One of the most important items in feasibility reports used in investment decisions of industrial facilities is to make capital cost estimates. The most reliable way of making this cost estimate used in investment decisions directly affects investment decisions and is vital for the future of companies. Therefore, cost estimates are a more strategic step in large-scale facilities. In this study, Advanced System for Process Engineering (ASPEN) software was used to design the process in 3D and for process optimization, examples were given for "Sour Water Stripping" and "Gas Dehydration-Regeneration" and for cost estimation, the classification of "Association for the Advancement of Cost Engineering" was studied. During the 3D design for both processes, the relationships between parameters such as "Water to Saturate Mass Flow" and "Sales Gas Compression Mass Flow" were examined and the results obtained were exemplified.
The integration of waste electrical and electronic equipment (WEEE) into construction materials represents a promising circular economy strategy for sustainable building design. However, the indoor hygrothermal performance of such eco-friendly buildings under real climatic conditions remains insufficiently understood. This study investigates the indoor temperature and humidity behavior of buildings incorporating different proportions of WEEE-derived glass materials and develops a predictive framework for indoor environmental conditions. Three experimental buildings were constructed: a control building (C100PV0) and two eco-friendly configurations, C70PV30 (30% glass powder) and GV50Sa50 (50% glass aggregate). Indoor and outdoor data were collected using IoT-based sensors combined with external NASA atmospheric data. An XGBoost model incorporating lagged and rolling features was developed and evaluated using a chronological train–test split to ensure realistic validation. The results show that indoor environments exhibit reduced variability, reflecting the thermal and hygrometric damping effect of construction materials. The C70PV30 building demonstrates the highest thermal stability, while GV50Sa50 exhibits the most stable humidity evolution with minimal fluctuations. From a predictive perspective, the model achieves excellent performance for temperature in both buildings and for humidity in C70PV30 (R² ≈ 0.99), with error levels of RMSE ≤ 0.10 for temperature and ≤ 0.22 for humidity. In contrast, humidity prediction in GV50Sa50 yields a low R² (≈ 0.12) due probably to the near-constant nature of the signal; however, error-based metrics (MedAE ≈ 0.04) confirm that predictions remain accurate in absolute terms. Overall, the findings demonstrate that incorporating recycled glass materials improves indoor hygrothermal stability while maintaining high predictability. The proposed IoT–machine learning framework provides a robust approach for modeling and optimizing indoor environmental conditions in sustainable buildings.
The development of Hainan Free Trade Port has created significant opportunities for the tourism industry while also placing new and higher demands for talent cultivation in tourism management. This paper analyzes emerging trends in tourism development within the free trade port context, identifies key challenges in current training models, and proposes strategies to enhance the competitiveness of tourism management professionals. These strategies focus on reorienting educational objectives, optimizing curriculum systems, strengthening faculty development, deepening industry-education collaboration, and elevating internationalization levels. The findings aim to provide actionable insights for professional reforms in relevant academic institutions. Furthermore, the paper seeks to improve the existing tourism management education system to enhance talent competitiveness and better serve the construction of the free trade port.
Groundwater hardness, primarily caused by calcium and magnesium ions, poses significant challenges to domestic, industrial and agricultural uses, as well as health risks associated with cardiovascular disease, kidney stones and other ailments. This study aimed to investigate the removal of total hardness from groundwater using a novel iron oxide-fused metakaolin composite. Initially, calcium adsorption isotherm studies were conducted to assess the composite’s adsorption capacity and mechanism. The favourable adsorption of calcium ions justified further investigation, leading to batch and column experiments that evaluated the composite’s performance in reducing total hardness from real groundwater samples.The calcium adsorption isotherm studies revealed that the adsorption of calcium ions is best described by the Langmuir isotherm with a maximum adsorption capacity of 24.33 mg/g and a separation factor (RL value)of 0.398 which shows that adsorption process was favourable (RL<1).A removal efficiency of 89.78% was achieved for groundwater total hardness using batch studies. Column studies using the adsorbent together with sand and activated carbon as support materials achieved a removal efficiency of 97.37%. The study demonstrates the effectiveness of the synthesised adsorbent in removing total hardness from groundwater, highlighting its potential as a viable treatment option for mitigating health risks and improving water quality.
