Objectives: To investigate the associations between sexual-related knowledge, access to school and family sexuality education, and the experience of sexual intercourse, in order to make recommendations on sexuality education for vocational secondary school students in China. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 3180 vocational secondary school students in the Shanghai municipality and the Shaanxi province, China. Data were collected through an online, electronic questionnaire, which included socio-demographics, sexual-related knowledge, sources of information, and sexual-related behaviors. Results: The score on sexual-related knowledge among girls (53.8) is higher than that of boys (48.8), and that of participants from Shanghai (55.2) is higher than their counterparts from Shaanxi (47.6). The proportions of girls (70% and 41.7%, respectively) and participants from Shanghai (65% and 35.7%, respectively) who reported acquiring sexual information from their schools/teachers and parents are higher than that of boys (54.3% and 21.0%, respectively) and their counterparts from Shaanxi (59.7% and 27.4%, respectively). About 6% of participants had experienced sexual intercourse and 10% had watched porn actively. Experience of sexual intercourse was associated with higher sexual-related knowledge scores (OR = 1.01, 95% CI: 1.00–1.02) and active porn watching (OR = 2.63, 95% CI: 1.79–3.84) but was not associated with school and family sexuality education. Conclusions: Vocational secondary school students had poor sexual knowledge and inadequate school and family sexuality education. School and family-based comprehensive sexuality education should be promoted among vocational secondary school students.
Background: Social media (SM) has received considerable attention as a potential risk factor for adolescent suicide. Few empirical studies, however, have examined adolescents’ daily negative and positive experiences on SM and its proximal impacts on suicidal ideation (SI), particularly using intensive monitoring designs. Method: Adolescents (N= 60; 14-17 years; 49% girls; 62% LGBTQ+) recruited using SM across the United States and participated in an 8-week intensive monitoring protocol. Ecological momentary assessment (3 brief surveys per day) asked about negative and positive SM experiences and SI (passive and active). Multilevel modeling was used to evaluate the within-person relationships between daily SM experiences (e.g., individual fluctuations compared to a person’s average) and SI, controlling for average levels of SM experiences, SM use screen time, and lifetime SI. Results: Significant within-person effects of negative and positive SM experiences were associated with days when adolescents had SI. Specifically, on days when teens endorsed more frequent negative SM experiences than usual, they were more likely to report SI. However, more positive SM experiences than usual were associated with a lower likelihood of having SI. There were no significant effects of SM use (“screen time”) on SI or on the reverse associations of SI on next-day SM experiences. Conclusions: Results indicate that SM experiences may be dynamic and modifiable risk and protective factors for SI in adolescents, whereas there is no effect of SM screen time on SI. Our results highlight that targeting negative SM experiences and augmenting the positive experiences on SM may be critical targets to improve teens’ mental health and prevent suicide, rather than focusing on limiting SM screen time.
Objective: To analyze the relationship between the new simplified insulin resistance index and bone mineral content (BMC) in adolescents and its evaluation effect on low bone mass, so as to provide scientific basis for early identification and prevention of skeletal-related diseases in adolescents. Design and method: A total of 1594 adolescents aged 12-18 years in Yinchuan were selected by stratified cluster sampling. Binary Logistic regression was used to analyze the relationship between insulin resistance index and low bone mass, and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was constructed to analyze its evaluation effect on low bone mass. Results: After adjusting for confounding factors, the new simplified insulin resistance index was positively correlated with BMC level (TyG: r = 0.113, TyG-BMI: r = 0.576, TG / HDL-C: r = 0.205) (all P < 0.001). After further adjustment of obesity index, the relationship between IR index and BMC turned into negative correlation. Logistic regression results showed that IR was a protective factor for low bone mass (TyG: OR = 0.74, 95% CI: 0.54∼1.03, TyG-BMI: OR = 0.95, 95% CI: 0.94∼0.95, TG / HDL-C: OR = 0.40, 95% CI: 0.26∼0.62) (all P < 0.05). After adjusting the obesity index, the above results were completely reversed. IR was a risk factor for low bone mass in girls (TyG: OR = 4.95, 95% CI = 1.29∼18.95; TG / HDL-C: OR = 4.38,95% CI = 1.04∼18.50) (all P < 0.05). ROC curve showed that TyG-BMI had the best evaluation effect on low bone mass(AUC=0.80,95%CI: 0.769∼0.825)(P<0.001). Conclusions: TyG-BMI can be used to identify low bone mass, which is of great significance for early prevention of bone-related diseases in adolescents. The relationship between IR and BMC is affected by obesity indicators. It is necessary to understand the complex relationship between IR, fat and bone mass more clearly.
目的 研究青少年不同强度身体活动水平和身体成分指标之间的相关性,为中国青少年身体成分的改善提供指导.方法 采用随机数编码抽样法,于2019年9-12月在北京市清华附中等8所中学抽取971名初、高中学生进行基于生物电阻抗的身体成分测量和基于加速度计的身体活动水平测量.采用独立样本t检验、Pearson相关系数法和多元线性回归法进行统计学分析.结果 初、高中阶段男生静坐行为(SB)均低于女生,高强度身体活动(VPA)和中高强度身体活动(MVPA)均高于女生(t值分别为-1.98,-8.09;5.20,4.52;3.53,4.03,P值均＜0.05);男生低强度身体活动(LPA)、中等强度身体活动(MPA)仅高中阶段高于女生(t值分别为3.67,5.63,P值均＜0.01).初中男生全身LM与MVPA(β=0.302),全身骨矿物质含量(BMC)与 SB(β=-0.001)、MVPA(β=0.002),全身脂肪含量(FM)与 SB(β=0.050)、MVPA(β=-0.323)之间存在相关关系;初中女生全身LM与LPA(β=0.080)、MVPA(β=0.613),全身BMC与SB(β=-0.004)、MVPA(β==0.008),全身FM与MVPA(β=-0.237)之间存在相关关系;高中男生全身LM与MVPA(β=0.393),全身BMC与SB(β=-0.001)、MVPA(β=0.002),全身FM与MVPA(β=-0.393)之间存在相关关系;高中女生全身LM与LPA(β=0.063)、MVPA(β=0.601),全身FM与SB(β=0.029)、MVPA(β=-0.529)之间存在相关关系(P值均＜0.05).结论 青少年身体活动水平和身体成分特征存在性别差异和定量化的相关关系.相关部门应为青少年提供个性化的身体活动剂量指导,改善青少年的身体素质.
Objective To investigate the influencing factors of preschoolers’ hyperopia reserve, and to provide a scientific basis for preschoolers to prevent myopia. Methods Visual screening and a questionnaire survey were conducted on 5 087 4-year-old children in Suzhou High-tech Zone from September to December in 2020. The influencing factors of children’s hyperopia reserve were analyzed by univariate analysis and Logistic regression model. Results A total of 997（19.6%） children had hyperopia reserve deficiency. Logistic regression showed that the negative factors associated with hyperopia reserve included being girl（OR=0.81, 95%CI=0.70-0.93）, no food allergy（OR=0.78, 95%CI=0.63-0.96）; and the positive factors included father myopia（OR=1.20, 95%CI=1.03-1.39）, mother myopia（OR=1.17, 95%CI=1.01-1.36）, exposure of night lights（for less than 1 hour: OR=1.53, 95%CI=1.21-1.92; for 1 to 3 hours: OR=1.48, 95%CI=1.09-2.00）, insufficient vegetable intake（OR=1.26, 95%CI=1.07-1.46）（P＜0.05）. Conclusion Parental myopia, nighttime sleep environment and dietary factors have potential associations with hyperopia reserve deficiency among children. Corresponding measures should be actively taken to improve the preschoolers’ hyperopia reserve.
Objective To investigate the sleep and mental health status of adolescents in Shandong Province,to explore the cor-relation between sleep and mental health,so as to provide a basis for adolescent physical and mental health management.Methods From February to March 2023,a multistage stratified whole cluster sampling method was used to randomly select 3 cities in Shan-dong Province,one urban area and one township in each city,one junior high school and one senior high school in the urban area and the township,respectively,and then 4 classes were randomly selected from each grade level of each school,and all 3 667 students in the classes were surveyed by using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index Scale(PSQI)short form and the Chinese Middle School Students'Mental Health Inventory(MMHI-60).Results The prevalence of sleep deprivation among adolescents in Shan-dong Province was 37.44％,and the detection rate of psychological problems was 46.41％.Adolescent psychology could be divided into four latent categories:psychological immune group(39.6％),psychological low-risk group(12.2％),psychological medium-risk group(13.2％)and psychological high-risk group(35.0％).Multifactorial Logistic regression analyses showed that gender,school year,sleep duration and sleep quality were influencing factors for the psychological latent categories(OR=1.39-9.55,P＜0.05),and that adolescents with sleep deprivation and poor sleep quality were more inclined to be classified as being in the psycho-logical medium-and high-risk groups.Conclusions The sleep and mental health of adolescents in Shandong Province is not very good.Comprehensive prevention and control of psychological problems should not only focus on personality and psychological char-acteristics,but also need to be combined with the sleep condition of adolescents.
Objective To develop a simplified Rating Questionnaire of Social Ecological Risks in Adolescents and to evaluate the reliability and predictive validity of the brief questionnaire,so as to provide data and evidence support for building the evalua-tion system of cumulative social-ecological risk exposure.Methods A large cross-sectional was conducted in eight areas,including Shenzhen,Zhengzhou,Xuzhou,Nanchang,Shenyang,Taiyuan,Kunming and Chongqing,from October to December 2021.A to-tal of 22 868 adolescents were included in the analysis.Data on healthy behaviors from 10 838 adolescents from Shenyang,Taiyuan,Kunming,Chongqing were used for item selection,based on factor analysis,validity and reliability evaluation.The data from Shenzhen,Zhengzhou,Xuzhou,Nanchang,including 12 030 adolescents,were used to define the partition values of the brief questionnaire,and evaluate the predictive validity.Results The brief questionnaire containing 25-item were developed by analy-zing and choosing all items of original questionnaire,and covered seven dimensions including individual,family,school,communi-ty,policy,time and culture.The cumulative contribution rate of variance was 54.95％,the Cronbach coefficient was 0.79,and the split-half coefficient was 0.70.Participants in the higher risk group had significantly higher risk of smoking(OR=4.05,95％CI=2.78-5.92),drinking(OR=3.47,95％CI=2.86-4.19),suicidal ideation(OR=8.85,95％CI=7.68-10.21),suicidal plans(OR=8.85,95％CI=7.27-10.78),suicidal attempt(OR=8.86,95％CI=6.67-11.78)than individual in the lower risk group(P＜0.05).After stratified by gender,the above positive correlations still remained significant(P＜0.05).Conclusion The brief questionnaire,with good reliability and predictive validity,could be widely applicated in the further researches on social ecological risk factors.
Objective To investigate the association of the risk of overweight/obesity in children and adolescents with their early life factors and parental weight.Methods From June 1 to June 30 of 2022,the stratified randomized cluster sampling method was used to collect information using questionnaires from 5 370 primary and secondary school students in Hohhot City,Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region,and multivariate analysis were performed using multiple Logistic regression model estimation in a generalized linear model for parental BMI and early life factors in children and adolescents.Results The prevalence of overweight/obesity was 32.2％,and the prevalence of overweight/obesity among male students was 37.8％,which was higher than that of female students 26.1％(x2=84.59,P＜0.01).The results of the multirariate Logistic regression anaysis showed that the prevalence of overweight/o-besity was higher in only paternal overweight(OR=1.52,95％CI=1.30-1.77),only maternal overweight(OR=1.61,95％CI=1.31-1.97),and parentl overweight(OR=2.42,95％CI=2.03-2.87)(P＜0.05).The risk of overweight/obesity was higher in chil-dren with high birth weight(OR=1.29,95％CI=1.08-1.55),children born by caesarean section(OR=1.32,95％CI=1.17-1.48),and children whose mothers gained excessive weight during pregnancy(OR=1.24,95％CI=1.06-1.46),and the results were statistically significant(P＜0.05).Conclusions Overweight parents,excessive maternal weight gain during pregnancy,cesar-ean delivery,and high birth weight are associated with increased risk of overweight/obesity in children and adolescents.Attention should be paid to these aspects in obesity prevention and control.
课题背景 心理健康教育是高校教育的重要组成部分,对学生成长具有重要价值.高校心理健康教育应该向学生传达有关心理健康的基本知识,提升学生情绪管理能力,让其更好地应对压力,科学处理人际关系.高校体育教学与心理健康教育有着紧密的关联,体育教学可以通过运动锻炼促进学生身体健康,提高身体素质.心理健康教育则主要关注高校学生的心理健康状况,帮助学生正确看待自己的负面情绪,使其具备较强的心理适应力.将两者融合,可以通过体育锻炼帮助学生释放压力,提升情绪状态,同时在体育教学中融入心理健康知识,使学生了解心理健康的重要性,掌握调节情绪的方法.
课题背景 世界卫生组织将针对儿童的暴力行为(violence against children,VAC)归纳为6种主要类型:虐待(包括体罚)、欺凌(包括网络欺凌)、家庭暴力(或亲密伴侣暴力)、青少年暴力、性暴力、情感或心理暴力.VAC是一种普遍存在的行为,全球范围内,有多达10亿名2～17岁的儿童在过去1年中遭受过身体、性或情感上的暴力或忽视.儿童时期遭受暴力可影响终生的健康与幸福,会产生持久的社会影响和严重的经济后果.
Objective To explore the relationships among social adaptation,physical exercise,and mental health of adoles-cents,so as to provide theoretical basis for social adaptation and mental health improvement.Methods Longitudinal follow-up sur-vey data were collected from 1 163 adolescents in Jinan City,Shandong Province in September 2021(T1),January 2022(T2),and June 2022(T3)by cluster random sampling method.The relationship between social adaptability,physical exercise,and men-tal health of adolescents was analyzed through cross lagged analysis.Results There were significant sex differences in physical ex-ercise and mental health among adolescents on T1,T2,and T3(Z=-3.83,-3.43,-4.59;-12.45,-8.93,-8.72,P＜0.01),with male students had more physical exercise[35(28,42),36(33,42),38(35,43)]and better mental health[12(12,17),17(17,21),14(14,26)]levels than female students[33(27,40),35(31,40),36(33,41);9(9,12),12(12,23),12(12,23)].No similar sex difference in social adaptability(T1,T2,T3)[male:22(14,24),22(14,24),22(16,24);female:21(11,23),20(14,24),22(17,24)](Z=-0.79,-1.19,-1.34,P＞0.05).Temporal and synchronous correlations were found in social adapt-ability,physical exercise and mental health(r=0.18-0.67,0.12-0.68,P＜0.01).Teenager physical exercise and mental health could predict social adaptability across time(βT1-T2=0.25,0.13;βT2-T3=0.25,0.06,P＜0.05),with a mediating effect on the im-pact path of physical exercise on social adaptability in psychological health(β=0.14,P＜0.05).Conclusions There is a causal relationship between physical exercise,mental health,and social adaptability among adolescents.Encouraging adolescents to active-ly participate in physical exercise and promoting mental health can effectively enhance their social adaptability.
Objective To investigate the experience,attitude and practice of sexuality education for teachers,so as to provide evidence for promoting sexuality education training for teachers and teaching ability improvement.Methods From September to October 2021,2 146 valid data of kindergarten and primary and secondary school teachers across the country were collected.Asso-ciateds factors of teachers'sexuality education behavior were explored by Logistic regression analysis.Results Family and school-based sexuality education experiences were insufficient among teachers(22.51％,46.55％),and the proportions of female teachers who had received sexuality education(20.44％,41.67％)were significantly higher than that of male teachers(2.05％,4.90％).Currently,47.53％of the kindergartens and primary and secondary schools from participating teachers didn't carry out sex educa-tion,which mainly focused in the field of reproductive health and physical development.Kindergartens and primary and secondary schools often integrated sex education into other disciplines(64.48％,47.83％).Teachers'acceptance of family and school-based sexuality education,students'willingness to communicate on sexual topics with teachers,teachers'confidence in answering sexual questions were positively correlated with teachers'teaching activities of sexuality education(OR=1.59,1.37,1.67,1.67,P＜0.01).Conclusions Teachers'teaching ability of sexuality education is insufficient,and school-based sexuality education couldn't meet students-developmental needs.Providing sexuality education training to teachers and enhancing their confidence in answering sexual questions are helpful to facilitate sexuality education teaching activities.
课题背景 推动青少年心理健康教育创新发展,做到育心与育德有机统一,是新时代教育工作的必然要求.党的二十大报告明确强调"用社会主义核心价值观铸魂育人,完善思想政治工作体系,推进大、中、小学思想政治教育一体化建设",并对新时代师生心理健康教育作出了新的部署.对于广大青少年来说,如何借助优秀传统文化资源,在创新心理健康教育方式方法的同时,帮助他们厚植家国情怀、塑造正确价值认知,成为新时代教育工作者亟需解决的重要课题.诗歌作为中华传统文化的优秀代表,蕴含着丰富的精神意蕴与价值内涵,在诗歌鉴赏课堂中融入心理健康教育,对于青少年健康心理的养成以及家国情怀与正确价值认知的塑造,都有着重要的现实意义.
Children in childcare institutions are involved with a high degree of contact,poor personal hygiene habits,low resist-ance,high incidence of disease,infections diseases are easily spread without proper public health management.Compared with child care centers,the construction of national standards,industry standards and management systems for primary and secondary school health is relatively complete,while the applicability of the current hygiene standards and management systems for childcare centers is worth exploring.By reviewing the previous literature,the study sorted out the current status of hygiene standards and hy-giene management system in childcare institutions,and assesse their applicability in childcare institutions,so as to provide refer-ences for the establishment of hygiene standards and hygiene management system in childcare institutions.
Objective To understand the status of childcare center disinfection around the COVID-19 pandemic,the needs of professional technical support,so as to give advice for improvement measures.Methods Using multi-stage stratified sampling method,one was selected from each area of northern and southern Anhui Province,with 3 counties/districts selected from each city.A total of 54,58,60 childcare institutions were selected.A questionnaire survey,as well as on-site visits and data check were ad-ministered in these childcare centers in Anhui Province were implemented.Information regarding the three-stage disinfection work from 2019 to 2022 and technical support needs were collected.Results A total of 54,58,60 childcare centers were investigated in 2019,2020 and 2021-2022.Most of the childcare centers recorded disinfection work(96.3％,96.6％,98.3％),while few of them(26.4％,26.3％,58.3％)monitored disinfection factor intensity.The implementing rate of disinfection effect evaluation was 68.3％at the stage of normal prevention and control,the highest demand rate for professional technical support was guidance and training(95.0％),and the highest demand rate for training content was disinfectant preparation method(81.7％).There were sig-nificant differences in the rate of disinfection tableware room allocation(A:93.3％,B:70.0％),and the rate of disinfection effect evaluation among different cities(A:53.3％,B:83.3％)(x2=6.24,5.46,P＜0.05).Conclusions From 2019 to 2022,childcare center disinfection has significantly improved,however,disinfection factor intensity monitoring and disinfection effect evaluation are neglected during the stage of normal prevention and control.The demand for professional technical institutions to provide disinfectant preparation method guidance and training is high.It is suggested to strengthen the monitoring and evaluation of disinfection and relat-ed technical guidance.
Objective To analyze the effectiveness of body image education curriculum on grade 4-6 students of early adoles-cence in primary schools,so as to provide teaching pructice research eridence for promoting positive body image during adolescence.Methods A primary school in Chengdu was selected as an experimental school,who offered 6 projects,each project 1 class hour,each chass hour 40 minutes,an average of 1.5 weeks body image education curriculum(body changes during adolescent,values,physical appearance,gender diverity expression and aesthetic diversity).The other school had the same school district conditions,school size and nature,teachers and teaching environment,and had no body image education courses.A pre-test and post-test sur-vey was conducted in April and May 2023 on students in grades 4 to 6 in both schools through the Body Image State Scale adopting cluster sampling.Results The pre-test scores of body image in experimental school and control school were(34.99±8.72)and(35.74±8.57)respectively,with no significantly statistical difference(t=-1.29,P＞0.05).The post-test scores of body image in experimental school and control school were(37.09±10.40)and(35.70±8.78)respectivily.There was a significant difference in body image between pre-test and post-test scores in experimental school(t=-5.70,P＜0.01),while no significant difference in control school(t=0.13,P＞0.05).There were significant differences in body image between pre-test and post-test scores among students of different BMI groups in experimental and control schools(F=16.01,7.19,9.64,5.30,P＜0.01).Conclusions Body image education curriculum in early adolescence is beneficial for improving students'body satisfaction.To help students develop a positive body image in early adolescence,it is necessary to implement relevant curriculum education in schools as early as possible.
Gut flora undergoes a dynamic colonization and development process at different stages of human life.Sex-specific gut flora development begins during puberty,which is influenced by sex hormone levels.The potential relationship between sex hormone levels,which suggests that there may be a two-way interaction between intestinal flora and sex hormones.In addition,evidence is e-merging for bidirectional effects of the microbiome in human health.Therefore,the review presents the dimorphism of intestinal flo-ra,the characteristics of intestinal flora during puberty and the latest research progress,explores the close relationship between in-testinal flora and precocious puberty and reproductive system diseases,and further explains the influence mechanism and treatment measures of considering gender factors in intestinal microflora,precocious puberty and reproductive system related diseases.
Objective To explore physical health status and influencing factors of preschool children in Tibet,so as to provide a scientific reference and theoretical basis for the healthy development of physical fitness.Methods Data were collected from chil-dren(3-6 years old)of Xizang national physical fitness monitoring,and a total of 1 521 preschool children were recruited who re-ceived questionnaire survey and physical fitness test.Independent sample t-test and one-way ANOVA were used to compare the differences in physical fitness indexes of preschool children in different groups.Chi-square test and binary Logistic regression model were used to analyze the factors affecting physical health of preschool children.Results The total qualified rate of physical fitness was 79.75％,among which the excellent rate was 3.16％,the good rate was 15.12％,the qualified rate was 61.47％and the un-qualified was 20.25％.From the perspective of BMI,the excellent physical fitness rate(3.74％)and good physical fitness rate(17.47％)were highest in healthy weight preschool children,and the qualified physical fitness rate of overweight preschool children(69.03％)was higher than that of obese(55.88％)and healthy weight preschool children(60.68％)(x2=53.56,P＜0.01).From the perspective of ethnic,Tibetan children's physique proficiency(3.69％),good rate(17.13％)than with the elevation of the Han nationality(0.74％,5.88％),fraction defective(16.97％),lower than that of Han nationality(35.29％)(x2=53.71,P＜0.01);The results of chest circumference,skinfold thickness,body fat percentage,tennis throw distance,continuous jump of both feet,sitting forward bend and balance beam walking of Tibetan children were higher than those of Han children,and the results of quiet heart rate and standing long jump were lower than those of Han children(t=2.72,10.95,9.66,3.68,3.88,8.04,3.56,8.70,-4.39,-4.40,P＜0.01).Binary Logistic regression analysis showed that Tibetans(OR=2.29),breastfeeding(OR=1.51),body dynamics outdoor daily exercise duration 30-90 min(30-＜60 min:OR=2.03;60-90 min:OR=2.22)were positively correlated with physical health of preschool children(P＜0.05).Conclusions The total physical qualification rate of preschool children aged 3-6 years old in Tibet is lower than the national average.Ethnic group,feeding pattern during infancy,and physical activity are all factors that affected the physical fitness of preschool children in Tibet.It is of great significance to improve the physique of preschool children in Tibet to promote their sustainable and healthy development.
Objective To explore the relationship between isochronous substitution and BMI,waist circumference(WC),and body fat rate(FAT)among physical activity(PA),sedentary(SB),and sleep(SLP),so as to provide effective measures for obe-sity control in adolescents.Methods A total of 193 adolescents aged 12-15(90 males and 103 females)was randomly selected,and their height,weight,and BMI were measured using routine testing methods from May to August 2022.The PA,SB and SLP of the participants were measured using a 3D accelerometer(ActiGraph GT3X+).Results The arithmetic mean value overestimated SLP(40.8％)and SB(39.6％)to some extent,and underestimated LPA(16.1％)and MVPA(3.5％)to some extent.Based on the ISM at 15 min,MVPA was substituted for other activity,BMI-Z decreased by 0.17-0.22 units,WC-Z decreased by 0.16-0.20 units,and FAT-Z decreased by 0.17-0.22 units.The substitution between MVPA and for other activity exhibited significant asym-metry.The efects of MVPA substitutions for SB was the largest,followed by the efects of MVPA substitutions for SIP,and the effects of MVPA substitutions for IPA was the lowest.As MVPA substitutions for other behaviors,it reached its maximum(0.06-0.08 units)when the MVPA time increased by 5 minutes.Conclusions MVPA plays an irreplaceable role in the control of adoles-cent obesity.While reducing SB time,MVPA duration should be increased to ensure that the daily MVPA duration is not less than 55 minutes in order to effectively control obesity.
Objective To investigate the milk-drinking behavior and bone mineral density level of pupils in Hainan Province,and to explore the correlation between bone mineral density and milk-drinking behavior,in order to provide scientific basis for pro-moting the healthy development of bones in children and adolescents.Methods In November 2021,a cross-sectional survey inclu-ding demographic characteristics,milk intake,unhealthy eating behavior,physical activity and sleep was conducted among 696 students from grades 3 to 5 in Sanya and Baisha,Hainan by stratified cluster random sampling,and bone mineral density at the dis-tal 1/3 of the right forearm was measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry.t-test was used to compare the differences in bone mineral density among different milk-drinking behaviors of pupils,and multiple linear regression was used to analyze the correlation between milk consumption and bone mineral density.Results About 25.3％students consumed milk daily and 13.9％consumed ≥300 g of milk daily.The mean bone mineral density at the distal 1/3 of the right forearm was(0.237±0.041)g/cm2.The bone mineral density was greater in the group with daily milk intake than in the group without daily milk intake[(0.250± 0.037)(0.204±0.034)g/cm2,t=15.00,P＜0.01],and the bone mineral density was greater in the group with daily average milk intake ≥300 g than in the group with daily average milk intake＜300 g[(0.284±0.036)(0.229±0.037)g/cm2,t=13.48,P＜0.01].Multiple linear regression analysis showed that daily average milk intake was positively correlated with bone mineral density,with a correlation coefficient(β=0.020,t=21.46,P＜0.01).Conclusion Milk consumption among pupils is inadequate,and milk-drinking behavior has a positive impact on bone mineral density,so effective milk-drinking intervention should be carried out to promote children's bone development.
