Rural areas have experienced various evolutions in terms of structure and function, causing some vagueness regarding rural conceptions and identities. Agriculture, as the most fundamental rural activity, has had severe evolutions. This paper aims to structurally analyze the spatio-temporal evolutions of agricultural rurality in Isfahan province by conducting a comparative study considering villages consisting of more than four households during two agricultural censuses in 2003 and 2014. The same variables were extracted and two series of cross-sectional and one series of longitudinal indicators of agricultural rurality and its evolutions were calculated. Both cross-sectional and longitudinal evolutions were modeled using structural equation modeling and bootstrapping procedure. Rate of employment in agriculture, stakeholders’ per capita land, irrigated lands and irrigated cultivation were the indicators affecting agricultural rurality in both years. Results generally showed that water as input and its sub-indicators have a more determinant role in agricultural functionality than land; also, this functionality has mainly been based on farming rather than gardening. Regional analysis on the mean structures of agricultural rurality indicated the negative impact of the changes in employment rate in agriculture and farming stakeholders and contrarily the positive impact of the changes in farmers’ literacy rate and gardening stakeholders on the evolution of agricultural rurality among three groups of mountainous, plain and desert rural regions. This impact has been more influential in terms of employment and literacy rates. The changes of irrigated lands have only affected the evolution of agricultural rurality in desert rural regions.
The developments in rural society over the past decades indicate instability and the existence of major socio-economic challenges in the process of sustainable development of rural areas. The neglect of diversity and continuous change in the socio-economic conditions of country rural communities and neglect of socio-economic infrastructure of rural society has added to the problems and challenges of rural development. Therefore, it is necessary to pay attention to socio-economic sustainability for planning and managing rural areas. The purpose of doing this study is to analyze the socio-economic stability of rural areas in Ilam province using GIS. For sampling, out of 378 villages with more than 20 households, 37 villages were selected as a sample and 250 questionnaires were completed by the villagers. The research method in this article is descriptive-analytical and for data collection two methods of field study and library study were used. Also, data analysis was performed using one-way analysis of variance, factor analysis, and multiple regression analysis. The results of a one-way analysis of variance show that there is a significant difference between economic and social sustainability indicators in different dimensions. Also, the results of factor analysis show that the number of indicators that indicate the factors affecting the sustainability of villagers are reduced to 12 special factors and the results of multiple regression analysis indicate that social components (0.217) have the greatest effect and economic components (0.042) have the least effect on the sustainability of villages in the study area.
Idealism as a motivating factor can pave the way for the development of human societies, especially in rural areas. Therefore, the main purpose of this paper is to analyze the effects of idealism on rural development in the Sistan region. This research is based on the descriptive-analytical method and is applied in terms of purpose. Documentary and survey methods were used to collect information. The sample size per village unit was determined using the Sharp correction formula of 40 villages. According to Cochran's formula, the sample size for the head of the household unit was 381. The validity of the researcher-made questionnaire was confirmed by experts on the subject, and the reliability coefficient was 0/856. Spearman correlation coefficient, analysis of variance and taxonomic methods were used to investigate the effects of rural idealism on rural development. The results of the taxonomy of development by leveling rural idealism showed that the highest number in both levels is in the middle group. The results of the evaluation of idealism showed that Jalehie village in Zabol city (124/08) had the highest and Kang Emamdad village in Hirmand city (66/33) had the lowest level of idealism. Also Karbasak village from Zabol city (3/66) had the highest and Akondzad village of Hirmand city (1/86) had the lowest level of rural development and the overall result of the study showed that there is a significant relationship between idealism and the level of rural development in the villages of Sistan region (with sig 0/000).
Fertility is one of the basic processes of the population that has an important effect on the dynamics and change of population structure. The declining burden is a global phenomenon; in the past decades, developed countries and today many developing countries are experiencing it, and in Iran, the overall fertility rate has reached less than the replacement level. Estimation of fertility rate in rural areas is mainly affected by population size and space unit size. Therefore, estimating fertility rates and mapping them in small and sparsely populated geographical areas is challenging. This study aims to accurately estimate and identify spatial patterns of fertility in rural areas using spatial smoothing methods for 2016 and 2011. Experimental Bayes and spatial Bayes smoothing methods were used to analyze the data. While the average GFR of 2011 and 2016 are 51.1 and 71.6 (children per 1000 women), respectively, the findings show that spatial smoothing methods, especially the experimental spatial Bayesian method, have good efficiency in estimating fertility in small areas. Adjusting the fertility rate in densely populated areas is less and in sparsely populated areas it makes a significant adjustment. The results also show the occurrence of high rural fertility in less developed border areas (southeast, east and south) and the spread of low rural fertility from north to south and then the central and western villages. The persistence of low fertility in most of the rural areas is causing serious challenges in the economic, social and political spheres.
The present study uses a future research approach to identify the challenges affecting the development of the ecosystem of entrepreneurial tourism businesses in rural areas of Jiroft and the structural equations between them. To do this, we first collected a combination of codes from the models and research used in the field of tourism entrepreneurial businesses, as well as a survey of 15 rural entrepreneurs to improve them. Then, using MICMAC software, the identified factors were examined in terms of impact or effectiveness. The statistical population of this study consists of 54 tourism business owners in three villages located in the Sarduiyeh district. Then, with the Delphi method and a survey of experts in the field of tourism entrepreneurial businesses, the structural relationships resulting from these drivers were addressed. For this purpose, 50 experts performed non-probabilistic judgment sampling in the form of a path analysis test in SPSS software. The results showed that financial and economic issues have the highest impact factor. The root of these problems can be traced to factors such as marketing and financial issues and the limited budget of entrepreneurs and their weak support, which can have a significant impact on the development of such businesses in the future.
Nowadays, one of the appropriate ways for self-sufficiency and food security of our country is the development and deployment of hydroponic greenhouses. This study is in applied form and in terms of method, it is descriptive-analytical. Also using Cochran's formula, 260 employers and hydroponic farm workers as well as villagers were selected as a sample population and questioned and finally analyzed by using descriptive statistics and Friedman test, gamma correlation analysis matrix and factor analysis model in SPSS software environment. The results of the Friedman Test show that the high initial cost of hydroponics and lack of skills of farmers are considered the most serious obstacles. Also, the results of gamma correlation coefficient matrix analysis indicate that costly hydroponics with the inability of cultivation for many crops, lack of skills of farmers’ significant relationship up to 95% confidence level. The results of factor analysis also classified the obstacles to hydroponics in rural areas into four main reasons. Among these, institutional/administrative obstacles with 28.16% of eigenvalue variance are considered as the most important reason and economic and social obstacles, infrastructural barriers, and environmental barriers are in the next positions, respectively. In addition, the studied components are a total of 75.91% of obstacles to hydroponics in rural areas and about 24.9% of the remaining are about factors that were not investigated in this study.
It is generally assumed that the well-being of rural tourism communities is related to their degree of resilience. However, despite the importance of community resilience and its potential for long-term economic development, the factors affecting the resilience of the tourism community for sustainable development are often overlooked in the planning stages of tourism development projects in many parts of the world. The purpose of this study is to present a model for the resilience of the rural tourism community to the three components of community resilience, including environmental, social, and economic resilience for sustainable tourism development. In this study, through an in-depth study of the literature and open interviews with 15 experts in the field of rural development and tourism familiar with the sustainable development of the tourism industry in Hamadan, information was collected and using a heuristic approach of theme analysis and coding, finally 45 variables, 9 components, and 3 dimensions were extracted. Then in the next stage, the research components were implemented by 15 research experts using a questionnaire and interpretive-structural modeling (ISM) method and using MATLAB software, position, importance, and the effectiveness of the extracted research components were presented at five levels. The results of this study indicate that the component of financial support for sustainable development of tourism has the greatest effect and is the cornerstone of the resilience of the rural tourism community, and the component of health and safety of the tourism community has the most dependence.
The purpose of this study is to identify and prioritize the key effective drivers in the brand of Slow tourism in the village of Javaherdeh. The present study is exploratory-explanatory in terms of purpose and qualitative-quantitative in terms of method, based on the opinions of 30 experts who were selected by snowball and judgment method. In the qualitative method, the initial model was designed using MAXQDA software and the relationships between the drivers were explained, prioritized and evaluated with MICMAC software. The results indicate that the 49 identified key drivers can be divided into three categories of components: Slow tourism product, Slow tourism process, and Slow tourism program. In this regard, the drivers of environmental quality, landscape, and natural attractions in or around, clean and favorable climate, Slow tourism education, receptive and dynamic public spaces, attracting positive feedback about Slow brand (attitude), destination personality, having a unique story and motivation to use the Slow tourism brand, are the most effective drivers in creating the Slow tourism brand of Javaherdeh village.
Land use planning in conditions of uncertainty requires the optimal allocation of land homogeneous, compatible, and incompatible with natural and human environments. The purpose of this study is to determine the range of rural and natural areas in the east of Guilan province to diversify sustainable rural employment. Geographical level of this research is the whole area of rural geography of East Gilan and the statistical population includes experts and implementers in the field of rural planning in Gilan province, among whom 83 people were interviewed in a purposeful manner. Sample volume adequacy was also considered based on repetition or saturation.For this purpose, first, using Mic Mac software, the most effective and impressible factors involved in rural employment were identified, and then, with the help of forming a balanced cross-matrix in Scenario Wizard software, possible scenarios for job creation were designed. In this study, the three scenarios of job creation consist of activities heterogeneous with the environment, activities consistent with the environment, and activities incompatible with the environment. In order to allocate land, first, the variables were weighted using the AHP method and then the competence zone for each strategy was obtained using the MCE method. Finally, in order to allocate land to each of these three strategies, using MOLA modeling techniques, the most suitable areas were identified by delimitation. The results showed that plains to the foothills areas have the highest potential for creating homogeneous and nature-related jobs , mountainous areas deserve to develop compatible jobs with nature and activities that are not compatible with nature can be developed as scattered spots throughout the area.
Planning for the development of low-income villages, on the other hand, technology simplicity, the need for less capital, a shorter period of return on investment and other benefits of small industries, the scale of the agricultural sector, the need to launch such industries has made it more visible than before. However, the path of launching these industries is not always simple and faces various obstacles. Hence, the purpose of this study was to identify and determine the barriers to the establishment of small-scale industries in the agricultural sector. To identify the barriers, 20 semi-structured interviews were conducted with provincial experts. Analysis of data collected from interviews led to the identification of 41 concepts in the form of 7 macro-categories of barriers. Then, the two-stage Delphi-fuzzy technique was used to reach a group agreement between the experts and to rank the inhibitory factors. According to the results of the Delphi-fuzzy technique, barriers to establishment of the small-scale industries in the agricultural sector in Kakavand district of Delfan city were classified into 5 categories. Financial-credit barriers with an average of 0.442, were the first priority barriers. Also, administrative-political barriers with an average of 0.426, lack of trained manpower and local entrepreneurs with an average of 0.417, lack of participatory, individual, and social spirit of the local community to invest with a total average of 0.407 and weak domestic and foreign investment with the average of 0.397 were in the next ranks. Providing credit, reducing administrative bureaucracy and political barriers, providing education to villagers and strengthening their participation, as well as attracting domestic and foreign investors to set up small-scale agricultural industries are the main research proposals.
The aim of this study was to analyze the effect of implementing a community-based addiction prevention plan on the quality of life of villagers in Marivan county. The method of this research was descriptive-correlational which was done using the survey technique. The statistical population of this study was the villagers of Marivan city, among whom a community-based addiction prevention plan was implemented, which included 8127 people. The sample size was 384 using Cochran's formula. The results of descriptive statistics showed that the mean of the variable components of the effectiveness of the community-based plan for addiction prevention (prevention and reduction of substance abuse) was obtained at a low level (<2). The mean of social, economic and health components of quality of life was less than average (<3) and for the physical component of the variable quality of life was more than average (>3). The results obtained from the structural model of the research showed that the community-based addiction prevention plan had a positive and significant effect on the quality of life variable. The results of the structural model of the study showed that the community-based plan for addiction prevention had a positive and significant effect on the quality of life variable so that this variable explained 76% of the changes in the quality of life of the studied villagers.
Sustainable development of Agri-tourism is a solution for the optimal use of the tourism industry. But one of the main reasons for the non-implementation of development policies is the lack of necessary mechanisms to identify and analyze the many stakeholders that should be in a participatory process for sustainable management of Agri-tourism development. The present mixed study was conducted with the aim of analyzing the stakeholders of sustainable development of Agri-tourism in the west of Mazandaran Province. In order to identify these stakeholders, the stakeholders’ information was collected from experts in the field of agricultural tourism. After interviewing 17 of them and during four Delphi stages, 25 people were identified as stakeholders of sustainable development of Agri-tourism and using a semi-structured interview with two representatives of each stakeholder group (50 interviews in total), it was determined how to exercise the power of the stakeholders according to the type of their benefit. Based on the results, the main stakeholders in the sustainable development of agricultural tourism were mostly government organization, including the Agriculture Jihad Organization, Cultural Heritage Organization, Natural Resources and Watershed Management Organization and Environment Protection Organization, which in terms of five types of legal power, knowledge power, economic power, political power and social power were in a higher position. The proposed classification can be used to create capacity, promote participation and interaction among stakeholders according to the type of power and benefit in the process of sustainable development of Agri-tourism.
Poverty is still one of the main challenges facing humankind with a more rural nature in developing countries. The importance of addressing the issue of poverty and deprivation is to the extent that the United Nations considers its reduction as the first goal of Sustainable Development Goals. The approach of researchers and politicians to poverty has now shifted from one-dimensional to multi-dimensional. This means that poverty is no longer seen as a purely economic issue, instead, various dimensions including education, health, and welfare are now considered for poverty. Accordingly, recognition of poverty and coping with it requires a holistic and systematic understanding of it. The current study has attempted to go beyond the household level and study poverty (at county, province and country levels) by utilizing the concept of MPI while localizing its various indices with the aim of assisting policy-making and planning to reduce poverty. In this regard, the 2016 census data of 20000 rural households were used. According to the findings of this study, the multidimensional poverty index (MPI) of Iran is 0.349. Education, health, and living standards (welfare) had the highest contribution in MPI, respectively. The intensity and incidence of poverty among rural households are 0.558 and 0.628, respectively. Poverty in Iran is affected not only by economic and social factors but also by spatial and climatic factors. Consequently, given the extent and complexity of the relationships among the factors affecting and being affected by poverty, any planning and policymaking to alleviate poverty requires an intelligent holistic and systematic approach to poverty.
تابآوری نقش مهمی در توانمندسازی اجتماعات روستایی در برابر مخاطره سیل دارد. از این رو تابآوری بهعنوان راهبرد مناسب در کاهش آسیبپذیری و مدیریت بحران بلایای طبیعی در کانون توجه بسیاری از کشورها قرار گرفته است. پژوهش حاضر به دنبال تحلیل مؤلفههای اجتماعی اثرگذار بر تابآوری نواحی روستایی شرق استان گیلان در برابر مخاطره سیل است. هدف تحقیق کاربردی و دادهها با استفاده از روش توصیفی- تحلیلی با استفاده از منابع اسنادی و مطالعات میدانی (پرسشنامه) گردآوری شده است. واحد تحلیل پژوهش سرپرستان خانوار روستایی ساکن در محدوده موردمطالعه است که با استفاده از روش کوکران 379 نفر انتخاب شدهاند. در این پژوهش از آزمون T تک نمونهای برای ارزیابی معناداری و قابلیت تعمیم نتایج و از ضریب همبستگی و روش رگرسیون جهت تحلیل دادهها و میزان اثرگذاری مؤلفههای اجتماعی بر تابآوری استفاده شده است. نتایج نشان میدهد، مؤلفه مشارکت جمعی بیشترین تأثیر را در ارتقای تابآوری جوامع روستایی نسبت به مؤلفههای وابستگی مکانی، اعتماد اجتماعی و دانش و آگاهی دارد. درنهایت سطوح تابآوری حاصل از محدوده مطالعاتی بیانگر آن است که دهستانهای اشکور سفلی و دیوشل در پایینترین سطح تابآوری در بعد اجتماعی و دهستانهای دهگاه، دریاسر و کجید در بالاترین سطح تابآوری در بعد اجتماعی در برابر مخاطره سیل قرار دارند.
مساکن روستایی جدید به سرعت درحال تغییر چهره دادن و شبیه شدن به معماری شهری هستند. دراین روند تنوع اقلیمی حاکم بر سطح مناطق مختلف نادیده گرفته شده و عموماً مساکن روستایی با سازمان فضایی یکسان برای مناطق اقلیمی متنوع ساخته میشود. هدف از این پژوهش، شناخت سازمان فضایی مسکن روستایی استان آذربایجانشرقی بر اساس تنوع اقلیمی حاکم بر این استان است. در پژوهش اخیر از روش تحلیلی نحو فضایی (چیدمان فضایی)، به منظور بررسی سازمان فضایی مسکن روستایی استفاده شده است. برای انتخاب نمونههای مورد بررسی، ابتدا روستاهای مورد مطالعه بر مبنای پهنهبندی اقلیمی استان به روش خوشهای به تعداد 9 مورد گزینش شده و سپس تمام خانههای بومی موجود در روستاهای منتخب مورد برداشت دقیق میدانی قرار گرفتهاند. تجزیه و تحلیل اطلاعات حاصل از مطالعات میدانی این خانهها به وسیله نرمافزار «دپت مپ» و «ای-گراف» بوده است. برخلاف تصور رایج مبنی بر حضور همزمان سه الگوی فضای باز، نیمه باز و پوشیده در مساکن روستایی استان، الگوی حاکم بر ارتباط فضایی خانههای روستایی استان از ترکیب فضاهای باز و پوشیده تشکیلشدهاست که به ندرت و با معتدل شدن شرایط اقلیمی در برخی از مناطق خاص، الگوی فضای نیمهباز به این سازمان افزوده میشود. شرایط اقلیمی بیشترین تاثیر را بر روی مولفه همپیوندی و عمق فضایی مساکن روستایی داشته است به طوری که گونههای مساکن روستایی از منظر میزان عمق و اندازه همپیوندی به شرایط اقلیمی مختلف پاسخ میدهند. همچنین کمترین تأثیر شرایط اقلیمی مربوط به مؤلفه عرصهبندی خانههای روستایی است که سلسله مراتب استقرار فضاهای مختلف در آنها تقریباً در سراسر استان یکسان است.
Sense of place is a factor that transforms the space into a place with special behavioral and emotional characteristics for people. This sense can lead to pro-environmental behavior. Therefore, the main purpose of this study was to assess the sense of place of local people and tourists in Cheshme Belgheis Garden of Choram and its relation to their pro-environmental behaviors. The research population of the study consisted of local people who were located at least 20 km from the garden and tourists who visited the Cheshme Belgheis Garden of Choram. The sample of the study included 96 local people and 96 tourists who visited the garden during the period of the study. A questionnaire was used to collect data. The validity of the questionnaire was confirmed by a panel of experts and its reliability was obtained by performing a single study and the Cronbach's alpha coefficient was calculated for all seven different sense levels (0.80 to 0.90 ), indicating the desired reliability of the questionnaire. The results showed that both local people (3.93) and tourists (3.61) are at a desirable level in terms of sense of place and pro-environmental behavior. The results of comparing the means between the two groups of tourists and hosts also indicated that there is a significant difference between the two groups in terms of place sense. However, there was no significant difference between the two groups in pro-environmental behavior. The results showed that there was no correlation between pro-environmental behavior and the sense of place of the two target groups. Finally considering the results of the study, some suggestions have been provided to improve the condition of the garden.
مقصدهای گردشگری روستایی به علت بهرهمندی از قابلیتهای متنوع طبیعی و انسانی میتواند بهعنوان مقصدی خلاق محصولات و خدمات خلاق به گردشگران ارائه نماید. هدف از پژوهش حاضر شناسایی عوامل اثربخش بر توسعه گردشگری خلاق در مناطق روستایی شهرستان بروجن است. روش تحقیق توصیفی- تحلیلی مبتنی بر بررسیهای میدانی است. ابزار پژوهش پرسشنامه محقق ساخته با 102 سؤال و جامعه آماری پژوهش گردشگران روستایی به تعداد 159000 نفر است. حجم نمونه بر اساس فرمول کوکران 380 نفر برآورد و به روش تصادفی توزیع گردید. تحلیلهای توصیفی و استنباطی با بهرهگیری از نرمافزار SPSS و آزمونهای آماری تی تک نمونهای و تحلیل عاملی صورت گرفته است. همچنین مدلسازی معادلات ساختاری برای شناسایی رفتارهای پایدار و بررسی اثر گردشگری خلاق بر آن در نرمافزار AMOS مورداستفاده قرار گرفته است. نتایج رتبهبندی عوامل اثرگذار بر توسعه گردشگری خلاق در مناطق روستایی شهرستان بروجن بیشترین پتانسیل را با بار عاملی 90/0 به شاخص اطلاعرسانی و تبلیغات اختصاص داده است. رفتارهای پایدار گردشگران با استفاده از آزمون تحلیل عاملی در سه بعد عوامل فرهنگی، زیستمحیطی و اقتصادی مشخص شده است که به ترتیب پایداری فرهنگی 9/33 درصد، پایداری اقتصادی 8/14 درصد و پایداری زیستمحیطی 75/11 درصد رفتارهای پایدار گردشگران را تبیین نموده است. البته باید متذکر شد وجود زمینههای گردشگری خلاق در منطقه اثری بر بروز رفتارهای پایدار گردشگران روستایی نداشته است.
Today, we are witnessing extensive changes in the movements between cities and villages, so that permanent movement between cities and villages have become daily commutes, which is referred to as population floating. This is more common among the inhabitants of the villages around the metropolises. In addition to economic incentives, various factors can affect the formation and strengthening of the flow of rural floating population. The aim of this study is to investigate the factors affecting the formation of rural floating populations in urban areas. The present research is of applied type and the method of doing it is descriptive-analytical. The statistical population of the study is the households of 20 villages of Tabadakan district around the metropolis of Mashhad. Data were collected using a researcher-made questionnaire and based on research indicators. The results showed that the factors affecting the buoyancy of the rural population can be classified into economic, social, individual, geographical-environmental and institutional factors. Among these, economic factors, social factors and individual factors explained 37.71, 12.13 and 7.78% of the variance of the dependent variable, respectively. Also, the results of the Spearman correlation test showed an inverse relationship with moderate intensity between the two variables of distance from the city and the buoyancy ratio of the rural population. Finally, the results of the logistic regression test indicate that the variables of age, occupation and having a place of residence or home in the city have a statistically significant effect on the dependent variable (floating or non-floating population) and are able to predict changes in the dependent variable.
بین کانونهای شهری و روستایی انواع گوناگون جریانها و تعاملات فضایی وجود دارد. قوت و کمتوانی، نوع و کیفیت تعامل روستایی - شهری همواره دچار تحول بوده و از پتانسیلهای پنهان و آشکار فراوانی برخوردار است. سالهای طولانی است که آگاهی بسیار از مسئله پیوندهای روستایی - شهری بهگونهای فراگیر وجود داشته است؛ اما پتانسیلهای نهفته در جریانها و تعامل فضایی آنها بیشتر ناشناخته، رهاشده و نادیده انگاشته شده است. بر این شالوده، این مقاله رابطه بین بهبود پیوندهای روستایی - شهری برای توانمندسازی بهرهبرداران کشاورزی در امنیت غذایی پایدار روستاهای جنوب شرق استان تهران را آشکار میسازد. برای تبیین این موضوع، 400 پرسشنامه در بین بهرهبرداران کشاورزی به روش نمونهگیری تصادفی ساده تکمیل شد. یافتههای این پژوهش که به روش توصیفی - تحلیلی است، بیانگر تأثیر مثبت این پیوندها بر مشارکت بهرهبرداران کشاورزی در سرمایهگذاری، دسترسی به منابع، بازاررسانی محصولات است. یافتهها بهبود شاخصهای جریان فضایی برای توانمندسازی و امنیت غذایی را آشکار ساخت. به سخن دیگر، بهبود شاخصهای جریانهای فضایی، مشارکت بهرهبرداران کشاورزی را برای تولید در زمینههای گوناگون و فعالیتهای متنوع کشاورزی و غیر کشاورزی تسهیل میکند که پی آیند آن بهبود میانگین ابعاد امنیت غذایی پایدار است. در این ارتباط اتخاذ سیاستهای مناسب و بازنگری در نظام سیاستگذاری در راستای توجه بیشتر به پتانسیل پیوندهای روستایی ـ شهری برای بهبود امنیت غذایی پایدار پیشنهاد میشود.
Today, the nature of the design and monitoring the visual aspects affecting the enrichment and formation of the rural environment and the villagers’ experiences of its physical appearance face shortcomings. It is necessary to identify the factors of the visual organization and study its effect on the physical appearance of the village to provide a more comprehensive description of this phenomenon. This research is exploratory in nature and descriptive survey in terms of the data collection method. The data required for the research were collected through documentary content analysis and the Delphi survey. The statistical population consists of 10 people in the Delphi section and 265 experts in the survey section who were interviewed after the validity and reliability of the questionnaire was confirmed by professors and Cronbach's alpha technique. To analyze the research data, one-sample t-test, Pearson correlation coefficient and Regression Analysis were used, the results of which showed that out of 53 evaluated indicators in four aspects of aesthetics-formal, activity-functional, cognitive-perceptual, and biological-natural, decorations and materials had the highest effect with an overall weight of 4.52, and the balance indicator with the score of 2.24 had the lowest impact on the visual organization of the village. Furthermore, the research findings showed a significant positive relationship between the stated factors and indicators. According to the regression analysis, 61% of the factors of the visual organization result in improving the physical appearance of the village. Among the four factors, the cognitive-perceptual factor with the impact factor of 0.378 had the most effect on the improvement of the physical appearance of the village.
