An in-line compounding technique by modifying single screw extruder was proposed for manufacturing long glass fiber reinforced polypropylene thermoplastic composites. The effects of hole diameter, open hole ratio, hole pitch of breaker plate and distance between screw tip and breaker plate on the morphology of long glass fiber were studied, and the mechanical properties of the composites were tested. The results show that the breaker plate has an obvious impact while the change of hole pitch has not on the morphology of long glass fiber when the ratio of hole diameter to fiber length is below 0.5 and the open hole ratio less than 0. 2. Compared to the single hole one, breaker plate with multi holes is favorable for fiber distribution and further improvement of the mechanical properties of the composites. A certain distance between the breaker plate and screw tip should be kept to maintain fiber length and stable extrusion. For a given breaker plate, the local resistance coefficient is found to be a reliable parameter to control the fiber morphology.
As a non-viral vector in the gene transfection, of which the transfer process is closely associated with cell membrane, Gemini surfactant has become a major focus of research. In this work, the surface pressure-area per molecule （π-A） isotherms of the mixed monolayers of Gemini surfactant （18-3- 18） and dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine （DPPC） were measured by Langmuir balance, and then the mean molecular area（Am）, excess area of mixed monolayers （△ex）, the excess Gibbs free energy （△Gex）, the Gibbs free energy of mixing （△Gmix） and the interaction parameter a were quantitatively examined. The mixed nature was determined, and the interaction between 18-3-18 and DPPC was further investigated. In addition, the morphologies of the corresponding LB films were observed by AFM. The results indicate that the stability and themodynamics of mixed monolayer of 18 3-18 and DPPC as well as their interactions were affected significantly by the molar ratio of 18-3-18 and DPPC and the surface pressure. In particular, two minima of △G, x and △Gmix for the mixed monolayer of 18-3-18 and DPPC appeared at XDPPC =0. 20 and 0.67, which indicated that the phase separation would occur in the range of 0.20-0.67. This is consistent with the observation by AFM.
This paper systematically investigated the expression of S-adenosylmethionine synthetase gene from yeast by using the pET soluble expression system. It was indicated that pET-44a (Nus fusion tag ) as the carrier and Origami (trxB and gor double mutant) as the host were suitable for the soluble expression of the target protein. Furthermore, the same result was obtained when the soluble expression of S-adenosylmethionine synthetase gene from different sources (E. coli, Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus thuringiensiss) were tested. It was also found that the gene from yeast got the highest soluble expression, which the specific activity of SAM synthetase was up to 60.9 U/mg.
According to the characteristics of forging manipulator＇s end movement and the output correlation, the type synthesis tasks were divided into three groups, the mechanism motion output matrix was built, the single ordered opened chain was taken as a design objective, and the structure synthesis of the main motion mechanism was carried out. Then the characteristics of the three groups were integated based on the whole system and the extreme service environment of forging manipulator, and finally a lot of kinds of manipulators＇ complete configurations were integrated. The input and output co-relational characteristics of some mechanisms and control decouping were studied. The results show that some new configurations are superior to the typical configurations for the control decouping.
Spherical PVC-Li4Mn5O12 ion-sieves with diameter of about 3.5 mm were prepared by the developed PVC granulation process of Li4 MnSO12 ultrafine powder synthesized in our lab. The morphology and adsorption property were characterized by scanning electron microscopy （SEM） and methods to determine the pore size distribution, adsorption kinetics and selectivity. The nanorod structure of ultrafine powder was well maintained in the composite PVC-Li4Mn5O12 ion-sieve, and the spherical ion-sieve had high specific surface area, high Li＋ adsorption capacity and high selectivity for Li＋ adsorption in simulated brine.
Li_2SiO_3 powders were prepared at low temperature via hydrothermal process using LiOH ? H_2O and TEOS as raw materials.The effects of the reaction time,temperature and pH value on the preparation of Li_2SiO_3 powders were investigated systematically.The morphology and thermal stability of Li_2SiO_3 powders were characterized by means of XRD,SEM and FT-IR.The results showed that pure Li_2SiO_3 powders were obtained via hydrothermal treatment at 100℃for 72 h.This powders showed very good thermal stability that no decomposing reaction or phase change would happen even after calcined at 1 100℃.The nano Li_2SiO_3 powders(100～200 nm) were obtained at 100℃as observed by SEM.
Properties of mixed aqueous solutions of ionic liquid（Br） and traditional surfactant（SDS） were studied.Results showed that the properties of the mixed systems varied with the chain length of substituted alkyl in ionic liquids.Only those systems containing ionic liquids with equal to or more than 6 carbon atoms in alkyl chains can form aqueous two phase system（ATPS）.The ATPS containing ionic liquids and surfactant has obvious extraction ability to xylenol orange and the potential to separate and purify biomaterials.The difference in appearance of ATPS should be attributed to the various size and shape of the surfactants aggregates formed in mixed solutions.Furthermore,the electrostatic attractive interaction,the hydrophobic interaction in addition to the synergistic effect between ionic liquids and SDS further promote the surfactant assembly,which leads to the formation of liquid crystal at lower surfactant concentration.
The simulation of ethylene plant needs accurate data of cracking furnace feedstock which is difficult to get. The simulation of feed system makes it possible to get the cracking furnace feedstock data base on the feedstock data of plant which is easy to get. This paper simulated a feed system of a petrochemical ethylene plant and reconciled the redundant flow-rate measurement with the data rectification technique. The data rectification technique solved the problem of data disequilibrium and data missing. We also proposed a method of dealing with negative data appeared in data rectification. Finally, we got accurate and reliable cracking furnace feedstock data.
The wireless sensor network technology has continued to develop and its application in industry has grown significantly. However, it is challenged by the evil environment in industry field. This paper first analyzed the wirelessHART protocol, and then merited the mechanism of wirelessHART to design the industrial wireless mesh protocol according to application demand. Following that, the modified routing algorithm and TDMA scheduling algorithm based on TSMP were presented. Finally, the simulation results and hardware realization demonstrated that this protocol is able to satisfy the demands of application to industry.
The studies on vibration localization of periodic structure are mainly based on displacement modes at present, while the strain modes have not been applied to the research of vibration localization. Consequently, it was imagined to apply the strain modes to vibration localization based on a finite element model of bladed disk with shrouds, and the vibration localization factors based on strain modes and displacement modes were compared with the condition that the bladed disk is mistuning. The results show that the vibration localization based on strain modes is much more sensitive to stiffness mistuning than the vibration localization based on displacement modes; what＇s more, the strain mode shapes are different with the displacement modes at the same mode order. The results are important to the design of periodic structure with snubbing mechanism.
Using nucleic acid bases of purine as the basic structure,twelve purine analogs are synthesized via introducing aromatic amide.These purine analogs have high melting points and great molecular weights.The UV absorption data indicate that they enhanced UV absorption performance. These purine analogues have potential value in light stabilizer field.
The change of internal resistance and capacitance in microbial fuel cells（MFCs） was investigated by electrochemical impedance spectrosopy（EIS）,polarization slope and power density peak method during the start-up period.The results showed that the total resistance and activation resistance reduced while anodic capacitance increased during the start-up period of MFCs,which reflected well the reproduction and domestication of electricigens.Activation resistance,ohmic resistance and concentration resistance were able to be separated by the polarization slope method while the data were unstable.The volumetric power peak method obtained stable values of the MFCs＇ intermal resistance which has valuable reference for selecting external resistance in MFCs.
The conventional restoring method of motion blurred image,based on power spectrum or bispectrum,has high sensitivity to noise.In order to overcome this shortcoming,this paper proposes a new method,in which a median complement template is adopted to estimate the noise power.After the motion direction is identified in logarithm power spectrum domain,the blurred image is rotated to horizontal direction.Moreover,the motion extent is calculated in bispectrum domain of the rotated image such that the effect of noise on the identifying precision can be greatly reduced.It is shown via experiment results that the proposed method can effectively identify the motion parameters from noisy blurred image with more than 5 dB signal-to-noise ratio,and attain a better restored image.
The ozonation of A254 and DOC in biotreated textile effluents at various water temperatures was studied in this paper.Evolution of apparent first-order rate coefficient k(t) was analyzed in terms of non-linear model.Results showed that k(t) of A254 and DOC,which decreased with reaction time entirely,varied from(0.063 5±0.031 6) min-1 to(0.089 5±0.044 1) min-1 and from(0.011 0±0.005 7) min-1 to(0.020 9±0.002 9) min-1 during 60 min,respectively,when water temperature is at 280-313 K.Furthermore,the effect of temperature on DOC removal was more significant,since mean activation energy of the former was twice as much as A254.And high dissolved ozone concentration appeared to enhance k(t) of DOC at 280 K in the initial stage of ozonation.
The bulk copolymerization of trifluoromethyl methacrylate（TFEMA） and isobornyl methacrylate（IBOMA） using azodiisobuty-ronitrile（AIBN） as initiator was studied with emphasis on the reactivity ratio of two monomers and the copolymer properties with various monomer doses.The monomer reactivity ratios were calculated by using KT and FR graphical methods and YBR calculative method.The result indicates that the reactivity ratios of TFEMA and IBOMA are 3.693 and 0.263,respectively.Glass transfer temperature,refraction index and transparence of the copolymer were determined by differential scanning calorimetry,Abbe refractometer and visible ultraviolet spectrophotometer,respectively.
Aiming at the shortcoming of slower optimization （PSO）, this paper introduces an average which is utilized to regulate the inertia weight accelerated. Besides, this paper incorporates sim parallel and SA＇ s probability sudden jump, th convergence is effectively avoided. Moreover, t functions. Finally, this proposed method is ap and searching speed speed to describe learning factors in the traditional particle swarm the such activeness of particle swarm, that the searching speed is ulated annealing （SA） into PSO. By means of PSO＇s fast e population diversity may be maintained and the local he improved algorithm is verified through 4 typical test plied to the optimization on the model for wind speed probability distribution of wind farm. Compared with traditional statistic strategy, the present algorithm may attain higher precision.
Folate-coupled carboxymethyl chitosan(CMCT-FA)was synthesized through the 1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyyl)-carbodiimide-mediated reaction.CMCT-FA modified pH-sensitive nanoliposomes were prepared by the film-pH gradient method using doxorubicin(DOX) as a model drug.The encapsulation efficiency,particle size distribution,ζ potential and drug release character of the nanoliposomes were investigated.The results showed that the ζ potential of CMCT-FA modified DOX nanoliposomes decreased significantly compared with unmodified DOX nanoliposomes,while changed slightly in comparison with CMCT modified DOX nanoliposomes.The release rate and cumulative release amount of DOX from nanoliposomes in acidic condition increased significantly after CMCT-FA modification.
Based on the mechanism of heavy oil catalytic cracking and the features of two reaction zones of maximizing iso-paraffins（MIP） process,a 10-lumped kinetic model was established according to the data from a commercial unit of MIP which included saturates（SS）,aromatics（SA）,resin and asphaltene（SR） in the feed,diesel（D）,gasoline saturated hydrocarbons（GS）,gasoline olefins（GO）,gasoline aromatics（GA）,liquefied petroleum gas（LPG）,dry gas（Gas） and coke（C）.40 Sets of kinetic parameters were calculated and tested by industrial data.The results showed that the model predicted well the main products,especially hydrocarbon group composition of gasoline,and reflected the catalytic cracking reaction rule.This model can guide the optimization of MIP process.
The impact of cultivation temperature on the physiology and productivity of porcine insulin precursor（PIP） protein secreting P.pastoris strains was investigated.The multi-copy PIP producing P.pastoris strains A2 and A3 were cultivated at 25 ℃ and 30 ℃.Compared with those at 30 ℃,PIP production of A2 and A3 at 25 ℃ was increased by 40% and 32%,respectively.The viability of recombinant A3 cells was increased by 20%,and the transcriptional levels of KAR2,PDI1,GLR,and TRR1 in A3 cells were reduced by 16%-35% compared with those cultivated at 30 ℃.Thus,protein folding stress and oxidative stress responses in the high-copy strain cells are generally decreased at 25 ℃,leading to a 40% increase in heterologous protein production by multi-copy recombinart P.pastoris host cells.
The physicochemical properties of Shenhua coal gasification slag were characterized with the aids of XRF,XRD and SEM/EDS,and the catalytic effect of gasification slag on petroleum coke/CO2 gasification reactivity was also investigated.The results showed that the ash contents of bottom slag and fly ash were 78.39% and 62.71%,respectively.Bottom slag contained higher contents of Ca and Fe,but lower contents of Si and Al than those of fly ash.Inorganic matters in gasification slag mainly existed in the form of inert materials with no gasification reactivity.Calcium sulfate,iron oxide and glaserite（K3Na（SO4）2） in bottom slag were main catalytic components,while there was only low content of calcium sulfate in fly ash with catalytic effect.With increasing addition of slag,carbon conversion versus maximum gasification reactivity decreased.Catalytic gasification reactivity of petroleum coke with 5%-30% addition of gasification slag was raised 2-7 times as compared with non-catalytic one,and bottom slag had higher catalytic activity than fly ash.
