of the injured vertebral were compared at preoperative,postoperative 1 day and last follow-up.Results All patients were followed up for 12-24 months[(15±3.5)months].Operation time was 35-63 min[(45±5.8)min],intraoperative blood loss was 10-35 ml[(20±5)ml],bone cement injection volume was 4.5-7.8 ml[(5.5±1.8)ml].There were 4 cases of bone cement leakage,there were 1 case of intervertebral leakage,2 cases of lateral leakage,1 case of anterior leakage and no patient with intracanal leakage.All bone cement leakage did not lead to clinical symptoms,bone cement poisoning and pulmonary embolism.No cement mass slip.All patients were followed up for 12 to 24 months[(15±3.5)months].VAS scores and Oswestry Disability Index(ODI)values were significantly lower on the first day after surgery than before surgery,with statistical significance(P＜0.05).The 3-month follow-up was slightly higher than that on the first day after surgery,and the difference was not statistically significant(P＞0.05).The midline height and Cobb Angle of the injured vertebra were measured by imaging.The height of the injured vertebra recovered significantly on the first day after operation,and the Cobb Angle decreased significantly,the difference was statistically significant(P＜0.05).The midline height of the injured vertebrae decreased and the Cobb Angle increased slightly at 3 months after the operation,but the difference was not statistically significant(P＞0.05).Conclusion In the the treatment of Stage Ⅲ reducible Kummell disease,Bone filling mesh bag combined with Pedicle anchoring have good clinical efficacy,which can significantly reduce the pain of patients,relieve clinical symptoms,improve spinal function,improve quality of life,and reduce the incidence of bone cement leakage and slippage.
Objective To explore the clinical value of microsatellite instability(MSI)combined with tumor mutation load(TMB)in evaluating postoperative recurrence and metastasis in patients with non-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC).Methods A retrospective selection was performed on the 80 patients with NSCLC undergoing radical surgery in the hospital between March 2020 and March 2021.All underwent maintenance therapy after surgery.According to presence or absence of recurrence and metastasis at 1 year after surgery,they were divided into recurrence-metastasis group(47 cases)and non-recurrence-metastasis group(33 cases).The clinical data in both groups were collected.MSI and TMB detection of pathological tissues were conducted.The value of MSI and TMB in predicting recurrenceand metastasis of NSCLC patients after surgery was analyzed and compared.Results The univariate Logistic regression analysis showed that the recurrence and metastasis of lung cancer after radical resection were related to smoking history,high tumor staging,medium and low differentiation,lymph node metastasis,MSI negative,and high TMB(P＜0.05).The results of multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that lymph node metastasis and high TMB were independent risk factors of postoperative recurrence and metastasis(P＜0.05),while positive MSI was a protective factor(P＜0.05).Both MSI and TMB were of evaluation value for postoperative recurrence and metastasis(P＜0.05).There was no significant difference in AUC between MSI and TMB(P＞0.05).There were significant differences in AUC between combined detection and MSI(P＞0.05),but there was no significant difference between combined detection and TMB(P＜0.05).Conclusion Both MSI and TMB have evaluation value for postoperative recurrence and metastasis.There are differences between combined detection and MSI,but there is no significant difference between combined detection and TMB,which indicates that single TMB has good detection value.
Objective To investigate the efficacy of kinesio taping(KT)in the treatment of pain,function,range of motion and muscle strength in patients with knee articular osteoarthritis(OA).Method Forty patients with knee articular OA diagnosed in our hospital from January 2021 to January 2023 were selected.We randomly divided them into two groups,each with 20 cases.The observation group received KT therapy,while the control group received sham bandage therapy.Visual Analogue Scale/Score(VAS)was used to assess the degree of activity and nocturnal pain,KOOS score was used to assess the functional status of patients,digital goniometer was used to measure the range of activity and hand-held force meter was used to assess muscle strength.The evaluation time includes before treatment and on the 12th day of treatment.Result Compared with before treatment,the pain,function,range of motion,and muscle strength of patients in the control group and KT group were significantly improved after treatment.And compared with the control group,the KT group also significantly improved the above indicators after treatment.Conclusion KT therapy has significant efficacy in relieving short-term pain and improving functional limitations in knee osteoarthritis.
Objective To investigate the correlation of fibulin 5(FBLN5)and Rho GTPase activating protein 4(ARHGAP4)in gastric cancer tissues and their relationship with the prognosis of patients.Methods One hundred gastric cancer patients admitted to the Department of General Surgery of Shijiazhuang First Hospital were selected for the study,and gastric cancer tissues＞1 cm from the tumor margin and paracancerous tissues 5 cm from the tumor margin were collected.Retrospective analysis of the relationship between FBLN5 and ARHGAP4 expression profiles and clinicopathological indices of gastric cancer,as well as their effects on survival,was performed with univariate and Cox regression analyses of the patients'clinical data.Immunohistochemical staining was used to detect the expression of FBLN5 and ARHGAP4.The relationship between the expression levels of different FBLN5 and ARHGAP4 and the survival time of patients.Results The positive expression rate of ARHGAP4 was lower than that of paracancerent tissues,and the positive expression rate of FBLN5 was higher than that of paracancerent tissues(P＜0.05).ARHGAP4 expression was associated with tumor site,Lauren's staging,lymph node metastasis,TNM stage,differentiation degree,CE,CA19-9,CA125,and immune score(P＜0.05);FBLN5 expression was associated with Lauren's staging,lymph node metastasis,TNM stage,differentiation degree,CE,CA19-9,CA125,and immune score(P＜0.05);Kaplan-Meier analysis showed that the 3-year cumulative survival rate of FBLN5 positive group was,which was lower than that of negative group(P=0.044).The 3-year cumulative survival rate of ARHGAP4 positive patients was higher than that of negative patients(P=0.021).Cox results showed that positive ARHGAP4 was protective factor for survival(P＜0.05).Conclusion The prognosis of patients in the FBLN5-positive group is worse than that in the negative group,high expression of FBLN5 is a risk factor for survival,and the prognosis of patients with ARHGAP4 negative group is better than that in the positive group,which are closely related to the development and prognosis of gastric cancer patients.
Objective To investigate the clinical treatment of patients with refractory plasma cell mastitis by fistulectomy combined with nipple correction,observe its clinical efficacy,and analyze its clinical practicability.Methods Nine patients with refractory plasma cell mastitis were treated from August in 2020 to March in 2022.Before operation,fistulectomy and nipple correction were performed after the local inflammation was controlled by oral Chinese medicine.After operation,routine surgical dressing changes were performed,and the clinical efficacy,satisfaction evaluation of postoperative breast appearance and recurrence rate were observed.Results All the nine patients were cured after operation and they were satisfied with their breast shape,and there was no recurrence within one year after operation.Conclusion Fistulectomy combined with nipple correction is a safe and effective method for the treatment of patients with refractory plasma cell mastitis.
Objective To explore the efficacy and prognostic independent factors of modified island flap(OIF)and urethroplasty(tip)in the treatment of hypospadias in children.Methods The 164 children with hypospadias analyzed retrospectively were treated from February,2013 to February,2021.They were divided into two groups according to the operation method.82 patients in tip group were treated with tip and 82 patients in OIF group were treated with OIF.The treatment effects of the two groups were compared.Then they were divided into two groups according to the cure condition,namely,the good prognosis group(cured by operation,151 case)and the poor prognosis group(not cured by operation,13 case).Independent factors affecting the prognosis of children were analyzed by binary logistic regression.Results The cure rate of OIF group was 96.34％,which was higher than that of the tip group(87.8％),and the incidence of postoperative complications in OIF group was 7.32％,which was lower than that of the tip group(23.17％,P＜0.05).The operation time in tip group(95.95±12.35)min,which was shorter than that of the OIF group(P＜0.05).At the same time,the binary logistic regression analysis showed that the degree of hypospadias and the classification of barcat were the prognostic factors of children with hypospadias.The degree of penis bending,the width of penis head and the method of operation were suspicious factors.Conclusion OIF and tip have good effects in the treatment of hypospadias in children.OIF has a higher success rate,tip has a shorter operation time and fewer postoperative complications.However,the independent factors affecting the prognosis of children are preoperative hypospadias classification and barcat classification.This operation method is not an independent factor affecting the prognosis.
2020年,我国脑卒中患病率、发病率和死亡率分别为 2.6％、505.2/100 000 人年和 343.4/100 000 人年.我国脑卒中的平均发病年龄为65岁,老年人群是发病主体[1].近年来,脑网络外科研究深入、先进技术临床转化增加、新型材料发展迅速,推动脑卒中的外科治疗技术的进步.外科治疗技术以微创手段为主,在降低脑卒中病死率的同时提升脑功能保护能力和促进康复能力,使其在急危重症脑卒中病人的救治方面较内科药物治疗取得优势.神经内镜手术、机器人手术、血管内治疗和脑卒中外科康复等微创脑卒中外科治疗技术的发展对于老年脑卒中病人有着特别的意义.
病例1,男,49岁.诊断为甲状腺双侧叶结节伴钙化,甲状腺癌不能排除,于2022年8月28日入院.甲状腺超声检查:紧邻甲状腺右侧叶背侧可见一大小1.17 cm × 0.82 cm的稍低回声团(图1A),形态规则,边界清晰,内可见数个强回声斑,其内未见血流信号,甲状腺左侧叶中部可见一大小为0.90 cm ×0.73 cm的混合回声团,形态规则,边界清晰,内可见数个强回声斑.颈部CT检查:甲状腺右侧叶内后方食管旁见一直径约6 mm低密度影,内见少许气体影(图1B).甲状腺结节细针穿刺细胞学检查镜下见少量鳞状上皮细胞,中性粒细胞,食物残渣样物,可能为食管憩室(图1C).经胸外科会诊后诊断为Killian-Jamieson憩室,予以动态观察处理.
1.首字是zuo的动宾词组,全用"做":做准备/做广告/做生意/做贡献/做事情/做手术/做检查/做父母/做文章/做实验/做朋友/做斗争/做游戏/做动作/做试验/做报告/做研究/做调查/做处理/做运动/做努力/做调整/做后盾/做表率/做模范/做分析/做实事/做决定/做活动/做解释/做比较/做买卖/做设计/做衣服/做保证/做交易/做演员/做服务/做表演/做好事/做报道/做医生/做顾问/做介绍/做项目/做保障/做抵押/做美容/做企业/做担保/做示范/做事业/做临时工/做市场.
随着微侵袭外科概念的提出和推广,神经外科的诊疗领域从技术、设备和理念各方面均发生了巨大变革,神经外科疾病的诊疗也从单纯病灶的切除发展为对病人生活质量的改善和各类神经功能(包括认知等高级功能)的保护.近年来,国内学者提出了精准神经外科的理念,其核心是以神经病理学、神经显微解剖学、神经影像学、神经功能学等多学科知识的融合为基础,以显微手术技术和辅助设备为手段,对相关神经外科病人术前评估、手术诊疗、术后快速康复、远期追踪随访的全流程管理观念.
Objective To investigate the safety and efficiency of multiple-discipline cooperated diagnosis and treatment on esophageal foreign body and to discover the risk factors of patients who need surgical treatment compared with medical treatment.Methods The information of 108 patients who was diagnosed with esophageal foreign body from January 2014 to June 2021 and accepted multiple-discipline cooperated diagnosis and treatment consisted of cardiothoracic surgery department,digestive system department,emergency department,imaging department and anesthesiology department was collected.Then,we compared the difference of clinic time,foreign body type,endoscopic findings,position of incarnation,complications,postoperative hospital stay between surgical treatment and medical treatment.Results Patients in medical treatment were older than surgical treatment[(59.21±13.12)years VS.(52.65±12.66)years,P＜0.05].Clinic time shew a skewed distribution,clinic time was longer in surgical treatment compared with medical treatment by rank sum test(P＜0.05).There were statistical differences in foreign body type,esophageal injury and complications between the two groups(P＜0.05).The white blood cell count of endoscopic treatment group and surgical treatment group was(7.89±3.08)× 109/L and(11.69±6.98)× 109/L,respectively(P＜0.05),neutrophil counts were(6.16±2.96)× 109/L and(9.97±6.97)× 109/L,respectively(P＜0.05),proportion of neutrophils were(76.11± 8.75)％ and(81.52±12.52)％,respectively(P＜0.05),and C-reactive protein level were(43.26± 56.87)mg/L and(111.37±102.86)mg/L,respectively(P＜0.05).Conclusion Multiple-discipline cooperated diagnosis and treatment is safe,rapid and effective in the diagnosis and treatment of esophageal foreign bodies.Patients with longer clinic time,higher white blood cell counts,higher neutrophil counts,higher proportion of neutrophils,and higher C-reactive protein level were more likely to require surgical treatment.
Objective To explore the influencing factors and prognosis of epilepsy after operation for insular low-grade gliomas.Methods The clinical data of 120 patients with insular low-grade gliomas with pre-operative seizure symptoms in the Chinese glioma Genome Atlas Project(CGGA)database from July 2008 to June 2014 were retrospectively analyzed.The seizure control and survival prediction information of the patients were followed up one year after operation.The risk factors affecting post-operative seizures were analyzed by Logistic multiple factor regression analysis,Kapla-Meier curve was used to analyze the effect of postoperative epilepsy control factors on progression free survival(PFS)and overall survival(OS).Results Before operation,36 cases(30.0％)had simple focal seizures,53 cases(44.2％)had focal seizures with different degrees of cognitive impairment,and 31 cases(25.8％)had generalized seizures.During the follow-up after one year of surgical treatment,72 patients(60％)had a complete improvement in epilepsy symptoms(Engel grade Ⅰ),33 patients(27.5％)had a significant improvement(Engel grade Ⅱ),11 patients(9.2％)had a significant improvement(Engel grade Ⅲ),and 4 patients(3.3％)had no improvement or deterioration(Engel grade Ⅳ).Larger tumor resection degree,no putamen involved,IDH1 mutation are favorable factors for postoperative control of epilepsy.Improvement of seizures was a favorable prognostic factor for PFS and OS.Conclusion Epilepsy is the most common symptom of insular gliomas.The improvement of postoperative epilepsy symptoms is related to the degree of tumor resection,involvement of putamen and IDH1 mutation status.Complete improvement of epilepsy symptoms can prolong the progression free survival time and overall survival time of patients.
病人,男性,37岁.因呼吸困难1个月余,加重伴胸痛2天,于2022年6月7日入院.入院前因呼吸困难就诊于外院,查CT肺动脉造影(computed tomo-graphy pulmonary angiography,CTPA)示肺动脉广泛栓塞,给予抗凝、溶栓等对症治疗,无明显缓解.2天前出现呼吸困难加重,不能平卧,伴右侧胸痛.
Objective To explore the safety and efficiency of sequential operation of Tirelizumab combined with chemotherapy in neoadjuvant therapy for locally advanced esophageal cancer.Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted on 60 patients with locally advanced esophageal cancer admitted to Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University from August 2018 to June 2022.The immunotherapy combined with chemotherapy sequential surgery patients were selected as the observation group(29 cases)and the chemotherapy sequential surgery patients were selected as the control group(31 cases)according to the treatment method.The study aimed to analyze whether there were differences in efficacy and safety between the two groups.Results There are 28 patients with R0 resection in the observation group,and 14 case reached ORR.In the control group,29 cases were resected with R0,and 7 cases reached ORR.The proportion of ORR patients in the observation group was significantly higher than that in the control group,which was statistically significant(P＜0.05).There were 9 patients with pCR in the observation group and 2 patients with pCR in the control group,and the proportion of pCR patients in the two groups was significantly different(P＜0.05).There were no significant differences between the two groups for preoperative and postoperative adverse events.Conclusion Immune checkpoint inhibitors combined with chemotherapy sequential surgery are safe and reliable in patients with locally advanced esophageal cancer,with significant short-term efficacy,and long-term efficacy remains to be observed.
影响术后颅内出血发生率的因素包括颅脑损伤程度、术后血压波动、医生技术水平、术中止血是否彻底、肿瘤组织是否全切等.术中彻底止血是预防术后颅内出血最重要的有效措施[1-2].系列新型止血材料的出现,如生物蛋白胶及速即纱等,解决了外科止血后创面广泛微小血管渗血的问题,且应用范围不断扩展,在颅脑手术中除了用于创面止血,还被用于经蝶手术术后辅助鞍底重建等,高危病人中将二者联合使用[3].我们对117例联合应用速即纱和生物蛋白胶的颅脑手术病人进行观察.
Objective To explore the serum levels of VILIP-1 and Cav-1 in cases with severe craniocerebral injury undergoing decompression and their effects on the prognosis.Methods 108 patients with severe craniocerebral injury who were treated in our hospital from July 2019 to July 2022 were selected as the study group,and 120 healthy people who came to our hospital for physical examination were selected as the health group.All cases were followed up for 6 months,and were divided into good prognosis group(GOS=4-5 points,n=82)and poor prognosis group(GOS=1-3 points,n=26)according to GOS.The levels of serum VILIP-1 and Cav-1 were detected by ELISA.The diagnostic value of serum VILIP-1 and Cav-1 on the prognosis of patients was evaluated by the ROC curve.Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to explore the prognostic factors of patients.Results The levels of serum VILIP-1 and Cav-1 in study group were higher than those in healthy group(P＜0.05).The levels of serum VILIP-1 and Cav-1 in case with poor prognosis were higher than those in cases with good prognosis(P＜0.05).The AUC(95％CI)of serum VILIP-1 and Cav-1 to predict the prognosis of patients was 0.848(0.797～0.899)and 0.817(0.766～0.868).The AUC(95％CI)of the combined detection was 0.905(0.854～0.956).The time from injury to admission,admission GCS score,history of diabetes,admission pupillary reaction,preoperative brain midline displacement and postoperative complications in good prognosis group were different from those in poor prognosis group(P＜0.05).Preoperative midline displacement≥5 mm(OR=2.467,95％CI:1.619～3.760),postoperative complications≥ 2(OR=2.321,95％CI:1.544～3.489),VILIP-1≥10.37 ng/ml(OR=3.367,95％CI:2.087～5.432),and Cav-1≥32.28 μg/L(OR=2.770,95％CI:1.786～4.298)were risk factors for prognosis in patients(P＜0.05).Conclusion Serum VILIP-1 and Cav-1 can be used as biological indicators to predict the prognosis of patients with severe brain injury after decompression,and the increase of serum VILIP-1 and Cav-1 levels are risk factors for prognosis.
《临床外科杂志》是由湖北省医学会主办,全国公开发行的临床外科专业性学术类期刊,为国家科学技术部中国科技论文统计源期刊(中国科技核心期刊).并荣获首届《CAJ-CD规范》执行优秀期刊奖.国际标准刊号:ISSN1005-6483,国内统一刊号:CN42-1334/R.本刊以"面向临床,指导临床,服务临床"为宗旨,报道外科领域中最新的科研成果和临床诊治经验,密切结合临床实践,对外科临床和科研工作有很强的指导作用.辟有述评、专家笔谈、论著、术式介绍、技术革新、讲座、综述、会议(座谈)纪要、临床病例讨论、教学查房、学术争鸣、国内外学术动态、基层医院经验、病例报告、问题解答、新期刊文献、书评等栏目.
