This study employs a bibliometric approach to map the intellectual structure, thematic landscape, and geographical distribution of research on financial contagion in emerging markets. It examines 824 peer-reviewed journal articles indexed in Scopus between January 2010 and March 2025, identifying leading countries, influential authors, dominant keywords, methodological patterns, and evolving research trends. The dataset was processed using the Bibliometrix package in R through Biblioshiny, together with VOSviewer for keyword co-occurrence analysis and CiteSpace for burst detection. Positioned within a broader historical frame from 1980 to 2026, annual scientific production shows that the 1997–98 Asian Financial Crisis marked the field’s emergence, the 2007–09 Global Financial Crisis drove its first major expansion, and the COVID-19 pandemic produced its strongest acceleration, with output reaching a record 142 articles in 2024. The findings also reveal a broader geographical base of knowledge production, with growing contributions from China, India, Turkey, Brazil, and South Africa, even as the United States and the United Kingdom remain central. Overall, the study highlights a shift toward network-based, cross-asset, and shock-oriented approaches, while showing that research intensity reflects topical relevance more than national income globally.
This study examines how technology adoption and digital transformation readiness predict faculty work performance among lecturers in public multidisciplinary universities in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam. Grounded in the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM), the study employed a quantitative design using a structured questionnaire administered to university lecturers. A total of 259 valid responses were analyzed with SPSS 29 and SmartPLS 4 using reliability analysis, exploratory factor analysis, multiple regression, and structural equation modeling. Technology adoption significantly improved faculty work performance. Perceived ease of use, continuance intention, organizational support, technology perception, and attitude toward technology showed significant positive effects within the proposed model, and all seven hypotheses were supported. Faculty work performance in digitally transforming universities improves when lecturers are ready to use technology and when institutions create supportive conditions for sustained adoption. University leaders should strengthen digital infrastructure, training provision, and institutional incentives so that lecturers can more effectively integrate digital tools into teaching and research activities.
This documentary review analyzes publications from the last 10 years (2014-2024) on the health effects of pesticides from a gender perspective, focusing specifically on the differential impacts on women in agricultural settings. A systematic mapping study was conducted following the methodology of Petersen, et al. [1]. Databases consulted included Scielo, PubMed, and Redalyc. Search strings combined keywords such as "pesticides, health AND cancer," "occupational health AND agriculture (gender)," and "pesticides AND women" using Boolean operators. From an initial pool of 2,400 documents, a refinement process applying inclusion and exclusion criteria resulted in a final corpus of 300 relevant studies. Of the selected documents, 29% addressed agrochemicals and health or cancer, 57% focused on occupational health and agriculture, and only 14% specifically examined pesticides and women's health. The review identifies multiple adverse health impacts on women, including reproductive disorders, specific cancers (breast, cervical, renal), respiratory diseases, endocrine disruption, and neuropsychological deficits. Women face heightened risks due to dual exposure pathways (direct field labor and indirect domestic contamination) compounded by systemic gender inequalities—limited access to information, inadequate personal protective equipment (PPE), and insufficient training on safe pesticide handling. Women are significantly underrepresented in pesticide health research (14% of selected corpus), despite evidence confirming greater biological susceptibility and distinct social vulnerabilities compared to men. Gender-sensitive occupational health policies are urgently required. These must include mandatory provision of appropriately fitted PPE for women, targeted educational programs on safe agrochemical handling, improved rural healthcare infrastructure, and the systematic inclusion of sex-disaggregated data in future epidemiological research.
This study explores how financial figures—specifically revenue and net income—are reported by 164 companies listed on the Amman Stock Exchange in Jordan. By applying Benford’s Law, the research analyzes the distribution of the first and second digits in these figures over a ten-year period (2010–2023) to identify any irregularities or rounding behavior. The companies were grouped based on whether they reported positive or negative net income. The analysis of the first digit reveals that revenue figures across Jordanian companies tend to deviate from expected patterns, regardless of whether the firms were profitable or not. Among firms with positive net income, there are minor signs of potential manipulation, while those with losses do not exhibit such behavior. On the other hand, the second digit analysis shows no statistically significant evidence of rounding in either revenue or net income data. These findings highlight the need for stronger oversight and preventive measures to reduce the risk of earnings management in Jordan’s financial reporting practices.
Fintech has become one of the most dynamic and rapidly expanding domains in financial innovation, profoundly transforming the way financial products and services are designed, delivered, and consumed. To evaluate the level of fintech development across countries, regions, and markets, it is essential to construct a comprehensive and data-driven metric - a Fintech Index - that enables comparative assessment and evidence-based policy formulation. This study provides a systematic literature review of research that has contributed to the conceptualization and construction of fintech index. By applying a text mining approach to Scopus database on fintech-related publications, we employ automated techniques to extract, classify, and synthesize key themes, methodological approaches, and index dimensions. The review framework integrates several stages of data mining—data collection, cleaning, and transformation—combined with natural language processing (NLP) and topic modeling (LDA) to identify dominant research clusters and emerging topics in the fintech index literature. Our findings reveal that most existing studies focus on three core dimensions: fintech development indicators, adoption indicators and financial inclusion indicators. Existing studies show that Fintech contributes to industry growth, innovation, green finance, sustainability, and entrepreneurial development by reducing financial constraints and improving resource mobilization. Fintech adoption is mainly driven by perceived usefulness, trust, institutional support, social influence, and facilitating conditions. Meanwhile, Fintech inclusion expands access to digital financial services, supports poverty reduction, and promotes inclusive economic growth. This paper contributes both a methodological framework for text-mining–based literature reviews and a conceptual synthesis that advances understanding of how fintech indices are defined, structured, and operationalized in global research.
Cow’s milk protein allergy (CMPA) is one of the most common food allergies in infants, leading to digestive, skin, and respiratory symptoms. At the same time, infant malnutrition remains a major public health concern, especially in developing countries. This preclinical study aims to develop and evaluate a hypoallergenic soup designed for infants with CMPA, while also addressing essential nutritional needs to help prevent malnutrition. The experiment was conducted on laboratory rats subjected to induced malnutrition. The soup was formulated using ingredients selected for their high nutritional value and low allergenic potential, and was administered following a defined protocol. Key parameters assessed included weight gain, overall clinical condition, and specific biological markers. The results showed significant improvement in the nutritional status of the treated rats, with no observable allergic reactions. The soup contributed to growth recovery, improved biological indicators, and was well tolerated from a digestive perspective. These findings suggest that the developed soup could serve as a promising nutritional alternative for infants with CMPA, while also contributing to the prevention of infant malnutrition.
This research investigates the advanced experimental methodologies developed by Arabic chemists (8th-14th Calendar centuries) for the synthesis and imitation of gemstones, with a primary focus on the corpora of Jābir ibn Ḥayyān [1]. Diverging from traditional historiography that often relegates these works to the realm of allegorical alchemy, this study provides evidence of early "materials engineering" based on a sophisticated understanding of the optical and mechanical properties of inorganic substances. By analyzing historical recipes through the lens of modern solid-state chemistry, the paper reveals Arabic pioneering in four technical domains: First, refractive index tuning is done through the strategic incorporation of lead oxides into silicate glass matrices in order to enhance optical dispersion. Second, the management of redox potentials to precisely control the chromatic spectra of transition metal ions such as copper, iron, and manganese. Third, crystal growth via chemical vapor transport is evidenced by protocols involving the sublimation and condensation of arsenic sulfides to produce high-purity crystalline solids. Finally, colloidal and substrate engineering is utilized in order to plaster calcium-based carriers and organic binders to stabilize organometallic pigments. The findings demonstrate that these protocols functioned as "Standard Operating Procedures" (SOPs) aimed at engineering synthetic alternatives that replicate the specific gravity, hardness, and refractive indices of natural rubies, emeralds, and lapis lazuli. By achieving these objectives, the study contributes to a significant re-evaluation of the history of materials science, positioning medieval Arabic chemistry as a direct precursor to modern glass technology and solid-state physics.
The increasing adoption of English as a Medium of Instruction (EMI) in tertiary education, largely driven by globalization, has attracted substantial scholarly attention in recent years. This study investigates students’ perceptions of lecturers’ teaching efficacy in EMI contexts, as well as the challenges students encounter throughout their learning process. A mixed-methods design was employed, integrating survey data from 280 participants with in-depth interviews involving 20 selected individuals, alongside three classroom observations conducted at different universities in Vietnam. The findings indicate that the majority of respondents hold positive perceptions of lecturers’ teaching effectiveness, particularly with respect to pedagogical practices, language use, and instructional flexibility. Nevertheless, a range of challenges persists, as students experience both subjective and objective barriers during their learning process. In response, the study proposes several pedagogical and institutional measures to address these challenges, enhance the effectiveness of EMI implementation, and support Vietnam’s broader efforts toward international integration and engagement.
This article analyzes the determinants of effective financial inclusion for SMEs in Morocco, defined as the relationship between access to, use of, and quality of financial services. Based on a sample of 250 formal SMEs, a conceptual framework integrating the Resource-Based View, configurational approaches, and neo-institutional theory is used to construct, using PCA, a composite index of financial inclusion (FIi) and scores for organizational resources (Resi), strategic configurations (Configi), and acceptance of digital payments (Accepti). The linear regression (OLS) and interaction models tested show that Resi, Configi, and especially Accepti have significant positive effects on FIi. Digital acceptance plays a central mediating role, transforming strategic configurations into effective use. These results highlight the strategic importance of the operational activation of digital payments and adapted usage pathways, in line with the objectives of the National Financial Inclusion Strategy (SNIF).
This paper investigates the influence of Transformational Leadership on Job Performance and Innovative Work Behavior within the volatile context of Lebanese Small and Medium-sized Enterprises (SMEs) amid a severe national socio-economic crisis. The research aims to examine Knowledge Sharing as a critical mediating mechanism that translates leadership efforts into organizational outcomes, thereby enabling SMEs to survive. Adopting a positivist, deductive approach, a cross-sectional survey was conducted among 400 employees across diverse managerial levels and sectors. Data were analyzed using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) to evaluate the hypothesized causal pathways and the robustness of the measurement model. The findings provide strong evidence that transformational leadership (TFL) acts as a powerful direct driver of both job performance (JP) and innovative work behavior (IWB), confirming its effectiveness even in high-pressure, resource-constrained environments. While knowledge sharing (KS) significantly influences performance and innovation, its mediating role is found to be contingent on specific contextual boundary conditions. These results conclude that leadership is a primary lever for stability in crisis-stricken markets. Practically, the study implies that SME owners should prioritize transformational behaviors and formalize knowledge sharing protocols to sustain employee output and creative problem-solving especially during periods of national instability.
The increasing strategic relevance of sustainability has led many organizations to publicly promote their environmental responsibility. However, discrepancies between sustainability communication and actual practices may generate perceptions of greenwashing. While prior research has largely focused on external stakeholders, less is known about the internal consequences of perceived greenwashing. Drawing on organizational behavior and sustainability strategy literature, this study examines whether perceived greenwashing negatively affects employee task performance and organizational citizenship behaviors. Survey data were collected from 154 employees across multiple sectors. Regression analyses reveal that perceived greenwashing is negatively associated with both task performance and discretionary behaviors. Contrary to expectations, personal environmental commitment and green skepticism did not moderate these relationships. The findings suggest that symbolic sustainability strategies may undermine internal performance outcomes, highlighting the importance of strategic authenticity for long-term organizational sustainability.
The purpose of this meta-analysis is to investigate the role of communication in enhancing leadership effectiveness across organizations, with emphasis on the educational sector. The study is based on a systematic literature review following the PRISMA methodology. From an initial pool of 200 studies, 30 were selected based on predefined criteria. Data from studies conducted between 2006 and 2024 were analyzed to identify patterns between communication skills and leadership effectiveness. Findings indicate that communication skills are a critical factor in effective leadership, positively influencing performance, satisfaction, and motivation. Effective communication acts as a mediating factor between leadership styles and organizational outcomes, while fostering trust, collaboration, and commitment. The study concludes that communication is a fundamental pillar of leadership effectiveness. These findings highlight the importance of integrating communication training into leadership development programs and provide practical guidance for organizations, particularly educational institutions, to enhance leadership practices and organizational performance.
The study begins by documenting the remarkable Arabic lexical and taxonomic richness. It then proceeds to the core thesis: an analysis of the theory that pearls form from raindrops. The study meticulously uncovers a pattern of "false attribution"; it demonstrates that what influential Arabic sources such as al-Tīfāshī and al-Qabjāqī transmitted as Aristotle's teaching was, in truth, a hybrid Eastern myth falsely ascribed to him to confer legitimacy. This reveals a case of "circular reporting." While later exegetes like Sheikh al-Rabwa resorted to an "interpretive retreat," claiming the pseudo-Aristotelian text was merely "symbol and allegory," the research highlights the genius of a parallel, empirically grounded track embodied by al-Bīrūnī. It is worth mentioning that al-Birūni deliberately avoided explaining the pearl's origin, focusing instead on a precise physical analysis of its behavior. The study then lays facts outside the Aristotelian myth, particularly those of Yūḥannā Ibn Māsawayh. It shows how Ibn Māsawayh produced the earliest geopolitical atlas of pearl fisheries, pioneering principles of marine resource "sustainability management" by documenting the "fallowing" system (a 14-year diving moratorium). He also developed a morphological and economic classification of pearls that surpassed later works. In the medical domain, the analysis traces a shift from magical to laboratory-based application, documenting how al-Bīrūnī and al-Tīfāshī transformed the pearl into an "examined substance" through purification protocols, with al-Tīfāshī notably applying a comparative experimental method to its dissolution in acids.
The study aims to identify the effect of digital transformation on crisis management and study the overall level of digital transformation implementation at Al-Iman Governmental Hospital in Ajloun Governorate. Its relied on a descriptive-analytical approach, and data were collected through a questionnaire distributed to the sample of 248 employees. The results showed that the level of digital transformation implementation at Al-Iman Governmental Hospital was generally moderate. Its recommended strengthening the adoption of digital transformation at Al-Iman Governmental Hospital.
Mental health among university students in Latin America has been compromised by stress, depression, and anxiety, which have been exacerbated by the pandemic. Despite the vulnerability of this population and the potential of digital tools, the actual adoption of chatbots for psychological support remains low due to doubts about their effectiveness and ease of use. The purpose of this study is to analyze the usability of KAI, a virtual assistant powered by generative artificial intelligence designed to assess symptoms using the DASS-21 scale and offer personalized recommendations. The methodology employed a mixed-methods descriptive and exploratory approach with 112 students from three Latin American universities, using the System Usability Scale (SUS) and qualitative interviews with psychology students. The main results indicate that the chatbot has outstanding usability and high acceptability, with a positive perception of its ease of use and security, although significant differences in evaluation were identified among the participating institutions. The main conclusion highlights that KAI is an intuitive and technologically viable tool that functions as a scalable emotional support resource, provided it maintains strict professional referral protocols in cases of high severity.
The study investigates how data management practices can support the improvement of mathematics competencies among Colombian secondary students in the post pandemic period, focusing on evidence from SABER 11 examinations between 2021 and 2024. Using a qualitative, descriptive–interpretive design, the research combines open ended surveys with documentary analysis of official ICFES reports to identify trends, achievement gaps, influencing factors, and learning difficulties in mathematics across 18 urban and rural schools from multiple regions. The sample includes 1,125 participants (students in grades 10 and 11, university students, and mathematics teachers), allowing triangulation of perceptions with standardized test results. Data were organized through iterative categorization of responses and scores into thematic clusters related to performance levels, socio economic conditions, access to digital resources, and pedagogical practices. Results reveal persistent and, in some cases, widening gaps in mathematical performance between rural and urban schools, as well as between students from different socio economic strata, exacerbated by unequal connectivity, limited family support, and heterogeneous institutional responses during remote learning. Teachers and students report difficulties in consolidating fundamental concepts, problem solving skills, and mathematical reasoning, which align with patterns observed in SABER 11 achievement distributions. The study concludes that systematic use of assessment data, combined with context sensitive qualitative evidence, is essential to inform pedagogical and policy decisions aimed at reducing learning gaps, strengthening data literacy among school leaders and teachers, and designing targeted interventions to enhance mathematics achievement in post pandemic Colombia.
This article addresses the lack of formal stability analyses in quantum sliding mode control (QSMC) by providing rigorous proof of stability and convergence based on Lyapunov theory. It also proposes an optimized QSMC approach that reduces quantum resource requirements while preserving control performance. The study begins with a re-evaluation of the conventional QSMC formulation, which implements the sign function using three qubits, along with a Hadamard gate and a CCNOT gate. A Lyapunov-based analysis is conducted to formally demonstrate the stability and convergence of the system. Based on this result, an improved QSMC scheme is introduced. The new design replaces the original structure with a quantum sign detector, a measurement process, and a rotation gate, thus reducing the implementation to two qubits. The proposed method is validated by its application to the speed control of a DC motor. The results show that it maintains efficient performance while requiring fewer computing resources. Simulation results support the feasibility of the approach. This work strengthens the theoretical foundations of QSMC and improves its applicability. The optimized version offers a more efficient and scalable solution for implementation on current quantum hardware with limited qubit availability.
Amid escalating global environmental challenges and China’s "dual carbon" strategic goals, the green transformation of small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs), particularly “specialized, refined, distinctive, and innovative” (SRDI) firms, has become a critical pathway to achieving high-quality economic development and ecological sustainability. Drawing on the resource-based view, dynamic capabilities theory, and contingency theory, this study develops an integrated conceptual framework to examine the mechanisms and boundary conditions through which green entrepreneurial orientation (GEO) influences sustainable performance in SMEs. Specifically, green innovation (GI) and green supply chain management (GSCM) are conceptualized as parallel mediating variables, while green technology dynamism (GTD) is introduced as a moderating variable. Based on a systematic review of the literature, this study proposes that GEO enhances sustainable performance through two complementary pathways GI and GSCM, while GTD significantly moderates the strength of these indirect effects, thereby forming a moderated mediation mechanism. By integrating multiple theoretical perspectives, this study provides a parsimonious and systematic explanation of the underlying mechanisms and boundary conditions linking green technology dynamism to sustainable performance. The findings not only enrich the literature on green transformation but also offer important implications for SMEs in formulating and implementing green strategies, as well as for policymakers in designing targeted policies to facilitate enterprise-level sustainability transitions.
Hospitals in low- and middle-income countries face increasing financial pressure due to discrepancies between reimbursement tariffs and actual service costs. This study aimed to analyze the unit cost and Cost Recovery Rate (CRR) of soft tissue tumor (STT) surgical services at Hospital “X” in Makassar, Indonesia, using Activity-Based Costing (ABC), and to formulate cost containment strategies through a lean management approach. A mixed-methods study with an explanatory sequential design was employed. Quantitative data were used to calculate unit costs and financial performance (CRR), followed by qualitative data collection through observations and in-depth interviews to identify inefficiencies and sources of waste in service delivery. The results showed that the unit cost of STT surgery was IDR 9,045,213 per case, which was lower than the hospital tariff (IDR 15,737,000) but significantly higher than the INA-CBGs reimbursement rate (IDR 4,248,900), resulting in a negative margin of IDR 4,796,313 per procedure. Qualitative findings revealed inefficiencies in service flow, with an average waiting time of 243 minutes. Waiting time was identified as the dominant form of waste, primarily caused by physician delays and weak coordination among surgical teams. STT surgical services at Hospital “X” are financially unsustainable under current reimbursement schemes. The gap between actual costs and INA-CBGs tariffs, combined with operational inefficiencies, contributes significantly to negative financial performance. The study highlights the importance of implementing lean-based cost containment strategies, including waste elimination, improved scheduling coordination, standardized clinical pathways, and workflow redesign. These interventions are essential to enhance operational efficiency, improve cost recovery, and maintain service quality and patient safety in resource-constrained hospital settings.
Plant health plays a critical role in agriculture, climate balance, and economic stability. However, plant diseases caused by bacteria, fungi, and viruses can significantly reduce crop productivity if not detected early. Traditional manual inspection methods are time-consuming, labor-intensive, and prone to human error, especially in large-scale farming. To address these challenges, this study proposes an automated and accurate plant disease detection system using deep learning-based object detection models for early disease diagnosis in agriculture. A publicly available dataset containing 38 different plant leaf diseases annotated in You Only Look Once (YOLO) format is used, along with a standardized preprocessing pipeline to ensure data quality and consistency. Three modern architectures: YOLOv8, YOLOv11, and YOLOv26 were trained and evaluated under identical conditions using the Ultralytics framework on Google Colab. Experimental results show that YOLOv11 achieves the highest accuracy in terms of precision, recall, and mean Average Precision (mAP), while YOLOv8 provides the fastest inference speed with lower computational complexity. Based on the results, the study concludes that YOLO-based models show great potential for plant disease detection, with YOLOv11 offering superior detection accuracy among the evaluated models. The practical implications of these findings lie in the potential for precision agriculture to monitor diseases in real-time, minimize crop losses, and aid in timely decision-making for farmers and agricultural stakeholders.
