Ardakani, M.R., M. Razavi and F. Zafarian. 2007. Experimental Methods in Plant Ecology. University of Tehran Press. (In Persian). Björkman, T., C. Lowry, J.W. Shail, D.C. Brainard, D.S. Anderson and J.B. Masiunas. 2015. Mustard cover crops for biomass production and weed suppression in the Great Lakes region. Agron. J. 107(4): 12351249. Buchanan, A.L., L.N. Kolb and C.R. Hooks. 2016. Can winter cover crops influence weed density and diversity in a reduced tillage vegetable system? Crop Prot. 90: 9-16. Compigla, E., R. Mancinlli, E. Radicetli and F. Caparali. 2010. Effect of cover crops and mulches on weed control and nitrogen fertilization. Crops Protec. 29: 354-363. Doane, T.A., W.R. Horwath, J.P. Mitchell, J. Jackson, G. Miyao and K. Brittan. 2009. Nitrogen supply from fertilizer and legume cover crop in the transition to no-tillage for irrigated row crops. Nutr. Cycling Agroecosys. 85: 253-262. Esfandiary Ekhlas, E., M. Nael and J. Hamzei. 2018. The effect of integrated management of conservation tillage and Lathyrus sativus cover cropping on Cucurbita pepo yield and selected soil quality indicators. Iran. J. Field Crops Res. 16(2): 421-434. (In Persian with English abstract). Gallandt, E., R. Molloy, R.P. Lynch and F.A. Drummond. 2005. Effect of cover cropping system on invertebrate’s seed predation. Weed Sci. 53:69-76. Ghaffari, M., G. Ahmadvand, M.R. Ardakani, I. Nadali and F. Elahipanah. 2011. The effect of winter cover D ow nl oa de d fr om a gr ob re ed jo ur na l.i r at 1 :2 8 + 04 30 o n F rid ay M ay 2 8t h 20 21 [ D O I: 10 .5 25 47 /a bj .2 2. 4. 32 1 ] " هیر ن پاریا یعارز مولع " ، ی دلج هرامی ،مود و تس 4 پا سمز ، ۱399 332 crops of rye, barley and canola in the two density on the biomass, density and diversity of natural populations of weeds winter. J. Crop Ecophysiol. 3: 1-8. (In Persian with English abstract). Ghahremani S., A. Ebadi, A. Tobeh, M. Hashemi, M. Sedghi, and A. Gholipouri. 2020. The effect of cover crops on yield and weeds control of potato (Solanum tuberosum L.). J. Crop Ecophysiol. 14(1): 119-134. (In Persian with English abstract). Ghorbani, R., S. Khorramdel, G.A. Asadi and R. African. 2017. Effect of non-chemical weed management strategies on population and diversity index for weeds in spinach. J. Agroecol. 9(3): 638-651. (In Persian with English abstract). Hamzei, J. and A. Borbor. 2014. Effect of different soil tillage methods and cover crops on yield and yield components of corn and some soil characteristics. J. Agric. Knowledge Sustain. Prod. 24 (3): 35-47. (In Persian with English abstract). Hasanpoor-Asil, M., M. Dehestani-Ardakani and M. Rabiee. 2013. The effect of seed density and plant distance on the yield and growth components of Radish (Rhaphanus Sativus cv. Longipinatus) as second crop in paddy field. J. Hort. Sci. 27(2): 95-101. (In Persian with English abstract). Hiltbrunner, J., M. Liedgens, L. Bloch, P. Stamp and B. Streit. 2007. Legume cover crops as living mulches for winter wheat: components of biomass and the control of weeds. Europ. J. Agron. 26: 21–29. Judice, W.E., J.I. Griffin, L.M. Etheredge and C.A. Jones. 2007. Effects of crop residue management and tillage on weed control and sugarcane production. Weed Technol. 21: 606-611. Kakaeian, A.M., G. Mohammadi, M.E. Ghobadi and A. Najaphy. 2015. Effects of rye and common vetch cover crops as pure and mixed on soil physicochemical characteristics. Agric. Sci. Sustain. Prod. 25(2): 47-64. Keesstra, S., P. Pereira, A. Novara, E.C. Brevik, C. Azorin-Molina, L. Parras-Alcántara, A. Jordán and A. Cerdà. 2016. Effects of soil management techniques on soil water erosion in apricot orchards. Sci. Total Environ. 551: 357–366. Klute, A.1986. Water Retention: Laboratory Methods. Methods of Soil Analysis: Part 1. Physical and Mineralogical Methods (Methods of Soil Analysis). American Society of Agronomy, Agronomy Monographs 9(1), Madison, Wisconsin. 635–662. Kopta, T. and R. Pokluda. 2013. Yields, quality and nutritional parameters of Radish (Raphanus sativus) cultivars when grown organically in the Czech Republic. Hortic. Sci. 40(1): 16-21. Majidi, M.R., B. Mirshekari, B. Samedani, H. Hajnajari and F. Farahvash. 2018. Effect of four cover crop species on weed control and population changes in Karaj region. Iran. J. Weed Sci. 14(1): 11-22. (In Persian with English abstract). Moebius-Clune, B.N., D.J. Moebius-Clune, B.K. Gugino, O.J. Idowu, R.R. Schindelbeck, A.J. Ristow, H. VanEs, J.E. MThies, H.A. Shayler, M.B. McBride, K.S.M. Kurtz, D.W. Wolfe and G.S. Abawi. 2016. Comprehensive Assessment of Soil Health. The Cornell Framework (Ed.3.2). Cornell University, Geneva, D ow nl oa de d fr om a gr ob re ed jo ur na l.i r at 1 :2 8 + 04 30 o n F rid ay M ay 2 8t h 20 21 [ D O I: 10 .5 25 47 /a bj .2 2. 4. 32 1 ] " ر ی یوش پااایگ رثا یگژیو یییییف یاا ... ، ینامرهق پارایما و ، ۱399 ، 334 3۲۱ " 333 NY. http://www.css.cornell.edu/extensi on/soil-health/manual.pdf Nonecke, I.L. 1989. Vegetable Production. Van Nostrand Reinhold. New York, USA. Olorunmiye, P.M., K. Egberongbe, R.P.O. Adeoye, O.O. Alamu and S.T. Taiwo. 2011. Weed species composition of citrus-based cropping system at National Horticultural Research Institute Ibadan, Nigria. Agric. Biol. J. North Am. 2(3): 529-537. Parmodh, S., S. Atinderpal, S.K. Charanjit, S.B. Amandeep, K.G. Kulbhushan, D. Mahendra and L.S. Robert. 2018. The role of cover crops towards sustainable soil health and agriculture. A review paper. Am. J. Plant Sci. 9: 1935-1951. Peyvast, Gh. 2005. Vegetable Production. University of Guilan. (Third Ed.). (In Persian). Ramroudi, M., M. Hosseini, H. Hosseinzadeh, D. Mazaheri and M.B. Hosseini. 2011. Evaluating the effects cover crops, tillage systems and nitrogen rates on soil properties and sorghum forage yields. Agron. J. (Pajouhesh & Sazandegi). 92:18-23. (In Persian with English abstract). Samedani, B. and M. Montazeri. 2009. The Use of Cover Crop in Sustainable Agriculture. Iranian Research Institute of Plant Protection. Tehran, Iran. (In Persian). Teasdale, J.R. and S.B. Mirsky. 2015. Tillage and planting date effects on weed dormancy, emergence, and early growth in organic corn. Weed. Sci. 63: 477–490. Truman, C.C., D.W. Reeves, J.N. Shaw, A.C. Motta, C.H. Burmester, R.L. Raper and E.B. Schwab. 2003. Tillage impacts on soil property, runoff, and soil loss variations from a Rhodic Paleudult under simulated rainfall. J. Soil Water Conserv. 58(5): 258-267. Uchino, H., K. Iwama, Y. Jitsuyama, Y. Yudate and S. Nakamura. 2009. Yield losses of soybean and maize by competition with interceded cover crops and weeds in organic-based cropping systems. Field Crops Res. 113(3): 342-351. Yilmaz, S., A. Ozel, M. Atak and M. Erayman. 2014. Effects of seeding rates on competition indices of barley and vetch intercropping systems in the Eastern Mediterranean. Turk. J. Agric. Forest. 39: 135-143. D ow nl oa de d fr om a gr ob re ed jo ur na l.i r at 1 :2 8 + 04 30 o n F rid ay M ay 2 8t h 20 21 [ D O I: 10 .5 25 47 /a bj .2 2. 4. 32 1 ] " هیر ن پاریا یعارز مولع " ، ی دلج هرامی ،مود و تس 4 پا سمز ، ۱399 334 Effect of cover crops on soil physical properties, weed control and yield of white radish (Rhaphanus sativus L.) cv. Longipinatus Ghahremani, S., A. Ebadi, F. Ahmadnia and M. Gudarzi ABSTRACT Ghahremani, S., A. Ebadi, F. Ahmadnia and M. Gudarzi. 2021. Effect of cover crops on soil physical properties, weed control and yield of white radish (Rhaphanus sativus L.) cv. Longipinatus. Iranian Journal of Crop Sciences. 22(3): 321-334. (In Persian).Ghahremani, S., A. Ebadi, F. Ahmadnia and M. Gudarzi. 2021. Effect of cover crops on soil physical properties, weed control and yield of white radish (Rhaphanus sativus L.) cv. Longipinatus. Iranian Journal of Crop Sciences. 22(3): 321-334. (In Persian). To investigate the effect of cover crops on soil physical properties, weed control and yield of white radish, a filed experiment was carried out using randomized complete block design with three replications in 2017 and 2018 in the research field of Mohaghegh Ardabili University, Ardabil, Iran. Experimental treatments included: cultivation of barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) and hairy vetch (Vicia villosa L.) cover crops as monoculture and dual mixed crop 50:50 ratio and without cover crops (control). The results showed that the highest biomass (5172 kg.ha) of cover crops over two years from mixed barley + vetch and the lowest (3396 kg.ha) obtained from monoculture of hairy vetch. The barley monoculture reduced dry weight of common lambsquarters (59.1%), wild mustard (54.7%), Anchusa italica (73.1%) and reduced the total weeds (64.9%) as compared to the control. The soil bulk density, soil porosity percentage and time required for water infiltration were 1.32 g.cm, 50.21%, 7.21 second, respectively, and improved by monoculture of hairy vetch. The highest white radish yield (46100 kg.ha) obtained from monoculture of barley cover crop treatment which increased by 25.97% as compared to control. Based on the results of this experiment, monoculture of barley as cover crop could effectively control weeds and increase white radish yield. However, monoculture of hairy vetch was more effective in improving soil physical properties as compared to other treatments.
Assessment of genetic variability, heritability and association of plant attributes with lint yield and fiber quality in advanced lines of cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.)
Identification of genomic loci controlling phenologic and morphologic traits in barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) genotypes using association analysis
Effect of tillage system, planting method and nitrogen fertilizer rate on agronomic charachteristics and seed yield of oilseed rape (Brassica napus L.) cv. Dalgan in Guilan, Iran
Assessment of combining ability and comparison of selected selfed and open pollinated generations clones of alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) ecotypes
Bagheri, M., Z. Anafjeh, M. Taherian, A. Emami, A. R. Molaie and S. Keshavarz. 2021. Assessment of adaptability and seed yield stability of selected quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.) genotypes in spring cropping systems in cold and temperate regions of Iran. Iranian Journal of Crop Sciences. 22(4): 376-387. (In Persian). To study the adaptability and seed yield stability, in this experiment, ten quinoa genotypes including; Red Carina, Titicaca, Giza1, Q12, Q18, Q21, Q22, Q26, Q29, Q29 and Q31 were evaluated using randomized complete block design with three replications in 2017 and 2018 in four locations; Karaj, Shahr-e-Kord, Kashmar and Urmia for their adaptability and grain yield stability. The results showed that quinoa genotypes had significant differences for most of the studied traits. However, genotype × location × year interaction effects on plant height, inflorescence length and days to flowering was not significant. Q26 genotype had the highest grain yield (2007 kg.ha) in Shahr-e-Kord. The lowest yield (338.33 kg.ha) was related to Q21 genotype in Karaj. The results of AMMI stability analysis showed that Q29 genotype had the highedt grain yiled stability with the shortest distance from the center of the graph. Cv. Giza1, cv. Red Carina, Q31 and Q26 genotypes also ranked next in terms of grain yield stability. Also, Q12, Red Carina and Q22 genotypes had specific adaptation in Karaj and Kashmar, and Giza1 and Q18 genotypes showed high specific adaptation in Urmia. In general, the results of this experiment showed that all quinoa genotypes were compatible with spring cultivation in experimental sites.
Assessment of genotype × environment interaction and grain yield stability of selected aerobic rice (Oryza sativa L.) genotypes in northern region of Iran
Rahimsoroush, H., F. Nazarian Firouzabadi, M, Hosseini Chaleshtari, A. Esmaeili and A. A. Ebadi. 2020. Identification of main and epistatic QTLs for grain yield related traits in a recombinant inbred lines population of rice (Oryza sativa L.). Iranian Journal of Crop Sciences. 21(4): 368-385. (In Persian). Rice yield as a complex trait is the main target in most rice breeding programs. To map the main and epistatic QTLs controlling grain yield and yield components, an experiment was carried out using a 129 F6 recombinant inbred lines population (IRA population) originated from a cross between Alikazemi / IR67017-180-2-1-2, in 2015 growing season in two locations, Rasht and Tonekabon, Iran. The experimental design was augmented design arrangment with five check cultivars in randomized complete block design with five replications. Analysis of variance showed that the linkage map consisted of 87 Single Sequence Repeats (SSRs) covering 1356.0 cM of rice genome in 12 linkage groups with an average distance of 15.58 cM spamming two markers. The results of combined analysis of variance for two locations, using composite interval mapping method, identified a total of 13 main QTLs on rice chromosomes for five measured traits. The qTN3 with 13.9% for tiller number per plant, the qFG4 with 11.6% for filled grain per panicle and the qGY6 with 15.6% for grain yield had significant positive additive effect. Furthermore, the qSG1 with 19.9% phenotypivc variation had a negative additive effect on the number of unfilled grain.panicle. These finding suggest that these QTLs can be used in rice breeding programs for improving grain yield. The interaction between additive effect (A) of QTLs and environment (E) was significant on grain yield and number of unfilled grain.panicle, but it was not significan on other traits. A total of 18 QTL pairs with significant additive × additive (AA) epistatic effect were identified for all traits. The highest epistasic effects were related to grain yield and number of unfilled grain.panicle with six pairs of QTLs for each of these traits. Only one of the epistatic effects between qSG1-2 and qSG6 had significant AAE effect with a Raae = of 3.4%. In addition, some QTLs were identified as three gene clusters controlling the grain yield, number of tiller.plant and number of filled grain.panicle. Furthermore, five microsatellite markers including RM7551, RM8218-RM3417 and RM5302RM283 0.2 to 5 cM distance from were identified as linked markers with qGY6, qFG4 and qSG1, respectively. These markers can be considered in the marker-assisted rice breeding program.
Effect of irrigation interval and nitrogen fertilizer rate on grain yield and yield components of rice (Oryza sativa L.) cv. Hashemi
Mofidian, S. M. A., J. Ahmadi and A Moghaddam. 2020. Effect of drought stress on the induction of summer dormancy and dry matter partitioning in alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) ecotypes. Iranian Journal of Crop Sciences. 22(1): 94-107. (In Persian). Study of potential of alfalfa ecotypes in biomass partitioning and harvestable and non-harvestable parts as well as induction of summer dormancy under water scarcity can lead to develop adapted cultivars for sustainable farming system andto meet targets of the breeding program. Therefore, this experiment was conducted with 10 alfalfa ecotypes under four irrigation managements at Seed and Plant Improvement Institute (SPII), Karaj, Iran, during 2016-2018. The irrigation treatments included; full irrigation and irrigation withhold for 20, 40 and 60 daysر Under stress and on stress conditions, Nikshahri and Yazdi ecotypes had the highest regrowth rate, therefore, these two ecotypes as well as KFA6 ecotype with high stem number demonstrated the highest survival rate under induction of summer dormancy. The highest biomass belonged to normal irrigation with 17.31 t.ha while the maximum unharvestable part yield with 7.02 t.hawas measured in irrigation withhold treatment for 40 days. Yazdi and KFA6 ecotypes showed the maximum total biomass (15.71 and 15.76 t.ha respectively) among warm and cold region ecotypes with different fall dormancy scores and can be used as aprentsin alfalfa breeding programs. Regarding to biomass partitioning ratio, KFA17, KFA6 and Yazdi, which are landraces, had greater harvestable part to unharvestable part ratio with 1.63, 1.43 and 1.40, respectively. Therefore, these landraces can be selected for forage production under different irrigation managements. As the leaf to stem ratio has the main role in forage quality, Baghdadi ecotype with leaf: stem ratio of 1.29 had the highest forage quality among studied ecotypes. Baghdadi also maintained its high quality in all irrigation management treatments. In alfalfa breeding programs focused on improvement of forage and unharvestable yield for sustainable production in both optimum and stress environment conditions, Yazdi and KFA6 ecotypes seems to be suitable.
. Singh, R. P., J. Huerta-Espinosa and H. M. William. 2005. Genetics and breeding for durable resistance to leaf and stripe rusts in wheat. Turk. J. Agric. Forest.29: 121-127. Torabi, M., V. Mardokhi, K. Nazari, F. Afshari, A. R. Forootan, M. A. Ramai, H. Golzar and A. S. Kashani. 1995. Effectiveness of wheat yellow rust resistance genes in different part of Iran. Cereal Rusts Powdery Mildew Bull. 23: 9-12. Yazdansepas, A., T. Najafi Mirak, S. Gholkari., M. Rezaie., Sh. Ashouri, M. Nazeri, M. Ghodsi, S. A. Razavi, M. Ezzat Ahmade and M. Chaichi. 2017a. Oroum, a new bread wheat cultivar for irrigated condition in cold regions of Iran. Seed Plant Improv. J. 27(3): 445-448. Yazdansepas, A., M. Khodarahmi, M. Rezaie, M. Nazeri, A. Pedram, M. Chaichi, S. A. Razavi, A. R. Koocheki, T. Najafi Mirak and T. Babaie. 2017b. Zareh, a new bread wheat cultivar for irrigated and postanthesis drought stress conditions in cold regions of Iran. Seed Plant Improv. J. 27(4): 635-638. Yazdansepas, A., A. Akbari, A. G. Sanjari, M. Rezaie, M. Chaichi, T. Babaie, G. Aminzadeh, A. Zareh Fayzabadi, M. Azzatahmadi and S. Ashouri. 2017c. Mihan, a new bread Wheat cultivar for irrigated and post-anthesis drought stress conditions in cold regions of Iran. Seed Plant Improv. J. 27(4): 631-634. D ow nl oa de d fr om a gr ob re ed jo ur na l.i r at 0 :2 3 + 04 30 o n T hu rs da y S ep te m be r 16 th 2 02 1 [ D O I: 10 .2 92 52 /a bj .2 2. 1. 81 ] " ی یو رم درز برز گرامیم رثا یعارز گاه ... ، حم دم م ییاضر ار اد لع ی و ه کم را ، ا 1333 ، 33 11 " 83 Effect of yellow rust disease on agronomic and physiological characteristics of winter and facultative bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cultivars Rezaei Moradali, M., A. R. Eivazi and Sh. Shir-Alizadeh
Effect of deficit irrigation on seed yield and yield components of sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) hybrids
Khalily, M., and M. R. Naghavi. 2020. Effect os salinity stress on physiological characteristics and protein profile of tolerant and sensitive barley (Hordeum vulgare) cultivars at vegetative growth stage. Iranian Journal of Crop Sciences. 22(1): 32-49.
Effect of transplanting and seed hydropriming on grain yield of maize (Zea mays L.) as second crop in temperate region of Kermanshah, Iran
Quantifying field weeds emergence pattern of weeds in rapeseed (Brassica napus L.) under weather conditions of Khuzestan, Iran
Zargarian, N., A. R. Bagheri, I. Nosrati and F. Mondani. 2020. Evaluation of the effect of spatial distribution of weeds on seed yield of lentil (Lens culinaris L.) in rainfed conditions. Iranian Journal of Crop Sciences. 22(2): 140-151. (In Persian). Weeds are one of the most important factors in reducing yield in legumes crops. Therefore, awareness of the interaction between weeds and crops as well as identification of their spatial variation pattern in the field is important. To investigate the the effect of weeds on seed yield of lentil, and also to study the spatial distribution pattern of weeds under rainfed conditions, a field experiment was conducted in research field of agricultural and natural resources campus, Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran, in 2016. Systematic samplings and measuremnts weeds characteristics (density, canopy percentage, height and dry weight) and lentil (canopy percentage and seed yield) were carried out in two stages; pre-flowering and physiological maturity of lentil. The relationships between weeds and lentil were studied using regression and maps of weeds and lentil traits using Kriging interpolation method. The results showed that by increasing the density and canopy percentage of weeds from 0 to 10 (plants.m or percentage), the seed yield of lentil decreased by 6.2 and 6.7 g.m, respectively. Furthermore, increasing weeds dry matter from 0 to 10 g.m led to a decrease in lentil seed yield by 2.4 g.m. The spatial distribution maps also clearly showed the spatial variations of seed yield under the influence of weeds. In conclusion, the results of this study showed that spatial maps of weeds and lentil traits distributionas well as conventional statistical methods are complementary and accurate method for better understanding of the relationships between them.
Evaluation of genotype × environment interaction in durum wheat (Triticum turgidum var. durum L.) regional yield trials
