This study identifies the development priorities of Kepuhsari, an ethnic community-based tourism (ECBT) village in Indonesia, by assessing infrastructure accessibility and examining the role of Village-Owned Enterprises (BUMDesa). This study uses a quantitative descriptive approach based on the Integrated Rural Accessibility Planning (IRAP) method, complemented by qualitative methods, including FGDs, interviews, observation, and secondary data, to generate weighted accessibility indicators. The findings indicate that transportation infrastructure and public information media are the most critical priorities in both upper and lower village regions. However, BUMDesa Sido Mukti remains inactive in tourism development due to managerial constraints and misalignment with ECBT objectives. This study uniquely applies IRAP, traditionally used for rural infrastructure, to ethnic tourism development. Practically, this study recommends enhancing transportation and information infrastructure, alongside restructuring the strategic direction of BUMDesa. Methodological limitations include context-specific findings that cannot be statistically generalized without reapplying the full IRAP process in other settings.
This study aimed to analyze the influence of price, content, and ease of use on consumer attitudes and purchase intentions toward local and global video streaming platforms in Indonesia, specifically comparing Vidio and Netflix. The research used a quantitative method and involved 107 respondents aged 17 and above who had experience using both platforms, selected through purposive sampling. Data were analyzed using Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS‑SEM). The findings showed that price, content, and ease of use significantly affected consumer attitudes toward Vidio, while only price and ease of use had significant effects for Netflix. Content did not significantly influence attitudes for Netflix. Consumer attitude strongly influenced purchase intention for both platforms. This study filled a research gap by highlighting differences in attitude formation between local and global platforms and providing strategic insights for local providers to enhance competitiveness in Indonesia’s streaming industry.
This study examined social entrepreneurship in the expanded BRICS+ countries, where rapid growth coexisted with persistent inequality, unemployment, and regulatory barriers. A systematic review of peer-reviewed literature was conducted to consolidate fragmented findings and to assess ecosystem maturity across member states. The study proposed a triangular framework connecting government, market, and community actors to support sustainable social impact. The review found that funding shortages and bureaucratic complexity remained major obstacles, while innovation, job creation, and hybrid organisational models created significant opportunities. Social ventures were found to contribute to poverty reduction and held potential to generate substantial economic value in comparable contexts. The study concluded that supportive policies were needed, including streamlined digital regulation, legal recognition of hybrid enterprises, expansion of impact investment, integration of social entrepreneurship into education, and cross-BRICS+ pilot programs led by more advanced ecosystems to enhance knowledge sharing and strengthen inclusive and sustainable development.
The construction industry in Indonesia is growing rapidly, with significant projected growth in 2025. However, delays and failures in project completion remain major challenges, negatively impacting companies and the industry's reputation. This study aimed to analyze the influence of emotional intelligence and organizational culture on project performance, with organizational commitment as a mediating factor, focusing on project managers in state-owned construction companies. Using a quantitative-explanatory approach and probability sampling with cluster techniques, data were collected from 166 project managers across seven state-owned construction firms in Indonesia. SEM-PLS was employed for analysis. Results indicated that emotional intelligence significantly impacts both project performance and organizational commitment. Additionally, organizational culture promoting transparency and collaboration positively influences project performance, albeit to a lesser extent. Organizational commitment serves as a critical mediator. Future studies should consider demographic factors, adopt a longitudinal design, and involve broader organizational roles for a more comprehensive perspective.
International trade involves the cross-border exchange of goods and services, reflecting the interconnected flow of commodities and offerings between distinct geographical areas. It is the cornerstone of global business and an important tool for economic interactions between countries. The principle of comparative advantage allows countries to produce and export goods on a global scale that they are more efficient in and import the ones from other nations that they are not. Technical developments have played a significant role in trade evolution. The recent rise of disruptive technologies such as Blockchain has sparked curiosity among stakeholders for its various possible uses in the global trade landscape. Due to its inherent features of security, immutability, and transparency, blockchain technology can significantly enhance trade security, minimize trade costs and eliminate most intermediaries from the trading process. Although Blockchain has the potential to influence international trade significantly, the existing literature has not yet produced any conclusive evidence. This study examines how Blockchain technology affects international trade dynamics. The study also discusses the potential challenges and provides recommendations to enhance Blockchain's impact on world trade, especially for developing nations. Our findings reveal that Blockchain has a prominent role in shaping the future landscape of international trade. However, specific challenges need to be addressed by organizations before reaping the full benefits offered by this innovative technology, which is still in its early stages.
This study aims to analyze the relationship between free cash flow (FCF) and firm profitability in the energy sector in Indonesia. Using a quantitative approach and panel regression method, this study evaluates data from 978 annual observations of energy companies over the period 2002-2023. The analysis shows that FCF generally has a significant negative effect on profitability, both short-term (ROA, ROE) and long-term (LTROA, LTROE). This negative effect is most pronounced in the middle quantiles of the firm performance distribution, supporting the argument in agency theory that free cash accumulation without adequate supervision may trigger opportunistic managerial behavior and inefficient investment. In contrast, at the highest quantile, the effect of FCF tends to be insignificant, indicating that high-performing firms are able to manage FCF more optimally. This finding emphasizes the importance of strengthening corporate governance mechanisms to direct FCF allocation to productive investments and improve long-term profitability.
This study investigates the relationship between operational excellence through entrepreneurial approaches and fishermen's welfare in East Java, Indonesia. Using quantitative analysis of data collected from 195 fishermen, the research examines how creativity, innovation, opportunity recognition, and risk-taking influence welfare outcomes. Multiple regression analysis revealed that operational excellence significantly predicts fishermen's welfare, with creativity, innovation, and risk-taking emerging as significant predictors. The findings demonstrate that fostering entrepreneurial traits among fishermen can lead to improved operational excellence and enhanced welfare outcomes. This study contributes to the literature by highlighting the importance of entrepreneurial approaches in traditional sectors and provides practical implications for policymakers and fishing industry stakeholders seeking to improve fishermen's socioeconomic conditions through operational excellence initiatives.
This study examines the entrepreneurial activities of Indonesian fan-merchandise artists and develops a business success framework. Using an abductive qualitative approach, data were collected from semi-structured interviews with 11 artists who have operated their businesses for at least 3.5 years. The findings show that business success is shaped by a combination of intrinsic and extrinsic motivation, creative management practices, personal financial resources, market engagement strategies, and community support within the meso-environment. Meanwhile, macro-environmental factors such as legal awareness and economic conditions were found to restrict rather than facilitate business success. This study proposes a modified framework consisting of Motivation, Management, Money, Market, amd Macro/Meso Environment as contextual mechanisms crucial to fan-merchandise entrepreneurship. The framework contributes to understanding passion-based micro-entrepreneurship and offers practical insights for creative industry stakeholders in Indonesia.
This study examines the process of transformation of small-scale fishermen's economic behavior from subsistence patterns to independent entrepreneurship. The study was conducted using a systematic literature review approach to 41 academic sources that include scientific articles, books, and policy documents that are relevant in the context of coastal development. The findings show that this transformation is influenced by a combination of structural, psychological, and social factors, including loss aversion, low access to capital and markets, and the strength of community social capital. In addition, the role of local institutions such as BUMDes and fishermen's cooperatives has proven crucial in shaping adaptive capacity and entrepreneurial mindsets. A community based development approach that integrates local wisdom, cultural values, and active community participation is the key to the success of the intervention. This study contributes to the literature by integrating behavioral economics and community-based development to propose a contextual model of fishermen’s behavioral transformation. The findings highlight the need for empowerment policies that are psychologically informed and locally grounded, particularly in small-scale coastal communities of Eastern Indonesia.
This study explores the factors affecting Data Analytics (DA) adoption in Tanzanian commercial banks' audit functions by expanding the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) with Organisational Factors (OF) and Innovative Behaviour (IB). Using a quantitative approach, data were gathered from 193 internal auditors and analysed with SmartPLS through Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modelling (PLS-SEM). The study found that perceived Usefulness, innovative behaviour, leadership support, Organisational culture, and technological infrastructure significantly influence DA adoption. Surprisingly, financial resources and regulatory compliance negatively affect adoption. Contrary to traditional TAM expectations, perceived ease of use and employee training do not have a significant impact. Practical implications indicate that banks should promote innovation, invest in infrastructure, and align regulatory frameworks with digital transformation objectives. Policymakers should create supportive environments, while practitioners must incorporate analytics into auditing workflows. Future research should examine longitudinal trends and cross-country comparisons, and provide qualitative insights into financial and regulatory challenges.
This study tested the perceived procedural and informational justices in predicting commitment among employees at rural banking sector. The paper assumes that the direct link of perceived procedural and informational justices with organizational commitment is moderated by organizational collectivism. For this end, the study used a survey method and analyses using Partial Least Squares 3 (PLS- SEM) from 284 Indonesian rural bank employees in Indonesia. The results suggest the following. First, procedural, and informational justice are two predictors of employee commitment to organizations. Second, organizational collectivism significantly moderates the relationship between procedural justice and employee commitment, but failed to moderate the relationship between informational justice and employee commitment. This study is the first one to examine the moderating effect of organizational collectivism on the relationship between procedural and informational justice with employee commitment.
This research examines the factors that drive digital transformation and investigates the roles of organizational agility and customer participation in the transformation as key drivers of enhancing company performance. Using a quantitative method, data was collected from companies that have implemented digital transformation through an online survey. This study employed a partial least squares (PLS) structural equation model (SEM) to examine the proposed model using Smart PLS. The results indicate that technological, human, and environmental factors significantly influence a company's digital transformation. Furthermore, this research contributes to theory by integrating organizational agility and customer participation within the framework of digital transformation and its impact on company performance, as measured through operational efficiency, innovation performance, and profit growth. The findings highlight the importance of organizational agility amplifies its positive effects on operational efficiency, innovation performance, and profit growth, while customer participation plays a pivotal role, particularly in enhancing innovation performance.
This study investigates the influence of transformational leadership on employee performance in small and medium enterprises (SMEs) across Southeast Asia, focusing on Malaysia, Singapore, and Thailand. Employing a quantitative cross-sectional survey design, data were gathered from employees using validated scales such as the Multifactor Leadership Questionnaire, Job Satisfaction Survey, Organizational Culture Assessment Instrument, and Employee Performance Scale. Structural equation modeling analysis revealed that transformational leadership positively impacts both job satisfaction and employee performance, with job satisfaction partially mediating this relationship. Organizational culture, particularly clan and hierarchy type, moderates these effects, with clan culture enhancing the leadership-satisfaction link and hierarchy culture diminishing the leadership-performance link. Cross-country differences indicate a stronger leadership-satisfaction effect in Malaysia. These findings highlight the pivotal role of leadership and culture in driving SME performance in Southeast Asia.
This study originates from a question regarding what shapes brand strength in the minds of customers, particularly in the context of mortgage products (KPR) offered by bank. Customer experience, product features, and digital information are considered key interrelated factors. The study involved 100 mortgage customers of bank and employed a quantitative approach using Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM). The results indicate that customer experience and product features have a strong influence on customer-based brand equity (CBBE), while digital information did not show a significant direct effect. Product features such as competitive interest rates and an easy application process were found to play a dominant role in shaping brand perception. Furthermore, customer experience influences CBBE indirectly through perceptions of product features. These findings emphasize that brand building is not solely about promotion, but also about delivering real customer experiences, offering clear product value, and implementing effective digital communication strategies.
This study aims to examine the influence of job analysis and work experience on employee performance, with job satisfaction as a mediating variable and organizational commitment as a moderating variable. A quantitative approach was used with the Structural Equation Modeling-Partial Least Squares (SEM-PLS) method, involving 170 employees from four Community Health Centers (Puskesmas) in Semampir District, Surabaya. Data were collected through a validated questionnaire and analyzed using SmartPLS 3.0. The results showed that job analysis and work experience did not directly affect performance, but significantly influenced job satisfaction. Job satisfaction significantly influenced performance and fully mediated the influence of job analysis and work experience on performance. In addition, organizational commitment significantly moderated the relationship between job satisfaction and performance. These findings confirm the central role of job satisfaction and the importance of organizational commitment in improving employee performance in primary healthcare.
This study investigates how green transformational leadership fosters creative process engagement to drive green product and process innovations, ultimately enhancing firm innovative performance and SME business growth within South Africa’s manufacturing sector. A quantitative survey was administered to 304 manufacturing SME managers in the Gauteng province, South Africa. Employing Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modelling (PLS-SEM), the study tested hypothesised relationships among green transformational leadership, creative process engagement, green innovation (both product and process), firm innovative performance, and SME business growth, while also examining the moderating effect of top management support. Empirical results reveal that green transformational leadership significantly promotes engagement in the creative process, which drives green product and process innovations. These innovations contribute to improved firm innovative performance, positively influencing SME business growth. Moreover, top management support strengthens the relationship between innovative performance and business growth, underscoring its critical role in facilitating sustainable competitive advantage. By integrating Schumpeter’s innovation theory with the natural resource-based view, this research offers novel insights into the interplay between green leadership, creativity, and sustainable business outcomes in an emerging economy context. It fills a notable gap in the literature by focusing on South African small and medium-sized manufacturing enterprises (SMEs). It provides actionable recommendations for leaders and policymakers seeking to integrate sustainability into their strategic growth initiatives.
This study examines the influence of earnings management on stock price crash risk within publicly listed companies in Indonesia. Additionally, it explores the moderating role of family ownership in this relationship, assessing whether it strengthens or weakens the connection between earnings management and stock price crash risk. The research employs an unbalanced panel data regression framework, utilizing dynamic panel data estimation through the system-GMM approach. Empirical findings indicate that accrual-based earnings management significantly increases the likelihood of stock price collapse, whereas real earnings management exerts only a marginal positive effect on crash risk. Furthermore, results suggest that family ownership amplifies the impact of earnings management on stock price crash risk, implying that firms with family ownership engage in more aggressive earnings manipulation practices, which in turn heighten the probability of future stock price crashes.
This study aims to develop a theoretical model to provide insights about the association between innovation practices and the SMEs’ performance and survival while underlining the auxiliary role of external support in such a relationship. Global epidemic crises, such as the coronavirus usually expose small and medium enterprises (SMEs) to various kinds of challenges and may put their at risk. Online questionnaire has been used to collect the data from 125 randomly selected SMEs managers Jakarta Polytechnic Alumni. The data was analyzed using the SmartPLS3 software. The structural equation modeling results showed that the innovation practices adopted by SMEs to face the repercussions of environmental changes had a positive impact on the performance and likelihood of business survival. PLS-SEM bootstrap results indicated that external support aids strengthen the positive impact of SMEs innovation practices on business survival rather than its performance. The theoretical implication of this study is that business performance and survival are a strong package to face various situations and conditions. The study has several significant practical implications for SMEs managers, governments, and policy makers that have been stated.
The growth of digital payments in India has been tremendous, driven by advancements in technology and supportive policy measures. This investigation explores the usage of digital payment systems through the lens of the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM), emphasising Perceived Usefulness (PU) and Perceived Ease of Use (PEU) as key predictors of Behavioural Intention (BI). A survey of 550 respondents reveals that both PU and PEU significantly influence BI, underscoring the significance of perceived utility and simplicity in driving adoption. Furthermore, BI strongly correlates with the Actual Usage of digital payment systems, validating its applicability to real-world behaviour. The study finds no discernible difference in satisfaction levels between male and female consumers. Younger and middle-aged individuals report higher satisfaction than older users, with age as a critical influence. Users’ most significant concern is a perceived lack of security. These findings provide insights to improve digital payment acceptance.
The research aims to examine the influence of the Covid-19 pandemic on the financial performance of insurance companies in South Africa. The research sample comprises 37 insurance companies that are duly registered with the Financial Sector Conduct Authority (FSCA). The research used a descriptive analytical technique, focusing on quantitative and numerical data from annual financial reports published by insurance companies. The data was used to assess financial performance indicators over a time period of six consecutive years (2017–2022). The study indicated that Covid-19 had diverse impact on the financial performance of insurance companies. The financial performance was assessed using the metrics of return on assets (ROA) and return on equity (ROE). The study demonstrates a positive and statistically significant correlation between COVID-19 and ROA, shown by a coefficient of 2.642 and a p-value of 0.000. This conclusion indicates that, despite the obstacles posed by the pandemic, several insurance companies adeptly managed their assets to maintain profitability, possibly by using operational efficiency or capitalizing on market dynamics altered by the pandemic. Conversely, the findings demonstrate a negative correlation between COVID-19 and ROE (-0.15, p-value 0.008), underscoring the strain on equity returns, potentially attributable to elevated claim payments, diminished investment income, or intensified regulatory and stakeholder pressures during the crisis.
